Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:23:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vanessa_Santos_Lemos_Dissertacao.pdf: 11190698 bytes, checksum: d000559aa115b19e725d4ecc44ad5edd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-17 / This dissertation analyzes the elements of coercion and propaganda employed in education in the Estado Novo (1937-1945), especially in Pelotas - Rio Grande do Sul. The work examines how the policy of the dictatorship of Vargas manifested in education, which promoted the mechanisms massive participation of the school population in civic ceremonies, as well as adherence to the rules of society. The Vargas government, through its educational policy, sought to instill in Brazilian society, the cult leader, civic and patriotic values, forging a national identity. Are studied as the Civic Celebrations (Week Fatherland) and practices of physical education were employed in this process and how they were merged in the making of the New State pedagogical project, elements of the proposed Catholic teaching and the secular. It assessed the role of institutions in the school organization and monitoring of the community where they were inserted and how the state has co-opted families in the development of nationalization campaign. Perceived as a liberal discourse was linked to the practice in the joint dictatorship of accession and approval to the scheme. Demonstrates how the teaching of history was used in the formulation of an education grounded in a patriotic nationalism. Reflects on the promotion of physical education and a "civic" in caravans of Coloninhos in Camps and Scout groups, and how the military contributed to the discipline of Brazilian youth, so massive and coercive / Esta dissertação analisa os elementos propagandísticos e coercitivos empregados na educação no Estado Novo (1937-1945), especialmente em Pelotas Rio Grande do Sul. O trabalho verifica como a política do regime ditatorial de Vargas manifestou-se na educação, quais mecanismos promoveram a participação massiva da população escolar nas cerimônias cívicas, assim como a adesão da sociedade ao regime. O governo Vargas, através da sua política educacional, buscou inculcar na sociedade brasileira o culto ao líder, valores cívicos e patrióticos, forjando a identidade nacional. São estudadas como as Celebrações Cívicas (Semana da Pátria) e as práticas da Educação Física foram empregadas neste processo e como foram mesclados, na confecção do projeto pedagógico estadonovista, elementos pedagógicos da proposta Católica e da laica. É avaliado o papel das Instituições escolares na organização e na vigilância da comunidade onde estavam inseridas e como o Estado cooptou as famílias no desenvolvimento da Campanha de Nacionalização. Percebe como um discurso liberal esteve atrelado à prática ditatorial na articulação da adesão e aprovação ao regime. Demonstra de que forma o Ensino de História foi utilizado na formatação de uma educação calcada em um nacionalismo ufanista. Reflete sobre a promoção de um ensino físico e cívico nas Caravanas dos Coloninhos, nas Colônias de Férias e nos Grupos de Escoteiros, e como os militares concorreram para o disciplinamento da juventude brasileira, de forma coercitiva e massiva

The victory of the Conservatives in the 1979 General Election brought a government into office which is traditionally said to pursue a programme of economic liberalism. The new government was determined to end British economic decline and the crisis of state authority by making an ideological and political break with the policy of consensus. But it was only after September 1981, when "the dries" achieved dominance in Conservative Government and the new liberal policy finally prevailed. Their goals were to reduce the role of the government in economy, to start privatization of nationalised industries and to achieve reduction in the size and scope of welfare state. This objective became an important part of Thatcher's second- and third-term economic policy. This thesis describes how the particular factors influenced the privatization programmes. The main aim is to answer the question whether the delays in privatization programmes were given by objective obstruction by Thatcher's political opponents and interest groups or whether "the dries" themselves did not support denationalization of strategic industries. The privatization is examined and brought into context of fiscal and monetary policy to unveil the role of privatization in Thatcher's economic policy. The success of privatization is limited by regulations imposed on denationalized industries and the author of this thesis puts emphasis on the description of the extent to which the members of the conservative party supported free market. The author uses a description of various privatization programmes, including related political and economical discussions, to answer these questions. The thesis includes a description of popular capitalism and a connection between foreign policy and privatization as well as the author's evaluation of privatization program.

