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無面值股票與相對流通性之研究林俊安 Unknown Date (has links)
各國的股票市場無不以流動性、活絡性為主要發展目標,然在我國目前法令規範,上市櫃公司面額固定且須為十元,可能與此目標背道而馳。本文即從法律的角度探討股票之票面金額股制度存在之必要性,並以實證分析探討面額制度對股票流通性暨股利政策之影響。綜合相關文獻探討與本文實證研究分析,上市櫃公司面額固定且須為十元之規定並不利於高價股之流通,且票面金額股制對於目前政府推行海外企業來台上市之政策亦有所影響,而考量現存制度之潛在缺失且在我國證券市場發展愈趨成熟之際,或可引入無面額股票制度,在相關配套措施輔助下,無面額股票制度之推行,除能活絡股票之流通性外,且能促使公司自主的採行健全之股利政策,並有益於吸引海外企業來台上市,對台灣證券市場之國際化不啻是一種幫助。 / This research focuses on the par value stock system, and examines the par value system in Taiwan to see the influence on the liquidity of stock shares and the corporation’s dividend policy. Evidence reveals that the par value of stock certificates with par value of NT $10 has a negative impact on liquidity. Besides, current policy, listing in Taiwan by foreign issuers, is hard to be implemented smoothly because of the par value stock system. Considering the potential weakness of the existing system, perhaps we can adopt no par value stock and other alternatives. After we adopt the new system, we not only improve the liquidity of stock shares, but also encourage enterprises to adopt healthy dividend policy on their own way. Moreover, it’ll upgrade both the internationalization and competitiveness of Taiwan’s capital market.
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圖書流通業應用RFID資訊系統架構之探討林家全, Lin, Chia-Chuan Unknown Date (has links)
圖書出版業,包含出版中外圖書、雜誌、有聲出版品與報紙等。近年來,圖書出版業快速發展,國內圖書產量遽增,各種外文書也大量進入台灣市場。這對圖書業者而言,圖書品項管理與流通複雜度也隨之增加。而圖書流通業者,負責圖書批發、運輸倉儲與零售等,上游有多家出版社,而下游面對更多的零售業者,其擁有圖書種類與數量豐富,所以圖書管理複雜度比其他上游出版業者、下游零售業者更複雜。
無線射頻識別系統(Radio Frequency Identity,RFID),以RFID標籤辨識物件(棧板、物流箱,單品)獨特的產品電子碼(Electronic Product Code,EPC),並由建置在各地的讀取器和RFID中介軟體,記錄和擷取對應的物件資訊,對於存貨及物流管理來說,RFID出現帶來新方法讓貨品管理與追蹤變得更有效率。把流動於供應鏈的物件貼上RFID標籤,再以共用EPC網絡服務平台(EPC Network Service Platform)作為資訊共享,則將使物件在供應鏈上下游的資訊能見度(Visibility)更加提昇。
本研究先蒐集RFID相關文獻,而後選定對於RFID有基本認識、知道RFID應用方式的圖書流通公司,了解公司對RFID需求及應用方式,再針對業者的需求與應用方式做分析,即完成業者的RFID需求資訊分析,而後對於業者需求,提出一套RFID資訊系統參考架構,以滿足其對RFID的需求。接著再與個案公司訪談,參酌業者意見,進行參考架構驗證與修正,最後圖書流通業者應用RFID資訊系統架構呈現。而結論部分,則為本研究作個總結,並為後繼的研究者提出相關研究建議。 / Publishers publish magazines, books, videotapes, newspapers etc. When it comes to publishing, it is recently developed very rapidly. Many kinds of books have popped up in book industry and have lead to complexity of books management and distribution. Book distributors play important roles in book distribution and retail. Distributors get the books from publishers and send the books to retailers. Distributors have more books than publishers and retailers, so they face much more management complexity.
RFID can identify the object and learn its EPC by reading the object’s RFID tag. We can learn the object’s position by building RFID readers and RFID middlewares at the supply chain nodes. Due to RFID’s track and trace function materialflow and inventory management can enhance. Besides RFID, EPC Network Service Platform can strengthen information sharing between partners and lead to high visibility in the supply chain.
