海巡署機動查緝隊為編配於各縣市行政轄區之偵防查緝單位，相當各縣市政府警察局之刑事警察大隊或分局偵查隊，各機動查緝隊亦為該署查緝主力並創造顯著績效，惟機動查緝隊偵防業務項目冗雜，事繁責重，並需隨時掌握轄區治安狀況，且工作時間長、壓力大，其工作的滿足感受，對治安工作的推動成效實具有很大的影響。 惟海巡署成立之初因納編多重身份人員，所以在組織編裝、人事任用、管理待遇、福利陞遷等管考問題，未有良善妥適整體規劃，尤其在人事制度適用上各有不同，遂有產生同工不同酬之疑義，影響內部團結，成為機關組織運作上之難處。 為提升查緝單位之組織士氣，兼顧各類人員特性與人才羅致的需要，以提升人力素質、發揮激勵作用，本研究乃就海巡署機動查緝隊人員有關工作滿足之主要面向探討，以期強化人員素質降低人員之離職率，俾利組織長期發展之需求。 本研究區分工作特性、薪資福利、升遷機會及離職傾向等四分析面向，藉由文獻探討、參與觀察及深度訪談方式，邀請11名現任、曾任或離職之查緝人員受訪，找出其促進工作滿足之顯著因素，並窺探其內心真實感受以及是否產生離職傾向。依據研究發現結果，提出下列建議：一、調整人員薪資待遇。二、訂定合理升遷管道。三、建立良善組織文化。四、有效改善工作環境。伍、激勵提振工作士氣。陸、落實基層裝備採購。七、積極招募偵緝新血。八、法制人事任用條例。九、形塑組織共同願景。 / The CGA reconnaissance brigades are investigation units assigned to the administrative jurisdiction of every county and city, which have the same duties as the Criminal Investigation Division of the Police Department or the Criminal Investigation Brigade at each precinct. Each of the reconnaissance brigades is also the major force of each unit and the contributor to the unit’s performance. However, the reconnaissance brigades’ operations and services are miscellaneous and of heavy duty. They should keep abreast of the security situation of their jurisdiction with an excess of pressure and working hours. Thus, their job satisfaction is a big influence on the execution of law and order in the area. The early establishment of the Coast Guard was quite hastily, which resulted in an improper overall planning of work inspection and evaluation such as organizational manning and equipping, personnel appointment, remuneration management, welfare and promotion. It is particularly noticeable in the personnel system as there is a suspicion of unequal payment for equal work. This may influence the internal unity of the team and become an obstacle in the organizational operation. In order to boost the morale of the investigation unit, the characteristics and talents of the personnel are taken into consideration as to enhance the human resource quality, to give them further incentives, and to look for the demand of talents needed in the unit. This study explores the major aspects of job satisfaction of the Reconnaissance Brigade of Coast Guard Administration in the interest of strengthening the human resource quality and reducing the turnover rate, which shall be beneficial for the organization to serve for the needs of long-term development. This study is divided into four different aspects of analysis – jobs characteristics, wages and employee benefits, opportunities of promotion, and turnover intentions. Through literature review, observation on the site and in-depth interviews with eleven current/retired/resigned personnel of the investigation unit, the major contributive factors of the job satisfaction are detected as well as the true inner feelings of the personnel and their turnover intentions. In accordance to our discovery, the following is a list of recommendations for this situation: 1) to adjust the salaries of the personnel; 2) to regulate proper promotion channels; 3) to establish a comprehensive institutional culture; 4) to improve the working environment effectively; 5) to cheer the personnel’s working morale; 6) to enforce the equipment procurement for the first-line employees; 7) to recruit further new personnel in an active way; 8) to stick to the rules of recruitment; 9) to shape a shared vision among the institution.

