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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

競價拍賣折價程度與承銷商市占率之關係 / The relationship between the degree of underpricing of auction and changes in underwriters’ market shares

郭峻豪, Kuo, Chun Hao Unknown Date (has links)
從過去承銷市場的經驗來看,初次公開發行的股票總是擁有顯著的初期報酬率,因此吸引許多投資人參與這塊市場。隨著承銷商的定價方針和市場新制度的引進,更增加了初次公開發行市場的效率性與自由度。台灣市場的競價拍賣經驗完整,本文根據Beatty and Ritter (1986)的假說,探討初次公開發行的折價程度與公司事前的不確定性之相關性,以及承銷商的定價經驗對於競價拍賣市占率之影響。結果發現,雖然競價拍賣具有價格發現之功能,市場整體的帄均值仍呈現顯著的初期報酬率。事前的不確定性因子則與推論相違背,並沒有和折價程度具有一致的單調關係。此外,銷商折價程度與其市占率之結果也不符合假說,但在加入分組的控制因子之後,較能呈現市場會因承銷商定價錯誤而給予懲罰。 / There have been significant initial returns in IPO market based on past experience and information that elicit lots of investors to participate. With the changes in pricing policy of underwriters and derivation of new underwriting systems, the efficiency and the degree of freedom in IPO market have been enhanced more than before. According to the propositions of Beatty and Ritter (1986), we found weak evidence to approve the monotone relationship between initial return and the proxies of ex ante uncertainty. Moreover, the changes in market shares has a positive relationship with the degree of underpricing that violates the proposition. After adding the control proxies of grouping into the model, we were able to get the result of punishment effect from the underwriting market.
2

影響我國承銷價格合理性因素之研究

黃慈懿 Unknown Date (has links)
論文摘要 我國新版承銷制度的要旨,在藉由市場供需法則與法人專業判斷的兩大機能運作,來改善我國過去股市中新上市股票蜜月期的種種不合理現象。本研究目的在實証這項制度立意,是否經過四年多來的實際運行,得以實現。 本研究從兩方面展開;首先,構建迴歸模式,並透過不同樣本分群的處理,找出在全體樣本不分組、非競價拍賣組、競價拍賣組等三群樣本,其各自影響承銷價合理性的因素,再以實証結果分析其成因。其次,針對法人參與競價拍賣的競標過程加以分析,以法人投標率代表其參與市場的深度,以法人得標佔投標百分比代表其參與競價的積極程度。利用T檢定檢視法人和一般投資人在競價市場中究竟由誰主導價格的形成,以及何者在競價過程中態度較為積極。 經實証研究發現,在全體樣本和非競價拍賣組中,負債比低的公司其承銷價格越合理,而現金股利宣告越多、蜜月期正處於市場狂飆期、並為新興電子業者,其承銷價格越不合理。但是同樣的模式並不適用於競價拍賣組的承銷價格合理性推論;因此可知新版承銷制度的施行的確對於承銷價格合理性的因素有所影響。至於對法人參與競價拍賣制的實証結果發現,機構投資人參與市場的深度尚不及一般投資大眾,且其競價的態度亦較保守,不過法人的參與市場的確有助於更合理的承銷價格的形成。 最後,本研究對新版承銷制度的施行提出建議,除了誘導法人更積極參與市場,協助合理承銷價格的形成之外,更應把焦點延伸至股票上市後的股價穩定與維持,而不只是侷限在上市時單一時點的股價而已。以上兩點建議可供主管機關作為制訂相關決策時之參考。 / Abstract The main object of the new systems of underwriting in Taiwan, is to improve the unreasonable price performance during the honeymoon period by market decision and professional judgements of the institution investors. The purpose of this research is to exam whether the object if the auction procedure has been realized after the four years execution. Hence, the regression models are built, and the samples are classified into three groups: auction group、non-auction group, and the total sample group, to individually test the implicated factors that will influence the reasonability of the price performance on the common stock new issued under the three treatments of sample groups. Then, the behaviors of the institution investors in the competitive bidding process are analyzed to test the role who play in forming the price. According to this study, it is found that in the total sample group and the non-auction group, the company with lower liability ratio will lead to a more reasonable IPOs underpricing; and the one with higher cash dividends、the new issued stock of which published when the market is in the bull position, and belonged to electronic and information industry, will lead to a unreasonable underpricing.but the same model used to expect the reasonability in the non-auction group and the total sample group is not subject to the auction group, according to this we can draw a conclusion that the new systems of the underwriting, auction procedure, do effect the reasonability of the underpricing. As to the research on the behavior of the institution investors, it is found that they are less positive than the other investors in the price forming process, but it is true that the participation of the professional institution investors helps in forming more reasonable underpricing. According to the conclusion made above, this study command that in addition to promoting institution investors to participate the market positively, we should also focus on the price stability and maintenance after IPOs rather than the price formed at the time the stock first published. The results of this research can be taken into consideration when making relative decisions.
3