We collected RFID references and selected book distributors. These book distributors have known RFID. We tried to understand the RFID requirements of the book distributors and then did the RFID requirements analysis of the book distributiors. Based on the RFID requirements analysis, we proposed a RFID system architecture to satisfy the RFID requirements of the book distributors. Following, we interviewed the book distributors and then verified, revised the RFID system architecture. At last the final RFID system architecture is presented and the architecture is offered to book distributors for reference. About the conclusion, we offered some research suggestions for other RFID researchers.
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不同創新類型之知識資源建置過程研究劉俊毅, Lu,Chun-Yi. Unknown Date (has links)
Peter Drucker於1993 年在其著作中指出,在新的經濟體系裡,知識並不是和人力、資本或土地等並列為製造資源之一,而是唯一有意義的一項資源,在一個以知識為基礎的社會裡,最根本的經濟資源,不再是資本或自然資源,也不再是勞力,取而代之的是知識。既然知識是最重要的一項資產,企業就應該花更多的時間來管理知識,才能為企業帶來創新並創造價值。因此企業如何有效的創造和應用知識,就成為經營管理的主要手段(Soo & Park,1999)。而知識也逐漸被視為一種策略性的資產,知識的取得、整合、儲存、分享和應用為企業建立競爭優勢的必備能力(Zack 1999)。
Grant (1996)進一步提出知識基礎理論,他認為動態競爭環境的成功的要訣,就是將組織能力視為一種知識整合之方法,並且認為知識是組織最重要的策略性資源。不管是任何產品,無形或是有形的產品其背後的基礎都是知識智慧的累積,因此以知識為基礎的創新,是決定企業成功的關鍵因素。
本研究嘗試從知識基礎論的角度出發來探討在不同的創新類型之間,應採用何種的知識流通模式與知識整合機制較容易成功,研究方法採用質性研究之個案訪談法,研究對象為知識密集產業,總共訪談了八位高階主管,並將之整理成四個個案,經由分析歸納後得到以下幾點結論。
一、技術創新所需的知識屬性偏向於專屬性高;管理創新所需的知識屬性偏向於內隱性低。
二、知識屬性會影響創新過程中的知識取得與流通模式。當知識屬性為路徑相依性高時,組織的知識與流通傾向於採用內部自行發展;當知識屬性為路徑相依性低時,組織的知識與流通傾向於採用外部知識來源。
三、知識的取得與流通模式並不會對創新類型造成顯著影響,這是因為知識的取得與流通若要對企業創新造成進一步的影響,尚須配合組織本身的吸收與整合機制以及組織內部知識創造的過程,才能有效的進行企業創新。
四、創新類型與知識屬性會影響創新過程中的知識吸收與整合。當創新類型為技術創新,知識屬性為內隱性高、專屬性高時,組織的知識吸收與整合機制傾向於採用多方面的模式,包括了個人知識整合、團隊交流與文件化;當創新類型為管理創新,知識屬性為內隱性低時,組織的知識吸收與整合機制傾向於採用單方面的模式,而且多為團隊交流。
五、企業所擁有的互補性資產越高越有利於創新,從個案中發現企業若擁有良好的互補性資產,則在取得知識後,越能快速的進行企業創新。
六、不同的創新為企業所帶來的效益也不同,研究發現技術創新(產品創新與製程創新)為企業所帶來的效益通常是局部的;而管理創新(組織創新與策略創新)為企業所帶來的效益通常是全面的。 / Peter Drucker refer to knowledge, not compare with manufacturing resource such as labor or capital or land, is the only meaningful resource in new economy system in his writings in 1993.The fundamental economic resource in knowledge based society is not capital or natural resource or labor but knowledge. The enterprise should spend more time to manage knowledge since knowledge is the most important assets. Thus knowledge could bring innovation and create value for enterprise. Therefore, how to create and apply knowledge effectively has become a major issue for business administration(Soo & Park,1999). The knowledge has been regard as a strategic asset gradually. The acquisition, integration, accumulation and diffusion of knowledge is a necessary capability of enterprise to build competitive advantage.
