Thesis (doctoral)--Universität zu Köln.

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The recent and rapid advances in micro electronics technology has resulted in the continued and dramatic reduction in the cost and size of logic circuits used in computers and computer interfaced devices. This technology now makes it possible to purchase a sophisticated computer system and multiple terminal devices for less than $60,000. The subject of this Research Report is to show the feasibility of applying this computer system, including 32 phone line interfaced video display terminals and a time sharing software package, to vend computer generated games for profit.

Purpose: This article examines changes in attitude and beverage consumption after a school-wide policy change replacing sweetened beverages in vending machines with 100% juice and bottled water. Methods: Written questionnaires were administered three times to high school students (n = 278) in an ethnically-diverse, southwest Virginia school district. X ² analysis was utilized and test-retest reliability was assessed with intra-class correlation coefficients. Results: Pearson correlation coefficients for reliability between test and re-test displayed a range from r =0.53 to r =0.73. There were no significant differences in demographics (gender and ethnicity) between time periods. X ² analysis revealed students were significantly more likely to choose healthier beverage vending options after one year compared to baseline (P<0.01). Although beverage vending purchases declined to near significance immediately following the change, there were no significant changes observed between baseline and follow-up (P<0.05). X ² analysis revealed no significant (P<0.05) changes in outside purchase patterns. Students also indicated that the top reasons for snack/beverage choices were hunger, taste, and price. Conclusion: This suggests that students purchase what is convenient and available, regardless of choices. Therefore, environmental changes may be beneficial to promote healthier beverage choices among adolescents.</p> / Master of Science

Thesis (M.S.)--Rochester Institute of Technology, 1992. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 41).

Objective: Many Canadian publicly funded recreation facilities have an obesogenic environment. Researchers recommend food and beverage policies to change these environments, however further research is needed to distinguish effective policy approaches. A promising, localized policy approach not yet well evidenced is the use of vending machine contracts with health stipulations to improve nutrition environments. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether a sample of Canadian publicly funded recreation facilities with healthy vending contracts had healthier vending machine nutrition profiles than those facilities with conventional contracts. A secondary research objective was to explore the additional influence of policy quality on the health profile of vending machines. Methods: This quantitative study used results from the baseline assessment done of the broader Eat, Play, Live (EPL) initiative. Vending machine audits and questionnaires were completed in participating publicly funded recreation facilities with vending machines (N=46). Vending product profiles were assessed using the Brand Name Food List which categorizes packaged foods according to the BC Guidelines for Vending in Public Buildings. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to determine if there were significant differences in the health profile of vending products between facilities with healthy vending contracts and those without. Results: Facilities with healthy vending contracts had significantly healthier vending product profiles compared to facilities with conventional contracts. On average, significantly less availability of unhealthy (DNS) products represented these healthier profiles. Vending profiles did not significantly differ based on higher quality contract health stipulations although sample size limited conclusions about this. Conclusion: Facilities with health stipulated in their contract differed from those without health stipulations. This suggests that healthy vending contracts (even with relatively generic stipulations) may be supportive of improved nutrition environments. / Graduate / 2019-03-29

The microbiological quality of raw milk from the perspective of the health of dairy products is one of the most important features. The amount of microorganisms is influenced by storage temperature and time of milk. In the thesis was observed dynamics of total bacteria count (TBC) in raw milk depending on the selected factors (months, seasons, point of collection, the length of storage). To life of microorganisms contributes warm weather. The largest increase in TBC was observed in the months of April and May to 108 thousand /1 Ml. It is necessary to place great emphasis on rapid cooling of milk (max 150 min.) to the desired temperature (8 °C). Increase TBC could be caused by long transportation time of sampling raw milk from a milk vending machine to evaluate the quality and microbiological indicators. In the second part of the thesis are compares the quality and microbiological characteristics of raw milk from selected milk vending machines. When evaluating the samples taken from the farm, average values of TBC were higher (43 thousand/ml) compared to samples collected from the milk vending machines (6 thousand/ml). Reason of higher values from farms could be caused by poor hygiene of the milk and his secondary contaminations. In contrast, the average results from samples taken from the milk vending machines were more than excellent. That´s shows tight control of cooling milk during transportation from the farm to the milk vending machine. Next reason better results is right cooling and to maintain a constant temperature in the grades (from 0.5 to 1 °C). That´s temperature, which prevents the growth of microorganisms.

[pt] Esta dissertação analisa o problema da gestão de estoque de sanduíches de uma empresa prestadora de serviços de alimentação, a Tok Take Alimentação Ltda. Para tanto, foi feito um levantamento bibliográfico na área de gestão de estoques e de previsão de demanda. Para o estudo de caso, dados históricos do consumo diário de sanduíches em um determinado cliente foram coletados e submetidos à análise por meio de dois métodos de previsão de demanda: o método de médias móveis dupla e o método de amortecimento direto para dados sazonais. Desta forma, foram determinados dois modelos que possibilitam a previsão de demanda diária deste produto. / [en] This report analyzes the issue of managing the inventory of sandwiches of a food vending enterprise, Tok Take Alimentação Ltda. For that purpose, a bibliographic survey was made on inventory management and demand forecasting. In the case studied it was found that no gain could be obtained by expanding the replenishment period. Hence the analysis turned its focus to demand forcasting. For the case study, historical data of sandwich consumption at a specific client site were colected and submited to analysis by means of two forecasting methods namely: double moving average and direct smoothing for seasonal data. After that, a model that enables daily forecasting of that product`s demand was determined.

