WEAR ANALYSIS OF HOT FORGING DIES ABACHI, Siamak M. S., Department of Mechanical Engineering Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Metin AKK&Ouml / K Co-Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Mustafa lhan G&Ouml / KLER December 2004, 94 pages The service lives of dies in forging processes are to a large extent limited by wear, fatigue fracture and plastic deformation, etc. In hot forging processes, wear is the predominant factor in the operating lives of dies. In this study, the wear analysis of a closed die at the final stage of a hot forging process has been realized. The preform geometry of the part to be forged was measured by Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM), and the CAD model of the die and the worn die were provided by the particular forging company. The hot forging operation was carried out at a workpiece temperature of 1100&deg / C and die temperature of 300&deg / C for a batch of 678 on a 1600-ton mechanical press. The die and the workpiece materials were AISI L6 tool steel and DIN 1.4021, respectively. The simulation of forging process for the die and the workpiece was carried out by Finite Volume Method using MSC.SuperForge. The flow of the material in the die, die filling, contact pressure distribution, sliding velocities and temperature distribution of the die have been investigated. In a single stroke, the depth of wear was evaluated using Archard&rsquo / s wear equation with a constant wear coefficient of 1&yen / 10-12 Pa-1 as an initial value. The depth of wear on the die surface in every step has been evaluated using the Finite Volume simulation results and then the total depth of wear was determined. To be able to compare the wear analysis results with the experimental worn die, the surface measurement of the worn die has been done on CMM. By comparing the numerical results of the die wear analysis with the worn die measurement, the dimensional wear coefficient has been evaluated for different points of the die surface and finally a value of dimensional wear coefficient is suggested. As a result, the wear coefficient was evaluated as 6.5&yen / 10-13 Pa-1 and considered as a good approximation to obtain the wear depth and the die life in hot forging processes under similar conditions.

Cette thèse se fixe comme tâche d’examiner la manière originale et inédite par laquelle Maurice Blondel revisite les preuves classiques de l’existence de Dieu, principalement, l’argument ontologique. Cet argument occupe, chez notre auteur, une place prépondérante, et constitue un moment essentiel dans le développement de sa doctrine. C’est une approche qui se comprend comme un retour à une doctrine ancienne (Cf. l’argument d’Anselme), mais en même temps comme une élaboration originale. De ce point de vue, la lecture suivie de L’Action laisse entrevoir trois axes d’interprétations de l’argument ontologique que notre thèse entend mettre en lumière.D’abord, Blondel relit les preuves de l’existence de Dieu dans la perspective de la dialectique de la volonté dont elles amorcent le « troisième moment » conflictuel, avant que le conflit ne se résolve en alternative ou en option. Car, il y a toujours une inadéquation entre ce qui est voulu et le dynamisme qui, en nous, est le principe du vouloir c’est-à-dire entre ce qu’il appelle la volonté voulue et la volonté voulante. En conséquence, c’est en vue de l’Unique nécessaire que Blondel ébauche une synergie des preuves et renouvelle, en quelque sorte, l’argument ontologique pour montrer que chaque homme y est inévitablement embarqué.Ensuite le recours « à un inconnu inaccessible, dont la présence est pourtant pressentie sans être encore reconnue » ou la référence explicite à des expressions apophatiques pour parler de l’Être ou de l’Absolu manifeste clairement un recours symptomatique à la théologie négative comme il le reconnaît, à la suite du Pseudo-Denys que « l’affirmation est moins juste, et la négation plus vraie », et d’autant plus qu’il ajoute : « c’est le néant qui le confesse ». Or, cette donnée n’affaiblit en rien la pertinence de la preuve, car Blondel en fait une véritable expérience spirituelle.Enfin la conséquence qu’il tire de cette relecture, en insistant sur la portée philosophique de l’option, constitue le lieu privilégié qui confirme bien que cette approche n’a pas pour visée la pleine possession de l’Être, mais une ouverture, une préparation nécessaire de notre indigence à admettre et à affirmer cette existence de Dieu. Car, pour chaque existence, « cette preuve est, moins une vue qu’une vie » et que suivant une influence de la preuve cartésienne « celle-ci n’est absolue que là où il y a idée parfaite de la perfection même, là où l’essence est réelle et l’existence idéale. Dans ces conditions, l’idée de Dieu, de l’Être est comme réfractée, conditionnée, obscurcie par notre imperfection. Cependant, elle nous contraint à affirmer, du lieu où somme toute elle n’est pas, sa réalité, sa perfection.À partir d’une reconsidération des articulations de la preuve dans L’Action, notre thèse aura eu comme tâche d’élucider la portée et la pertinence de ces trois axes qui constituent l’originalité de la lecture blondélienne de l’argument ontologique. / This thesis has set itself the task of reviewing the new and original way in which Maurice Blondel revisits the classic proofs of God’s existence, mainly, the ontological argument. This argument holds, in our author, a prominent place, and is a key moment in the development of his doctrine. It is an approach that makes sense as a return to an old doctrine (See the Anselm’s argument ), but at the same time as an original development. From this point of view, reading followed by L’Action suggests three lines of interpretations of the ontological argument that our thesis intends to highlight.Firstly, Blondel reread the proofs of God’s existence from the perspective of the dialectic of the will they begin the third time conflict before the conflict will be resolved in alternative or optional. Because, there is always a mismatch between what is wanted and dynamism which, in us, is the principle of the will that is to say between what he calls the necessary will and determination voulante. Consequently, it is for the One need Blondel draft synergy evidence and renewed, in a way, the ontological argument to show that every man is inevitably embedded.Then use an inaccessible stranger, whose presence is sensed without being yet still recognized or the explicit reference to apophatiques expressions to speak of Being or the Absolute manifests clearly symptomatic use of negative theology as acknowledges, following the Pseudo-Dionysius that “the statement is less just, and truest denial”, and especially as he adds, “ it is the nothingness that confess.” However , this data does not weaken in any way the relevance of the evidence , because Blondel makes a truly spiritual experience.Finally he draws the consequence of this replay, emphasizing the philosophical significance of the option, which is the central authority confirms that this approach has not referred to the full possession of Being, but an opening, a necessary preparation to admit our poverty and affirm the existence of God. For each existence, " the evidence is less a view that a life " and following the influence of the Cartesian evidence " it is absolute that where there is perfect idea of perfection , there where gasoline is real and the ideal existence . In these circumstances, the idea of God, of Being is refracted as conditioned , darkened by our imperfection . However, it forces us to state , after all, the place where it is not , its reality, its perfection.From a reconsideration of the joints of proof in L'Action, our thesis has had the task of clarifying the scope and relevance of these three areas which constitute the originality of the Blondel reading the ontological argument.