Grant refer to knowledge based theory further in 1996.He consider the successful method in dynamic competitive environment is to regard organization capability as a method of knowledge integration and knowledge is the most important strategic resource of organization. The fundamental of all product, visible or invisible, is the accumulation of wisdom. Therefore, the knowledge-based innovation is the critical point of enterprise’s success.
This thesis try to discuss what kind of knowledge-diffusion model and knowledge-integration model would easily success in different innovation type from knowledge-based theory. The research methodology is case study of quality method and research target is knowledge intensive industry. The research has interviewed eight managers and concluded four case. Finally, we have some conclusion below :
1. The knowledge of technical innovation is partial to high specificity; the knowledge of managerial innovation is partial to low tacit.
2. The character of knowledge would influence knowledge acquisition and flow model. When character of knowledge is partial to high path dependent, the knowledge acquisition and flow model is partial to develop by enterprise itself;When character of knowledge is partial to low path dependent, the knowledge acquisition and flow model is partial to acquire from outside.
3. The knowledge acquisition and flow model would not influence innovation type obviously. If knowledge acquisition and flow model would influence innovation type obviously, it should match up with organization’s absorptive and integrative mechanism.
4. The innovation type and knowledge character would influence knowledge absorption and integration during innovation process. When innovation type is partial to technical innovation and knowledge character is partial to high tacit and high specificity, then organization’s absorption and integrative mechanism will be partial to adopt all-around methods, include personal knowledge integration, organizational communication and documentlization. When innovation type is partial to managerial innovation and knowledge character is partial to low tacit, then organization’s absorption and integrative mechanism will be partial to adopt one-way method, such as organizational communication.
5. The more complementary assets enterprise have, the easier enterprise to innovate. If enterprise have higher complementary assets, then they could proceed innovation immediately after acquire knowledge.
6. The different types of innovation bring different benefit to enterprise. We find technical innovation(product innovation and process innovation)bring partial benefit to enterprise, and managerial innovation (organizational innovation and strategic innovation)bring all-around benefit to enterprise.
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格差拡大と日本の流通仲上, 哲 23 March 2020 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(経済学) / 乙第13316号 / 論経博第403号 / 新制||経||293(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院経済学研究科経営学専攻 / (主査)教授 若林 靖永, 教授 田中 彰, 教授 塩地 洋 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Economics / Kyoto University / DGAM
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農業会計の会計方針に関する研究珍田, 章生 23 July 2014 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(農学) / 乙第12848号 / 論農博第2800号 / 新制||農||1027(附属図書館) / 学位論文||H26||N4865(農学部図書室) / 31431 / (主査)教授 小田 滋晃, 教授 新山 陽子, 教授 徳賀 芳弘 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Agricultural Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
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医薬品原薬の連続生産を目指した流通系晶析技術に関する研究古田, 雅士 23 September 2016 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第20003号 / 工博第4247号 / 新制||工||1657(附属図書館) / 33099 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科化学工学専攻 / (主査)教授 前 一廣, 教授 長谷部 伸治, 教授 河瀬 元明 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM
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清代禁書受容の研究尹, 敏志 23 March 2022 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(文学) / 甲第23636号 / 文博第893号 / 新制||文||716(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院文学研究科歴史文化学専攻 / (主査)教授 中砂 明徳, 教授 髙嶋 航, 准教授 三宅 正浩 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Letters / Kyoto University / DGAM
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中間財與關稅同盟之理論馬千惠, Ma, Qian-Hui Unknown Date (has links)
本研究之目的是試圖將關稅同盟之理論與中間財之理論結合在一起,探討在中間財貿
易之情況下,組成關稅同盟對一國福利水準的影響如何。
除了第一章為序論,說明研究之動機,和最後一章為結論外,共分三大部份,第一部
份是有關文獻的探討,從Jacob Viner 在一九五O年提供出關稅同盟之理論後,到最
近設定直接效用函數、間接效用函數討論三財 n財之情況。
第二、三部份則是根據Eden S, H. Yu
之方法稍加變更,分別探討純粹中間財,即中間財只用作投入生產最終財,與關稅同
盟之效果;和產業間流通(interindustry flow),即中間財不祇作為投入之用,且
用於最終消費時,組成關稅同盟對該國福利的影響。
#1028837p.abs
#1028837p.abs
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我國政府商業e化推動策略之探討 -以流通業與物流業為例 / An Examination of Government E-Commerce Promotion Policy in Taiwan – Evidence from Retailing Industry&Logistics IndustryAn Examination of Government E-Commerce Promotion Policy in Taiwan – Evidence from Retailing Industry&Logistics Industry張永美, Chang,Yung-Mei Unknown Date (has links)
台灣加入WTO後,各產業面臨全球化之激烈競爭,而國內流通業者如何在連鎖化、大型化、多樣化、差異化的趨勢中,善用高科技,創新經營模式,提升競爭力,已是刻不容緩的課題。台灣流通業者,規模小,數量多,e化人才不足,因此政府在這方面之協助,更顯重要性。
商業司自民國90年起推動「商業e化輔導推動計畫」至民國93年止已輔導了127個體系,共由127家受輔導廠商及其帶動上線企業26,641家接受政府補助進行各項B2B需求鏈的e化應用,如電子採購(e-Procurement)、電子帳務處理(e-Payment)、企業資源規劃(Enterprise Resource Planning)、協同規劃/預測/補貨系統(Collaborative Planning, Forecasting & Replenishment)等。
為了暸解其效益,本研究就民國93年年度接受政府輔導的11個行業別,42個體系,42家受輔導廠商及5,697家帶動上線企業進行問卷普查,及個案訪談加上專家意見,進行方式與步驟如下:
1. 針對帶動上線企業之問卷調查與分析,暸解其持續上線狀況,e化效益,e化交易金額比重,e化困難點,e化滿意度並給予企業提出相關建議等。
2. 依據帶動上線企業各項問卷普查及意見彙整後,再提供受輔導廠商予以回覆,並了解關鍵性績效指標之改善或提升程度。
3. 針對回卷率特別偏低或高,或無持續上線率偏高,或持續上線率高,之受輔導廠商進行深度個案訪談。
4. 佐以商業司主辦的各項會議之專家意見
本研究綜合上述各項調查、個案訪談、意見彙總,除瞭解政府商業e化推動措施對流通業及物流業之效益外,亦針對政府、流通業及資服業提出建議,希望能在產官學研的共同努力下,利用e化提升我國流通業之競爭力。 / Industries in Taiwan have been facing severe competition in the global marketplace since Taiwan joined the World Trade Organization (WTO). E-Commerce is touted as the necessary technology and management innovation for the retailing industry in Taiwan to improve its productivity and competitiveness. Since most retailers in Taiwan are small and medium firms, they frequently lack sufficient resource to implement E-Commerce. Consequently, government must provide the retailers with necessary support and guidance to upgrade their E-Commerce practices.
The Department of Commerce (DOC) in Taiwan has been actively assisting the retailers with their e-commerce implementation. Between 2001 and 2004, DOC embarked on the “E-Commerce Promotion and Assistance Plan” and successfully established 127 E-Commerce systems, sponsored 127 firms who subsequently involved 26,641 affiliated firms downstream to implement various B2B programs, including e-Procurement, e-Payment, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), and Collaborative Planning, Forecasting & Replenishment (CPFR).
The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of DOC’s current E-Commerce policy for supporting the retailers in Taiwan. To collect necessary information, this study surveyed 42 systems, 42 sponsored firms and 5,697 affiliated firms, visited several individual retailers, and interviewed a few industry experts. The following is the research procedure followed by this study.
1. Based on the completed questionnaires from the affiliated firms, this study analyzed and studied the progress, effectiveness, sales contribution, difficulties, and satisfaction of their E-Commerce implementation. Accordingly, several suggestions for improvement were proposed.
2. The feedback from the affiliated firms was provided to those sponsored firms for adjusting their future E-Commerce strategies.
