Nano-scale machining, or Nanomachining is a hybrid process in which the total thermal energy necessary to remove atoms from a work-piece surface is applied from external sources. In the current study, the total thermal energy necessary to remove atoms from a work-piece surface is applied from two sources: (1) localized energy from a laser beam focused to a micron-scale spot to preheat the work-piece, and (2) a high-precision electron-beam emitted from the tips of carbon nano-tubes to remove material via evaporation/sublimation. Macro-to-nano scale heat transfer models are discussed for understanding their capability to capture and its application to predict the transient heat transfer mechanism required for nano-machining. In this case, thermal transport mechanism during nano-scale machining involves both phonons (lattice vibrations) and electrons; it is modeled using a parabolic two-step (PTS) model, which accounts for the time lag between these energy carriers. A numerical algorithm is developed for the solution of the PTS model based on explicit and implicit finite-difference methods. Since numerical solution for simulation of nanomachining involves high computational cost in terms of wall clock time consumed, performance comparison over a wide range of numerical techniques has been done to devise an efficient numerical solution procedure. Gauss-Seidel (GS), successive over relaxation (SOR), conjugate gradient (CG), d -form Douglas-Gunn time splitting, and other methods have been used to compare the computational cost involved in these methods. Use of the Douglas-Gunn time splitting in the solution of 3D time-dependent heat transport equations appears to be optimal especially as problem size (number of spatial grid points and/or required number of time steps) becomes large. Parallel computing is implemented to further reduce the wall clock time required for the complete simulation of nanomachining process. Domain decomposition with inter-processor communication using Message Passing Interface (MPI) libraries is adapted for parallel computing. Performance tuning has been implemented for efficient parallelization by overlapping communication with computation. Numerical solution for laser source and electron-beam source with different Gaussian distribution are presented. Performance of the parallel code is tested on four distinct computer cluster architecture. Results obtained for laser source agree well with available experimental data in the literature. The results for electron-beam source are self-consistent; nevertheless, they need to be validated experimentally.

Materials and device concepts for renewable solar hydrogen production, and size dependent properties of ZnO quantum dots are the two main themes of this thesis. ZnO particles with diameters less than 10 nm, which are small enough for electronic quantum confinement, were synthesized by hydrolysis in alkaline zinc acetate solutions. Properties investigated include: the band gap - particle size relation, phonon quantum confinement, visible and UV-fluorescence as well as photocatalytic performance. In order to determine the absolute energetic position of the band edges and the position of trap levels involved in the visible fluorescence, methods based on combining linear sweep voltammetry and optical measurements were developed. The large band gap of ZnO prevents absorption of visible light, and in order to construct devices capable of utilizing a larger part of the solar spectrum, other materials were also investigated, like hematite , Fe2O3, and CIGS, CuIn1-xGaxSe2. The optical properties of hematite were investigated as a function of film thickness on films deposited by ALD. For films thinner than 20 nm, a blue shift was observed for both the absorption maximum, the indirect band gap as well as for the direct transitions. The probability for the indirect transition decreased substantially for thinner films due to a suppressed photon/phonon coupling. These effects decrease the visible absorption for films thin enough for effective charge transport in photocatalytic applications. CIGS was demonstrated to be a highly interesting material for solar hydrogen production. CIGS based photocathodes demonstrated high photocurrents for the hydrogen evolution half reaction. The electrode stability was problematic, but was solved by introducing a modular approach based on spatial separation of the basic functionalities in the device. To construct devices capable of driving the full reaction, the possibility to use cells interconnected in series as an alternative to tandem devices were investigated. A stable, monolithic device based on three CIGS cells interconnected in series, reaching beyond 10 % STH-efficiency, was finally demonstrated. With experimental support from the CIGS-devices, the entire process of solar hydrogen production was reviewed with respect to the underlying physical processes, with special focus on the similarities and differences between various device concepts.