普通股配售方式之選定及其與中長期績效的關係 / What decides allocation method and the relationship between mid - term performance and allocation method

楊吉裕, Yang, Jui-Yhu Unknown Date (has links)
本研究係針對台灣股票市場中新上市與現金增資普通股配售方式的選定及其和中長期績效之關聯做探討,研究議題如下: (1) 探討發行公司營運風險對配售方式選定的影響 參酌國內外相關研究,選定可能反應公司營運風險及攸關配售方式選定的因子為自變數,使用複迴歸的方式進行檢定,找出對於集中市場發行個案配售方式的選定具有顯著影響能力的因子。 (2) 比較採用不同配售方式對於發行折價之影響,分組計算各種配售方式之發行折價程度 本研究分組比較以原有股份公開承銷的新上市發行股份其銷價與新股上市後至停止上漲(下跌)日價格的變動百分比,檢定採用不同配售方式對於發行折價之影響。 (3) 驗證發行公司配售方式的決策是否極大化股東財富 採用 Probit 模型來消除自我選擇性偏誤(Self-Selection Biases),估算以原有股份公開承銷的新上市發行公司,於理論上改採另一配售方式時,其發行折價的變化情形。 (4) 檢定採用不同配銷方式的新上市普通股,其中長期績效的表現是否有所差異 於計算相對財富指標及平均報酬率後,比較採不同配售方式的新上市股與市場加權股價指數的相對績效表現是否有所差異,並檢定採特定方式的新上市股是否有績效低落的現象,或是特殊的價格變化趨勢,以為投資人、發行公司及承銷商相關決策之參考。 藉由分組討論發行公司所採行的配售方式與中長期股價行為的關聯,可以檢定各種配售方式其承銷價格訂定的適當性及該訊息因子(採行的配售方式)對於中長期價格行為推估的參考價值,所獲致的結論亦可提供投資人豐富的決策意涵。因為: 1.以投資人的角度而言,中長期價格表現的掌握,或許能提供賺取報酬的積極交易機會。 2.長期之下,如果初次公開發行的股價變化程度很大,意味著發行公司掌握「機會窗」(Opportunity Windows)的發行時機。 3.公司募集權益資金的成本與投資人交易成本、實際獲得的報酬皆有關聯,投資人所獲得的報酬越低,代表著公司資金成本越低。 4.藉由本研究的實證結果,投資人可以特性發行案所採行的配售方式為訊息因子,依其採行的配售方式推論發行公司的營運風險及特質。 實證結果發現,台灣證券交易所現金增資及新上市發行案的配售方式選定與發行公司經營風險的關連並不顯著,有顯著關連者為發行規模及發行時市況兩因素。但資訊不對稱程度相對較高的現金增資案發行公司,其配售方式選定受公司風險影響假說獲得支持。 採競價拍賣配售方式之新上市發行公司,在配售方式的選定上不存在選擇性偏誤的現象,亦即經營當局對於配售方式的選擇符合極大化股東財務原則,符合本研究臆測。而採公開申購配售方式之新上市股存在未追求極大化股東財富的反功能決策現象,但其成因並不若本研究之推論為內部人持股比例過低所造成。 採行公開申購方式的發行公司其 180 交易天、270 交易天、360 交易天期的相對財富指標平均數及中位數皆優於採行競價拍賣的公司。僅考量新上市電子類股的中長期股價績效結果,其 180 交易天、270 交易天期的相對財富指標平均數及中位數皆顯著優於採行競價拍賣的公司,360 交易天期的相對財富指標則無顯著差異。
4

