Forskning kring stressrelaterad ohälsa är vanligt förekommande idag, speciellt kring arbetsrelaterad stress och utmattning. Dock är forskning om återgång i arbete efter utmattning bland läkare tämligen begränsad. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur läkare som har varit sjukskrivna i utmattning upplever återgången i arbetet, samt vilka faktorer som underlättat eller försvårat återgången. 12 läkare intervjuades med hjälp av en semistrukturerad intervjuguide. Den tematiska analysen av faktorer som underlättade återgången identifierade fem teman, vilka var rehabiliteringsplan från organisationen, socialt stöd från chefen, byte av arbetsplats, tydliga gränser och socialt stöd från anhöriga och kollegor. Den tematiska analysen av faktorer som försvårade återgången identifierade 4 teman, vilka var ansvarsförskjutning av rehabiliteringsplan, frånvarande chefskap, skam och skuld, och kollegialt utanförskap. Viktigast för en lyckad återgång var en anpassad rehabiliteringsplan med en närvarande närmaste chef.

No description available.

Businesses that actively engage in integrated internal communication practices should theoretically be more likely to foster employee engagement during change management interventions. Competitive forces and a dynamic business environment compel most organisations to continuously review the relevance of their current business operating model. As a result, organisations develop new strategies or revise existing ones. Part of the change management process of executing a strategy is the ability to communicate it to employees, in a manner that ensures alignment between strategy and employee. The communication process therefore must seek to effect behavioural changes among its recipients. This paper investigates the practices of a business unit of an organisation in the financial services sector which has recently undertaken an extensive strategic communication exercise. Through a series of survey questions and interviews, the research seeks an answer to the question of whether integrated internal communication initiatives are effective in changing employee behaviour. Furthermore, the report investigates the forces that either inhibit or promote internal communication; and engages communication practitioners to determine whether return on investment metrics are implemented that link internal communication initiatives to financial performance. Results from the research revealed that strategic communication does have the capacity to affect employee engagement, but if left unchecked, factors such as language, distance and education have the capacity to inhibit effective communication initiatives. Furthermore, the absence of financial metrics and indicators related to the strategic communication initiative render it improbable to determine a return on investment for the internal communication initiative. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

The purpose of sustainability reports is to represent the progress of a company’s sustainability effort and status to stakeholders. There is a need for stakeholders to benchmark sustainability performance of companies. The objective of this research was to find evidence that the GRI Application Level used in the ranking GRI compliant sustainability reports, is an indicator of financial performance for companies trading on the JSE in South Africa.The results will show that there is no evidence to show that the GRI Applications Level is an indicator of financial performance. The consequence of this evidence is that the lack of adequate benchmark standards can de-motivate companies to strive for higher sustainability performance. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

Most initial public offerings (IPOs) feature share lockup agreements, which prohibit insiders from selling their shares for a specified period of time following the IPO. However, some IPO firms agree to have a much longer lockup period than other IPO firms, and some are willing to lockup a much larger proportion of shares. Thus, the primary research question for this study is: "What are the reasons for the divergence of the lockup agreements?" The two main hypotheses that this dissertation investigates are the signaling hypothesis based on information asymmetry, and the commitment hypothesis based on agency theory. This study uses methods that have not been applied by previous studies in the literature relating to IPO lockups. First, I directly use IPO firms operating performance as a proxy for firm quality. The results show neither a negative nor a strong positive relationship between lockup length and firm operating performance. Thus, based on operating performance, the evidence does not support the agency hypothesis while showing weak support for the signaling hypothesis. I then examine the long-run returns for IPO firms with different lockup lengths. I find that firms with short lockup lengths have much better long-run returns than firms with long lockup lengths. Therefore, the results reject the signaling hypothesis while supporting the agency hypothesis. This dissertation further contributes to the IPO long-run underperformance literature by showing that firms with a high agency problem have much worse long-run returns than those with a low agency problem. Finally, I investigate the short-term stock returns around lockup expiry. Generally, I find that firms with short lockup periods experience better stock returns around lockup expiry than firms with long lockup periods, though the returns are not significantly different from one another. Overall, I conclude that the results reject the signaling hypothesis while partially supporting the agency hypothesis. In addition, I show that firms with high agency problems have much worse stock returns than those with low agency problems around lockup expiry, even though the agency variable is not significant in the regression analysis.

Building Information Modeling (BIM) or Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) recently has been regarded as crucial by the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry. The use of BIM/VDC represents the creation and use of a three-dimensional (3D) virtual model that amplifies the design, construction, and operation of a building. This technological improvement fundamentally changes the process of how the buildings are designed and constructed. However, the approach to the use of advanced technology in the AEC industry does not seem to be welcomed by the majority of the industry regarding high initial cost of implementation. This study presents data gathered from meetings, interviews and a case study which was a construction project run in Sweden to determine the savings implementing BIM/VDC and to reveal the return on investment (ROI) from a general contractor (GC) perspective. The potential savings to the GC to invest in BIM/VDC were estimated based on the PENG model, measurable cost benefits associated with reduced schedule overruns and reduced change order cost. This thesis confirmed that BIM/VDC results in vast savings and positive impacts on ROI based on the results from the case study which deployed it successfully.

