本研究旨在瞭解臺北市國民中學實施學校本位管理的現況及其成效。並據以提出結論與建議，期能做為學校本位管理實施之參考。具體目的有六：一、瞭解台北市國民中學學校本位管理運作現況。二、評估台北市國民中學學校本位管理實施成效。三、比較不同背景變項下國中教師對學校本位管理實施成效看法的差異。四、探討學校本位管理運作情形與實施成效之相關。五、探討學校本位管理運作各向度對實施成效的解釋力。六、分析臺北市國中學校本位管理實施現況與成效後，提出改革建議。 為達上述之目的，本研究首先探討學校本位管理的意涵和理論，其次分析學校本位管理之運作類型、範疇及成員角色職責，最後探討學校本位管理實施情形與成效之相關研究。經由上述之探討與分析，作為本研究之理論基礎，並據以自編「臺北市學校本位管理實施成效」之問卷調查。本研究以台北市公、私立國民中學教師、組長、主任及校長為調查對象，採取分層隨機取樣，共抽取30 所國中，回收有效問卷為446 份，分別以平均數與標準差分析、T考驗、Pearson 積差相關、單因子變異數分析及多元逐步迴歸等統計方法進行分析。 本研究經由統計分析獲得下列幾項主要的研究發現： 壹、臺北市國民中學學校本位管理運作大致符合自主程度 貳、不同背景變項的教師對於學校本位管理運作知覺有顯著差異 一、資深教師對於整體學校本位管理、校務層面及人事層面有較高的知覺程度。 二、國中主任在整體學校本位管理、校務層面、人事層面、課程與教學層面的知覺程度高於導師及專任教師。 三、公立國中的教師在校務層面的知覺程度高於私立國中的教師；私立國中的教師在經費層面的知覺程度高於公立國中的教師。 參、臺北市國中學校本位管理實施成效達到中上程度 肆、不同背景變項的教師對於學校本位管理實施成效知覺有顯著差異 一、資深教師在整體實施成效、行政效能及組織氣候方面的知覺程度顯著高於資淺教師。 二、國中主任在整體實施成效、行政效能、組織氣候及學業表現方面知覺程度高於導師及專任教師；國中校長在教學專業成長方面知覺程度高於導師及專任教師；國中組長在家長參與方面知覺程度顯著高於導師及專任教師。 三、學歷為研究所以上的國中教師在組織氣候方面的知覺程度顯著高於大學畢業的國中教師。 四、私立國中的教師在學業表現方面的知覺程度顯著高於公立國中的教師。 五、學校規模25-59班的國中教師在整體實施成效、學業表現及家長參與方面高於學校規模13-24班的國中教師。 伍、學校本位管理運作與實施成效呈正相關。 陸、學校本位管理各層面能有效預測整體實施成效。 本研究最後根據研究發現提出數項建議，供教育行政機關、國民中學、國中教師及未來相關研究之參考。 / The main purpose of this study was to discuss the practice and effects of school-base management in junior high school, and according to the study, this study made a conclusion and suggestions. There are six purposes: First, understand the present condition of school-base management in junior high school. Second, evaluate the effects of school-base management in junior high school. Third, compare to the opinions differences from different background variation about the practice and effects of school-base management. Forth, explore the correlations between the operations of school-base management. Fifth, confer the four administrative levels of SBM forecast its effects. Sixth, after analyzed the present condition and effect of school-base management, this study made suggestions to improve. To achieve the main purposes mention above, this study explored the meaning and theory of school-base management. And then, analyzed the category and the responsibilities of every members of the school-base management. Finally, this study explored the relative studies of school-base management. This study took the explorations and analyses as the foundation of the theory. ”Questionnaire of the practice and effect of school-base management” was developed for research. The examine samples involve principals, directors, chiefs and teachers of the public and private junior high schools in the Taipei city, there were 446 effective samples from 30 junior high schools. The statistics method was average, standard, percentile, t-test and one-way ANOVA. According to the statistics conclusions, the findings of this study are summarized as follow: 1. The results show that school-base management has been executed well in the junior high school. 2. Educational personnel’s opinions toward the execution of school-base management are very different from different background. 3.The effects of school-base management are fine. 4.Educational personnel’s opinions toward the effect of school-base management are very different from different background. 5.Highly positive correlations are proven between the practice and effects of school-base management. 6. School-base management can anticipate the effect. According to the finding, this study made several suggestions to provide the educational administrations, junior high schools, junior high schools’ teachers and the relative studies for reference.