承銷機制的選擇─理論與實證 / A THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION OF THE DETERMINANTS OF IPO SELLING METHODS

洪崇文, Hung, Chung-wen Unknown Date (has links)
本研究配合台灣制度,以模型推導方式研究IPO承銷機制選擇(競價拍賣與公開申購)之決定因素,並以台灣資料進行實證分析。本文考慮市場因素與投資人意見差異,以發行者之觀點進行分析。模型之預測為,當投資人意見差異程度較大、承銷規模較大、或是市場情況較佳時,發行者會選擇以競價拍賣銷售新股。 實證結果顯示,發行者於選擇承銷機制時,不僅考慮市場因素,亦會參考公司特性與發行特性,此結果與本模型之預測一致。本研究亦發現,台灣之競價拍賣制度,相較於公開申購方式,並無法更有效控制折價程度;如果發行者所選用的承銷方式,不適合市場情況、公司特性或發行特性,將會使公司的IPO承受較多的折價。 / This thesis develops and tests a theoretical rationale on the choice of IPO selling methods, discriminatory auctions versus fixed-price offerings, in Taiwan. We incorporate market conditions and investors’ divergence of opinions into the model from the issuer’s point of view. Our model predicts that when the extent of investors’ divergence of opinions is high, the amount in IPOs is large, or market conditions are hot, issuers will tend to use auctions. Our examination of issuers’ choice of IPO methods on the Taiwan’s IPOs shows that issuers condition the choice of IPO methods not only on prevailing market conditions, but also on firm/IPO characteristics. The results are consistent with our model. Finally, Taiwanese auction does not lead to less under-pricing than the fixed-price offering, but an issuer choosing a selling method with a higher degree of unfitting for firm/IPO characteristics and to market conditions will suffer more under-pricing.
5

承銷方式.投資者意見差異與上市績效 / IPO method,divergence of opinions and the performance

吳筱婷 Unknown Date (has links)
本篇論文係以台灣新上市股票作為研究對象,欲檢驗「投資者意見差異變數」 對於股票長短期績效之解釋能力,使用相似之「投資者意見差異變數」,是否同樣可以合理解釋台灣新上市股票市場的現況,台灣的實證是否同樣支持Miller所提出的假設。並進而探討在不同承銷制度下,是否會影響「投資者意見差異變數」對於上市績效之解釋能力與影響方向。 研究使用「蜜月期天數」、「買賣價差百分比」與「新股蜜月期間周轉率」三者作為「投資者意見差異程度」之代理變數,研究結果發現:此三變數在排除公司特性、發行市場現況等控制變數的影響部分之後,其餘無法被控制變數所解釋的部分,確實對於新上市股票之長短期報酬具有解釋能力,且各意見差異變數與新股短期報酬率之間存有正向關係,而與一年至三年之長期持有報酬率間存有反向關係,此研究結論相當支持Miller假設,除此之外,研究並發現:不同新股承銷制度不會顯著地影響投資者意見差異程度,且若使用公開申購與競價拍賣兩種不同的新股配售方式,僅會影響「投資者意見差異變數」與「新股長期報酬」的影響程度與方向。 / This paper focus on the Taiwan’s IPOs and tries to test the direct relationship between “ divergence of opinions ” and “ the short- run and long- run performance of the initial public offerings (IPOs). ” We use several similar variables to explain the situation of Taiwan’s stock market and find out if data can support the Miller’s hypothesis. Besides, we want to discuss the relationship between “ IPO method ” and “ divergence of opinions ”. We check that different IPO method will have influence on the explanatory power of the “ divergence of opinions”. We use three different variables:“ the number of the honey moon date”, “ the percentage of bid-ask spread ” and “ the turnover rate during the honey moon” as the proxies of the divergence of opinions. The research result finds out that three proxies can truly provide significant explanatory power of the short-run and long-run performance of the IPOs after controlling for issue quality. The results support Miller ( 1977 ), who suggests that greater divergence of opinions or uncertainty about an IPO can generate short-run overvaluation and long-run underperformance. In other words, the divergence of opinions have positive relationship with the initial return and negative relationship with the long run holding period return of IPOs. Besides, the two IPO method ( fixed-price offerings and discriminatory auction ) will only change the long run relationship.
6