L'Ethique prétend nous conduire comme par la main vers la béatitude et le salut, Elle nous montre le chemin qui nous permet, en associant le plus possible nos affects à des idées vraies, de parvenir à la connaissance vraie et à l'amour de Dieu. A qui s'adresse l' « Ethique » ? Notre hypothèse est qu'elle s'adresse aux mêmes lecteurs que ceux du « Traité théologico-politique » qui philosopheraient plus librement s'ils n'en étaient empêchés par l'idée que la raison doit être la servante de la théologie. Après avoir montré que l'Ecriture Sainte devait être interprétée avant d'être affirmée Parole de Dieu, que la certitude prophétique n'était qu'une certitude morale, Spinoza propose la certitude mathématique de l'entendement, comme véritable parole de Dieu qui parle directement à notre âme, Dieu qui se fait connaître, non comme un Dieu transcendant, mais comme un Dieu immanent, cause efficiente de toutes choses et donc de nos idées claires et distinctes, qui nous permettront de découvrir un Dieu qui agit librement par nécessité de nature, en totale opposition avec les doctrines scolastique et cartésienne. Cette révélation rationnelle n'annule néanmoins pas la révélation prophétique dont la vérité ne se trouve pas dans la spéculation, mais dans les enseignements moraux, et surtout par le message d'amour du Christ, modèle de vie vraie. Mais si le but ultime de chacune des révélations est de jouir de l'amour de Dieu, quelle est en chacune la nature de cet amour ? / Ethic purports to lead us, as if by the band, towards beatitude and salvation. It shows us the way which allows us, by associating as much as possible our affects to real ideas, to attain true knowledge and the love of God. Whom does “Ethics” address ? Our hypothesis is that it addresses the same readers as the “Theologico-Political Treatise” does, who would philosophize more f eely would they not be prevented from it by the thought that reason should serve theology. After having shown that scripture should be interpreted before being claimed God's word, that prophetic certainty was just moral certainty, Spinoza offers the mathematical certainty of understanding, as the true word of God which speaks directly to our soul ; God who becomes known not as a transcendental God but as an immanent God, efficient cause of all things and thus of our ideas, distinct and clear, which shall allow us to discover a God which acts feely out of necessity of nature, in outright opposition to the scholastic and Cartesian doctrines. This rational revelation nonetheless does not cancel the prophetic revelation, which truth isn't in speculation, but in moral teachings, and especially by in Christ's message of love, model of true life. But if the ultimate goal of each of the revelations is to enjoy the love of God, what is in each of them the nature of this love?

