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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

企業規模與揭露關係--會計原則超載之研究

吳碧玉, WU, BI-YU Unknown Date (has links)
本論文約七萬字,共六章,二十四節。 第一章 導論。 第二章 會計資訊的目的與品質特性。分三節,簡述公認會計原則的內涵及資訊分類 ,進而探討會計資訊的目的及為達此目的所應具備的品質特性。 第三章 會計原則超載。共分四節,探討會計原則超載之定義,發生原因及其影響, 並簡介美國會計師協會與財務會計準則委員會所作的相關研究。 第四章 會計原則載的疏解方案。共分七節,提出七個疏解方案,並分別就理論層面 探討其可行性。 第五章 我國財務會計準則公報在實務上適用性之研究。共分四節,藉由會計師的問 卷回函,以了解不同規模型態企業對資訊要求與會計成本負擔情形。 第六章 結論與建議。
2

台灣專業貿易商整合模式之探討 / Research of The Integration of Taiwan Specialized Trading Agents

黃以涵 Unknown Date (has links)
台灣為一缺乏自然資源的海島型國家,故拓展貿易向來是維持經濟發展的重要手段。在過去的國際經貿環境下,專業貿易商較有其存在之中介價值,包含創造交易與提供相關的貿易服務等。然隨著全球經貿環境的改變,在科技與網際網路的發展下,使得資訊更加透明化,產業價值鏈也縮短,專業貿易商的生存空間受到威脅。尤其是台灣中小型貿易商家數過多,卻僅貢獻不到一成的貿易額;在專業貿易商規模不夠大的情況下,其不具大量採購之競爭優勢,且無法有效設立海外據點以拓銷海外市場,亦不能提供客戶一套完整的貿易服務方案;此外,更使得政府在制定相關獎勵政策時,無法顧及為數眾多之專業貿易商,制定符合專業貿易商所需之獎勵與輔導規定。我國專業貿易商目前面臨資源無法有效集中運用,擴大規模以發揮範疇經濟及規模經濟之難題,因此本研究有別於過往之研究成果,欲以擴大經營規模、整合資源之角度切入,探討貿易商整合的模式,試圖對我國專業貿易商目前發展所遭遇之難題尋找突破的方式。 本研究以探討大昌華嘉集團企業大型化歷程之方式,發現其整合資源的模式為併購其他事業體,並能從此集團整合之過程中,成功擴充資源,增加在國際間的競爭力,並發揮範疇經濟與規模經濟,成功發揮綜效並提升其經營績效;故建議我國專業貿易商可以併購之方式進行規模的擴張與資源之整併,並建議我國政府應密切關注台灣貿易服務業動態,與業者定時維持之意見交流,於專業貿易商整合之過程中給予其所需之協助,並加強對專業貿易商設立海外據點之輔導與獎勵。惟於專業貿易商以併購方式整合的過程中,須特別注意成本效益之問題,方能有效擴大經營規模,提升經營績效,克服我國服務貿易業發展停滯之困境。
3

會計原則超載之研究

吳碧玉, Wu, Bi-Yu Unknown Date (has links)
本論文約七萬字,共六章,二十四節。 第一章 導論。 第二章 會計資訊的目的與品質特性。分三節,簡述公認會計原則的內涵及資訊分類 ,進而探討會計資訊的目的及為達此目的所應具備的品質特性。 第三章 會計原則超載。共分四節,探討會計原則超載之定義,發生原因及其影響, 並簡介美國會計師協會與財務會計準則委員會所作的相關研究。 第四章 會計原則載的疏解方案。共分七節,提出七個疏解方案,並分別就理論層面 探討其可行性。 第五章 我國財務會計準則公報在實務上適用性之研究。共分四節,藉由會計師的問 卷回函,以了解不同規模型態企業對資訊要求與會計成本負擔情形。 第六章 結論與建議。
4

