Émile Durkheims "Formes élémentaires de la vie religieuse" (1912) zählen zu den "Klassikern" der Religionssoziologie und Durkheim selbst unbestritten zu den "Gründungsvätern" der Disziplin. In der umfangreichen Sekundärliteratur zu Durkheim und seinem "Meisterwerk" hat die kritische Rezeption des Werks bislang jedoch nur wenig Betrachtung gefunden. Die vorliegende Arbeit präsentiert einen systematischen Überblick der theologischen Rezeption des Werks zwischen 1912 bis 1930 im französischsprachigen Kontext. Insofern Durkheims Studie bewusst als wissenschaftlicher Schlag gegen traditionelle Religionsverständnisse gedacht war und einen gezielten Beitrag zu den aufgeheizten Diskussionen über neue Ansätze der Religionsforschung darstellte, bilden die kritischen Auseinandersetzungen der Theologen die Dispute über die Deutungshoheiten innerhalb der Religionsforschung zum Entstehungskontext des Werks verdichtet ab. Mit der Aufarbeitung der kritischen Rezeption vor dem Hintergrund zeitgenössischer Debatten innerhalb des französischen Wissenschaftskontextes und der (katholischen) Theologie wird der "soziologische Klassiker" in seine intellektuellen Entstehungskontexte zurückgeführt. Dieser Blick auf das Werk als historischer Debattenbeitrag erlaubt, gegenwärtige "Gründungsnarrative" sowie soziologiegeschichtliche Kanonbildung kritisch zu hinterfragen. Dabei wird erkennbar, dass der komplexe Gründungsprozess der Soziologie in Frankreich nicht allein auf die herausragenden Arbeiten eines Einzelnen zurückgeführt werden kann, sondern der kollaborative Charakter des Gründens stärker herausgestellt werden muss. Daneben sind auch die notwendigen institutionellen und intellektuellen Bedingungen für die erfolgreiche "Gründung" der Religionssoziologie zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts anzuerkennen. / Émile Durkheim’s 'Formes élémentaires de la vie religieuse' (1912) counts as one of the 'classics' of sociology of religion, while Durkheim himself is undisputedly considered one of the 'founding fathers' of the discipline. Despite extensive secondary literature on Durkheim and his 'masterpiece', the critical reception of his work has received comparatively little attention. This dissertation presents a systematic overview of the theological reception of the work between 1912 and 1930 in the Frenchspeaking context. Durkheim’s study was intended as an attack against traditional understandings of religion and also contributed to heated discussions about new approaches to the study of religion. Therefore, the critical reception from theologians during the publishing context provides important insight into disputes about sovereignties within the study of religion. By reappraising the reception against the backdrop of historical debates within the French scientific community and (Catholic) theology, the 'sociological classic' is returned to its original intellectual context. Considering the book as a historical contribution to debates allows us to critically question contemporary 'founding narratives', as well as canon formation within the sociology of religion. In doing so, it becomes apparent that the complex founding process of sociology in France cannot be attributed solely to the outstanding work of one individual, instead one must emphasise the collaborative nature of founding. In addition, the necessary institutional and intellectual conditions for the successful 'founding' of the sociology of religion at the beginning of the 20th century must also be acknowledged.

The dissertation is intended to show whether it is possible for a Roman traveller to make a journey around the Roman world in the year C.E. 210, within 180 days, in a manner similar to that of Phileas Fogg, a character in Jules Verne's novel Around the World in Eighty Days (1874). The Roman's 180-day adventure to complete the journey within the set time incorporates logistics and itinerary on ancient roads, canals and sea voyages, and quotes Horace, Juvenal, Pausanias, Ovid and Strabo. Verne linked the past, an ancient two thousand year old water system in Aden - with his traveller who also visited the site. The Roman traveller will link the past with the present, viewing ancient building and engineering works such as the Lyonnais aqueducts, and the Greek use of curvature in design when building the Parthenon. Parts of such construction remain in situ for the present-day traveller to view. / Old Testament & Ancient Near Eastern Studies / (M.A. (Specialization in Ancient Languages and Cultures))