The aim of this study is to develop a code that is capable of solving three-dimensional compressible flows which are viscous and turbulent, and parallelization of this code. Purpose of parallelization is to obtain a computational efficiency in time respect which enables the solution of complex flow problems in reasonable computational times. In the first part of the study, which is the development of a three-dimensional Navier-Stokes solver for turbulent flows, first step is to develop a two-dimensional Euler code using Roe flux difference splitting method. This is followed by addition of sub programs involving calculation of viscous fluxes. Third step involves implementation of Baldwin-Lomax turbulence model to the code. Finally, the Euler code is generalized to three-dimensions. At every step, code validation is done by comparing numerical results with theoretical, experimental or other numerical results, and adequate consistency between these results is obtained. In the second part, which is the parallelization of the developed code, two-dimensional code is parallelized by using Message Passing Interface (MPI), and important improvements in computational times are obtained.

The common profiled steel cladding systems used in Australia and its neighboring countries are made of very thin (0.42 mm) high strength steel (G550 with a minimum yield stress of 550 MPa) and are crest-fixed. However, these claddings often suffer from local pull-through failures at their screw connections during high wind events such as storms and cyclones. Past experience and researches have shown that the loss of steel roofs has often occurred due to local pull-through failures of their screw connections under uplift or suction loading. Loss of claddings always led to a progressive collapse of the entire building. This situation is continuing because of the lower priority given to the design of roof and wall cladding systems. At present, steel design codes do not provide guidelines for the design of crest-fixed steel roof or wall claddings. Past research has shown that European and American recommendations for steel claddings cannot be used for Australian crest-fixed cladding systems as they were developed mainly for valley-fixed claddings subjected to gravity loading instead of crest-fixed claddings subjected to wind uplift/suction loading. Therefore at present the design of thin steel cladding systems is based on laboratory tests and is expensive. These situations inhibit the innovative design and advances in the steel cladding industry. Since the local pull-through failures in the less ductile G550 steel claddings are initiated by transverse splitting at the fastener hole, analytical studies have not been able to determine the pull-through failure loads accurately. Therefore in the first stage of this research an appropriate fracture/splitting criterion was developed using a series of large scale and small scale experiments of crest-fixed steel claddings. A shell finite element model of crest-fixed steel cladding was then developed that included the new fracture/splitting criterion and advanced features such as hyperelastic material modelling, contact simulations, residual stresses and geometric imperfections. The improved finite element analyses were able to model the pull-through failures associated with splitting as evident from the comparison of their results with the corresponding full-scale experimental results. An extensive series of parametric studies considering the effects of material properties and geometric parameters of the two commonly used trapezoidal cladding profiles was undertaken using finite element analysis. Appropriate design formulae for the pull-through and dimpling failure load of trapezoidal profiles were then derived for optimization purposes and to simplify the current design method. This will then lead to modification and optimisation of cladding profiles to satisfy the requirements of both strength (safety during cyclones and storms) and economy. This thesis presents the details of large scale experimental studies undertaken and the results including the criterion for the splitting/fracture failure of high strength steel cladding systems. It describes the many advances made in the finite element modelling of crest-fixed steel cladding systems including the effects of localised pull-through and dimpling failures. Finally, it presents a simple design method for trapezoidal steel cladding systems under wind uplift or suction loading.

This thesis studies numerical methods for integrating the master equations describing Markov chain models of cardiac ion channels. Such models describe the time evolution of the probability that ion channels are in a particular state. Numerical simulations of such models are often computationally demanding because many solvers require relatively small time steps to ensure numerical stability. The aim of this project is to analyse selected Markov chains and develop more efficient and accurate solvers. We separate a Markov chain model into fast and slow time-scales based on the speed of transitions between states. Eliminating the fast transitions, we find an asymptotic reduction of zeroth-order and first-order in a small parameter describing the time-scales separation. We apply the theory to a Markov chain model of the fast sodium channel INa. We consider several variants for classifying some transitions as fast in order to find reduced systems that yield a good accuracy. However, the time step size is still restricted by numerical instabilities. We adapt the Rush-Larsen technique originally developed for gate models. Assuming that a transition matrix can be considered constant during each time step, we solve the Markov chain model analytically. The solution provides a recipe for a stable exponential solver, which we call "Matrix Rush-Larsen" (MRL). Using operator splitting we design an even more flexible "hybrid" method that combines the MRL with other solvers. The resulting improvement in stability allows a large increase in the time step size. In some models, we obtain reasonably accurate results 27 times faster using a hybrid method than with the forward Euler method, even with the maximal time step allowed by the stability constraint. Finally, we extend the cardiac simulation package BeatBox by the developed exponential solvers. We upgrade a format of "ionic" modules which describe a cardiac cell, in order to allow for a specific definition of Markov chain models. We also modify a particular integrator for ionic modules to include the MRL and the hybrid method. To test the functionality of the code, we have converted a number of cellular models into the ionic format. The documented code is available in the official BeatBox package distribution.