IPO競價拍賣制度下投資人標單資訊內涵對於股票上市後報酬率及價格變動率之影響 / IPO Auction: The Effects of Investor Information Content to Aftermarket Return and Variability

吳文傑 Unknown Date (has links)
台灣資本市場目前已實行競價拍賣制度有十餘年之久,相關研究資料累積已具相當之規模,因此許多學者進行競價拍賣制度對於承銷制度改變影響之研究,已具相當之成果,大多針對競價拍賣制度實施後是否可以對於改善上市掛牌後股票折價幅度過大以及蜜月期過長等不效率現象進行相關探討及研究。 因此,本研究針對投資人標單資訊內涵進行對報酬率及價格變動率影響之研究,於建立兩大模型研究結果分析後,我們可以清楚了解台灣競價拍賣市場中,個人投資者標單資訊內涵可以提供蜜月期報酬率及變動率的正向解釋能力與預測效果,也因此證明台灣股票市場報酬率及價格波動程度容易受一般散戶投資人情緒所影響;而法人投資者標單資訊內涵則可能由於與美國市場具有結構性差異,使得台灣市場的法人投資者標單資訊內涵無法提供模型的顯著解釋能力,肇因於台灣市場主要參與者為散戶投資人。另外一原因可能是台灣市場中的法人投資者標單資訊內涵已反映在IPO股票價格之中,因此無法對蜜月期及上市後報酬率和價格變動率有所影響。加入峰態係數進行研究後發現,投資者標單需求曲線型態對於報酬率以及價格變動率皆沒有顯著影響,顯示投資人出價集中的高狹峰型態不能解釋蜜月期及上市後的報酬率和價格變動率,可能是由於資訊早已暴露在市場中,價格也早已反映此項資訊,因此無法解釋之後的報酬率以及價格變動率型態。
7

從兩岸入世論臺灣承銷商的發展契機 / The opportunity of the underwriting corporation in Taiwan after attending WTO

