La Philosophie est depuis toujours une posture sui generis devant la réalité, une manière spécifique de comprendre le réel ; et l’attitude philosophique est celle de l’insatisfaction devant les données présentes faisant que la recherche constante, pour dévoiler ce qu’est au tour de nous, soit la caractéristique la plus remarquable de la propre Philosophie.L’inconfort intellectuel qui, d’ailleurs anime tout le parcours de l’évolution de la pensée, d’abord, liée à la recherche de moyens pour faire face au milieu de l’homme en tant que vivant, caractérise toujours la nature humaine.En discutant sur les cultures et les technologies de l’information et de la communication, nous croyons nous introduire à l’un des problèmes fondamentalement humains, en ce sens que nous cherchons par-là comprendre dans quelle mesure nous pouvons traiter tels acquis de l’humanité qui sont universels, mais, qui, dans la pratique, se conçoivent dans la singularité des peuples. D’ailleurs, s’il est vrai que l’homme a cette caractéristique de ne pas se laisser dresser par le milieu, mais, au contraire de le dominer, il est également vrai que les milieux sont divers et, dans ces diversités, les hommes essayent des manières diverses à transformer ces milieux. Comment alors traiter ces diversités ? Quelle place devons-nous accorder aux expériences cachées dans les logiques de vie, de l’ensemble des valeurs qui ne sont pas forcément du domaine de la connaissance universelle ? Mais, également, avec quelle légitimité les expériences non cachées doivent s’imposer dans l’univers des cultures ?C’est dans cette problématique que nous essayons de proposer la présente réflexion, en faisant intervenir les technologies de l’information et de la communication dans leurs diverses acceptions.En effet, l’histoire témoigne que les rapports humains ne sont pas toujours dans la perspective de rapprochement des cultures, et beaucoup d’acquis des hommes ont été conçus comme des conditions pour justifier les guerres, les dominations et les divisions entre les hommes. Cette réalité fait qu’en même temps on voit, actuellement, les technologies de l’information et de la communication comme un outil à l’échelle planétaire, on puisse s’inquiéter grandement par sa prise paradigmatique dans la question du développement qui, comme nous le démontrons, exige d’autres interventions et attentions que celles des technologies de l’information et de la communication mêmes.En pensant à la possibilité de la contribution des technologies de l’information et de la communication dans le souci du développement, mais en constatant par ailleurs que l’analphabétisme rend presque impossible l’appropriation de celles-ci, nous croyons que tout passe par une reconstitution et reconsidération des pratiques spécifiques des personnes, en particulier l’agriculture, comme moyens pour faire face à leurs milieux.Nous revenons, de cette façon à la question de la technique (en considérant la technologie comme état perfectionné de celle-ci) et à la nécessité d’accorder la place à la pensée technique qui rend possible le fait que tout l’homme dans ses conditions spécifiques, ne puisse pas être un simples produit de son milieu. / Since ancient times, Philosophy is a posture sui generis in front of reality, a specific manner of understanding reality: the philosophical attitude is characterized by permanent dissatisfaction regarding to available data. It is this dissatisfaction that turns permanent research, which is designed to find out what is around us, into the most remarkable characteristic of Philosophy.The uncomfortable reasoning, which accompanies the evolution of philosophical thought characterized by permanent searching of ways of dealing with the challenges of the environment in which human beings live, is the main trait of human nature. By examining cultures and information and communication technologies, we believe we are introducing ourselves to one of the really typical human problem, in the sense that we are seeking to find out how we can examine these universal assets of the humanity, but which are, in practice, shaped in the singularity of the people. Moreover, while it is true that the human beings share this characteristic of not enabling the environment to defeat them, but they do whatever they can to dominate it, it is also true that environments are varied and, within this diversity, the human beings test several manners of dealing with different environments. How, then, can this diversity be examined? What role do we attribute to the set of experiences hidden under these life patterns, that is to say, the set of values that do not belong to universal knowledge? With which legitimacy the experiences not hidden should impose themselves upon the universe of cultures?It is within this context that we propose the current analysis, which is based in different acceptations of ICT. As a matter of fact, history demonstrates that human relationships do not always tend to approach different cultures, and that several human deeds were conceived as conditions to justify wars, domination and division among human beings. This fact leads us to a double position: while we keep on regarding ICT as powerful worldwide tools, we start being worried about the fact that ICT are being given a paradigm status in the issue of development, which, as we well demonstrate later, requires other interventions and attentions different from ICT’s.When thinking of the possibility of ICT’s contribution to the issue of development, and when realizing that illiteracy doesn’t enable them to be mastered, we think what has to be done is a reconstitution and reconsideration of peoples’ specific practices, in particular agricultural activities, as a way of dealing with environmental challenges. We are, in this way, back to the issue of technique – conceiving technology as a perfect state of technique – and to the need of attributing a specific role to the technical thought, which enables every human being, in specific conditions, to not just be a simple product of the environment.