Abstract Background: Soccer includes quick turns, jumps and decelerations, which entails an increased risk of injury. Women are exposed to more long-term injuries than men. Physiotherapists who work with injury management and return to play need to take account factors from a biopsychosocial perspective. Purpose: The aim of this study is to explore physiotherapist's experiences of working with injury management and returning to play in Damallsvenskan, after common injuries in soccer. Method: A descriptive qualitative study based on five semi-structured interviews was applied. The content of the interviews was analyzed with qualitative content analysis. Results: The results show that physiotherapist´s in Damallsvenskan experience that good communication between affected parties facilitates the work with injury management. The work includes considering risks, working with mental barriers and helping the player to be physically ready for recovery by treating the damaged tissue. Physiotherapists experience that different resources affect injury management. Conclusion: The physiotherapists describe how an important part of the work is to help the player to become physically ready for recovery by treating the tissue and working with mental barriers. Good communication facilitates cooperation within the team. The pressure to get players ready for a match in a short time includes considerations of risks, which is affected by work experience. Physiotherapists in Damallsvenskan experience that resources affect injury management. Furthermore, quantitative research should focus on whether an increased presence of physiotherapists in Damallsvenskan can reduce the risk of players injuring themselves again. / Sammanfattning Bakgrund: Fotboll inkluderar snabba vändningar, hopp och inbromsningar, vilket medför en ökad risk för skador. Kvinnor utsätts för mer långvariga skador än män. Fysioterapeuter som arbetar med skadehantering och återgång till spel behöver ta hänsyn till faktorer ur ett biopsykosocialt perspektiv.  Syfte: Syftet med studien är att belysa fysioterapeuters upplevelser och erfarenheter av att arbeta med skadehantering och återgång till spel i Damallsvenskan, efter vanligt förekommande skador i fotboll. Metod: Studien är en deskriptiv kvalitativ studie baserad på fem semistrukturerade intervjuer. Innehållet i intervjuerna analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Resultatet visar att fysioterapeuter i Damallsvenskan upplever att en god kommunikation mellan berörda parter underlättar arbetet med skadehantering. Arbetet inkluderar övervägande av risker, arbete med mentala hinder och hjälpa spelaren att bli kroppsligt redo för återgång, genom att behandla den skadade vävnaden. Fysioterapeuterna upplever att olika resurser påverkar skadehanteringen.  Konklusion: Fysioterapeuterna beskriver hur en viktig del av arbetet är hjälpa spelaren att bli kroppsligt redo för återgång genom att behandla vävnaden och arbeta med mentala hinder. En god kommunikation underlättar samarbetet inom teamet. Pressen att få spelare matchklara på kort tid inkluderar överväganden av risker, vilket påverkas av arbetslivserfarenhet. Fysioterapeuter i Damallsvenskan upplever att resurser påverkar skadehanteringen. Vidare bör kvantitativ forskning fokusera på om en ökad närvaro av fysioterapeuter i Damallsvenskan kan minska risken för spelare att åter skada sig.

Athletes participating in ice hockey are at a high risk of experiencing a concussion which can lead to impairments in cognitive functions. Deciding when a player can be returned to playing ice hockey is part of the concussion management called return to play (RTP). This can bebased on subjective or objective measures. Returning a concussed hockey player too soon can result in devastating consequences. This review aimed to investigate what objective measure could be used to assess a concussed player. It specifically focused on Immediate Post Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Test (ImPACT) and a cognitive motor integration (CMI) performance task. It was hypothesized that by combining the two could contribute to an optimal objective assessment and be used as accurate indicators in the RTP decision. This review involved searches from PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science which resulted in a total of four articles. The amount of articles was a big limitation. Main findings are that concussed participants showed decreased cognitive performance relative to baseline despite subjectively reporting being symptom free. Findings in this review suggest that adding a CMI performance task to the ImPACT test battery could be a way to objectively catch several composites incognitive recovery including tasks that require higher levels of cognitive functioning. Administering an assessment based on two objective measures could add accuracy and contribute to a safe RTP not risking a second impact syndrome or prolonged cognitive impairments.

Concussion is a popular clinical topic that has been the subject of unprecedented recent media coverage. As concerns about the potential short- and long-term implications of repetitive head injury in sports such as football continue to mount, the proper clinical management of concussion seems to increase in importance. The days of ignoring the ''ding'' on the sideline are definitely over. A series of updated clinical evaluation and management recommendations from international experts are highlighted in this review. The clinical presentation of an acute concussion, both the typical and more subtle variations, may be evaluated with new validated sideline evaluation tools (eg, Sports Concussion Assessment Tool 2). In addition, the role of computerized neuropsychological and balance testing in the acute and ongoing evaluation are discussed, along with how they contribute to the return-to-play decision. Same-day return to play is outdated, and the relative insensitivity of current neuroimaging modalities to demonstrate structural damage is highlighted. New therapeutic interventions such as amantadine and cognitive rest may improve recovery time. The appropriate management of concussion typically results in a normal functional and neurocognitive outcome. The recommendations in this article may guide clinicians, with varying degrees of prior experience managing concussion, to increase the likelihood of an excellent outcome.

The formation of human capital is the main issue in this dissertation. More specifically, this dissertation discusses two alternative types of transferring human capital, in contrast to the transfer of human capital from parents to their children's education. These two types of transfer are sibling effect and neighborhood effect on children's education. Chapter 1 discusses the sibling effect on children's education, "Household Models and Formations of Human Capital with Sibling Effect in Iran." The neighborhood effect on children's education will be discussed in Chapter 2, "Intergenerational Transfer of Human Capital from Parents to Children: Does Neighborhood Matter?" Chapter 3 measures and describes the rate of return on human capital in Taiwan, "Rate of Return on Education by Using Sibling Data from Taiwan." My empirical results show the following findings. First, the presence of older sisters increases younger sisters' and brothers' education. After controlling the resource contribution factor, the empirical result suggests that a role model effect exists between daughters -- the education of older sisters benefits younger sisters in Iran. Second, assuming that the unobserved parent's preference on children's education is not correlated to the unobserved parent's preference on neighborhood, our results suggest that choosing a "good" neighborhood is important for children's education in Iran. Third, the results suggest that in 1990 data from Taiwan, upward bias in the rate of return on schooling due to the omission of family background factors is significant. / Ph. D.