本研究旨在探討區公所的公務人員對直屬長官實施轉換型領導時的評價之差異性、對行政績效上的評價之差異情形，及探討轉換型領導與行政績效間之關係。 本研究之實證調查部份，採用問卷調查法，以台北市各區公所的公務人員為研究範圍，針對12行政區公所採分層比例隨機抽樣法，以55％之比例為抽樣基準，總計抽取795份樣本進行施測，取得回收有效問卷714份。研究問卷內容包含員工個人基本資料、轉換型領導量表及行政績效量表。問卷調查資料運用電腦統計套裝軟體SPSS for Windows 10.0版，以描述性統計分析、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、及Person積差相關係數等統計分析方法進行資料處理。 本研究經實證分析，歸納結論如次： 一、就「轉換型領導」各構面平均數比率的得分情形而言，其中以「理想化的影響力」得分最高（71.02%），其次依序為「個別化的關懷」（68.16%），「交易領導」（68.10%），得分最低的為「才智的激發」（68.03%）。 二、就「行政績效」各構面平均數比率的得分情形而言，其中以「組織目標達成程度」得分最高（82.67%），其次依序為「組織資源運用程度」（81.76%），「員工服務品質」（80.53%），得分最低的則為「領導滿意度」（69.70%）。 三、個人基本屬性對直屬長官在實施轉換型領導時的評價之各構面之差異情形，其中因年齡、機關年資、主管或非主管、職等、是否於私人企業服務過與機關別的不同而有顯著差異。 四、個人基本屬性對行政績效的評價之各構面之差異情形，其中因年齡、公務員年資、機關年資、主管或非主管、職等、是否於私人企業服務過與機關別的不同而有顯著差異。 五、轉換型領導與行政績效呈現高度正相關。 最後，本研究依據研究結果提出若干建議，做為後續研究之參考。 關鍵字：轉換型領導、行政績效 / Using the civil servants in the twelve district offices of Taipei City as a sample space, this study aims to probe their evaluations for transformational leadership and the administrative performance. Also, it investigates the relations between the transformational leadership and the administrative performance of the civil servants. This study uses questionnaire survey as the research method. Research samples come from the civil servants in the district offices of Taipei City. The samples are selected by stratified random sampling method. 55 percent of the personnel from each sampled department form the sample space. 714 out of 795 distributed samples are successfully returned. The questions in the questionnaire include personal information and the quantifiable measurements for both the transformational leadership and the administrative performance. Obtained data are then processed with SPSS for Windows 10.0. The performed processes include the analysis of Descriptive Statistics Analysis, the t-Test, the One-Way ANOVA and the Pearson Product Moment Correlation . After the empirical analysis, we have come to the conclusions as below: 1. On the mean ratio of transformational leadership facet, the idealized influence wins the highest points (71.02%) , with the individualized consideration seconds to it (68.16%), followed by the transactional leadership (68.10%), and the intellectual stimulation (68.03%). 2. On the mean ratio of administrative performance facet, the organization goal achievement comes on top with 82.67%, with the organization effectiveness resource using seconds to it (81.76%), followed by the service quality of employee (80.53%) and the leadership satisfaction (69.70%). 3. The responses of employee on the transformational leadership differ significantly according to their ages, departments, serving years in the current organization, positions (manager or non-manager, scale of positions), and whether have served in private business or not, classified in agency. 4. The administrative performance also differs significantly due to their ages, departments, serving years in the current organization, positions (manager or non-manager, scale of positions), whether have served in private business or not, classified in agency and the total serving years. 5. In general, the transformational leadership and the administrative performance are positively related. With this study, the author intends to come up with a result that provides some help to the related researches in the future. Keyword：transformational leadership , administrative performance

This study develops an instrument for evaluating the effectiveness of educational administrative performance in Korea. The purposes of this study are to determine the attitudes of 272 respondent Korean school administrators (elementary, middle, and high school principals and vice principals) toward the purposes of administrative evaluation, the elements of an administrative evaluation system, and the competencies that are needed for successful administrative performance. The survey instrument used is a two-part questionnaire that addresses the purposes and elements of administrative evaluation and administrative competencies. Four research questions are answered both by comparing the responses of position and school groups (utilizing a two-way analysis of variance) and rank ordering each item within each category by position and school groups.