Dans le long processus de construction du système des partis brésilien, l'incertitude persiste sur la possibilité de faire avancer le processus de nationalisation des partis. Les partis politiques brésiliens avec leurs bases organisationnelles et leurs votes électoraux sont-ils nationalisés ou régionalisés par territoire national? La thèse proposée est qu'il ya une nationalisation progressive des partis brésiliens, depuis la première expérience démocratique (1945-1964), à travers le système des deux partis de la dictature civilo-militaire (1964-1986) à la démocratie (1986-2014), ce qui réduit les effets de régionalisation caractéristique des premières phases des partis du pays. Par conséquent, l'analyse se concentrera sur un indicateur important pour mesurer le degré de nationalisation du parti, à savoir: Parti Nationalisation Score (PNS). Les données empiriques qui seront utilisées pour analyser la nationalisation du parti brésilien proviennent des statistiques électorales des partis politiques pour occuper un siège à la Chambre des représentants et dans les assemblées publiques disponibles dans la base de données de la Cour Supérieure (TSE) ou de la recherche documentaire bibliographique. Les résultats de cette thèse montrent que les partis brésiliens contemporains se situent à un haut niveau de nationalisation, se distanciant du régionalisation. / No longo processo de construção do sistema partidário brasileiro, uma incerteza ainda paira sobre a possibilidade de avanço do processo de nacionalização partidária. Por acaso estariam os partidos políticos brasileiros com suas bases organizativas e votações eleitorais nacionalizadas ou regionalizadas pelo território nacional? A tese proposta é de que há uma gradativa nacionalização dos partidos brasileiros, desde a primeira experiência democrática (1945-1964), passando pelo bipartidarismo da ditadura civil-militar (1964-1986) até a redemocratização (1986-2014), diminuindo os efeitos característicos de regionalização das primeiras fases de partidos do país. Para tanto, a análise se concentrará em um importante indicador para mensurar o grau de nacionalização partidária, qual seja: o Party Nationalization Score (PNS). Os dados empíricos que serão usados para analisar a nacionalização partidária brasileira provêm das estatísticas eleitorais dos partidos políticos para ocupação de uma cadeira na Câmara dos Deputados e nas Assembleias Estaduais disponíveis no banco de dados do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE) ou de pesquisa bibliográfica documental. Os resultados desta tese mostram que os partidos brasileiros contemporâneos estão em um patamar elevado de nacionalização distanciando-se da regionalização. / In the long process of building the Brazilian party system, uncertainty still lingers over the possibility of advancing the process of party nationalization. Are the Brazilian political parties with their organizational bases and electoral votes nationalized or regionalized by national territory? The thesis proposed is that there is a gradual nationalization of Brazilian parties, from the first democratic experience (1945-1964), through the bipartisanship of the civil-military dictatorship (1964-1986) to the re-democratization (1986-2014), reducing the effects of the characteristic regionalization of the first phases of the country's parties. To do so, the analysis will focus on an important indicator to measure the degree of party nationalization, namely: Party Nationalization Score (PNS). The empirical data that will be used to analyze the Brazilian party nationalization comes from the electoral statistics of the political parties to occupy a seat in the Chamber of Deputies and in the State Assemblies available in the database of the Superior Electoral Court (TSE) or from bibliographic documentary research. The results of this thesis show that contemporary Brazilian parties are on a high level of nationalization, distancing themselves from regionalization.

Globalization is recognized as a world-encompassing phenomenon, even as its benefits are debated. Sustainability, the capacity to maintain high standards of living through generations, is at stake. This paper examines the problems of sustainability with globalization from several perspectives. High statistical correlation between indices of globalization and environmental degradation (r2 = 0.977, p < .001) is found using multi-dimensional scaling software. The socially destabilizing, culture flattening effects of globalization are examined, and the terms ‘nationalism’ and ‘terrorism’ are defined. On the basis of its medial position among the indices of both globalization and environmental degradation, Chile is explored in a case study of the interaction. Conclusions regarding Chile’s vulnerabilities are reached, and the country’s environmental, social, and economic ‘weak spots’ are identified. The ethical positions of globalization and sustainability are considered, and the conclusion that there is very little that can be done to alter the nature of the interaction is drawn. It is suggested that globalization minimizes the prospects of success in efforts toward sustainability by maximizing vulnerabilities among sustainability’s components.