論文摘要 本研究旨在：一、探究教師評鑑之相關理論與實施現況；二、探討國中教師對實施學校本位形成性教師評鑑之看法；三、根據研究結果，提出結論與建議，以供相關機關與人員之參考。為達上述目的，本研究採文獻分析、問卷調查以及內容分析等三種研究方法。問卷調查法以自編之「國中教師對學校本位形成性教師評鑑看法之研究---以桃園縣為例」為研究工具，研究對象以分層隨機抽樣方式抽取桃園縣33所公立國民中學，總計發出樣本505份，共計回收427份，問卷回收率達84.55﹪。所得之資料以百分比、次數、卡方考驗等統計方法加以分析。 根據問卷調查結果，獲致以下結論： 一、性別、年齡、職務類別、學歷、年資、學校規模、學校地點、組織成員等變項在學校本位形成性教師評鑑主要目的看法同意度上達到顯著差異水準。 二、性別、年齡、職務類別、年資、學校規模、學校地點、組織成員等變項在理想的教師評鑑者所須具備的條件看法同意度上達到顯著差異水準。 三、性別、學歷、年資、學校地點、學校規模、組織成員等變項在透過教師評鑑希望獲得之知能中達到顯著差異水準。 四、性別、學歷、年資、學校地點等變項在學校本位形成性教師評鑑實施步驟意見上達到顯著差異水準。 五、學校地點變項在學校本位形成性教師評鑑所應具有的主要措施上達到顯著差異水準。 六、性別、職務類別、學歷、年資、學校規模、學校地點、組織成員等變項在學校本位形成性教師評鑑實施能提升專業知能的助益上達到顯著差異水準。 關鍵字：學校本位、形成性教師評鑑 / Abstract The purpose of this study was: 1. to explore related theories and current situation of implementing evaluation of teachers on school-based, 2. discuss the views from junior high school teachers on formative evaluation of teachers on school-based and present conclusion ,3. and recommendations according to the results of research to provide reference for related authorities and officials. To achieve above-mentioned goal, the research adopted literature analysis, questionnaire survey and content analysis as research methods. In the questionnaire survey, the researchers used self-edited “The Study on the Views of Junior High School Teachers on Formative Evaluation of Teachers on School-based—Taking the Junior High School Teachers in Taoyuan County as Example” as research means. Regarding research targets, the researchers sent questionnaires to 505 teachers in 33 junior high schools in Taoyuan County who were picked up as samples by Stratified Random Sampling and total 427 questionnaires were answered and sent back. The rate of return is 84.55%. The data from these questionnaires were analyzed by statistic methods such as percentage, times and Chi-square Test. Following conclusions were obtained according to the results of questionnaire survey: 1. The agreement degrees of people’s population characteristics as sex, age, category of duty, education, seniority, size of school, geographical location, and organization members, the main purpose of formative evaluation of teachers on school-based have obvious differentials. 2. The agreement degrees of people’s population characteristics as sex, age, category of duty, seniority, size of school, geographical location, and organization member, the conditions and opinions of the ideal teacher evaluation members have obvious differentials. 3. The people’s population characteristics as sex, education, seniority, size of school, geographical location, and organization members, the knowledge and capabilities that teachers want to get have obvious differentials. 4. The people’s population characteristics as sex, education, seniority, and geographical location, the steps on the implementation of formative evaluation of teachers on school-based have obvious differentials. 5. The people’s population characteristics as geographical location, the main action on the implementation of formative evaluation of teachers on school-based have obvious differentials. 6. The agreement degrees of people’s population characteristics as sex, category of duty, education, seniority ,size of school, geographical location, and organization members, the enhancememt of teacher’s growth of specialty of formative evaluation of teachers on school-based have obvious differentials Keywords：school-based management, formative evaluation of teachers