Data de aprova??o ausente. / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-05-09T13:47:53Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) deborah_leao_sousa_silva_parcial.pdf: 3870844 bytes, checksum: 79e89a0df949c41d0f9583607d2b4549 (MD5) / Rejected by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br), reason: Alterar arquivo desconfigurado. on 2017-05-16T18:12:55Z (GMT) / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-05-16T19:23:31Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) deborah_leao_sousa_silva_parcial.pdf: 193794 bytes, checksum: 0a9a6c323140febe807ba9a732a06ef7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-05-16T19:46:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) deborah_leao_sousa_silva_parcial.pdf: 193794 bytes, checksum: 0a9a6c323140febe807ba9a732a06ef7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-16T19:46:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) deborah_leao_sousa_silva_parcial.pdf: 193794 bytes, checksum: 0a9a6c323140febe807ba9a732a06ef7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / O presente trabalho prop?s um estudo de caso, cujo objetivo principal foi investigar as condi??es objetivas de trabalho dos servidores t?cnico-administrativos de uma Divis?o Acad?mica da Universidade Federal de S?o Jo?o del-Rei (UFSJ) e a influ?ncia dessas condi??es na satisfa??o e desempenho deles. Para tanto, partiu-se da problem?tica na qual as universidades federais brasileiras, sendo autarquias integrantes da Administra??o Indireta do Poder Executivo, vinculadas ao Minist?rio da Educa??o (MEC) e respons?veis pelas atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extens?o, passaram por um recente processo de expans?o denominado Plano de Reestrutura??o e Expans?o das Universidades Federais (REUNI). O estudo foi desenvolvido com 29 servidores da Divis?o de Acompanhamento e Controle Acad?mico (DICON) da Pr?-Reitoria de Ensino de Gradua??o (PROEN) de todos os campi da UFSJ, universidade situada no interior mineiro. Para tanto, foram utilizadas ferramentas de gest?o empresarial (an?lise de organogramas parciais, confec??o do quadro de distribui??o de trabalho e estudo do Layout), an?lise documental de avalia??es de desempenho e aplica??o de question?rio de satisfa??o e insatisfa??o no trabalho entre os servidores investigados. Os dados foram coletados no m?s de junho de 2016 ap?s aprova??o do Comit? de ?tica da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM). Posteriormente, foram tratados qualitativa e quantitativamente mediante an?lise das porcentagens das respostas das avalia??es de desempenho e do question?rio de satisfa??o e insatisfa??o no trabalho, al?m da an?lise qualitativa das ferramentas gerenciais, a fim de correlacionar o desempenho e a satisfa??o dos servidores com suas condi??es objetivas de trabalho. Concluiu-se que ? poss?vel que as condi??es objetivas de trabalho estejam influenciando a satisfa??o dos servidores para a maioria dos aspectos investigados, mas que n?o exerce influ?ncia sobre o desempenho deles apesar de terem relatado algumas dificuldades no ambiente de trabalho. / Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Educa??o, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016. / The present study proposed a case study, whose main objective was to investigate the objective working conditions of the technical-administrative staff of an Academic Division of the Federal University of S?o Jo?o del-Rei (UFSJ) and the influence of these conditions on their satisfaction and performance. In order to do so, it started from the problem in which Brazilian federal universities, which are members of the Indirect Administration of the Executive Branch, linked to the Ministry of Education (MEC) and responsible for teaching, research and extension activities underwent a recent process of Expansion called Federal University Restructuring and Expansion Plan (REUNI). The study was developed with 29 servers of the Division of Academic Monitoring and Control (DICON) of the Pro-Rectory of Undergraduate Education (PROEN) of all UFSJ campuses, a university located in the interior of Minas Gerais. In order to do so, we used business management tools (analysis of partial organization charts, preparation of the work distribution table and study of the layout), documentary analysis of performance evaluations and questionnaire application of job satisfaction and dissatisfaction among the servers investigated. The data were collected in June 2016 after approval by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM). Subsequently, they were treated qualitatively and quantitatively by analyzing the percentages of the performance evaluations and the satisfaction and dissatisfaction questionnaire responses, as well as the qualitative analysis of the management tools, in order to correlate the performance and satisfaction of the employees with their objective conditions of work. It was concluded that it is possible that objective work conditions are influencing server satisfaction for most of the aspects investigated, but that it does not influence their performance despite having reported some difficulties in the work environment.