3. Identified several sponsored firms who had either low or high usage of the established E-Commerce programs and conducted in-depth interviews to understand the success and failure of the implementation.
4. Solicited expert opinions from a few DOC-sponsored meetings.
With valuable information collected from the above sources, this study intends to shed light in the effectiveness of the government’s current E-Commerce policy. Additionally, this study hopes to provide suggestions to the government, the retailing industry, and the IT industry for improving the practice of E-Commerce and ultimately the global competitiveness of the retailing industry in Taiwan.
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育成中心的知識獲得、加值、擴散與累積-以工研院、台大、成大、元智與經濟部中小企業處為例陳峻志 Unknown Date (has links)
台灣的經濟主體是中小企業,而為培育具發展潛力的新興企業,國內自工研院創業育成中心於民國85年首創之後,已陸續成立了四十多個育成中心。育成中心是對有企業家精神之中小企業提供可以利用的空間、共同的支援服務,以及金融、行銷、管理方面的諮詢服務等,希望能夠對創業期,也就是最困難時的中小企業提供協助,以助其成長。因此「育成中心」此一觀念系統立即被有效的引進、吸收與實行,並已具相當成果。
本研究以國內育成中心此一創新機制,就其創立的過程,從國外育成中心的概念引進、國內相關機制的規劃與建立、開發主體的資源整合、對創業廠商育成服務的提供、到營運經驗的交流與擴散,將知識管理的觀念,應用在其活動中,嘗試來描繪創新育成中心知識管理的雛形。
本研究採個案研究法,以較早涉入育成中心事務的幾個單位—經濟部中小企業處、工研院創業育成中心、台大創新育成中心、成大創新育成中心、元智創新育成中心等為研究對象,希望探究以知識管理為內涵的創新育成中心如何運作。主要研究發現與結論有:
1.育成中心的概念主要來自國外,藉著到各國育成中心及其規劃組織進行實地參觀訪問,了解不同的育成中心發展的情境與實務經營的經驗,作為國內各育成中心規劃與發展的借鏡。
2.育成中心的建構,首先藉由「替代學習」引進國外育成中心管理之模式取得範例,然後再藉由「經驗學習」在過程中不斷吸收經驗並改進。知識的引進主要賴由大學育成中心所擁有的知識資源、管道與設備,藉由整合各種有形無形的知識資源來提供一個培育進駐廠商的環境。而對於進駐企業、開發主體內部其他單位、或其他關係人的回饋,育成中心加以分析或利用。育成中心維持在一個時常改變的狀態,配合實務營運的需要,不斷地變動其結構、作業程序、網路等。
3.育成中心的知識加值工作,依「人員互動依賴性」與「工作的複雜性」的高低,區分為:交易型、專家型、整合型、及合作型等四個類型。交易型工作為一般行政支援服務,育成中心將其制式化、標準化為進駐企業提供有效率的軟硬體服務。專家型工作乃是提供企業所需專業知識諮詢的管道,利用大學內教授、顧問或相關專業人員的引介,為進駐廠商提供各種知識的獲得與幫助;而育成中心也須對各類專業知識的進行盤點與聯絡。整合型工作以整合開發主體各部門與外界資金來源管道為主。合作型工作主要是跨機構組織、不同領域專業知識整合的工作模式,包括進駐審查與評估、整合專業知識資源進行輔導、擔任與政府或法令衝突時的協調者、輔助取得政府優惠等工作。
4.育成中心的知識流通可藉由:聯誼會進行經驗交流、不斷擴展人脈關係、舉辦研討會及座談會以交流分享、建立資料庫以數位化、範本化出版流傳。
5.育成中心的知識資本分為:人力資本、結構資本、與顧客資本。人力資本包括開發主體高階主管、育成中心經理人、各領域專家、教授、開發主體內高素質人才、人脈網絡等。結構資本是開發主體中的行政資源系統與無形的組織文化,協助育成中心的資源整合與運作。育成中心的顧客資本主要是進駐的新創企業與已畢業企業,在培育的互動過程中,得到他們意見的回饋與經驗的交流。
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