This thesis investigates and discusses the current design approaches and development trends of urban streets in China. As the methodological focus, multiple case studies and interviews are used to examine actual street design practice to identify the development policy bias of local governments. Since the 1990s, the great economic achievement in most Chinese cities has evoked significant growth in the number of automobiles, as well as the increasingly serious problems of road casualties and congestion. The traffic-engineering-based design approach which used to be widely adopted and implemented in western countries has dominated the development patterns of urban streets in modern China. The conventional paradigm exclusively focuses on the traffic function in urban streets resulting in morphological changes to the urban circulation environment and keeps on neglecting non-vehicular movement and non-traffic needs. The automobile- dominated urban circulation environment has had negative economic, social and public health impacts. Thus, a paradigm shift which calls for a more inclusive design approach for urban streets which balances functions of place and movement is urgently needed in China. To determine the challenges and opportunities for the new paradigm, this research identifies the cultural, political and technical factors for the traffic-centred design trends and the policy bias. Based on this, policy recommendations and an agenda for revolutionary change for achieving better design practice for urban streets in post-modern China are suggested.

The present experiment is designed to test certain hypotheses made concerning the nature of conditioning in a verbal operant paradigm, and the relationship of such conditioning with awareness of contingencies.

Submitted by Haroudo Xavier Filho (haroudo.xavierfo@ufpe.br) on 2016-04-18T19:08:02Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação finalizada - André Carvalho de Moura.pdf: 1708748 bytes, checksum: ada1eaf485165eb90a708c40a3d5919c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-18T19:08:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação finalizada - André Carvalho de Moura.pdf: 1708748 bytes, checksum: ada1eaf485165eb90a708c40a3d5919c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-25 / FACEPE / Esta dissertação irá tratar de um enunciado político singular, que comporta uma racionalidade litigiosa e que arrisca escapar ao cômputo dos ordenamentos de poder. Sua capacidade de atravessar diversas estruturas e unidades permite uma análise a partir de um corpus estético-fotográfico: um conjunto de fotografias digitais heterogêneas, extraídas contemporaneamente de Vitória de Santo Antão, mas referentes a uma mesma fórmula pathos chamada Tentações de Santo Antão – uma alusão à alegoria de Antão Abade, asceta dos primeiros séculos da cristandade e padroeiro da cidade. A configuração de uma fórmula patética, que encerre essas imagens variadas, segue o carro daquilo que Giorgio Agamben estabeleceu enquanto método: arqueologia paradigmática, uma forma de conhecimento nem indutiva e nem dedutiva, mas analógica, que se move de singularidade a singularidade. O objetivo é elaborar uma construção metodológica e analítica – a partir da aproximação teórica de autores como Didi-Huberman, Jacques Rancière, Aby Warburg, Michel Foucault e o próprio Agamben –, que exponha a dinâmica dos saberes visuais daquele saber político distinto. Assim, esta pesquisa pretende investigar se as imagens aqui expressas, nos termos de um paradigma visual, podem produzir reflexões sobre uma ação possível fora dos aparatos do poder, nesta cidade tão longamente assenhorada por oligarquias. De fato, nos limites de suas temporalidades, o estatuto lacunar das imagens possibilita ao pesquisador um fecundo lugar de investigação. / This paper will deal with a singular political statement, which includes a litigious rationality and risks escape the calculation of power order. Its ability to cross various structures and units allows an analysis from an aesthetic-photographic corpus: a set of heterogeneous digital photographs, extracted in the contemporaneity of the country city Vitória de Santo Antão in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil, but also referring to the same pathos formula so called Temptations of St. Anthony – an allusion the allegory of Anthony the Abbot, ascetic of the first centuries of Christianity and patron of the city. The set of a pathetic formula, which shuts down these different images, follows what Giorgio Agamben established as a method: paradigmatic archeology, a kind of knowledge nor inductive or deductive but analog, which moves from uniqueness to uniqueness. The goal is to develop a methodological and analytical construction – from the theoretical approach of authors such as Didi-Huberman, Jacques Rancière, Aby Warburg, Michel Foucault and Agamben himself – that exposes the dynamics of a plural visual knowledge of that distinct political statement. Thus, this research aims to investigate whether the images here expressed in terms of a visual paradigm, can produce reflections on a possible action out of the apparatuses of power in this city so long oppressive dominated by landlords oligarchies. In fact, within the limits of its temporalities, the incomplete status of the images allows to the researcher a fruitful research place.