探討企業社會績效的決定因素:以兩個社會責任評等機制為例的實證研究

楊鈞閔 Unknown Date (has links)
企業社會責任已經是現今社會中不可輕視的企業議題,各種評等機構也紛紛開始針對個別企業的社會績效進行量化的評估與排名。本研究的主題即為企業社會績效的決定因素,並依據先前研究而選出規模、國際化程度、差異化策略程度、CEO的功能背景、並且加上本研究自選出企業社會責任的競爭強度為第五個變數來解釋不同企業之間其企業社會績效的差異,以求實證研究的結果。為求有意義的研究議題、以及避免變數資料收集上的偏誤,研究界說範圍乃為美國的製造業公司。 / 研究樣本群有兩個,分別為2007、2008年由CRO雜誌公佈的「百大最佳企業公民」名單中的製造業公司。依其名單中的個別公司的平均分數作為企業社會績效,並以SPSS 8.0軟體進行相關假說的驗證。 / 研究結果證實,企業規模在兩個年度的模型中都得到實證,確定規模愈大的公司其企業社會績效也會比較好。而國際化程度、CEO外部導向的功能背景、及企業社會責任的競爭強度則在2008年模型中得到證實其與企業社會績效的正向關係。最後,企業追隨差異化策略的程度與企業社會績效的正向關係則在2007年模型下得到實證支持。根據以上結果,本研究亦藉由提出兩個年度模型的差異,來推導可能的成因。
5

單一事業中小企業資源拉撐與規模成長關聯性之探索 / An exploratory study on the relationship between resource stretching and scale growth of the single-business small-and medium-sized firms