本研究旨在探討美國、英國及我國中央對地方政府特殊教育行政績效評鑑的狀況，運用特殊教育通報網篩選檢核指標，編製地方政府特殊教育行政績效調查問卷，發展平時檢測與定期實地評鑑機制，以建置平時與定期兼顧的特殊教育行政績效評鑑制度，供教育行政機關實施之參考。 採用文獻分析、訪問、焦點座談、問卷調查及團體深度訪談等五種方法。採取「特殊教育通報網運用調查問卷」、「地方政府特殊教育行政績效調查問卷」、「地方政府特殊教育行政績效實地評鑑調查問卷」及三問卷之訪問大綱為研究工具，以特殊教育行政人員、學者專家及特教教師與家長為研究對象。本研究自2006年10月至2009年5月為期兩年餘，研究發現有五： 一、美國積極推動中央對地方政府特殊教育行政績效評鑑，採取法制化、發展督導系統、委託全國特殊教育績效監督中心評鑑、評鑑委員多元化、檢測各州績效體制成效表、以及實施指標強調與一般學生比較等作法。英國教育標準署明訂特殊教育之分項視察項目、明列三層面九向度的特殊教育需求檢核標準、明列每項鑑定標準的等級標準、以及鑑定標準納入地方教育局改善的能力等作為，兩國上述作法均可供參酌。 二、評析我國2002年、2004年、2006年及2008年對地方政府特殊教育行政績效評鑑，發現評鑑制度已日漸完善。但目的宜強化輔導、資源調配與管理、相互觀摩與交流；評鑑委員宜再納入縣市特殊教育行政人員代表；評鑑項目依其性質宜分為指定領域、自選領域、複評領域及免評領域四類；辦理方式除書面評鑑外，應納入實地評鑑。 三、基於文獻分析、訪問、調查及團體深度訪談結果，我國中央對地方政府特殊教育行政績效評鑑有必要「建置平時與定期(或專案)兼顧的特殊教育行政績效評鑑制度」。此制度含括平時檢測機制、定期實地評鑑機制、地方政府自我評鑑及專案訪視機制四部分，並具體轉化為實施計畫，然本研究僅探討前兩部分。 四、以適切擴充特殊教育通報網篩選出量化客觀的關鍵與核心指標予以初檢，再以地方政府特殊教育行政績效調查結果的主觀感受進行複檢，以建構平時檢測機制，並具體轉化為實施子計畫。 五、以2008年特殊教育行政績效評鑑為基礎，依據訪問、調查及團體深度訪談結果來發展以督導、輔導、檢討、改善、資源調配與管理、相互觀摩與交流為目的之定期實地評鑑機制，並以三年為一週期，分年完成25縣市之實地評鑑，且具體轉化為實施子計畫。 / This study provides an overview and analysis regarding the central government’s evaluation of local governments’ administrative performance in special education in the U.S, England and Taiwan. By applying the Special Education Transmit Net（SETNET） to set the examining indicators, and by working out special education administrative performance questionnaires, the purpose of this study is to develop a mechanism, including a routine review and a periodical evaluation, and eventually to submit some practical suggestions to the Ministry of Education regarding special education in Taiwan. This study was undertaken for two and half years starting from October, 2006. It was conducted through literature review, interviews, focused forum, questionnaire survey and group depth interview methods. The results and conclusions are as follows: （1）The U.S actively promotes a sound system to evaluate local government administrative performance in special education in the areas of legislation, monitoring mechanisms, supporting The National Center for Special Education Accountability Monitoring (NCSEAM), and Measuring the Implementation of a State’s Accountability System etc. The Office for Standards in Education in England has linked inspection judgments about special education to the grade criteria of the inspection of special educational needs and investigates improvements the LEA has made since the last inspection. All the above mentioned are good paradigms for Taiwan. （2）An overview of evaluations which Taiwan has carried out in 2002, 2004, 2006 and 2008 reveal gradual improvements. However, the aims should emphasize guidance and assistance, resources allocation and management, emulation and communication. Local special education administrators should be subsumed into evaluation committees.The evaluation items should include assignation domain, option domain, reevaluation domain and exempt domain. The evaluation procedure should also include on-site visiting. （3）Based on the study results, Taiwan needs to establish a local performance evaluation system which looks after both routine and periodicity. The system should contain a routine review mechanism, a periodical on-site evaluation, self evaluations of local governments and special task inspection. （4）The SETNET should be expended further to select some objective key indicators and nuclear indicators for the initial examination, then the survey results of “Local government’s administrative performance in special education questionnaire” for reviewing can be adopted to accomplish the routine review. （5）On the basis of the evaluation in 2008 and the study results, Taiwan could develop a periodical on-site evaluation every three years as a cycle to complete the evaluation of 25 counties.

