1 |
北愛爾蘭問題--衝突與和解 / Northern Ireland--ethnic conflict and democracy張家瑞, Chang, Jia-Ray Unknown Date (has links)
本論文嘗試去了解一般性的族群理論,並對北愛爾蘭問題加以分析與解釋,以期對北愛爾蘭的族群衝突原因,民族自決如何落實,以及族群社會的政治穩定如何獲致等等能提供更有效的理解模式. / Northern Ireland is caught beteen war and peace.On the one hand, there is a widespread desire for a permanent end to violence, but on the other hand big political divisions continue to keep unionism and nationalism apart. The conflict in Northern Ireland has economic, political ,history, and cultural aspects.Otherwise,from the outset, the conflict in Northern Ireland has had an international dimension. Then this thesis goes on to show and assess how the British state offered for a resolution of the conflict.
|
2 |
族群衝突與政治整合:比利時與台灣之比較研究 / Ethnic Conflict and Political Integration : A Comparative Study of Belgium and Taiwan劉華宗, Liu, Hua-tsung Unknown Date (has links)
東西冷戰結束後,族群衝突問題躍為國際政治社會最主要的焦點。比利時和台灣的族群衝突,共同點為少數族群為優勢族群,對多數族群進行強勢支配,多數族群在經過一段時間後,為爭取自身權益群起抗爭,少數族群為維護相對優勢地位及利益,對多數族群的抗爭起而反制,於是族群衝突問題加劇。族群衝突的結果,兩敗俱傷,於是乃有走上政治整合之路以解決之。
本文以權力分享途徑、政治體系環境因素、政治社會學的分析法與比較法,比較研究比利時和台灣的族群衝突問題,包括衝突的背景、衝突的事實,以及解決之道。研究結果,比利時的制度化政治整合,雖保障了族群權益,卻也造成族群隔閡的制度化與永久化。台灣未來解決族群衝突問題,有自然融合與政治制度化保障兩條途徑,兩者各有其利弊得失,惟從過去十餘年的發展歷程來看,未來採族群自然融合發展的可能性較高。
|
3 |
國際安全機構對族群衝突的干預 / International security institutions' intervention in ethnic conflict張棋炘, Chang, Chi Shin Unknown Date (has links)
冷戰結束後的第一個十年,國際關係當中的最主要特徵就是族群衝突的出現,不過卻顯然缺乏適當的理論可以解釋此一現象,更遑論其解決。雖然族群衝突並非嶄新現象,但是其發生頻率在整個90年代當中卻是最高,也因此衝擊到整個國際安全議程的設定,國際安全機構甚至主動介入其中,為族群衝突的解決找到了可能的方案。傳統國際關係當中的主流理論並無法適當地解釋這一現象,其他研究者所嘗試建構的族群衝突理論也多半將重心集中在分析衝突的起源,對於族群衝突的解決同樣無法提供有力的解釋。
有關族群衝突的起因或過程,已經存在許多的解釋,但是對於族群衝突解決的研究卻缺乏系統性的研究。本文主張,國際安全機構乃是可以用來解決族群衝突的一項良好的制度性工具。原因一方面在於國際安全機構本身就是國際社會成員為追求共同利益、降低交易成本所建構出來的制度產物,在其中必然涵蓋了解決衝突的規範和程序,特別是當族群衝突的發生已經影響到國際社會的共同利益,國際安全機構勢將依據制度啟動衝突解決。另一方面,族群衝突過程當中的暴力程度和缺乏互信狀態,也使得衝突各造難以自行尋找出可行的解決方案。根據衝突解決研究途徑來看,由擁有強制力量的國際安全機構出面改變衝突的結構,將因此為族群衝突的解決創造機會。換言之,以制度主義理論為經,解釋國際安全機構的動機;以衝突解決架構為緯,分析國際安全機構在解決族群衝突過程中的角色和功能,將能夠充分解釋國際安全機構介入並干預族群衝突這一現象。本文也將以發生在非洲和東歐的幾次重大族群衝突案例來進一步驗證此一論點。 / The main feature of international relations in the first decade after the Cold War is the burgeoning of ethnic conflicts. IR theorists soon find themselves uncomfortable while trying to explain the phenomenon, not even close to the ‘resolution’. Ethnic conflicts are apparently not new to this globe, but they happened everywhere and thereby dominated international security agenda-setting, especially in the 1990s. In the meantime, international security institutions actively intervened in those conflicts and settled some of them. This could not be explained by the traditional IR theories either. Those ethnic conflict theories focus most of the origins, are also incapable of offering good analysis.
There is still in lack of systematic research about the resolution of ethnic conflicts. The thesis claim international security institutions are well-designed and institutionalized to settle ethnic conflicts for two reasons. Firstly, international security institutions are the product of international cooperation for common good and transaction-cost cutting. Conflict regulating mechanisms are always embedded in these institutions. These mechanisms will be automatically activated while regional (or international) security is seriously endangered. Secondly, bloody violence and antagonism makes the conflicting parties hard to find feasible solutions to end these conflicts. According to the conflict resolution approach, the ethnic conflicts could be settled when international security institutions taking initiative to change the structure of conflict.
By taking both institutionalism theory and conflict resolution approach as an analytical scheme, the thesis will not only explain the motives for international security institutions’ intervention, but also analyze the roles that international security institutions can play during the conflict process. Four case studies followed will be further explored to testify this hypothesis.
|
4 |
後冷戰時期非洲族群衝突之研究陳元 Unknown Date (has links)
後冷戰時期非洲地區依然存在族群衝突問題,其原因來自於族群地位不平等,以致族群間無法融合。非洲國家若無法建立起「國家利益優先於族群利益」概念,並壓制「部落主義」情緒,則國家內部可能因族群爭權,而陷入長期動亂當中。盧安達種族屠殺及蘇丹內戰和達佛問題等,均係後冷戰時期非洲族群衝突的重要個案,本論文將加以深入研究。國際社會自美國於1993年出兵索馬利亞任務失敗後,對非洲動亂抱持冷漠態度,故造成1994年盧安達種族屠殺慘劇。自此之後,國際社會積極採取有效途徑,解決非洲地區動亂問題,而2004年國際社會積極處理蘇丹達佛衝突,即在避免重蹈盧安達事件的覆轍。本論文將透過後冷戰時期非洲族群衝突個案探討,從中找出非洲族群衝突的根源、影響族群衝突的內外部原因及國際社會介入處理的成效。
|
Page generated in 0.0258 seconds