Purpose This study has been conducted in order to investigate opportunities regarding theestablishment of technology-based self-service stores (TBSS). By studying proposedsites for establishment, information has been collected in order to be used in a factorrating analysis. Research questions 1. Where is the need for expanded service supply the greatest and what characterizesa number of potential establishments? 2. What impact does the marketing decision ‘people’ have in order to create anattractive store concept? 3. How does the need of goods and services differ as well as the marketing decision‘people’ between different potential establishment sites and different consumergroups? Methodology This master thesis has been conducted as a survey on planned establishments placesas well as an observation study of these. A qualitative approach has been usedwhenever respondent answers, from the questionnaire, were applied to the subquestions in order to be used as data for the research questions later on. Literatureconcerning marketing, establishment strategies and consumer needs has been of vitalimportance in this study. Conclusion Based on our study, we found that the need for increased service supply is greater inrural areas. What characterizes potential establishment sites is the distance to andnumber of potential consumers. When it comes to the importance of the marketingdecision ‘people’, it turned out that ‘service availability’ is far more important thanthat of ‘people’ which becomes a secondary feature in order to create an attractivestore concept. The need for good and services differs between the two differenttypes of establishment places. However, both consumer groups prefer to have food,but it differs when it comes to what type. Younger people tend to be more positivelycommitted to unmanned self-service. / Våra krav på service och tillgänglighet ökar samtidigt som samhället urbaniseras och fler pendlar mellan hemmet och arbetet. För att underlätta för konsumenten skulle en teknologibaserad självservice (TBSS) butik kunna fungera. Rapporten ämnade att ta reda på förutsättningarna för etablering av dessa butikskoncept och hur konsumentgrupper upplever attraktivitet även om butiken är utan personal. Vi utgår från McCarthy (1960) marknadsmix med de fyra konkurrensmedlen produkt, plats, pris, och promota. Marknadsmixen har sedan utökats till att även innehålla flera konkurrensmedel med personal som ett av dessa. För att ta reda på konsumenters behov av ett utökat serviceutbud utformades en enkät innehållande delfrågor som berörde hur konsumenter upplevde det nuvarande serviceutbudet, inställning till TBSS och behov av varor och tjänster. Denna enkät besvarades av resenärer på resecentrum och boende på fyra landsbygdsorter. En analys med hjälp av faktorvärdesmetoden utfördes på fem utvalda faktorer för att ge data till en observationsstudie rörande etablering. Från resultaten av enkätstudien upptäcktes att merparten av respondenterna var positivt inställda till TBSS, vilket innebär att konkurrensmedlet personal inte är avgörande när det kommer till att skapa ett attraktivt butikskoncept. De slutsatser som vi drar är att etableringsplatser behöver vara lättillgängliga för ett stort antal konsumenter för att vara värt att satsa på. De produkter som främst angavs var ätbara följt av biljett- och drivmedelstjänster. Analysen med hjälp av faktorvärdesmetoden exemplifierar på ett tydligt sätt hur företag i dagligvaruhandel kan jämföra etableringsplatser utifrån olika faktorer.

Our demands on services and availability increases at the same time as the society gets more urbanized and more people tends to commute. In order to facilitate the consumer, technology based self-service (TBSS) stores might survive and thrive. This thesis had a focus on finding out the general public's perception on TBSS stores and how they perceive the availability even if it is unmanned. The extended marketing mix contains people as a means of competition and we wanted to investigate whether this competitive mean could be ruled out which would mean that the extended marketing mix needs to be revised. In order to find out the people's perception of the TBSS concept a short enquiry were constructed containing three questions. People from Uppsala central station and four countryside towns, corresponding to two percent of the population, answered this enquiry. In order to collect data for information concerning establishment a factor rating method with five chosen factors were performed. From the results of the enquiry we found that the majority of the respondents have a positive attitude towards TBSS, which means that the competitive mean people are not critical when it comes to consumer perception of accessibility; conclusion from this is that the extended marketing mix needs to be revised. The products that was stated most frequently were edible goods followed by ticket and fuel services. The analysis using the factor rating method exemplifies a way for companies to compare differents places for establishment from various chosen factors. / Våra krav på service och tillgänglighet ökar samtidigt som samhället urbaniseras och fler pendlar mellan hemmet och arbetet. För att underlätta för konsumenten skulle en teknologibaserad självservice (TBSS) butik kunna fungera. Rapporten ämnade att ta reda på konsumenters inställning till en TBSS butik och hur de upplever tillgängligheten även om butiken är obemannad. Vi utgår från McCarthy (1960) marknadsmix med de fyra konkurrensmedel produkt, plats, pris, och promota. Marknadsmixen har sedan utökats för att även innehålla flera konkurrensmedel med personal som ett av dessa. Vi ville undersöka om konkurrensmedlet personal kan uteslutas vilket skulle innebära en revidering av den utökade marknadsmixen. För att ta reda på konsumenters inställning till TBSS konceptet utformades en kort enkät innehållande tre frågor (nuvarande serviceutbud, varor och tjänster samt inställning till obemannad självservice). Denna enkät fick resenärer på resecentrum och boende på fyra landsbygdsorter, motsvarande två procent av populationen, svara på muntligt. En analys med hjälp av faktorvärdesmetod utfördes av fem utvalda faktorer för att ge data till en observationsstudie rörande etablering. Från resultaten av enkätstudien upptäcktes att merparten av respondenterna var positivt inställda till TBSS, vilket innebär att konkurrensmedlet personal inte är avgörande när det kommer till konsumenters uppfattning av tillgänglighet; detta innebär att den utökade marknadsmixen behöver revideras. De produkter som främst angavs var ätbara följt av biljett- och drivmedelstjänster. Analysen med hjälp av faktorvärdesmetoden exemplifierar på ett tydligt sätt hur företag kan jämföra olika etableringsplatser utifrån olika faktorer.