陳慶洪, Chen, Ching-Hung Unknown Date (has links)
學年度:90 學期:2 校院:國立政治大學 系所:經營管理碩士學程 論文名稱:從兩岸入世論臺灣承銷商的發展契機 學位類別:碩士 研究生:陳慶洪 指導教授:杜化宇 關鍵詞:中國大陸、證券承銷、證券承銷商、發行人、配售方式、詢價圈購、公開申購、競價拍賣、世界貿易組織 中文摘要: 隨著中國大陸經濟的蓬勃發展,股票市場也在這個變動的社會中應運而生。股票市場做為溝通資金供需雙方的重要渠道,是傳統資本主義社會的重要表徵,最早發軔於西歐,臺灣和中國大陸也陸續引進這種商業型態的制度。隨著兩岸分別加入世界貿易組織,股票市場也必須積極地邁向國際化。當歐、美、日等國的投資銀行均已積極地進駐中國大陸,以搶佔其金融市場之際,國內業者受制於兩岸的政治氛圍卻顯得步履蹣跚。然而太晚進入大陸市場,將使國內證券承銷商處於不利的競爭地位。 在WTO的架構下,金融服務業必須受到服務貿易總協定的規範,兩岸都將適用最惠國待遇和多邊諮商原則,所以臺灣對中國大陸以及中國大陸對臺灣的經貿與金融政策都必須作大幅度的調整。臺灣地區的證券承銷商如何掌握此一發展趨勢,以開創華人世紀的新紀元,在在考驗著臺灣政府與業者的智慧。 摘要 回顧八零年代後期,中國大陸在鄧小平的主導下,踏上改革開放的試點工作,低廉的要素成本和政府的政策支持,吸引著外資源源不斷地注入,臺商得文化、地利之便,藉著轉移生產基地以延續產業生命並擴展生產規模。二十餘年來,西進的臺商從勞力密集,逐漸提升到資本密集與技術密集,對國內的經濟發展帶來相當大的衝擊。當臺商在異地逐漸站穩腳步,並於境外獲得資金供給的來源,對國內資本市場的依存度自然降低許多。做為資金供需雙方媒介的國內證券承銷商,遂因而陷入市場萎縮的困境。當兩岸次第加入世貿組織以後,國內承銷商是否有機會跟隨臺商腳步,將市場拓展至中國大陸,以延續生機並再創高峰,的確是一件值得深思的問題。 本研究的第二章、第三章分別介紹中國大陸和臺灣的承銷制度,依序分從 「證券商之分類及其業務範疇」、「承銷時機」、「承銷方式與資格」、「承銷作業程序」和「承銷價格訂定與配售方式」等五個面向加以探討,第四章則從比較制度的觀點,分析兩地承銷制度的異同。為了瞭解WTO入會架構將對兩岸承銷商帶來何等影響,本研究第五章首先介紹世界貿易組織的功能、理念與規範重點,其次則試圖探討兩岸入會後可能面臨的衝擊與因應之道。第六章則以建華金控為例,探討年前國內通過金融業者得以純粹控股公司形式跨業兼營的法令,將對證券承銷業者進軍中國大陸的努力帶來何等影響與可能的限制。 從制度面來看,由於臺海兩岸均係繼受歐美國家的先進體制,只是導入時期先後有別,除因政策性考量產生些許出入外,可說是大同小異。其次,兩岸分別在2001年11月間的卡達會議中獲准加入世界貿易組織,臺灣地區雖以已開發國家身份入世,因入世前長達九年的複邊磋商過程已陸續將相關要求內化,入世後應不致帶來太大的衝擊。而中國大陸係以開發中國家身份爭取入世,因此在國內市場的開放上有較多的調適時間,不過從其最近出台的《外資參股證券公司設立規則》來看,除了對於境外股東的持股比例,依其入世時承諾的進度設定限制外,可說是全面開放證券承銷市場;且該規則亦適用於香港、澳門及臺灣地區的業者。受限於兩岸政權迄今仍處於對立狀態,短期內恐無法假前述規則簽署證券監管合作諒解備忘錄,勢將嚴重斷喪臺灣承銷商西進的發展契機,徒將崛起的商機拱手讓與外資,國內政府誠應審慎考慮此一嚴肅課題,進而積極協助業者排除政治上的障礙,以延續並擴展臺灣業者的生存命脈。 / Academic year: 2001 Session:2 School: National Chengchi University Department: Executive MBA of Finance Title of Thesis: The Opportunity of The Underwriting Corporation in Taiwan After Attending WTO Degree: Master Author: Ching-Hung Chen Advisor: Professor Anthony Tu Keywords: Mainland China, securities underwriting, underwriter, issuer, offering method, book-building, fix-price, auction, WTO Abstract: As the economy of Mainland China is glooming, the stock market arises in the changing society. The stock market is an important channel to link the supply and demand, as well as a symbol of the traditional capitalist society. It has taken a long time for western countries to develop their stock systems. However, similar systems emerged in Taiwan and Mainland China. After Taiwan and Mainland China attending WTO, stock markets must be aggressively facing the globalization. When Europe, the United States, and Japan are going to compete to dominate the Mainland's financial market. Taiwan is moving at a slower pace and facing many restrictions. The late entry of Taiwan's underwriting corporations into the Mainland market will undermine their competitiveness. Under the WTO framework, the basic principles on the financial services sector are governed by the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS). Once Taiwan and the Mainland become WTO members, they must both accept all WTO regulations, including those on MFN treatment and multilateral negotiations. In light of these requirements, both Taiwan and the Mainland must make large adjustments in their cross-strait and financial policies toward each other. The underwriting corporations in Taiwan are willing to create a new era. How to grasp the developing tendency is a critical trial to the enterprises and government in Taiwan.

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