The dissertation is intended to show whether it is possible for a Roman traveller to make a journey around the Roman world in the year C.E. 210, within 180 days, in a manner similar to that of Phileas Fogg, a character in Jules Verne's novel Around the World in Eighty Days (1874). The Roman's 180-day adventure to complete the journey within the set time incorporates logistics and itinerary on ancient roads, canals and sea voyages, and quotes Horace, Juvenal, Pausanias, Ovid and Strabo. Verne linked the past, an ancient two thousand year old water system in Aden - with his traveller who also visited the site. The Roman traveller will link the past with the present, viewing ancient building and engineering works such as the Lyonnais aqueducts, and the Greek use of curvature in design when building the Parthenon. Parts of such construction remain in situ for the present-day traveller to view. / Biblical and Ancient Studies / (M.A. (Specialization in Ancient Languages and Cultures))

"The purpose of this study is to make a critical and detailed analysis of the references in the ancient sources, Philo, Josephus, Pliny and the church fathers, Justin, Hegesippus, Hippolytus and Epiphanius. The main emphasis will be on the less well-known sects. The Sadducees and the Pharisees will be dealt with only as they appear in the references to the lesser sects and for contrast and similarity. The study will attempt to correlate the separate reports and to support or cast doubt on the validity and reliability of the accounts. In order to do this it has been necessary to examine the life and work of each witness as a means of evaluating his credibility and the sources of his information. No attempt has been made to establish a specific thesis of relationship and derivation. That remains for a further study but possible lines for the development of such a thesis have been indicated where the evidence suggests such." -- from the Introduction.

Le but de cette thèse est de questionner les perceptions et les représentations théoriques dominantes de l’islam en Europe. Le cadre temporel qu’elle investit est celui de l’époque moderne, c’est-à-dire depuis la fin de l’influence arabe en Espagne et le début de la présence territoriale des turcs en Europe jusqu’à notre époque ponctuée de revendications laïques. Elle cherche surtout à comprendre les différentes courbes marquant l’évolution de la représentation de l’islam en les solidarisant avec les enjeux théologiques et politiques dont la prégnance caractérise les analyses sociohistoriques, philosophiques et anthropologiques. L’orientation de la recherche a consisté à mettre l’accent sur les querelles théologico-politiques qui traversent l’Europe et d’évaluer l’influence des turcs dans la géopolitique européenne à partir du XVIème siècle. D’un point de vue théologique, les études révèlent que le sujet islamique est bien présent dans les oppositions entre humanistes et réformistes, mais également entre ceux-ci et les catholiques. La vision apologétique chrétienne se développe en ce sens aussi bien en théologique qu’en philosophie et introduit dans l’analyse religieuse la question des droits naturels et par conséquent celle de la religion naturelle. Nos investigations ont permis de découvrir un ensemble de jugements relativisant l’islam dans la philosophie des Lumières et dans la philosophie allemande. Aussi, le lien de l’islam avec la modernité ne fait pas l’économie des questions de la laïcité et plus globalement de la sécularisation. Si les préoccupations politiques en milieu islamique montrent une pratique différente, la promotion de l’individu et de la raison sont partout mise en valeur. Le contexte actuel de la mondialisation suscite beaucoup de questions sur le vivre ensemble, l’altérité et cristallise la réflexion vers la réviviscence de l’éthique de la responsabilité en invitant l’individu à se décentrer de son univers de référence pour entrer en dialogue constructif avec autrui. / The purpose of this thesis is to question the perceptions and the dominant theoretical representations of Islam in Europe. The temporal frame in which Islam invests is the modern period, since the end of the Arabic influence in Spain and the beginning of the territorial presence of Turkish in Europe until our period punctuated with laic demands. It tries especially to understand the various curves marking the evolution of influence and representation of Islam by showing solidarity with the theological and political stakes which are characterized in socio-historic, philosophic and in anthropological analyses. The orientation of the research has consisted in the emphasis of the theological and political quarrels which cross Europe and to estimate the Turkish influence in the European geopolitics from the XVIth century. From a theological point of view, the studies reveal that the Islamic subject is omnipresent in the oppositions between humanists and reformists, but also between these and the Catholics. The Christian apologetic vision develops this way as well in theology as a philosophy that introduces into religious analysis the question of natural rights and consequently that of the natural religion. Our investigations allowed discovering a set of judgments by putting in perspective Islamic philosophy of the Lights and in German philosophy as well. So, the link of Islamic faith and philosophy with the modern does not save questions of secularism normore globally does it spare secularization. If the political concerns in the Islamic environment show a different practice, the promotion of the individual and the reason are highlighted everywhere. The current context of the globalization arouses many questions. The basic questions are how to live together in a pluralistic society without the alienation of persons of different cultures and creeds. It crystallizes the reflection towards the reviviscence of ethics and responsibility by inviting the individual to move away of his or her reference universe or comfort zone into a constructive dialogue with others.

Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2016-04-08T12:24:41Z No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-08T12:24:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2016-04-08T12:24:41Z No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-08T12:24:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Os radionuclídeos naturais das séries radioativas do 238U, 235U e 232Th são frequentemente utilizados como traçadores em estudos ambientais para a compreensão da dinâmica que ocorre no ambiente marinho e terrestre, como por exemplo, em pesquisas de processos oceânicos e gerenciamento da região costeira. No ambiente marinho, estes radionuclídeos podem ser empregados para estimar fluxos biogeoquímicos de partículas e de nutrientes que ocorrem tanto na coluna dágua, quanto nos sedimentos. Várias pesquisas aplicam a distribuição e o respectivo desequilíbrio dos radionuclídeos naturais no meio ambiente, inclusive em modelos geocronológicos para se obter informações históricas em testemunhos sedimentares. Nesse estudo, realizou-se a caracterização radioquímica das distribuições de 226Ra, 228Ra e 210Pb de uma coluna sedimentar denominada 1B (248 cm de comprimento), coletada na Baía do Almirantado, Antártica. A metodologia utilizada incluiu a lixiviação ácida de amostras de sedimentos, seguida de separação radioquímica sequencial de 226Ra e de 228Ra pela co-precipitação com Ba(Ra)SO4 e de 210Pb pela co-precipitação com PbCrO4. Todas as medidas foram realizadas pela contagem alfa e beta total dos precipitados obtidos, em um detector proporcional de fluxo gasoso de baixa radiação de fundo. As concentrações de atividade de 226Ra e 210Pb foram empregadas para se estimar a atividade de 210Pbnão-suportado presentes no perfil sedimentar 1B. Considerando-se as concentrações de atividade de 210Pbnão-suportado obtidas e a aplicação do modelo CIC(Constant Initial Concentration), foi possível determinar a taxa de sedimentação de 0,59±0,05 cm/ ano. / Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Die Dissertation beschäftigt sich mit User Innovation Toolkits für situationsbezogene Dienste. Während User Innovation Toolkits Endnutzern erlauben, mobile Dienste selbst zu gestalten, haben situationsbezogene Dienste die Fähigkeit, sich an die Bedürfnisse des Nutzers und die Nutzungssituation anzupassen. Aufbauend auf einer empirischen Studie konnten drei wesentliche Herausforderungen der mobilen Telekommunikationsbranche identifiziert werden: Erstens, sind die Bedürfnisse von Nutzern mobiler Dienste hochgradig heterogen und ändern sich laufend. Zweitens, mangelt es an Geschäftsmodellen, um von dem wachsenden Markt zu profitieren. Schließlich sind technologische Probleme hinsichtlich adaptierbarer und lernfähiger Informationssysteme zu lösen. Die Untersuchung der theoretischen Grundlagen fokussierte vor allem auf den Transfer von Kundenwissen, der Wissensemergenz und der Situationstheorie und ihrer Anwendungen. Im Rahmen der Aktionsforschung konnte gemeinsam mit Fachexperten ein Ökonomisch sinnvolles generisches Geschäftsmodell für User Innovation Toolkits konzipiert und evaluiert, ein neues Vorgehensmodell zur Anforderungsanalyse generiert und die Informationsarchitektur zur Realisierung situationsbezogener Dienste modelliert werden. Die Synthese stellt den Prototyp eines User Innovation Toolkits für situationsbezogene Dienste dar. (Autorenref.)

For those organizations that experience disruption, they usually understand the situation when it is already too late. The real challenge to any theory, especially if it is of high relevance for managers, is how it performs predictively. Can the theory of disruptive technologies be used not only to analyze cases ex post but to predict the potential disruptive technologies ex ante? Established companies are skeptical of the idea of disruptiveness, because of the difficulty of making predictions given the ex post nature of the theory. In this regard the goal of this report is to provide a general measure of disruptiveness and develop a framework that can assess technologies whether they have the potential to be proven disruptive. The developed assessment framework captures the essential characteristic and holistic success factors for disruptive technologies based on the theory of Christensen and a number of clarifications as seen in the literature. The framework is applied and validated by assessing the disruptive potential of five renewable energy technologies (wind energy, solar energy, biomass, hydro power, geothermal) in the power generation, heating and transportation sectors of four European countries (Austria, Bulgaria, Germany and Romania). The results show the applicability of the framework and give insights into technology and country specific determinants of energy market sector disruptions. (authors' abstract) / Series: Working Papers / Institute for Strategic Management / Energy & Strategy Think Tank