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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

中文多義詞「出」字之語意探討 / On Semantic Relatedness of the Mandarin Polysemous Word Chu

林素朱, Lin, Su-Chu Unknown Date (has links)
認知語意學替不同語言多義詞的語意關係提供了精闢的解釋。中文裡「出」字使用頻率高(中研院平衡語料庫出現近三萬次),語意類型多樣(國語日報字典中列舉十多個意義),卻鮮少人研究。本研究以認知語意學的角度出發,利用圖像模組 (image schema) 建立中文多義詞「出」的語意框架 (semantic frame),認為不同的觀點 (perspective) 可分析「出」字的不同語意,並以語意的譬喻延伸 (metaphorical extension) 將不同範疇的語意連結起來,解釋「出」字語意的多樣性。 / This study aims to explore the meaning relatedness of the Mandarin polysemous word chu from a cognitive approach. Theories of cognitive semantics provide a plausible account for polysemous words since a cognitive approach in analyzing language benefits the discovery of conceptual frameworks underlying complex linguistic expressions. To add another piece of empirical evidence, this study aims to examine the Mandarin polysemous word chu, which is highly productive and which exhibits extreme complexity in terms of its senses. An image schema for chu is proposed as its semantic framework and different perspectives are considered to account for the multiple senses of chu. Furthermore, metaphorical extension is detectable in the meaning shifts of chu as well.
2

中日語言中「氣」的多義對比分析:以隱喻及轉喻為研究中心 / A comparative analysis on the polysemy of 'Qi' in Mandarin and Japanese: a study based on metaphor and metonymy

葉淑美 Unknown Date (has links)
語言是人類傳情達意的工具,中、日文雖是不同的語言,但都以漢字作為表義的符碼,且經由人類共通的「身體經驗」衍生而來的身體詞彙,亦普遍存在於這兩種語言之中。過去關於身體詞彙衍生語義的研究,多集中於人體外部具體可見的五官及四肢,而作為人類生命跡象重要表徵的「氣」,雖虛無飄渺且難以捉摸,但在中、日文裡,亦存在著許多由「氣」衍生的語義,因此本研究擬以抽象的身體詞彙「氣」為對象,先探究「氣」的原型義(基本義),接著從漢語辭典、日語辭典及語料庫收集「氣」的相關詞彙,作為分析的語料。 Lakoff在討論原型理論的時候提到,人類基於經驗和想像,將各種事物分類,一方面源於感知、動覺活動和文化,另一方面就是隱喻(metaphor)、轉喻(metonymy)和心理意象,而人類的推理也同樣依賴這些要素。隱喻過程是在不同的認知域中建立關連,Lakoff和Johnson將其細分為結構隱喻、方位隱喻和實體隱喻三類;轉喻則是利用事物的多重屬性,凸顯其中最容易記憶和理解的部份;而提喻(synecdoce)則是就種、類的從屬關係,探討語義的形成機制。本研究以中文和日文中由「氣」所構成的單純詞、複合詞以及派生詞為考察對象,透過認知語義學的「隱喻」「轉喻」等概念,分析這些詞彙的各種語義及其相互關係,進而探討其多義構造,最後經由繪製中、日多義詞網絡圖,由中、日文共同具有的核心義出發,探討中、日文「氣」衍生語義及其語義延伸機制之異同,經研究結果發現,中、日文「氣」的衍生義項及機制有許多相似之處,由此或可推知中、日文對「氣」的語義認知有其類似的心理意象及文化底蘊,而細究其間的語用差異及所考察出的不同衍生義項,則發覺中文的「氣」較傾向於表達客觀存在的事實或現象,日文的「気」則多涉及內心主觀的思維及感受。此外,日文「気」語義虛化的現象似乎比中文「氣」有更顯著的趨勢。
3

Taking Care of "Take": Frame and Constructions / 從語意架構和構造語法的觀點分析英語多義詞Take

李美芳, Mei-fang F. Lee Unknown Date (has links)
英語動詞take有許多不同的語意,而這些語意之間則存有密切的關聯性。藉著分析take的各種語意,可以讓我們更深入地瞭解多義詞現象。本論文藉助認知語言學派的語意架構理論和構造語法理論,深入分析了take出現在不同句法結構中所產生的不同語意及這些語意彼此之間的關聯性。研究結果發現︰當take出現在及物結構中(Caused-Affected Construction)時,透過語言使用者在觀點上不同的選擇(Windowing of Attention),會衍生出四個基本語意,分別為選擇、拿取、消耗、及狀態改變。此外,take可以與七類型的介詞片語共同表達出七種不同的語意功能。最後,take還可以與介詞組合成片語動詞,產生特殊的語意,為使動結構的邊緣衍生用法。 / The English verb take attests a wide range of meanings and provides rich resources for the exploration of polysemy. Attempting to examine how the various senses of take are related to one another, this thesis investigates the meaning relatedness under the framework of Frame Semantics, which postulates that a conceptual representation is required to fully capture verb semantics (Fillmore and Atkins 1992, 2000), and Construction Grammar, which holds that constructions found in language are the basic units of language and that verb semantics interacts with constructions, thus yielding different meanings (Goldberg 1995, Jackendoff 1997). A careful examination of data reveals that take derives a variety of senses both from its interaction with the semantics of other components in the constructions and from different windowings of take’s conceptual frame. When integrated with the Caused-Affected Construction, the take construction acquires the senses of choosing, grabbing, consuming, and changing. When integrated with the Caused-Motion Construction, the take construction is found to be prototypically followed by prepositional phrases exhibiting seven semantic functions. When occurring in less prototypical cases of the Caused-Motion Construction, the meaning of the take construction blends into the meaning of the preposition following right behind it.
4