Le but de ce travail était l’analyse de la capacité de carbure de silicium cubique à servir de matériau d’anode pour le fractionnement de l’eau photo-électrochimique direct. Les données récoltées (principalement la spectroscopie photo-électronique, électrochimie, Raman et spectroscopie UV-Vis) permettaient de ramener la faible efficacité de carbure de silicium cubique dopé n pour le dégagement d’oxygéne à des problèmes fondamentaux.Principalement le courant photoélectrique réalisable est limité par le flux des trous générés par photo à la surface de semi-conducteur. Comme carbure de silicium cubique est un semi-conducteur indirect, le faible coefficient d’absorption en combinaison avec une dotation élevée et une petite longueur de diffusion de trou ont été déterminés comme les facteurs limitant. Un film épitaxial additionnel de carbure de silicium n-cubique a entraîné une augmentation signifiante du courant photoélectrique maximal.La tension photoélectrique réalisable et les pertes dues aux recombinaisons dépendent principalement des propriétés de surface. L’utilisation des minces couches de catalyseur s’est révélé prometteur pour améliorer les deux propriétés même si cette technique a besoin d'optimisation parce que des états défectueux à l’interface limitent la tension photoélectrique. / The goal of this work was to investigate cubic silicon carbide as anode material for direct photoelectrochemical water splitting. From the performed measurements (mostly photoelectron spectroscopy, electrochemical measurements, Raman and UV-Vis spectroscopy) n-type cubic silicon carbide’s low oxygen evolution efficiency could be related to some fundamental problems.Primarily, the attainable photocurrent is limited by the flux of photo generated holes to the semiconductor surface. As cubic silicon carbide is a indirect semiconductor, the low absorption coefficient in combination with a high doping concentration and low hole diffusion length were determined as limiting factors. An additional epitaxial n- cubic silicon carbide film resulted in a significant improvement of the photocurrent.The obtainable photovoltage and recombination losses are mostly dependent on the surface properties. While a buried junction between the silicon carbide and a thin catalyst layer has proven to be promising for improving both properties, it still needs optimization, as Fermi level pinning from interface defect states drastically reduces the photovoltage.

Organiser la rencontre des concepts de force, de forme et de figure s'inscrit dans le cadre d'un examen critique des modélisations organiques en philosophie. en éprouvant l'opérativité de ce complexe conceptuel à trois têtes, nous souhaitons définir le champ d'action d'une énergétique d'inspiration nietzschéenne, nourrie des réflexions sur le figural de lyotard ou sur le corps sans organes de deleuze et guattari. nos travaux antérieurs ont pensé une approche << plastique >> de l'art contemporain, capable de conceptualiser les dynamiques de transformation propres aux œuvres comme aux processus de création. une relecture des philosophies de la différence permet d'évaluer à nouveaux frais le modèle du vivant et de le confronter au champ de la philosophie politique en y appliquant les moyens mis en œuvre par une esthétique plastique. tant du point de vue des forces échangées du &lt;&lt; corps social >> - métaphore dont nous apprécierons les limites - que de la figure du politique, la question est de juger la pertinence d'une philosophie qui interprète les actes humains à partir de modélisations scientifiques de la vie (données des sciences biologiques, physiques, physiologiques ou encore neuronales) /... / Clinical sociology (Ehrenberg, Gauchet), Lacanian psychoanalysis (Melman, Kristeva, Lebrun) and part of the French philosophy (Lyotard, Deleuze, Guattari, Stiegler Malabou) come together to confront the evolutions of the « Libidinal economy » of the Self to the repressive forces of the capitalist system and the macro-orders of neoliberalism. Based on a reflection on social psychopathology, they all note the emergence of a Subject submitted to processes of depersonalization (loss of identity unit), derealization (break with the world) and disaffection (inability to express or feel emotions). This (new) figure of the contemporary subject, we conceptualize with the term "schised", is the central theme of this work focused on the different forms of indifference, boredom or inertia that seem to affect both the public and the plastic wire. Described as "schizo", "exhausted" and "traumatized", the subject of Art reveals a transformation of Plasticity we’ll analyse on two levels: as a process of self-shaping (the plasticity of the subject) and works-shaping (the plasticity of the Art). Focused on the various metamorphoses of this concept, this work seeks to highlight the potential of a hermeneutic aesthetics term at the intersection of neurosciences and psychoanalysis, and to retrace the formal evolutions of a conception of aesthetics marked by collective movement disorders. This reflection starts with a double problematic: Which Art can produce a Subject troubled in its plasticity? Can these psychopathological models help us to explain the indifference of contemporary public ?

Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-03-24T21:23:22Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) monique_rocha_almeida.pdf: 4635045 bytes, checksum: 2d203824a390ae82a5006e68b621c98b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-04-20T19:40:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) monique_rocha_almeida.pdf: 4635045 bytes, checksum: 2d203824a390ae82a5006e68b621c98b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-20T19:40:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) monique_rocha_almeida.pdf: 4635045 bytes, checksum: 2d203824a390ae82a5006e68b621c98b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) / A convers?o de energia solar em energia qu?mica usando c?lulas fotoeletroqu?micas ? uma estrat?gia interessante para armazenar energia. C?lulas fotoeletroqu?micas s?o dispositivos constitu?dos de fotoeletrodos semicondutores que absorvem luz com energia maior ou igual a energia de bandgap do semicondutor e geram cargas reativas (el?trons e buracos) na superf?cie dos fotoeletrodos capazes de promover a redu??o e oxida??o da ?gua em H2 e O2, respectivamente. Nesta disserta??o, quatro fotoeletrodos de g-C3N4, g-C3N4/Cu1%, g- C3N4/Cu5% e Cu2O/CuO foram preparados com o objetivo de desenvolver uma c?lula fotoeletroqu?mica para clivagem da ?gua em H2 e O2 de forma espont?nea. As medidas de difratometria de raios X confirmaram a presen?a das fases g-C3N4 e Cu2O/CuO nos fotoeletrodos. As imagens de MEV mostraram que os materiais ? base de g-C3N4 possuem morfologia do tipo esponja, enquanto a heterojun??o Cu2O/CuO ? formada por nanopart?culas de forma indefinida. Medidas de reflect?ncia difusa mostraram que o acoplamento do g-C3N4 e Cu2O/CuO resulta em uma melhora significativa na absor??o ?ptica dos fotoeletrodos. Medidas de ?rea espec?fica indicaram que os nanomateriais ? base de g-C3N4 tem alta ?rea superficial (?100 m2 g?1), enquanto a ?rea espec?fica da heterojun??o Cu2O/CuO foi de 17 m2 g?1. Os resultados de redu??o ? temperatura programada evidenciaram a forma??o das heterojun??es. Os testes fotoeletroqu?micos de produ??o de O2 a partir da ?gua usando luz vis?vel indicaram que em potenciais an?dicos, apenas o fotoanodo de g-C3N4 foi est?vel apresentando uma densidade de fotocorrente de 16 ?A cm?2 que corresponde a uma efici?ncia de convers?o de luz de 0,014%. Em potenciais cat?dicos, a maior densidade de fotocorrente (60 ?A cm?2) foi obtida para o fotoeletrodo Cu2O/CuO. A efici?ncia de convers?o de luz do fotocatodo de Cu2O/CuO foi de 0,029%. Com base nos dados obtidos, uma c?lula fotoeletroqu?mica p-n foi constru?da usando a heterojun??o Cu2O/CuO como fotocatodo e g- C3N4 como fotoanodo. Esta c?lula gerou uma densidade de fotocorrente in operando de 0,62 ?A cm?2 e uma fotovoltagem de 0,62 V. A efici?ncia de convers?o solar da fotoc?lula foi de 0,004% sob irradia??o de luz vis?vel. Apesar da baixa efici?ncia obtida, espera-se que esta disserta??o possa servir de inspira??o para o desenvolvimento de novos dispositivos fotoeletroqu?micos para clivagem da ?gua em H2 e O2, usando luz vis?vel. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016. / The conversion of solar energy into chemical energy using photoelectrochemical cells is an interesting strategy to store energy. Photoelectrochemical cells are made up of semiconductor photoelectrodes that absorb light with energy equal or higher than the bandgap energy of the semiconductor to generate reactive charges (electrons and holes) on the surface of the photoelectrodes, which can promote the oxidation and reduction reactions of water to form H2 and O2, respectively. In this dissertation, four photoelectrodes of g-C3N4, g-C3N4/Cu1%, g- C3N4/Cu5%, and Cu2O/CuO were prepared in order to develop a photoelectrochemical cell for spontaneous water splitting into H2 and O2. The X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the presence of g-C3N4 and Cu2O/CuO phases in the photoelectrodes. The SEM images showed that the materials based on g-C3N4 have sponge-like morphology, whereas the Cu2O/CuO heterojunction is