本研究旨在探討中華民國台北市與韓國漢城市之國民小學之學校本位教學視導之實施現況、問題、以及改善方案，進而比較兩市之情形，以供台北與漢城兩市之國小學校本位教學視導實際運作參考。為達到上述目的，本研究採文獻分析、問卷調查、以及訪談等三種研究方法。問卷調查法以自編之「國民小學教學視導之比較研究─以台北市及漢城市為例」為研究工具，研究對象以立意抽樣方式抽取台北市的12所國小及漢城市的8所國小，台北市發出233份問卷，回收174份，回收率74.7%；漢城市發出191份，回收171，回收率89.5%。所得資料以百分比、次數、卡方考驗等統計方法加以分析。至於訪談內容則以問卷題目無法深入探討之問題為範圍而成，根據該訪談內容，與台北及漢城兩市之三位教育人員進行訪談，以獲取更豐富的資訊。 　　根據問卷調查及訪談結果，獲致以下結論： 　　一、目前中、韓教育在強調鬆綁、權力下放及追求「學校本位」的趨勢下，兩國在教學視導方面皆推展學校本位教學視導。 　　二、在學校本位教學視導之實施現況方面，台北市與漢城市相較之下，台北市國小尚未正式規定實施之，漢城市國小則以具體且多樣方式實施學校本位教學視導。 　　三、台北與漢城兩市之國小教師均表示對教學視導理論有所瞭解，且認同教學視導之必要性。 　　四、台北與漢城兩市之國小教師參與教學視導之態度積極，尤其，漢城市國小之女性、資歷較淺、以及中小規模國小變項的教師，與台北市之相同變項教師相比之下，參與態度更為積極，可說此些變項的漢城市教師的自我成長動機較高。 　　五、教師接受視導時，準備教學視導的程度方面，台北市之國小教師較為消極，可能是因目前台灣教育制度尚無有關教師評鑑之法律規定，而教師對教學視導沒有很大壓力所致的。 　　六、漢城市受訪者對學校本位教學視導之成功與否表示肯定，但台北市受訪者則表示，因目前實際上沒有正式實施學校本位教學視導，而無法判斷其成功與否。 　　七、台北與漢城兩市教師皆認為，在學校本位教學視導之實施當中，最大的問題為教師迴避教學視導之現象，且兩市受訪者亦視教師排斥教學視導之現象為教學視導實施遭遇到的最大問題之一。 　　八、台北與漢城兩市教師皆偏好同儕視導與自我評估視導，且多數兩市教師認為教師個人進修活動對教學改善有幫助，亦即兩市教師迴避為評鑑而實施之視導，且偏好民主導向之視導方式。 　　九、台北與漢城兩市之國小教師皆認為改善教學方法之先決條件為減輕教師之非教學任務負擔及提高教師之教學改善意願為前提。且兩市受訪者皆強調，在學校本位教學視導之改善方面，校長及主任教師等學校裡教學視導專業人士之培育相當重要。

本研究旨在探討國民中學學校本位管理與教師參與行政決定之關係，以作為教育主管機關及學校單位提昇學校本位管理及教師參與行政決定之參考。研究方法以問卷調查法為主，半結構式訪談法為輔，研究調查對象為桃園縣公立國民中學教師，研究工具為「國民中學學校本位管理與教師參與行政決定之調查問卷」，回收362份，回收率94.8％，無效問卷6份，有效問卷共356份有效回收率為93.2％。為進一步深入了解桃園縣國民中學學校本位管理與教師參與行政決定之關係，以立意取樣為原則，訪談資深校長、主任，以及教師共9位。 依據研究資料分析，獲得以下結論： 1.桃園縣國民中學教師知覺學校本位管理現況，在整體表現上屬良好程度。各層面以課程與教學最高、其次為人事選用與管理、校務行政運作，經費分配與運用最後。 2.桃園縣國民中學教師知覺教師參與行政決定現況，在整體表現上屬良好程度。各層面以教師教學與行政最高、其次依序為學生訓導與管理、人事管理與考評、學生輔導與計劃，最後為事務管理與規劃。 3.教師性別、年齡、最高學歷，以及校長性別，對學校本位管理整體及各層面，無顯著差異。 4.學校本位管理整體表現上，因教師現任職務、曾經擔任行政職務與校齡，而有顯著差異。對各層面上有顯著差異者，分別為（1）校務行政運作：教師本校年資、現任職務、曾經擔任行政職務、學校規模與校齡。（2）課程與教學：教師本校年資與曾經擔任行政職務。（3）人事選用與管理：教師現任職務、曾經擔任行政職務、校長性別與校齡。（4）經費分配與運用：教師現任職務、曾經擔任行政職務與校齡。 5.教師性別與年齡，對教師參與行政決定整體及各層面，無顯著差異。 6.對教師參與行政決定各層面上有顯著差異者，分別為（1）教師教學與行政：教師現任職務、曾經擔任行政職務、學校規模與校齡。（2）學生訓導與管理：教師現任職務、曾經擔任行政職務與校齡。（3）學生輔導與計畫：教師現任職務、曾經擔任行政職務、學校規模與校齡。（4）事務管理與規劃:教師本校年資、現任職務、曾經擔任行政職務、學校規模與校齡等背景變項，有顯著差異。（5）人事管理與考評：教師最高學歷、本校年資、現任職務、曾經擔任行政職務、學校規模與校齡。 7.桃園縣國民中學學校本位管理與教師參與行政決定之相關，達顯著正向相關。 8.學校本位管理各層面對整體教師參與行政決定，具有預測力的變項共有三個，依序是人事選用與管理、校務行政運作、經費分配與運用，整體教師參與行政決定的總解釋變異量為55.6％。 9.學校本位管理對教師參與行政決定的預測能力相當良好，在各層面及整體上，除「事務管理與規劃」外，皆以人事選用與管理之預測能力最高，且其個別之解釋變異量均在31.8％以上。 根據研究結果提出下列幾點建議，以供教育行政機關、國民中學校長、相關教育人員，以及未來相關研究之參考。 1.善用學校自主權，落實學校本位管理。 2.落實學校本位管理有助於增進教師參與行政決定。 3.適度增進教師對學校相關經費預算分配與運用的參與。 4.擴大教師參與事務管理與規劃相關工作。 5.鼓勵教師參與學校行政工作。 6.適度減輕導師工作負擔，促進參與行政決定。 7.重視老舊學校組織變革之推展。 / In this study, junior high school-based management and the relationship between teacher participation in administrative decisions, as education authorities and schools to enhance school-based management unit and a reference for teachers to participate in administrative decisions. Research method was a survey-based, semi-structured interviews, giving the survey was conducted in Taoyuan County public elementary school teachers, the research tool for the "junior high school-based management and teachers to participate in administrative decision questionnaire", recovery 362 recovery of 94.8%, 6 were invalid questionnaires, a total of 356 valid questionnaires rate was 93.2%. To further understand the Taoyuan County middle school teachers to participate in school-based management and the relationship between administrative decisions, the principle of purposive sampling, interviews with experienced principals, and teachers a total of nine. Based on the data analysis, the following conclusions: 1. Taoyuan County Junior High School teachers perceived the status of school-based management, the overall level of performance is good. Curriculum and instruction at all levels to the highest, followed by personnel selection and management, school administration operation and application of the final allocation of funds. 2. Taoyuan County Junior High School teachers perceived status of teachers to participate in administrative decisions; the overall level of performance is good. To teachers at all levels of teaching and administrative highest, followed by student discipline and management, personnel management and evaluation, student counseling and planning, and finally for the Management and Planning. 