Ce mémoire de maîtrise analyse les influences transnationales qui ont mené à la nationalisation de l’électricité au Québec. En contraste avec les précédentes études sur Hydro-Québec voulant que les incitatifs locaux fussent la source exclusive de la nationalisation de l’électricité au Québec, cette recherche vient démontrer que les idées transnationales ont été tout aussi influentes. Tout au long du récit, on voit que la conjoncture politico-économique de refonte du libéralisme économique classique vers une version plus keynésienne de l’économie occidentale a été un stimulant de première importance pour la nationalisation de l’électricité au Québec. Dans le premier chapitre sont détaillées les nationalisations d’électricité de l’Ontario, de la Vallée du Tennessee et de la France, ainsi que les relations qu’elles ont eues entre elles et avec le Québec. Dans un second temps, il est démontré que l’étatisation de l’électricité en Ontario au début du XXe siècle et celle de la Vallée du Tennessee durant la crise économique des années 1930 ont été des incitatifs majeurs pour le projet menant à la nationalisation de la Montreal Light Heat & Power en 1944. Enfin, dans le troisième chapitre, ce sont les influences venant des nationalisations d’électricité étasunienne, ontarienne et française sur la nationalisation de l’ensemble des compagnies d’électricité québécoises de 1963 qui sont analysées. / This thesis explores the transnational forces that led to the nationalization of electricity in Quebec. In opposition to the traditional narrative that sees the nationalization in Quebec as a product of the local incentives, we look at the transnational ideas that were as important for the realization of the project. Throughout the text, we see that the Keynesian context that led western states to be more interventionist in the economy was a major influence on the nationalization of electricity in Quebec. In the first chapter, we detail the nationalization of electricity in Ontario, in the Tennessee Valley and in France, and the links between them and with Quebec. Secondly, we show that the nationalization of electricity in Ontario in 1906 and in the Tennessee Valley in 1933 were key for the nationalization of the Montreal Light Heat & Power in 1944. Finally, the third chapter explores how the nationalisation of electricity in Ontario, United States and France were influential on the nationalization of all the electric companies in Quebec in 1963.

The diploma thesis deals with topic of production, enterprise and consumption of "Olomoucké tvarůžky" (Olomouc cottage cheese) in a 1938-1960 period on the ground of bohemian lands, or Czechoslovakia respectively. It summarizes development of this branch up to the year 1938 and observes how it was affected by the consequences of the Munich Treaty. The thesis puts closer look at the types of state interventions in production of Olomouc cottage cheese in war and postwar time. It also observes process of socialization and subsequent nationalization of private businesses in 1950s. Then it focuses on major aspects of business in this branch and brings more detailed study of three typical entrepreneurs according to the scale of their involvement. The thesis furthermore characterizes production of Olomouc cottage cheese as an individual branch of dairy industry. It surveys number, form, regional dislocation and machinery of businesses. Then it considers amount of production of Olomouc cottage cheese, its relation to total cheese production, to type of plant and region. It deals with number, structure and position of employees in Olomouc cottage cheese businesses. It also concerns export of Olomouc cottage cheese. Last chapter inquires position of Olomouc cottage cheese in consumption habits of population...