Dans L’espérance oubliée Jacques Ellul parle d’espérance comme à la fois une réponse de la part de l’être humain au silence de Dieu et une « présence éclatante des réalités dernières ». A travers le dialogue avec entre autres Paul Ricoeur et Søren Kierkegaard, en passant par Moltmann, Castelli et André Neher, notre auteur en présente les enjeux de jugement théologique sur notre situation historique, de critique envers la « déréliction » qui habite la société technicienne, et de choix fondamental pour une éthique de liberté et de non-puissance. Notre travail vise non seulement une lecture analytique de la pensée d’Ellul sur l’espérance et de sa réception, mais aussi un examen approfondi de la dialectique interne à la théologie de notre auteur ainsi qu’un travail de mise en perspective de deux axes thématiques : la prophétie et l’eschaton. Notre conviction est que le discours théologique sur l’espérance présenté par Ellul peut apporter des contributions cruciales à la théologie de notre temps. / In Hope in times of abandonment Jacques Ellul talks about hope as a human reaction to God’s silence as well as a “bright presence of the ultimate realities” in the present. Through the dialogue with Paul Ricoeur and Søren Kierkegaard, passing through Moltmann, Castelli and André Neher, our author introduces its challenges: as a theological judgement on our historical situation, a critic to the “abandonment” which inhabits the technological society and a fundamental choice towards an ethics of freedom and of non-power. Our aim is to present not only an analytic reading of Ellul’s statements on hope, but also of the inner dialectic of his theology, leading to a perspective setting upon two main topics: prophecy and eschaton. We are convinced that Jacques Ellul’s theological discourse on hope can bring crucial contributions to the theology of our time.

Marknaden för smartphones har vuxit stort under de senaste åren och även utveckling av applikationer till dessa. Då utveckling av applikationer för smartphones skiljer sig från traditionell utveckling så passar inte traditionella utvecklingsprocesser för utveckling till smartphones på ett optimalt sätt. Denna studie undersöker mobilapplikationsutveckling med fokus på användbarhet. Då det råder brist på systemutvecklingsprocesser för mobilapplikationsutveckling så vill denna studie utvärdera ISO standarden ”ISO 9241-210 – Användarcentrerad design för interaktiva system”. Denna standard är en samling av riktlinjer och krav för generell systemutveckling. Studien utvärderar därför lämpligheten att använda ISO 9241-210 för utveckling av mobilapplikationer, då fokus ligger på användbarhet. En prototyp för iPhone utvecklades med ISO 9241-210 som bas och utvärderades sedan för att se om användbarheten var acceptabel. Författarna utvärderade också hur ISO 9241-210 riktlinjer hade implementerats i utvecklingen av prototypen och även utvärderat om riktlinjerna i Apples App Design Strategies har motsvarande riktlinjer i ISO 9241-210. Slutsatsen är att ISO 9241-210 är en bra grund att stå på vid utveckling av mobilapplikationer men att det finns några riktlinjer som kan ges mer eller mindre fokus, beroende på projektets omfattning. / Program: Systemarkitekturutbildningen

L'étude présentée ici concerne la répartition du 210Pb atmosphérique à l'échelle globale dans l'environnement. Ce travail débute par une étude expérimentale concernant les mesures de flux de dépôt atmosphérique de 210Pb dans les pluies, les sols et la neige. Une base de données a ensuite été construite en regroupant les mesures effectuées ces quatre dernières décennies. Celle-ci se focalise sur les concentrations de 210Pb dans l'air de surface et sur les flux de dépôt d'origine atmosphérique mesurés aux interfaces atmosphère-surface terrestre (collecteurs artificiels, sols et neige) et eau-sédiment. Cette base de données est ensuite exploitée. Les données de 210Pb atmosphérique sont analysées qualitativement en termes de transport (circulation atmosphérique) et de mécanismes de dépôt, et utilisées quantitativement pour la validation d'un modèle de circulation générale (GCM). En dernière partie, les données de flux de dépôt de 210Pb à l'interface eau-sédiment sont comparées statistiquement aux données de flux de dépôt atmosphérique. Cette comparaison est appliquée à l'étude des transferts entre l'atmosphère et les sédiments et permet ainsi de distinguer quatre différents types de réservoirs aquatiques.