3. Teacher sex, age, educational background, and the principals of gender, on various aspects of school-based management as a whole, no significant difference. 4. School-based management of the overall performance, due to the current position of teachers, who served as executive positions with the school age, but there are significant differences. There were significant differences on various levels who were (1) The operation of school administration: school teachers, seniority, and current position, served as administrative duties, school size and school age. (2) Curriculum and Instruction: Teacher school years and served as administrative duties. (3) Personnel selection and management: current posts of teachers had administrative duties, the principal gender and school age. (4) The allocation of funds and use: teachers current position, served as executive positions with the school age. 5. Teacher sex and age, on the teachers to participate in administrative decisions and the level of the whole, no significant difference. 6. On the teachers to participate in administrative decisions were significant differences in the surface layers, respectively (1) Teaching and administration: current posts of teachers had administrative duties, school size and school age. (2) The student discipline and management: current posts of teachers had executive positions with the school age. (3) Student guidance and planning: current posts of teachers had administrative duties, school size and school age. (4) Management and Planning: Teacher school years, the current position, served as administrative functions, such as school size and school background variables age, there are significant differences. (5) Personnel management and evaluation: the highest academic qualifications of teachers, school years, the current position, served as administrative duties, school size and school age. 7. Taoyuan County Junior High School teachers to participate in school-based management and related administrative decisions, reaching a significant positive correlation. 8. School-based teachers to participate in the overall management of the face layers of administrative decisions, predict a total of three variables, order of the personnel selection and management, school administration operations, funds allocation and utilization, overall teachers to participate in the general interpretation of administrative decisions variance of 55.6%. 9. School-based management of administrative decisions on the teachers to participate in very good predictive ability, at all levels and on the whole, except "Service management and planning", the tailor of personnel selection and management of the forecasting ability of the highest and the interpretation of individual variance 31.8% were over. Based on the findings the following suggestions for educational administration, junior high school principals, related education personnel, and future research. 1. Good use of school autonomy, the implementation of school-based management. 2. To implement school-based management will help enhance teachers to participate in administrative decisions. 3. Moderate increase of teachers on school-related budget allocation and use of participation. 4. Expand the teachers involved in transaction management and planning related work. 5. To encourage teachers to participate in school administration. 6. Appropriate to reduce teacher workload, and promote participation in administrative decision. 7. Attention to the old school to promote organizational change.