formed by nanoparticles with undefined shapes. Diffuse reflectance measurements showed that coupling g-C3N4 and Cu2O/CuO results in a significant improvement in optical absorption of the photoelectrodes. Surface area measurements indicated that the nanomaterials based on g-C3N4 have high surface areas (?100 m2 g?1), while the specific area for the Cu2O/CuO heterojunction was 17 m2 g?1. The temperature programmed reduction results evidenced the formation of the heterojunctions. The photoelectrochemical assays of O2 production from water using visible light indicated that at anodic potentials, only the photoanode g-C3N4 was stable showing a photocurrent density of 16 ?A cm?2, which corresponds to a light conversion efficiency of 0.014%. At cathodic potentials, the higher photocurrent density (60 ?A cm?2) was obtained for the Cu2O/CuO photoelectrode. The light conversion efficiency of the Cu2O/CuO photocathode was 0.029%. Based on the obtained data, a p-n photoelectrochemical cell was constructed using the Cu2O/CuO heterojunction as the photocathode and g-C3N4 as the photoanode. This photocell generated a photocurrent density in operando of 0.62 ?A cm?2 and photovoltage of 0.62 V. The light conversion efficiency of the photocell was 0.004% under visible light irradiation. Despite the low efficiency obtained for the p-n photocell, it is expected that this dissertation may serve of inspiration for the development of new photoelectrochemical devices for water splitting into H2 and O2 using visible light.

Este trabalho investigou a obtenção de filmes de TiO2 por sol-gel e dipcoating (SGDC) e sua caracterização microestrutural e como fotocatalisador para a produção de hidrogênio a partir da água. Os precursores e reagentes utilizados foram: propóxido de titânio, ácido acético, etanol anidro, acetilacetona, Triton X-100 e polivinilbutiral (PVB). Foram preparadas 2 soluções precursoras, uma com PVB e outra sem. Foram produzidos filmes com 1, 2 e 3 camadas através da técnica de dip-coating. Os filmes foram tratados termicamente a 400, 500 e 600ºC, com uma taxa de 100ºC/h e um patamar de 2 h. O TiO2 sintetizado e os filmes produzidos foram caracterizados por difração de raios X (DRX) quanto à cristalinidade, fases presentes e tamanho de cristalito; microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), adsorção de nitrogênio (método BET), análises termogravimétricas (ATG) e termodiferenciais (ATD), elipsometria espectroscópica, perfilometria óptica, espectroscopia Raman e de reflectância difusa (determinação do band gap). Após o tratamento térmico os filmes apresentaram uma microestrutura bastante irregular e com muitas trincas, com a presença da fase anatase em todas as temperaturas de tratamento térmico, e um teor de 3,7% de rutilo à 600ºC. O band gap dos filmes aumentou com a quantidade de camadas adicionadas, com a elevação da temperatura de tratamento térmico e adição de PVB. As medidas de fotocorrente foram realizadas no escuro e sob iluminação de lâmpada de Xe com 250W (simulador de luz solar de 1,5AM). A maior fotocorrente medida foi de 12 μA a 0,5V. A produção de H2 aumentou linearmente com o tempo de exposição para ambas as amostras com PVB. Foi possível relacionar a adição do PVB com o favorecimento da fotoatividade dos filmes de TiO2. / This work has investigated the effect of polyvinyl butyral addition in the synthesis of TiO2 films by sol-gel and dip-coating, their microstructural features and their photoelectrochemical activity for water-splitting hydrogen production. The precursors and reagents used were: titanium propoxide, acetic acid, anhydrous ethanol, acetylacetone, Triton X-100 and polyvinyl butyral (PVB). Two precursor solutions were prepared: one with PVB and another without it. The dip-coating technique was used to produce films with 1, 2 and 3 layers. The films were heat treated at 400, 500 and 600ºC, at a rate of 100°C/h and dwelling time of 2h. Afterwards the synthesized films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD); scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen adsorption (BET method), thermogravimetric (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA), spectroscopic ellipsometry, optical profilometry, Raman and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (determination of the band gap). The films after heat treatment showed a very irregular microstructure with many cracks. The anatase phase was presented in all temperatures and a small content of rutile at 600 °C (around 3.7%) was identified. The band gap of the films increased with the number of layers, heat treatment and addition of PVB. The photocurrent measurements were carried out in the dark and under illumination with 250W Xe, using a sunlight simulator (1,5AM). The highest photocurrent was 12A at 0.5V. The H2 production increased linearly with time of exposure for both samples with PVB. Therefore, it was possible to relate the addition of PVB with improvement the photoactivity of TiO2 films.

Une large gamme de problèmes physiques, des petites molécules aux étoiles géantes, contiennent des symétries de rotation et sont sujets à des oscillations azimutales ou transverses. Quand cette symétrie est rompue, le système peut devenir instable. Dans cette thèse, les brisures de symétries sont étudiées dans les chambres de combustion annulaires, sujettes à des instabilités thermo-acoustiques azimutales. En premier lieu, deux types de brisures sont obtenus analytiquement : la première en répartissant des bruleurs différents le long de la chambre et la seconde provoquée par le champ moyen lui-même. Ces ruptures de symétries entraînent une séparation des fréquences, fixe la structure du mode et peut déstabiliser le système. De plus, une approche Quantification d’Incertitudes (UQ) permet d’évaluer l’effet de la rupture de symétries provoquée par les incertitudes sur la description ou le comportement des flammes. Pour compléter cette théorie, des Simulations aux Grandes Echelles (SGE) sont réalisées sur un mono-secteur ainsi que sur une configuration complète 360° de l’expérience annulaire de Cambridge. Les résultats numériques sont comparés aux données expérimentales et montrent un bon accord. En particulier, un mode instable à 1800 Hz croît dans les deux cas. Cependant, la SGE, limitée par son coût important, ne permet pas l’étude du cycle limite s’établissant après plusieurs centaines de millisecondes. Pour pallier à ce problème, une nouvelle approche, appelée AMT, est développée : les résultats d’une théorie ou d’un solveur acoustique sont injectés dans une simulation SGE. Cette approche permet d’étudier les brisures de symétries, la nature et la dynamique des modes acoustiques, ainsi que d’évaluer l’amortissement dans des configurations réalistes. / A large range of physical problems, from molecules to giant stars, contains rotating symmetry and can exhibit azimuthal waves or vibrations. When this symmetry is broken, the system can become unstable with chaotic behaviors. Symmetry breaking is investigated in annular combustors prone to azimuthal thermo-acoustic instabilities. First, theories reveal that two types of symmetry breaking exist : due to different burner types distributed along the chamber or due to the flow itself . It leads to frequency splitting, fixes the mode structure and can destabilize the configuration. A UQ analysis is also performed to quantify the symmetry breaking effect due to uncertainties of flame descriptions or behaviors. To complete theory, Large Eddy Simulations are performed on a single-sector as well as on a complete 360° configuration of the annular experiment of Cambridge. Numerical results are compared to experimental data showing a good agreement. In particular, an unstable azimuthal mode at 1800 Hz grows in both LES and experiment. However, LES cannot investigate the limit cycle because of its extreme cost. To tackle this problem, a new methodology is developed, called AMT, where theory or Helmholtz solver predictions are injected into LES or DNS. This method allows to study symmetry breaking, mode nature and dynamics as well as evaluating damping in realistic annular configurations.