Tomando como ponto de partida a experiência intelectual compartilhada por Fernando Henrique Cardoso e Roberto Schwarz no chamado Seminário Marx, o presente trabalho constitui um estudo a respeito das elaborações marxistas de ambos os autores a respeito das linhas de força do desenvolvimento da sociedade capitalista no Brasil a partir de sua independência. O intuito de aproximar os dois autores é destacar os pontos de convergência de suas formas de pensar, o que permitiria afirmar a existência de uma interpretação do Brasil forjada nos trabalhos de alguns dos participantes do Seminário Marx. O trabalho argumenta que a formulação da mencionada interpretação do Brasil nos trabalhos dos dois autores foi derivada de uma análise crítica do legado teórico de Karl Marx, processo o qual designamos, conforme a literatura pertinente, de nacionalização do marxismo, e de outras interpretações do Brasil precedentes, entre as quais se destacam as formuladas por Caio Prado Júnior, Antonio Candido, Florestan Fernandes e Celso Furtado. Segundo o que se buscará demonstrar, esse processo de elaboração teórica dos autores pode ser interpretado a partir da noção de crítica da ideologia. Do ponto de vista expositivo, a tese conta com duas partes: a primeira é dedicada à análise dos estudos realizados por Cardoso e Schwarz a respeito da sociedade escravocrata brasileira do século XIX; já a segunda tomo como referência as interpretações dos dois autores a respeito do processo de desenvolvimento e modernização do país no século XX, com atenção especial ao período pós-1930. / Having as a starting point the intellectual experience shared by Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Roberto Schwarz in the so-called Marx Seminar, the present work constitutes a comparative study regarding the Marxist elaborations of both authors regarding the lines of force of the development of capitalist society in Brazil since its independence. The purpose of the comparison is to highlight the points of convergence of their thinking, which would allow to affirm the existence of an \"interpretation of Brazil\" forged in the works of some of the participants of the Marx Seminar. The thesis argues that the formulation of the mentioned \"interpretation of Brazil\" in the works of the two authors was derived from a critical analysis of the theoretical legacy of Karl Marx, a process which a relevant literature calls \"nationalization of Marxism\", besides the influence of other previous \"interpretations of Brazil\", as those formulated by Caio Prado Júnior, Antonio Candido, Florestan Fernandes and Celso Furtado. Taking this in account, it will be tried to demonstrate that the process of theoretical elaboration of the authors can be interpreted from the notion of ideology critique. In formal terms the thesis has two parts: the first is dedicated to the analysis of the studies carried out by Cardoso and Schwarz on the Brazilian slave society of the 19th century; the second one is based on the interpretations of the two authors about the development and modernization of the country in the 20th century, with special attention to the post-1930 period.

The object of this work is the development of business regulation Skoda factory from 1859, representing the company's own foundation in 1946, when it was nationalized. In the context of this development work also deals with economic and social aspects that influenced the nature of this business. Research will focus on legal standards and their implementation in the Skoda factory. The analysis of most of the legislation under which developed the legal form of the company should show a benefit or adverse effect on the positive development of the company.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2017-04-19T13:42:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Débora de Lima Velho Junges_.pdf: 2121896 bytes, checksum: 8dd2c6b16aeb8c2f81a64929adaf8938 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-19T13:42:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Débora de Lima Velho Junges_.pdf: 2121896 bytes, checksum: 8dd2c6b16aeb8c2f81a64929adaf8938 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-17 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A Tese tem como objetivo analisar como a escola e, em particular, a matemática escolar, operavam como parte dos processos de subjetivação de escolares descendentes de imigrantes alemães no Rio Grande do Sul, no período da Campanha de Nacionalização. De modo mais específico, identifica, nas enunciações dos entrevistados, rituais escolares que operavam como tática de manifestação da verdade de que “os alemães são superiores” e analisa esses rituais. Discute, também, os rituais da matemática escolar nos quais a tática da manifestação da verdade operava, analisando os jogos de linguagem matemáticos que estavam presentes nesses rituais, como eram ensinados e que conhecimentos matemáticos eram transmitidos. As ferramentas teóricas do estudo estão vinculadas às teorizações de Michel Foucault e de Ludwig Wittgenstein. O material de pesquisa consiste em narrativas de sete pessoas que estudaram em escolas da imigração alemã no Rio Grande do Sul, no período da Campanha de Nacionalização. Os principais resultados