本研究以質性研究的方法，深入了解新竹縣雲雲國民小學（化名）學校本位課程創意教學實際呈現的樣貌、發展的歷程以及影響機制，藉由個別訪談、焦點團體座談之內容及資料蒐集與分析，瞭解學校實施學校本位課程創意教學之現況。本研究內容共分為三大項： 一、學校本位課程創意教學實際樣貌 （一）觀念創新 （二）環境創新 （三）技術創新 （四）流程創新 （五）社區、民間團體交流創新 （六）產品創新 （七）活動創新 （八）特色創新。 二、學校本位課程創意教學發展歷程 （一）發展背景的SWOT分析 （二）發展的契機 學校發展需求、教師要自我成長、培養學生認識家鄉、校長辦學理念、 時代潮流趨勢以及社區家長期盼。 （三）教學團隊的發展階段 形成期、溝通期、調整期、表現期以及轉換期。 三、學校本位課程創意教學影響機制 （一）助力因素 學生方面、教師方面、學校行政方面、校園環境方面、家庭方面、 教育行政機關方面以及外界資源提供方面。 （二）阻力因素 學生方面、教師方面以及學校行政方面。 根據研究內容之論證，可知，雲雲國小學校本位課程創意教學是「新奇的」並且「有價值的」。

本研究採用台北市政府教育局所發展的「發展性教學輔導系統」作為研究工具，以台北縣一所國中的二位實習教師作為研究對象，進行學校本位教學視導的行動研究，藉以瞭解學校本位教學視導對實習教師在教學輔導上的成效。 本研究先以文獻分析法探討學校本位教學視導的理論內涵，再從實施學校本位教學視導所蒐集的教學觀察、座談回饋、學生反應、教師感想等等相關資料，分析比較二位實習教師在接受學校本位教學視導前後的教學變化情形，並與一位未接受學校本位教學視導的實習教師作對照，最後提出如下的研究發現與建議： 一、研究發現 （一）學校本位管理與教學視導為學校本位教學視導的理論基礎。 （二）學校本位教學視導的實施方式會因校制宜。 （三）實施學校本位教學視導可以幫助教師專業成長，增加教師教學信心；促進教學專業對話，建立教學專業團隊；提高學生學習興趣，提升學生學習效果；培訓教學視導人員，成為校內種子教師。 二、綜合建議 （一）教學視導的規準與指標內容要具體、客觀、明確。 （二）依學校條件與教師需求權變實施學校本位教學視導。 （三）學校本位教學視導應成為學校例行措施。 （四）教師聘約上明文規定教師應接受學校本位教學視導。 （五）師資培育機構協助教育實習學校培訓教學視導人員。 （六）採用質量並行的研究方法繼續後續研究。 / The research adopts Developmental Instructional Assistance Program developed by the bureau of education in Taipei City Government as the study tool. The subjects of the research are two intern teachers who work in a junior high school of Taipei County. In order to realize the effect of school based instructional supervision on intern teachers’ teaching assitance, we proceed the action research of school based instructional supervision. First, the research explores the content of the theory school based instructional supervision by means of literature analysis, And then put it into practice. In the wake of collecting relevant information about teaching observation, discussion feedback, students’ reaction, teachers’opinions etc., analyze and compare the difference of the two intern teachers’teaching, which is compared before accepting schoolbased instructional supervision and after accepting it. Moreover, in contrast with an intern teacher who does not accept school based instructional supervision, we finally bring forward the findings of the research and suggestions as follows： 1. The findings of the research： （1） School based management and instructional supervision are the basis of the theory school based instructional supervision. （2）The method of implementing school based instructional supervision should be alternative. （3）Implementing school based instructional supervision helps teachers cultivate professional, increases teacher’s confidence in teaching, promotes professional conversation in teaching, establishes professional group in teaching, uplifts student’s interest in learning, enhances student’s learning effect, and training instructional supervision personnel to make them beome seed teachers in schools. 2.Integrated suggestions： （1） The content of the standard and indication for instructional supervision must be concrete, objective, and definitive. （2） Delegate and implement school based instructional supervision, depending on school’s conditions and teacher’s needs. （3）School based instructional supervision Should become the routine in schools. （4） It should be clearly stipulated in the formal letter of employment that teacher should accept school based instructional supervision. （5）The teacher training institutes assist educational intern schools to educate and train instructional supervision personnel. （6）Adopt the method of research, which is qualifying accompanied with quantifying, to continue the follow-up research.