In today's knowledge-based society academic spin-offs are considered as one important form of technology transfer. However, most related entrepreneurial efforts fail. When looking at determining factors, researchers have to be regarded as members of a complex social network consisting not only of academic peers but also of participants from industry, policy, and supporting institutions, and friends and family members. This network is the academic entrepreneur's general framework of operation characterized by resource and communication flows of differing nature. The thesis tries to answer the question under what conditions technological spin-offs emerge from the academic community with special emphasis on the entrepreneurs' social capital expressed in terms of their social networks. Thus, a detailed analysis of the characteristics of the social network academic entrepreneurs operate in at the different stages of the spin-off process is effected. By means of social network analysis effected by a survey among Austrian academic entrepreneurs, it is examined which network structures favor the recognition of entrepreneurial opportunities and their realization in the form of a spin-off company. Thus generated insights are intended to contribute to nascent academic entrepreneurs' awareness how to optimally use their social contacts and networks in setting up their new ventures. Moreover, the work intends to provide valuable insights for political decision-makers as to the provision of necessary framework conditions supporting respective social dynamics required for the creation of innovative knowledge- und technology-intensive companies in Austria. (author's abstract)

Ein entscheidender Erfolgsgarant für die Abwicklung von FuE-Projekten durch ein internationales Projektteam liegt in der Kombination des Wissens aller Mitarbeiter. Manche Unternehmen können das spezielle Know how ihrer Mitarbeiter noch stärker nutzen und Entscheidungsbefugnisse für bestimmte Projektaufgaben delegieren. Zu empfehlen ist dies z. B. für die Innovationsaufgaben: Erstellung des Gesamtentwicklungskonzeptes und Ideenfindung. Unterscheiden sich die Unternehmenskulturen der beteiligten Projektmitarbeiter stark voneinander, ist die Erstellung des Gesamtentwicklungskonzeptes durch das Team nicht mehr sinnvoll. Die Aufgaben: Suche nach Projektmitarbeitern und Auswahl der Zulieferer sollte der Geschäftsführer aufgrund seiner besseren Zugangsmöglichkeiten zu anderen Unternehmensbereichen und externen Einrichtungen überwiegend selbst ausführen. Generell ist es ratsam, dass international agierende Konzerne individuelle Partizipationsmodelle gestalten und Probleme, die durch unterschiedliche Kulturausprägungen entstehen, verhindern bzw. beseitigen.

This research supports the choice of a Design and Development Research approach for the creation and validation of ID methods, thus providing a theoretically-grounded and pedagogically-inclusive method for designing reusable pedagogical scenarios. It also presents a framework for articulating a generic instructional design theory with a coherent instructional design method, and hence, it contributes to augmenting the instructional design knowledge base. This dissertation presents a research divided into four main phases of development and validation. The first phase grounds the research in a theory of instructional design that aligns it with other related design disciplines, and decomposes the design problem into layers of artifact functionalities. This theory corresponds to software-engineering-infused instructional design methods also known as courseware engineering.The second phase explores ways to integrate an educational modeling language within an instructional design method for enabling the representation of pedagogical scenarios of computational facture. To reflect and experiment on this issue, we have chosen to study the MISA instructional design method developed at the LICEF research center and the IMS LD specification. The third phase presents an initial developmental solution, which is tested in a case study. We studied the introduction, into the MISA method, of a new technique supporting the design of a MISA pedagogical scenario according to IMS LD constraints. The aim was to test an 'economic' solution that would not require further modifications to the MISA method. We therefore conducted a case study where a technique for the representation of a conformed to IMS LD pedagogical scenario was applied to the transposition of a MISA pedagogical scenario by an expert instructional designer. The fourth and final phase exends the development and validation of a solution by way of a two-round Delphi method. We requested the participation of four experts. This developmental step included a selection and introduction of minor modifications of a set of MISA documentation elements identified as crucial for the design of IMS LD compliant pedagogical scenario. The Delphi enabled agreement on an adapted version of the MISA method that fulfills the design purpose. The final outcome of the design process is a pedagogical scenario with all the information required to run an IMS LD-like pedagogical scenario organized in a semi-formal manner and capable of translation into a structured markup language for running in a compliant learning management system. In this sense, the pedagogical scenario results in a document that can be understood as an intermediate state between a blueprint and an executable UoL.