海洋是國家發展的利基，亦是我們賴以生存最重要的憑藉，更是捍衛國家安全的第一道防線。臺灣地處西太平洋第一島鏈中央地帶，戰略地位極為重要，從臺灣的地理特性和地緣位置來看，臺灣的國家安全與海洋是密切相關的，海洋不僅是國家安全的重要緩衝空間，也是維護國家安全的屏障和門戶，控制了海洋即可加大安全縱深，遏止來自於海洋方面的威脅。 臺灣是一個海洋國家，海洋權益的確保、藍色國土的經略乃政府施政的重大目標。今日我們面對海域主權權利、海洋資源、海洋環境等各項層面的威脅及挑戰，需站在戰略及國安的高度展開多面向的海洋戰略(包括尋求國際合作、爭取國際地位等)，並制定國家海洋政策，有效經營海洋資源，方能增進全方位的國家利益，以落實海洋國家發展願景。 行政院海岸巡防署為中華民國開國以來第一個依法定程序設立且律屬於行政院二級部會層級的海域執法專責機關，除海軍以外，為我國第二大擁有海上執法能量的武裝團隊，肩負起維護國家安全、海上治安及救災救難等重責大任；其擁有獨立運作且強而有力的海域司法管轄權，並代表國家執行公權力、伸張海權，以維護國家海洋權益及確保國家安全。 關鍵詞：國家安全、國安戰略、海權、海洋戰略、海洋政策、海軍戰略、地緣戰略、海巡署、海軍、海關 / The sea is the gateway for national development, the most important reliance for our survival, and the first line of defense for national security. Taiwan locates in the middle of the first island chain in the west Pacific with strategic significance. From the geographical points of view, Taiwan's national security closely relates to the sea, which not only acts as important buffer zone for national security, but also safeguards barriers and portals of national security. Controlling the sea deepens the depth of security and deterring threats from the sea. Taiwan is a maritime country. To ensure maritime rights and interests, the governance of Blue Territory is a major goal to the government. Today we are faced with issues such as the sovereign rights of the sea, marine resources, marine environment and other aspects of threats and challenges. It is necessary to take strategic vantage point of national security and expand multi-faceted maritime strategies (including international cooperation and international status, etc.). In order to effectively manage marine resources for all the spectrum of the national interests, national policies and visions of the sea should be developed and fullfilled. The Coast Guard Administration of the Executive Yuan (CGA) is the first ministerial agency of the Republic of China specifically for maritime law enforcement. In addition to the Navy, the CGA has become the country's second largest armed forces responsible for national security, maritime peace and search and rescue, etc. at sea. Representing national authority and sovereignty, it operates independently and holds strongly jurisdiction in sea territories to preserve national maritime rights and interests and to ensure national security. Keywords: national security, national security strategy, sea power, maritime strategy, sea policy, naval strategy, geostrategic, Coast Guard(CGA), Navy, Customs

海域執法儼然已成為全球化新興環境的核心議題，在面對周邊各國積極強化 海洋經營管理策略及戰略部署的同時，我國更應該思考如何強化海洋政策作為， 藉此與世界接軌，構建與各國間的等距平衡，從中獲得外交自主性，以確保國家 最大利益。 隨著聯合國海洋法公約的出現，為世界各國在海洋權益的維護上帶來全新的 依循規範，各國為因應此一趨勢，均積極採取因應作為，以求國家利益最大化。 兩岸同屬海岸線比例長的國家，且環境相似，加以兩岸文化相近，儘管在政治制 度上有差異，但面對當今海洋趨勢卻有諸多相同點，除海域執法機關演進之制度 走向相當外，與周邊國家海域爭端情形亦多相牽連。儘管兩岸現況仍處於複雜政 治關係，但就海域執法合作部分，雙方都希望可以藉助發展經驗相互交流，並在 對彼此都有利的情形之下展開合作，維護海洋權益，提升人民福祉。 中國大陸挾著其崛起的大國氣勢，明確提出「海洋強國」的戰略目標，具體 透過整合內部海上執法機關，展現維護國家海洋權益之決心，積極鞏固和擴大其 海洋的維權作為。面對中國大陸積極拓展海域執法力量的同時，臺灣應如何突破 政治困境，在維護國家尊嚴與人民福祉的前提下，尋求兩岸海域執法合作之互利 發展，已是現實環境所必須面臨的問題。 / With international communities’ awareness of marine development,the maritime law enforcement has become one of the core issues ofglobalized emergent environment. While the neighboring states havebeen actively promoting their strategies of marine management anddeploying tactically, Taiwan should consider the ways to promote itsmarine policy and conduction, to connect with the world and keepdiplomatic balance, and to ensure the nation’s interests. The announcement of the United Nations Convention on the Law ofthe Sea (UNCLOS) has established the guidelines for states to protecttheir rights and benefits. Hence, the states all actively adjust and modifytheir policies and regulations to seek nation’s interests. Mainland China and Taiwan both are countries with long coastlines and similarenvironments and culture. Although being different in political system,two sides have many viewpoints toward the trends of marine management in common. In addition to the similar institutionalization of maritime law enforcement, agencies of both sides are closely interconnected with the disputes of overlapping waters. Both sides express to protect their marine rights and benefits and the public’s interests by reciprocal exchange and experience sharing in regard to maritime law enforcement, both sides are still in the complicated political situation though. The strategic goal of the Mainland China is to become “marinepower”. The China shows the resolution to protect its marine rights and benefits by integrating domestic maritime law enforcement agencies. While facing the China’s actively strengthening its maritime law enforcement, Taiwan inevitably has to consider the possibilities and promotion of cross-straits cooperation on maritime law enforcement without compromising Taiwan’s dignity and the public’s interests.