策略性人力資源管理(Strategic Human resource management,簡稱SHRM)的理論係基於人力資源乃是組織中的重要資產，因此組織必須針對人力資源管理與組織策略整合的相關議題提出解決方案，以利於提昇組織績效，是故，策略性人力資源管理與人力資源管理不同之處，即在於著重人力資源管理的策略面相，並強調如何結合策略管理來因應外部環境的變化，在本研究中將梳整策略性人力資源管理的源流及其相關的理論，並對於其研究上的途徑、模型加以研析，此外，也將針對SHRM在實證研究上的限制予以批判，建立本研究堅實的理論基礎。 本研究實證統計分析的過程主要是從次數分配開始，以大致瞭解目前我國公務人力資源管理的現況及展望，然後，再利用因素分析與信度考驗，來檢驗問卷是否達到信度及效度，並做為本研究統計交叉分析的基礎，筆者採用成對樣本T檢定來檢驗受訪者對人力資源管理實際與理想認知上落差的狀況，再利用人口統計變項、瞭解其是否造成人力資源管理及行政績效之間的差異，在瞭解其關係之後，筆者在第四章中主要是以皮爾森積差相關分析檢驗人力資源管理與行政績效之間的直線關係，結果兩者之間是呈現中度正相關的關聯性，為了更深入的瞭解其中的關聯性，筆者採用多變異數分析，加入控制變項來檢驗人力資源管理與行政績效的關聯性，並且進行迴歸分析，以瞭解預測影響行政績效構面的相關因素。 在經由實證分析的論證之後，對於本研究主要問題，人力資源管理與行政績效是否具有關聯性方向，筆者得到相當正面的答案，並以之做為SWOT分析的基礎，在結論中本研究更據此對公務人力資源管理實務上提出幾點具體的建議，包括:一、重視彈性化管理，二、正視人力資源管理的策略性角色，三、設定文官改革的優先性，四、組織文化的改造，五、管理才能訓練的重視、六、標竿學習的採行等六項實務上的建議，在後續研究的建議方面則提出利用質化研究方式、及運用影響人力資源管理實務的其他因素加以分析、強化績效指標的建立，並針對個別的機關或者性質不同的機關進行測量等四項後續研究建議。

Der Alltag von Menschen wird von den Angeboten und Leistungen der Städte und Gemeinden geprägt, in denen sie leben. Die Potenziale der Digitalisierung werden durch Konzepte wie E-Government und Smart City konkretisiert. Während E-Government vor allem die elektronische Nutzung von Verwaltungsleistungen betrifft, umfasst der Begriff einer Smart City die Nutzung digitaler Technologien für nahezu jede Aufgabe in einer Stadt, damit diese effizienter, nachhaltiger und resilienter wird und dadurch die Lebensqualität der Bürgerschaft erhöht (D`Onofrio & Stucki, 2021). Die neue Bundesregierung will die Verwaltungsdigitalisierung voranbringen. Dazu soll der Staat die Kooperation mit Wirtschaft und Zivilgesellschaft suchen, mehr Transparenz und Teilhabe in seinen Entscheidungen bieten und mit einer unkomplizierten, schnellen und digitalen Verwaltung das Leben der Menschen einfacher machen. ... [Aus: Einleitung]

本研究旨在探討直轄市山地原住民區改制前後，原為官派制轉換成民選制的區，比較兩種制度在地方上的治理運作與模式，以表現不同制度在相同環境、事務時所產生的運作差異，一方面評估不同制度下之運作；方面評估制度中的民意制衡能力。最後分析民選制與官派制於治理上的優缺點和差異，並對當前制度提出相應的改善建議。 本研究採用的研究方法如下： 1.個案研究法：選定新北市烏來區為個案，觀察制度轉換之差異所造成的影響。 2.文獻分析法：整理分析相關文書資料以比較官派制與民選制的結構、機制之差異。 3.深入訪談法：選定直轄市山地原住民區改制前後，擔任行政與民代職務者，進行職 責與實務的訪談，調查制度差異對行為與結果的影響，以及地方感受跟評價。 / The case study is research to the mountain indigenous districts of special municipalities, the former official system is converted into an elected system of district.By comparing the models and practices of these two local governance systems brought by the institutional reform, which has led our attention to the differences of behavior and reaction the two systems have while put in the same environment and under the same government affairs, this present study evaluates the two systems with special focus on their administrative performance and check-and-balance capability of the public sector. The ultimate purpose of this study is to analyze the merits and limits of elected representation and official appointment and through observing one real case, and finally propose advices to improve the current system. Methodologies adopted in this study include: 1.Case study: Wilai District of New Taipei City is chosen to observe the impact of institutional reform. 2.Literature analysis: Relevant documents and data are collected and analyzed for the comparison of official appointment and elected representation in their organizational and functional differences. 3.In-depth interview: Administrative officials and elected representatives who have experienced the transition are interviewed about their duty change and practical exercise of governance, in hope to investigate behavioral and consequential influences the new system has caused, and collect feedback and evaluation from local government.