As the Enlightenment took hold in Europe, all aspects of eighteenth-century society felt its effects. Musical tastes, caught in this ideological shift, began to move from the more codified complexity of counterpoint toward the more simplified aesthetic known as galant. Johann Sebastian Bach, now in the most mature phase of a musical career rooted in the contrapuntal style, came under growing public criticism from proponents of galant who were increasingly dismissive of counterpoint as an out-dated compositional method. In 1741, during this time of growing censure, Bach created the wedding cantata BWV 210, O holder Tag erwünschte Zeit, based on an earlier cantata but with significant changes that are unique within this oeuvre. Rather than the typical celebratory libretto characteristic of his other wedding cantatas, Bach mounted a strong rhetorical argument in defense of music, deftly combining irony, humour, and pointed barbs to make his point. The rationale for this has not received significant scholarly attention. This dissertation explores the idea that Bach used BWV 210 as a specific personal response to his critics who favoured the changing musical aesthetic of the era, and as a defense of a contrapuntal style cherished by him but no longer valued by many advocates of the galant. This claim is supported through an aggregation of extant research linking the cantata to the circumstances in which it was created. Particular attention is given to the ideological conflict represented in the aesthetic shift of the eighteenth century, and Bach’s reactions evident in written documents, his compositions and in his unique synthesis of compositional styles intersecting the aesthetics of his era. The circumstances under which the cantata was written provide context for the significant libretto revisions undertaken to adapt the cantata from its closest known counterpart, BWV 210a. Finally, Johann Scheibe’s published criticism against Bach is explored as an important flashpoint for Bach’s use of BWV 210 as a musical rebuttal. Not only is a better understanding of a lesser-known cantata achieved, but a glimpse into the mindset of Bach is also realized through the unusually personal response included in BWV 210.

As the Enlightenment took hold in Europe, all aspects of eighteenth-century society felt its effects. Musical tastes, caught in this ideological shift, began to move from the more codified complexity of counterpoint toward the more simplified aesthetic known as galant. Johann Sebastian Bach, now in the most mature phase of a musical career rooted in the contrapuntal style, came under growing public criticism from proponents of galant who were increasingly dismissive of counterpoint as an out-dated compositional method. In 1741, during this time of growing censure, Bach created the wedding cantata BWV 210, O holder Tag erwünschte Zeit, based on an earlier cantata but with significant changes that are unique within this oeuvre. Rather than the typical celebratory libretto characteristic of his other wedding cantatas, Bach mounted a strong rhetorical argument in defense of music, deftly combining irony, humour, and pointed barbs to make his point. The rationale for this has not received significant scholarly attention. This dissertation explores the idea that Bach used BWV 210 as a specific personal response to his critics who favoured the changing musical aesthetic of the era, and as a defense of a contrapuntal style cherished by him but no longer valued by many advocates of the galant. This claim is supported through an aggregation of extant research linking the cantata to the circumstances in which it was created. Particular attention is given to the ideological conflict represented in the aesthetic shift of the eighteenth century, and Bach’s reactions evident in written documents, his compositions and in his unique synthesis of compositional styles intersecting the aesthetics of his era. The circumstances under which the cantata was written provide context for the significant libretto revisions undertaken to adapt the cantata from its closest known counterpart, BWV 210a. Finally, Johann Scheibe’s published criticism against Bach is explored as an important flashpoint for Bach’s use of BWV 210 as a musical rebuttal. Not only is a better understanding of a lesser-known cantata achieved, but a glimpse into the mindset of Bach is also realized through the unusually personal response included in BWV 210.