進入全球化的21世紀，對於海上安全議題，個別國家已經無法獨自處理。海上安全議題所牽涉的範圍相當廣泛，尤其是必須面對傳統的與非傳統安全所交織而成的威脅，而這些威脅將對國家安全產生重大影響，因為海洋環境的安全，關係到世界各國的生存發展，如果海洋受到威脅，將對世界政治與經濟安全產生強烈衝擊，並嚴重危害人類社會秩序與穩定。 自1982年聯合國《海洋法公約》公布後，各沿海國家紛紛競逐海洋領土，引發區域內利益衝突，我國為一海洋國家，生存發展必須仰賴海上，當然也受到衝擊，舉凡海洋領土、海上交通、貿易、能源礦藏、漁業資源保育、環境保護等事項，均受到各國海權擴張的影響，囿於我國政治地位及地理環境的特殊性，周邊國家均不願正視我國的存在事實，加上專屬經濟海域與各國嚴重重疊因素，至今無法循正常外交管道協議劃界，進而衍生 “海洋領土爭議”、“漁權爭端”、“海域資源開發與探勘”及“海上犯罪”等影響我國家安全之問題。 目前各國在處理海洋爭端時，用和平與對話的方式是當今現代國家最高指導原則，但其核心仍然離不開海洋控制，所以發展強大的海上武裝力量仍將是實現海權必要步驟和標誌。但是，若動用海軍來處理海上非軍事面向的衝突時，將可能引發戰爭。因此，若要維護國家海權伸張以及降低軍事衝突的可能性，擁有一支足以擔負起海上安全任務、確保國家利益卻又不帶軍事色彩的海域執法機關是不可或缺的，惟有建構強大海上執法實力，我國海上安全與海洋權益才能獲得確保。本論文從中共、韓國、日本、菲律賓與越南等周邊國家，比較我國與各國在海洋事務之推展及海上執法機關能量之現況，發掘問題、分析檢討不足之處，進而提出符合我國國家安全與區域海上安全的對策。 / Maritime security is beyond the ability of each individual country in an era of globalization in 21st century as it involves extensive scope of topics especially for traditional and non-traditional threats they need to face, in which these threats will cause major impact on the national safety as the safety of marine environment is associated with survival and development of various countries in the world, there will be strong impact on the global politics, economy and safety and will severely endanger social order and stability of human beings once the ocean is being threatened. Since “Oceans and Law of the Sea”was announced by the United Nations in 1982, the various coastal countries have been competing for the marine territory and caused conflict of interests within the region, Taiwan is a marine country which relies on the sea for its survival and development and will by all means be affected. Those which are associated with marine territory, marine traffic, trade, energy & mineral resources, fishery resources care, environmental protection matters will be all affected by sea power expansion of various countries. Due to the particularity of our political status and geography, the peripheral countries all ignore the existence of Taiwan, and also, the territorial sea of Taiwan is overlapping with various countries, have led to unavailability of marking off the territory through normal diplomatic channels and further caused “sovereignty of marine territory dispute”, “fishing right dispute”, “resource development & investigation of territorial sea” and “cross-border” crime at sea and other issues that will affect our national security. Currently, the various countries follow principles of peace and conversation when dealing with maritime disputes and mainly stay with maritime control; therefore, developing strong marine force is necessary step to take and a symbol to realize sea power. However, it may cause war if using the navy to handle the non-military conflict at sea, therefore, it is indispensable to have a maritime law enforcement authority that is capability of taking the responsibility of maritime security, ensuring national interest without military influence if you’d like to protect the expansion of sea power of a nation and minimize the military conflict. Only having strong capability in maritime law enforcement will ensure maritime security and marine benefits of Taiwan, in which this paper proceeds comparisons of PRC, Korea, Japan, Philippines, Vietnam and other peripheral countries with Taiwan in terms of promotion of marine affairs and current situation of marine law enforcement authorities so as to discover problems, analyze shortcomings, and to further propose countermeasures that comply with our national security and regional maritime security.