da investigação apontam que o Deutschtum operava na vida dos imigrantes alemães e seus descendentes, subjetivando-os de modo a se perceberem como colonos na qual a descendência alemã era priorizada. Foram identificados três rituais escolares que operaram em favor do discurso de manutenção do Deutschtum e como uma tática de manifestação da verdade de que os alemães eram “indivíduos superiores”. Sobre a matemática escolar, constatou-se que para os familiares dos participantes da pesquisa era importante que seus filhos dominassem as regras e os jogos de linguagem da matemática escolar, para, com isso “honrar” sua descendência alemã e preservar o Deutschtum. Também foi possível identificar dois rituais da matemática escolar que operavam como forma de reforçar a manifestação da verdade de que os “alemães eram superiores”. O primeiro ritual tratou da realização de exercícios nas aulas de matemática e se observou que as listas de exercícios eram extensas e apresentavam questões que os professores esperavam/exigiam que os alunos aplicassem as mesmas regras gramaticais e os mesmos jogos de linguagem ensinados na explicação e nos exemplos apresentados, os quais eram marcados pelo formalismo e pela abstração da matemática escolar. Apropriar-se dos jogos de linguagem da matemática escolar era valorizado tanto pelos professores, quanto pelos familiares, conduzindo os escolares a considerar que saber a matemática escolar era condição necessária para que fossem identificados como “bons alemães”. O segundo ritual da matemática escolar se centrou na prática de realização de contas consideradas “difíceis”. Aqueles alunos que as realizavam corretamente eram posicionados como inteligentes e exemplos a serem seguidos; eram reconhecidos como “alemães de verdade”, uma vez que consideravam a matemática como uma disciplina de difícil aprendizagem. Esses resultados oferecem elementos que permitem inferir que, nas formas de vida da imigração alemã no Rio Grande do Sul, no período da Campanha de Nacionalização, era assumida como uma verdade que os descendentes alemães eram “indivíduos superiores”, sendo a matemática escolar utilizada para reforçar tal manifestação. / The thesis aims to analyze how the school and, in particular, the school mathematics, operated as part of the process of subjectivation of students who was descendants of German immigrants in the estate of Rio Grande do Sul (far South of Brazil) during the happening of what was called “Campaign of Nationalization”. Specifically, identifies, in the talk of respondents, school rituals which operated as a tactic of manifestation of the truth that "the Germans are superior" and analyzes these rituals. Discusses also the rituals of school mathematics in which the tactics of the manifestation of truth operated by analyzing the mathematical language games that were present in these rituals, the way they were taught and that math skills were transmitted. The theoretical tools of the study are linked to the theorizing of Michel Foucault and Ludwig Wittgenstein. The research material consists of narrations of seven people who have studied in schools of German immigration in Rio Grande do Sul, in the period of the Campaign of Nationalization. The main results of the investigation indicate that the Deutschtum operated in the lives of German immigrants and their descendants, making them to perceive themselves above all as German settlers. Were identified three school rituals that operated in favour of the maintenance of Deutschtum and as a tactic for manifestation of the truth that the Germans were "superior individuals". About the mathematics, it was found that for the families of the participants of the survey it was important that his children dominate the rules and language games of the school mathematics to "honor" their German ancestry and preserve the Deutschtum. It was also possible to identify two rituals of school mathematics which operated as a way of strengthening the manifestation of the truth that the "Germans were superior." The first ritual was about making exercise in mathematic class and was noted that the lists of exercises were extensive and proposed questions that teachers expected/required that students apply the same grammatical rules and the same language games taught in the explanation and the examples presented, which were marked by the formalism and abstraction of school mathematics. Take ownership of the school mathematics language games was valued by both the teachers and the family, leading schoolchildren to consider that knowing the school mathematics was a necessary condition to be identified as "good Germans". The second rite of school mathematics focused on practice of realization of accounts considered "difficult". Those students that answered correctly, were placed as smart and examples to be followed; they were recognized as "real Germans", once mathematics were considered as a discipline of hard learning. These results provide elements that allow to infer that, in the form of life of German immigration in Rio Grande do Sul, during the period of the Campaign of Nationalization, was assumed to be a fact that the Germans were "superior individuals", being the school mathematics used to reinforce such manifestation.