漢語多義詞「跑」之結構及語意分析 / A structural and semantic analysis of the polysemous verb PAO in Mandarin Chinese

蔡宛玲, Tsai, Wan-Ling Unknown Date (has links)
一詞多義是所有語言會出現的共有現象,然而,過往較少探討多義詞整體結構與其各義項間的關聯,也鮮少討論句法結構延伸的原因。本篇研究將探討漢語日常使用頻率較高的移動動詞「跑」的多義性,以中研院語料庫之語料為本,客觀的回歸到語言事實作分析,並參照Talmy(1975, 1985, 2000)提出的移動事件框架,檢視「跑」所體現的概念結構及句法結構間的關聯,試圖解釋造成不及物用法至非常規賓語用法背後所展現的機制,此外,本文根據教育部重編國語辭典、中文詞彙網絡知識庫內「跑」的定義及參照Evans(2005)的原則性多義理論,確立「跑」的獨立義項並探討概念結構中不同元素的變化和「跑」多義性之間的關聯,進一步地說明各義項間的相關性與區別性,最後,參照Lakoff(1987)的放射形範疇結構整理出屬於「跑」的語意網絡圖。 本篇研究結果顯示,「跑」共有四種不同的句法結構,分別為最典型的不及物﹝A.名詞短語+跑﹞句式,由趨向介詞帶出名詞短語的﹝B.名詞短語+處所/趨向介詞+名詞短語+跑﹞句式及﹝C.名詞短語+跑+處所/趨向介詞+名詞短語﹞句式、從不及物用法延伸至非常規賓語用法的﹝D.名詞短語+跑+名詞短語(斜格)﹞句式,各句式映射到的概念結構皆不同,是概念結構內不同要素的變化影響句法結構的改變,人類的自然認知過程使路徑延伸出不同種類,造成「跑」的非常規賓語用法以及延伸出不同於字面義的其他義項。此外,本文確立「跑」的七個獨立義項為「以兩腿交互快速向前移動」義、「往特定目標移動」義、「為某事忙碌奔走」義、「迅速離開、逃走、躲避」義、「兩個以上的參與者競速」義、「交通工具或物體的移動」義及「離開原有的位置」義,各義項的出現與整體句法結構、概念結構及語境有很大的關聯,總結來說,「跑」所體現的概念結構、句法結構及語意三者之間的相互影響是造成多義現象的重要因素。 / This study investigates the prevalently used polysemous motion verb PAO “run” in Mandarin Chinese. The data are extracted from Academic Sinica Balanced Corpus of Modern Chinese. Under the framework of Motion Event Frame (Talmy 1975, 1985, 2000), the study explicates the mechanism of PAO’s syntactic complexities in a more plausible manner. Four different structures of PAO are detected: the most typical intransitive structure [A. NP+PAO], structures with prepostions [B. NP+P+PAO+NP] and [C. NP+PAO+P+NP], and the unconventional transtive structure [D. NP+PAO+NP(oblique case)]. Each structure manifests different conceptual structures. It is claimed that the extention of Path has caused the usage of unconventional transtive structure and the polysemous phenomenon of PAO. In addition, this paper investigates the relationship between the different senses of PAO and elements in its conceptual structure. The relevance and distinction between the different senses of PAO are built as a radial categorization. PAO is suggested to have seven different senses: move quickly with legs, move to specific places, move for specific reasons, escape, two or more participants race, vehicles or objects move and leave the original location. Each sense is related to the overall syntactic structure, the conceptual structure and different contexts. In conclusion, the interaction between the conceputual structure, the syntactic structure and semantic meanings is a major factor that makes a polysemy.
5

俄漢翻譯中俄語詞彙之修辭問題

朱子建 Unknown Date (has links)
詞彙的修辭成份屬於較難或無法翻譯的部分,造成不少翻譯上的等值問題。本論文以帶有修辭色彩的俄語詞彙為研究對象,從俄語詞彙學與修辭學的既有架構出發,搭配翻譯等值與轉換理論,探討詞彙的功能語體限制以及情感評價成份對翻譯造成的影響。 本文的研究主旨,在於突顯詞彙修辭色彩的重要性。並試圖從修辭功能的角度,來補償翻譯過程中,原詞彙修辭與情感評價色彩上的損失,以建立原文與譯文之間的功能等值。

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