海巡署於2000年成立是我國海域的專責機關，其中分為兩套體系即「海洋巡防」、「海岸巡防」，組織成員背景來自軍職、警職、文職人員。海岸巡防下轄之各地區巡防局在各縣市設機動查緝隊，主要內容為海域海岸的犯罪偵防、查緝走私、防止非法入出國以及安全情報蒐報等事項。 跟隨著性別主流化、性別工作平等法的推動，海巡特考招考於2006年取消男女名額限制，越來越多女性查緝員加入陽剛職場。本研究欲探討女性查緝人員進入陽剛職場之工作壓力及工作滿足感，研究對象以海岸巡防總局下轄的各地區機動查緝隊內文職女性人員，以Hellriegel , Slocum& Woodman的工作壓力因子探討，分別從工作本身、組織角色、人際關係、生涯發展、組織結構與氣氛及組織外部六大構面，工作滿足感之研究係依據Vroom所提出的組織本身、工作環境、工作內容三大構面，對於女性查緝人員之工作壓力及滿足感進行探討與分析。 本研究採用深度訪談法，依據地區、年齡、婚姻狀況等不同的樣本特性的基本資料進行抽樣，找出對本研究具有代表性方能提供最豐富的資訊、經驗得以反映出研究的真實情況，以提高研究之可信度。海巡署查緝隊中截至104年底共有28位女性查緝員，本研究從其中挑選了7位受訪者，分別於北、中、南東以及離島地區之女性查緝人員。 研究結果發現，女性在陽剛職場的工作壓力及滿足感深受以下因素影響： 一、個人內在因素：地緣因素、婚姻狀況、教育程度以及生理心理狀態。 二、外在環境因素：人際關係、工作性質、組織文化以及組織結構。 最後，本研究根據上述研究結論，提出具體建議，提供公務機關及未來相關研究之參考。 關鍵詞：海巡署、陽剛職場、工作滿足感、工作壓力、查緝員 / The Coast Guard Administration of the Executive Yuan was established in 2000 and it is charged with maintaining law and order, protecting the resources of the territorial waters of the Republic of China. The CGA combined the Coast Guard Command and the Marine Police Bureau. The CGA is organized by military, police officer and government officer. The CGA set up coast guard in every city in Taiwan to provide a first line of defense along coastal areas against smugglers, illegal immigrants and State's Internal Security Investigation. With stimulating Gender mainstreaming, Act of Gender Equality in Employment and canceling gender restriction on civil service special examination for coast guard personnel, more and more women work in masculine occupational fields. The purpose of this study is to explore the job stress and the job satisfaction of the women who work in masculine occupational fields. The main research objects are the women who work as coast guard under Coastal Patrol Directorate General control. Based on the data of work stress risk factors of Hellriegel and Slocum& Woodman discusses six themes, including the work itself, organization role, interpersonal relation, career development, organization structure, organization climate and organizational external factors. The study of job satisfaction bases on the work itself, working environment and the content of the job which are advanced by Vroom to analysis job pressure and job satisfaction of the female detectives. This research was conducted via depth interview method. According to different area, age and marital status I conducted the random sampling to find out the representative cases. In the end of 2014 there are 28 female detectives in The CGA. The study selected seven of them from eastern, western, southern, northern and outley island of Taiwan. The research results reveal that the job stress and the job satisfaction of the women who work in masculine occupational fields are affected by the following factors: 1. Immanent factors：geological factor, marital status, educational background, physiological condition and mentality. 2. External factors：interpersonal relations, job, organizational culture and organization structure. Based on the study results, some suggestions were proposed for the reference of government institutions and future researchers. Key words : CGA, masculine workplace, job satisfaction, job pressure, reconnaissance officer