La presente tesis realiza el análisis y evaluación del uso de los depósitos aduaneros en las empresas importadoras de vehículos livianos en Lima Metropolitana mediante la aplicación de entrevistas a profundidad que evalúa la percepción de las principales empresas importadoras de vehículos livianos y los depósitos aduaneros con mayor participación en Lima Metropolitana. Estos resultados fueron empleados y codificados para mostrar la relación y diferencias de intereses en función a tres variables que permiten comprender el comportamiento en el tiempo, la capacidad de los depósitos aduaneros y la aplicación de las tarifas de los depósitos aduaneros. En el primer capítulo, exponemos el marco teórico, el cual se divide en Antecedentes, nacionales e internacionales, los cuales refieren a investigaciones científicas relacionadas al uso de depósitos aduaneros y el atractivo del comercio internacional del sector automotriz, y en bases teóricas, las cuales ayudan a comprender la evolución del comercio internacional del Perú en los últimos años y del sector automotriz hasta llegar a convertirse en un producto relevante en las importaciones del país. En ese sentido, aparece la figura de los depósitos aduaneros quienes cobran relevancia en esta investigación ya que representan a una importante herramienta comercial ya que permite almacenar vehículos en territorio nacional bajo custodia de aduanas sin tener que pagar derechos o tributos hasta su venta o nacionalización, lo cual, a su vez, contribuye al desarrollo del sector. En el segundo capítulo, se plantea la problemática, se determina el objetivo general y los objetivos específicos e Hipótesis que conducirán la investigación. En el capítulo 3, se expone las formas ejecutadas en el trabajo para comparar la percepción; así como la población y la muestra no probabilística a utilizar. Posterior a ello, en el cuarto capítulo, se codifican las respuestas recopiladas de las empresas encuestadas y se organizan en función a la relación encontrada por la herramienta atlas ti. Finalmente, se interpretan los resultados de cada pregunta, que está en función a cada objetivo específico, mediante el uso de gráficos y tablas y se presentan las conclusiones y se redacta las recomendaciones para ampliar el valor económico de la empresa. / This thesis performs the analysis and evaluation of the use of customs warehouses in light vehicle import companies in Metropolitan Lima through the application of in-depth interviews that assess the perception of the main light vehicle importers and the customs warehouses with greater participation in Metropolitan Lima. These results were used and coded to show the relationship and differences of interests according to three variables that allow understanding the behavior over time, the capacity of customs warehouses and the application of tariffs for customs warehouses. In the first chapter, we expose the theoretical framework, which is divided into Antecedents, national and international, which refer to scientific research related to the use of customs warehouses and the attraction of international trade in the automotive sector, and on theoretical bases, which help to understand the evolution of international trade in Peru in recent years and the automotive sector to become a relevant product in the country's imports. In this sense, the figure of customs warehouses appears, which become relevant in this investigation since they represent an important commercial tool since it allows to store vehicles in national territory under customs custody without having to pay duties or taxes until their sale or nationalization, which, in turn, contributes to the development of the sector. In the second chapter, the problem is posed, the general objective and the specific objectives and hypotheses that will guide the investigation are determined. In the third chapter, the methods used in the investigation to evaluate the perception are presented; as well as the population and the non-probabilistic sample to be used. After that, in the fourth chapter, the responses collected from the surveyed companies are coded and organized according to the relationship found by the atlas ti tool. Finally, the results of each question are interpreted, which is in function of each specific objective, through the use of graphs and tables and the conclusions are presented and recommendations are made to extend the economic value of the company. / Tesis