摘　　要 　　教師專業的發展是我國教育改革的重要工作項目之一，若能提升教師專業發展的成效，不但能帶動學生的學習成就，也更能落實教育改革的目標。 當前「教師專業發展」的模式或作法，主要的趨勢有二，一是強調「學校本位」，一是建立「專業標準」。本研究整合了國際趨勢以及台灣現行的作法，將「教師專業發展」的模式或作法分為四種：1.「教師自主，由下而上」、2.「校長領導，由上而下」、3.「政府推動，彈性支持」、4.「政府推動，要求規範」，前兩者屬於「學校本位」的模式或作法。本研究即以「學校本位」為核心，探討教師「教與學相關因素」及教師知覺到的「學習的組織文化」與教師對「學校本位教師專業發展」的態度之關係。 本研究所探討教師的「教與學相關因素」為教師的「學習動機」、「教學內在動機」以及「教學創新行為」，其中「學習動機」可分為「學習精熟取向」、「趨向表現取向」及「迴避表現取向」；「教學內在動機」則包含「接受挑戰與開放經驗」、「教學的福樂經驗」。而教師知覺到的「學習的組織文化」包含「知識分享與流通」、「經營管理支持」、「深度對談」、「共享價值」、「知識社群」以及「合作」等六個因素。 本研究以「一般學校」的252位教師（男32%,女68%）以及「標竿學校」的210位教師（男27%,女73%）為樣本進行調查，其中「標竿學校」是教育部評定辦理九年一貫課程出色的教師團隊。本研究所使用工具包括吳靜吉等（民87）修訂的「成就目標量表」、吳靜吉等（民87）修訂的「教學創新行為量表」、林偉文（民91）編製的「教學動內在動機量表」、林偉文（民91）「學習的組織文化量表」，以及自編之「專業發展態度問卷」。 研究結果發現，在四種作法中教師最傾向認為「教師自主，由下而上」的「學校本位」作法有效，但卻又最不同意其為可行的作法，同時教師也最同意這樣的教師專業發展的作法會為教師帶來大的壓力。而「校長領導，由上而下」的方式，教師最不傾向認為它是有效的作法，但卻傾向同意它是可行的作法。本研究要求教師從四種作法中依序選出參與的意願，結果顯示，相當比例的教師將「教師自主，由下而上」的作法視為第一選擇，也有相當數目的教師將其視為最後選擇，形成二極化的情形。但是對於「校長領導，由上而下」的作法，最少教師視其為第一選擇，最多教師視其為最後選擇。 逐步回歸分析的結果顯示，對二種「學校本位教師專業發展」作法的「有效性」，教師「學習精熟取向」及「挑受挑戰與開放經驗」有最大的預測力，而在二種「學校本位教師專業發展」作法的「可行性」方面則同時被「教學創新行為」及「經營管理支持」二變項預測。典型相關分析的結果顯示，「教與學相關因素」中「學習精熟取向」、「接受挑戰與創新行為」、「教學福樂經驗」、「教學創新行為，及「學習的組織文化」的六個因素程度愈高，則教師對不同專業發展的「可行性」及「有效性」同意程度也愈高。說明了教師以學習精熟取向為動機，教學內在動機和教學創新行為皆高，而有又良好學習的組織文化的教師，願意接受各種方式的專發展。 最後，本研究根據研究結果對政府對動者、學校管理者以及未來研究提出相關建議。

社會變遷的快速，推波助瀾學校教育改革的腳步。學校教育不能原地踏步，必須有所創新；學校教育必須能掌握社會脈動，才能提供學子隨機應變的能力。因此，教育改革勢在必行。 中央統籌規劃的課程是一套統一的架構，並未考量學生生活經驗、學生成長背景、學生民族身分..，所以，為了改善上述缺失，教育部現今推行的九年一貫國民教育，在課程規劃上，安排一周兩節課的彈性學習時間，提供給各小學彈性運用課程的設計，也就是鼓勵學校妥善運用這兩節課時間，設計規劃適合該校學童學習的課程活動。精神上強調培養學生帶得走的能力、期望學生從此課程學習中找到學習的樂趣，從而喜愛上學、更有自信面對挑戰。課程的內容可以是各學科的補救教學活動；或是結合社區發展、自然生態資源、機關團體的課程設計；還是民族文化相關的課程發展活動…。因此，學校本位課程的推動，彰顯了各學校的發展特色。 不同的民族，有不同的風土民情；語言、習俗上的不同，讓台灣境內各民族有了各自不同的特色。學校本位課程所提供各學校彈性的自主課程設計，造就了原住民小學與漢人小學在課程設計方向上不同的發展。原住民小學發展了與該學校學童民族身分相關的民族文化課程活動，有的是民族語言課程、民族舞蹈活動、原住民合唱社團、還有原住民祭儀活動，以及傳統編織、織布技藝等課程。漢人小學則多是結合社區發展鄉土人文、自然生態，或是與社區機關、社團結合的課程活動。 本論文是以比較分析台灣中部以北地區，八所原漢國民小學所推動的學校本位課程活動，透過訪談、問卷調查，綜合歸納後得到下列點結論： 壹、原住民小學學校本位課程發展傾向於民族文化相關課程。 貳、漢人小學學校本位課程發展多與社區資源相結合。 參、原住民教師比漢人教師關心民族教育。 肆、學生喜愛主題活動式課程。 伍、學校本位課程活動設計打造學校特色。 / Study and Analyze the School-based Curriculum of Aboriginal Schools and General School for the Northern of Taiwan Elementary Schools The modern society changes so fast that it accelerates the revolution in our system of education and the school education system should innovate in order to make progress instead of regression. To provide students with the ability to adapt modern society, which changes all the time, revolution in our educational system is imperative. The central government designed curriculum, a prevailing