Orientador: Afira Vianna Ripper / Tese (Doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-20T09:11:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Guinle_MariaHelenadeMeloFlores_D.pdf: 4873128 bytes, checksum: 4e9529de1c95ef3e99b43154fe33b6c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1995 / Resumo: No "diálogo" que se estabelece entre o aprendiz e sua leitura da linguagem computacional Logo, entre o aprendiz e a leitura que o facilitador faz da linguagem Logo, foram investigados os conceitos do Logo que suscitam zonas de imprecisão tais como ambiguidades, metáforas inadequadas, falhas conceituais. Nesse intercambio entre linguagem natural e linguagem artificial, o presente trabalho evidenciou: - que o discurso pontuado de imprecisões abriu caminho a um '"vir a conhecer" idéias poderosas pouco exploradas pelo paradigma "escolar" do conhecimento - que essa tendência a se criar uma via distinta do paradigma escolar, não se sustenta fora de uma prática regular de se depurar as imprecisões nas suas diferentes facetas / Doutorado / Psicologia Educacional / Doutor em Educação

Advanced computer technologies can transform the traditional electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring system for better efficiency and accuracy. ECG records a heart's electrical activity using electrodes placed on the skin, and it has become an essential tool for arrhythmia detection. The complexity comes from the variety of patients' heartbeats and massive amounts of information for humans to process correctly. The first part of the thesis presents an image based two-dimensional convolution neural network (CNN) to classify the arrhythmia heartbeats with inter-patient paradigm. It includes a new data pre-processing method. The inter-patient paradigm simulates the practical use case of an ECG heartbeat classifier. Compared to the reported work in the literature, the proposed solution achieves superior experiment results. The rest of the thesis introduces the remote ECG monitoring system. The RESTful API design concepts of the system are described. The proposed API supports an efficient and secure way of interaction between each module in this remote monitoring system. / Graduate

Competition policy is meant to ensure a level-playing in the market, but its ultimate goal is to enhance consumer interests. The telecommunications sector is one of the two sectors that have set up a competition policy in Hong Kong. This paper examines the current competition policy framework in the telecommunications sector by analyzing the level of consumer protection using the Structure-Conduct-Performance Paradigm. It examines in detail the consumer related complaint cases received by the Office of the Telecommunications Authority in four markets: fixed line telephone services, mobile phone services, International Direct Dialing services, and Internet services. Regression analysis results reveal that more competition in a market has a positive and significant effect on the frequency of complaints about misleading or deceptive conduct on the part of operators in the period from 1999 to 2006. Also, smaller and newer operators tend to receive more complaints. From the lessons we have drawn from the telecommunications sector, a more comprehensive policy coped with consumer protection regulation is needed in order to better promote consumer interests in Hong Kong.