商倩鳳, Shang, Cian Fong Unknown Date (has links)
企業的成長與規模擴大,能賦予企業許多優勢與利益,故一直是企業經營者關注的重點,也是策略與組織領域的學者所關注的議題。自從Penrose(1959)的企業內生成長理論提出多餘資源(尤其是管理資源)為企業成長的機制之後,後續的策略學者大多延續這樣的觀點,假設有多餘資源之後,才能進一步追求成長,並深入探討多餘資源的特性、成長策略的特性與成長率之間的關係。 然而,實務上卻發現擁有多餘資源未必能成長,而有些成功的企業反而是在資源不足之下而成長。Hamel and Prahalad(1993)即挑戰多餘資源的成長觀點,認為企業成長的動力其實是來自於經理人拉撐(stretch)其雄心與渴望水準,願意去追求既有資源與能力所無法達到的策略目標,透過善用資源而能在資源不足的情境下實踐成長,但其並未清楚說明拉撐的內涵與促進成長的機制。 本研究以Hamel and Prahalad(1993)所提出的拉撐概念為基礎,探討中小企業在資源有限、甚至不足的情境之下,如何透過拉撐其既有資源基礎,而能達成企業規模的成長。由於相關文獻不足,本研究採用Eisenhardt(1989)的探索性個案研究方法,以單一事業中小企業的規模成長現象為研究情境,總共研究了七個個案,發現了規模有所成長的中小企業所採行的拉撐式策略邏輯及形成拉撐情境的因素,從實務中歸納出五大類型拉撐資源的行動內涵,並發現了拉撐資源的行動為何能形成中小企業長期之下規模的成長。因此,本研究證實了拉撐的成長機制確實存在,Hamel and Prahalad(1993)所主張的拉撐邏輯,確實能夠促進中小企業的成長,有其獨特的成長邏輯。 中小企業為何經常處於拉撐的情境,主要因為資源不足、成長所造成的現象與長期採行拉撐式策略邏輯所致。而拉撐式策略邏輯為:追求較高的經營目標,因而使資源略顯不足,並在資源尚未完全到位時即著手進行,故必須透過拉撐、擠壓既有的資源基礎以彌補資源的缺口,克服困難而能掌握成長的機會,此外,為了避免風險,資源的投資採行精簡、小額與逐步的擴充,解決資源瓶頸而能使整體資源發揮更大的效用,並能穩健地擴充與成長。 本研究歸納出五大類型的拉撐資源行動,包括資源突破、資源重組、資源調度、資源提取與資源精簡,皆能擠壓既有的資源基礎而達到原先難以達成的目標,能增進生產績效並提昇企業的競爭力。資源突破與資源重組即為創業者的創新活動,前者針對資源本身進行創新突破;改善或增加系統中的關鍵因子,使整個系統的功能有所突破。資源重組即是將相同的人力與實體資源重新配置,改善流程或資源使用的方法,達到創新的效果並提昇生產的績效。資源調度是刻意發展資源的多功能性與通用性,能夠彈性地調度不同資源互相支援,以因應急需或降低產能的閒置。資源提取則是延長資源的使用時間,或使既有的人力資源願意與能夠提供更多、更好的服務。最後,資源精簡意指資源的投資盡量不足額,甚至延遲投資,以降低風險,並因而設法增加資源的使用效率。 為何拉撐資源的行動能使中小企業整體資源基礎得以擴充與成長?本研究發現主要是透過拉撐資源的短期與中長期效果綜合而達成。拉撐資源的短期效果為提昇既有資源的績效而能彌補資源的缺口,掌握成長的機會,因而帶來資金的挹注而能累積資本。拉撐資源的中長期效果即是短期效果的累積,包括不斷地掌握機會而持續創造出後續成長的踏腳石(亦即突破經營局面而帶來新的成長機會);經常拉撐資源形成了獨特的、公司專屬的資源基礎與組織能力,能有效提昇公司的競爭力而增加經營的績效,進一步帶來資金的挹注;透過累積資本之後再謹慎地、精簡地擴充資源,增強資源基礎的內涵,企業內部的資源基礎因此逐步地擴充與成長。 / The growth and scale expansion of firms results in a lot of advantages and benefits for firms, therefore, it has been the focus of managerial attention and an important topic for scholars in fields of strategic management and organization theory. Most scholars follow Penrose (1959)’s internal growth theory of the firm to assume slack resources as the prerequisite of firm growth, and investigate the relationships among attributes of resources, growth strategies, and growth rates. In practice, however, firms with slack resources do not necessarily grow. Oppositely, there’re successful firms growing under resource shortage. Hamel and Prahalad (1993) had challenged the perspective of growing by slack resources and proposed that the real driver of firm growth comes from the stretching of managerial ambition and aspirations to pursue strategic goals beyond the firm’s existing resources and capabilities. Nonetheless, the authors didn’t explain clearly the contents and growth mechanisms of stretch. This study takes the view of stretch to investigate how small-and-medium-sized firms (thereafter SMEs) can achieve scale growth by stretching their limited or even infertile resource base. Due to the lack of related literature, this study adopts Eisenhardt (1989)’s explorative case study method, and choose the phenomenon of scale growth of the single-business SMEs as the research context. After investigating seven cases, this study finds the strategic discipline of stretch of SMEs, factors that result in condition of stretch, five categories of actions of resource stretching, and the relationship between resource stretching and long-term scale growth of SMEs. Hence, this study verifies that the concept of stretch proposed by Hamel and Prahalad (1993) do facilitate the scale growth of SMEs with its unique logic of growth. This study finds that SMEs are often in condition of stretch due to their insufficiencies of resources, the outcome of continued growth, and the results of running business by strategic discipline of stretch. The strategic discipline of stretch includes pursuing higher business goals by making existing resources slightly insufficient; proceeding without all resources needed so that SMEs have to stretch and squeeze the existing resource base to fill the resource gap and overcome difficulties so as to seize the opportunities for growth; and investing resources by small amount in a parsimonious way to solve the resource bottleneck so as to improve the effectiveness of the whole resource base and to make SMEs soundly expand and grow. Furthermore, this study concludes inductively with five categories of actions of resource stretching, including resource breakthrough, resource reconfiguration, resource mobilization, resource extraction, and resource parsimony, all of which can squeeze the existing resource base to achieve the unattainable goals and can improve productive performance and competitiveness of the SMEs. Resource breakthrough and resource reconfiguration are entrepreneurial activities of the entrepreneurs. The former is making innovative breakthrough to firm resources, and improving or adding critical elements in a system to make the function of the whole system upgraded. Resource reconfiguration is reconfiguring the same human and physical resources by improving the processes or methods of resource use so as to innovate and to improve productive performance. Resource mobilization is to develop the versatility and interchangeable use of resources deliberately so that all resources can be mobilized flexibly to support one another in order to response to emergent demands or to reduce the idle hours of all the resources. Resource extraction is to make longer use of resources, or to make employees willing and able to offer more and better services. Lastly, resource parsimony refers to make resource investments less than needed or even delayed, and by doing so, SMEs can reduce investment risks and are forced to raise the efficiency of their resource use. Why does resource stretching facilitate the expansion and growth of SMEs’ resource base (i.e. scale growth)? This study finds it is by the short-term and medium- and long-term effects of resource stretching. The former refers to the immediate outcomes of resource stretching, which fill the resource gap to help seize the opportunity of growth so as to obtain cash inflows for capital accumulation. The accumulation of short-term effects results in medium- and long-term effects of resource stretching, including continuously creating stepping stones for later growth by seizing opportunities; developing and accumulating distinctive and firm-specific resource base and organizational capabilities by constantly stretching resources so that SMEs improve their competitiveness and gain cash inflows; and prudently and parsimoniously expanding and enhancing resource base so that SMEs gradually expand and grow.

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