uniformity of educational skeleton, concerns nothing about the living experience, backgrounds and special racial dignity of the individual, so the Department of Education promotes the nine-year integrated education, an educational frame, in order to correct the flaw that ignores individual characteristics. The nine-year integrated education provides the flexibility in program design by arranging elastic courses two times a week. In other words, the purpose on this special educational frame is that appropriate arrangement for activities and programs which suit students. Moreover, the essence of the nine-year integrated education puts emphasis on the spirit that the individual can see the fun of learning. In additionnine-year integrated education, students love to go to school and act with confidence to face challenges. The ingredients of the program may contain tutorial class or cooperate with community development, nature resources, and public welfare organizations. Therefore, advocating the school-based curriculum makes traits of every single school more obvious. Generally speaking, diverse races have dissimilar cultures which are unique. The variety of historical backgrounds, languages and custom contribute the special feature which belongs to natives in Taiwan. The school-based curriculum which offers flexibility in program design makes the difference in curriculum arrangement between aboriginal elementary school and general elementary school. The aboriginal elementary schools have developed the cultural programs, which include mother language, folk dance, chorus, ritual ceremony and traditional weave skill, relating to their historical background according to the traits that students present. On the other hand, the general elementary schools combine their programs with native humanism, environmental concerns or cooperate with community activities and public welfare organizations. The thesis analysis and compares the school-based curriculum of eight schools which include aboriginal and general elementary schools in north and central Taiwan by interviews, questionnaires and then obtains conclusions represented below. 1. The school-based curriculum of aboriginal elementary school inclines to develop cultural programs. 2. The school-based curriculum of general elementary school chiefly combines with community resources. 3. The aboriginal teachers concern more about national education than other teachers. 4. The students prefer topical subject curriculums. 5. Designing school-based curriculum forms characteristics of schools.