Drilled foundations are often considered to be a standard method of installation of steel core piles and similar foundation components in sensitive environments such as urban areas where other common technologies such as stranding or diging cannot be applied. Much research has been made in the area of how the piles interact in the clay. BESAB, who are specialists within underpinning, have observed that it takes time for a house to settle after an underpinning. There are uncertainties when it comes to how the house adapts to an underpinning. During interviews experts have given many different possible explanations but it seems to be a lack of knowledge in the area. All agree that it takes a couple of years for a house to adapt to an underpinning. The recommendation is to wait at least 2 years before proceed with the work in the house. In the project that has been studied in this research, precision leveling points have been measured 2-3 times a week to monitor the settlements throughout the project. The measurements have shown a greater settlement on the street level than in the basement, 2 floors down from the street level during the same amount of time which lead to the question: What are the effects of underpinning in a house? The major reason for that settlement has occurred in the area is that the foundation, consisting of wooden piles, has lost its carrying capacity due to the lowered ground water level. During underpinning the house is mostly affected by dynamic forces. The structure gets temporary weakened when holes are made in walls for beams and drilling is made in already sensitive foundation. The fixated parts of the structure, where the load transferring elements are already installed between the pile and the structure, can get locally loaded when drilling is made in adjacent areas. After underpinning the house with its weight is settling on the piles. The house has to adapt to a new mode of action. This can be done either by just leaving the house and wait for the piles to take load and get compressed or by pre-load the piles with the expected final load of the house to avoid the time for the compression of the piles. The greatest risk linked to this phenomenon is that new cracks can occur due to post settlements and in worst case in an elevator shaft or in the water proofing in bathrooms or kitchen. If renovation work starts before the house have stopped settle than the risk is big that cracks will occur in the newly renovated areas resulting in that the renovation have to be re-done. 4 Effective communication is essential to assess risks involved with an underpinning and to avoid tensions between actors involved in an underpinning project if damage due to post settlement will occur. The problem investigated in this report is translated in to Kuhn’s theory on science the beginning of the crisis. Further research is required to develop the empirics in to theory. Accurate measurements must be collected and these must be processed in mathematical statistics. Models must be built and existing theories within structural- and geotechnical engineering must be studied in further depth to be able to state a new paradigm in this area.

All human communication is narrative in nature (Fisher, 1987) and should adhere to narrative rationality and value-laden idealistic-moralistic or materialistic Master Analogues to be accepted by audiences (Fisher, 1985). This study examined the persuasive nature of the visual narratives presented by the 2020 presidential candidate’s official Facebook posts as well as examine how the candidates’ rhetorical visions create referential points in constructing the viewers’ own identities as supporters (Messaris, 1997). As Foss, Foss, & Trapp (2002) contend, “a basic function of the media is the creation of representations or simulations – reproduced versions of reality” (p. 313). The version of reality being presented on each candidate’s official Facebook page creates narratives as means of influence and cultivating group identity.

Advances in brain science and computer technology in the past decade have led to exciting developments in brain-computer interface (BCI), thereby making BCI a top research area in applied science. The renaissance of BCI opens new methods of neurorehabilitation for physically disabled people (e.g. paralyzed patients and amputees) and patients with brain injuries (e.g. stroke patients). Recent technological advances such as wireless recording, machine learning analysis, and real-time temporal resolution have increased interest in electroencephalographic (EEG) based BCI approaches. Many BCI studies have focused on decoding EEG signals associated with whole-body kinematics/kinetics, motor imagery, and various senses. Thus, there is a need to understand the various experimental paradigms used in EEG-based BCI systems. Moreover, given that there are many available options, it is essential to choose the most appropriate BCI application to properly manipulate a neuroprosthetic or neurorehabilitation device. The current review evaluates EEG-based BCI paradigms regarding their advantages and disadvantages from a variety of perspectives. For each paradigm, various EEG decoding algorithms and classification methods are evaluated. The applications of these paradigms with targeted patients are summarized. Finally, potential problems with EEG-based BCI systems are discussed, and possible solutions are proposed.