本研究為了解教育政策之執行力此一主題，選取一所國民中學為研究場地，透過訪談了解研究對象在學校本位課程發展中的表現，輔以文件、網頁訊息等資料，一方面企圖觀察其學校本位課程發展是否已經啟動，以描繪出個案學校的課程發展輪廓：另一方面則在分析影響學校本位課程發展成效之原因，目的在於為教育政策執行成效提供理論上的解釋。 經由分析訪談資料並驗證研究架構之後，本研究發現個案學校的學校本位課程發展，表現在由上而下的行政規劃上，但尚缺乏由下而上的集思廣益機制，以致於個案學校之學校本位課程發展成效不彰。最後並對個案學校與後續研究提出若干建議。 / In order to understand the "policy implementation ability of educational policy", the researcher chose a junior high school as the studying case. On one hand, the researcher interviewed with several teachers active in the school-based curriculum development("SBCD"), telling how it worked; on the other hand, the researcher tried to analyze the causes of the performance of SBCD of the school, aiming at a theoretical explanation of the "policy implementation ability of educational policy" . Having followed the research procedure, this article concluded that the performance of SBCD of the school was far from satisfying, because of the lack of a "bottom-up group-think mechanism". Finally, this artical ended with some suggestions concerning with the studying-case school and the follow-up resarch.

本研究旨在探討國民小學學校本位教學視導的實施與其提升教師專業成長之意見。主要目的有：（1）藉由探討國民小學學校本位教學視導與教師專業成長之相關理論做為本研究之基礎，並可做為我國實施此制度時之參考；（2）透過問卷調查，欲瞭解我國國民小學實施學校本位教學視導的情形與意見；（3）透過問卷調查，欲瞭解國小教師對學校本位教學視導增進教師專業成長之看法；（4）探討教師個人背景變項與其對學校本位教學視導看法的關係；（5）探討教師個人背景變項與其對教師專業成長各變項間的關係；（6）綜合研究結果，提出結論與建議，俾做為日後國民小學實施學校本位教學視導、提升教師專業成長與未來進一步研究之參考。 本研究所使用的研究方法有：文獻分析法、問卷調查法、與內容分析法等。係以台灣地區各縣市之公私立國民小學為主要調查對象，包括國小校長、主任及教師。採用分層等比例隨機抽樣的方式，共計發出1000份問卷，回收666份，回收率為66.6﹪，其中有效問卷為624份。研究工具為自編之「國民小學學校本位教學視導與教師專業成長之研究」調查問卷。問卷的處理採用SPSS 8.0 for Windows套裝統計軟體，進行百分比、次數、平均數、標準差及卡方考驗等統計分析。 本研究的主要結論如下： 一、學校本位教學視導在先進國家已趨盛行發展。 二、國內推展學校本位教學視導的工作亦開始萌芽。 三、現行視導方式有待加強改進。 四、教師多認同學校本位教學視導的理念，但迫於時間限制難以配合。 五、學校本位教學視導具許多優點，應普遍推廣使之制度化。 六、學校本位教學視導是一套可促進教師專業成長的制度。 最後，研究者根據文獻探討、實施範例及本研究實證的調查結果，提出下列對教育行政機關、學校、教師、與後續相關研究的建議： 壹、對教育行政機關的建議有：一、遴選有意願之學校先行試辦；二、推動校際或社區合作，設置相關資源網站；三、定期舉辦相關研習以利推廣；四、教育行政機關應設法提高教師編制。 貳、對學校的建議有：一、校長以身作則，推展校內教學視導工作；二、學校行政單位應各方面協助以利實施；三、學校教師會亦應負起推廣觀念的責任；四、校內可成立一專門的委員會辦理實施。 參、對教師的建議：一、發展程度較高的教師可鼓勵其自我視導；二、應多鼓勵年輕、資淺的教師瞭解並參與教學視導；三、教師應具備開放與學習的態度以追求專業成長。 肆、對後續相關研究的建議有：包括在研究範圍方面（含文獻蒐集、學制、地區與研究對象等）、與對於本研究之研究工具的檢討。