Bakgrund: Globalt sett är psykisk ohälsa som högst bland unga vuxna kvinnor. Kvinnorna vänder sig till primärvården där de får träffa en distriktssköterska. Personer med psykisk ohälsa upplevs vara utmanande att möta. I samhället finns stigmatisering kring psykisk ohälsa som kan ge ett ogynnsamt liv. Forskning visar att resurs- och kunskapsbrist kring ämnet finns. Syfte: Syftet är att belysa faktorer för återhämtning hos unga vuxna kvinnor med psykisk ohälsa. Metod: Studien baserades på självbiografier framtagna från bibliotekskatalogen Libris. En kvalitativ design med en induktiv ansats användes. Resultatet analyserades med en narrativ tematisk analysmetod med ett manifest förhållningssätt. Resultat: Nio självbiografier med utgångspunkt både nationellt och internationellt representerar resultatet. Faktorer framkom genom sju kategorier; behov av en stödjande person, bemötandets betydelse, samtalets betydelse, känslor som stärker, personlig drivkraft, det egna tankemönstret och att hantera tankar och känslor. Faktorerna för återhämtning ansågs vara individuella. Resultatet speglar behov av hjälp från omgivningen vilket skapar förutsättningar för att kunna genomföra resan mot återhämtning. Slutsats: Unga vuxna kvinnor med psykisk ohälsa är i behov av stöd från omgivningen, ett gott bemötande, samtal med andra, bekräftelse av känslor, att förändra sitt tankemönster och hitta sitt sätt att hantera tankar och känslor. Alla behöver hitta sin egen drivkraft. Distriktssköterskan kan med kännedom om dessa faktorer tillsammans med Tidal Modellens synsätt främja en personcentrerad vård i mötet. / Background: In Sweden one of three suffer from cancer only two of three survive. More women than men suffer from cancer because of genetic and unhealthy determinations. Worry, fear and anxiety are common reactions notified of a cancer diagnosis and during the treatment of cancer. It can affect the persons suffering from the disease and their life. Primary care has a coordinating role and will have more responsibility in the future reagarding cancer care. Due to this, that the district nurse must have increased knowledge about patients with cancer in terms of worry, fear and anxiety.  Aim: The aim was to illuminate women's experiences under treatment of cancer. Method: The study has a qualitative design and the data collection was based on eight autobiographical written by women. The study has been analyzed using a narrative thematic analysis. The analysis was performed on a manifest and a latent level. Results: The eight women's experiences of worry, fear and anxiety under treatment of cancer was described in three themes and nine categories. The themes that emerged were: The constant oscillation between safety and rough distress, The importance of making the most of the time and The changes on personal levels. It appears that the feelings oscillated between loneliness under the treatment of cancer and safeness from loved ones. The women found strategies to handle the side effects under the treatment of cancer that affected their personal levels. The women could find vitality despite suffering from the disease and suffering from life.  Conclusion: Women who were under treatment of cancer experienced anxiety over the treatment's long term effects and the risk of relapses. Loneliness, worrying, anxiety and identity crises were common in the result. District nurses, therefore, need to be conscious about the patients' experiences when interacting and treating cancer patients. Through an ethical approach, equal care can be applied and strengthen the dignity for women suffering from cancer.

No description available.

The number of people aged 60 years and over has doubled since 1980and the World Health Organization predicts that the population of over60s will reach 2 billion by the year 2050. An ageing population poses bothchallenges and opportunities for society and for individuals. Whilst theseare positive statements, increases in life spans do not directly lead to increasesin health spans. The naturally occurring ageing process can leadto reductions in functionality and, in order to address this, scholars haveargued the benefits of regularly engaging in physical activity, and especiallyresistance training. Therefore, an important challenge for modernsociety is to develop strategies that delay the onset of disease, such as interventionsthat include physical activity. This licentiate thesis investigatesolder women’s physical activity in a resistance training context and howthis affects different aspects of their health.The overall aim of the thesis is to explore healthy and physically activeolder women’s experiences of what maintains and enhances their healthafter starting resistance training.This thesis used a quantitative and a qualitative approach to investigatea group of old adult women. Data collection was structured in questionnaires(n=32) with one intervention group and one control group for thepaper I, and focus group interviews (n=14) in paper II. Paper I studied theeffects of resistance training on physically active and healthy olderwomen. Paper II relates to the women who continued to exercise after theresistance training intervention ended in order to explore their health resources.The theoretical framework used in this thesis is a movement towardshealth as explained by salutogenic theory.This thesis showed that resistance training has positive effects on psychologicalwell-being and is important because it not only benefits thosewho are physically inactive, but also those who are already physically activeand healthy.From a salutogenic perspective, physical activity provides a meaningful,comprehensible and manageable way for older women to engage in theongoing process of maintaining health.

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are serious birth defects that affect 3,000 pregnancies in the United States annually. All women of childbearing age are recommended to consume 400 micrograms of folic acid daily for the prevention of NTDs. Women aged 18 to 24 years have multiple risk factors for having an NTD-affected pregnancy and should be targeted by efforts to promote folic acid consumption. Survey data capturing folic acid awareness, knowledge, and supplementation behavior of women aged 18 to 24 years who are not contemplating pregnancy were examined to identify the relationship of folic acid awareness and knowledge to daily supplementation with folic acid in an effort to predict the effectiveness of education-only interventions. Results of the study suggested that awareness and knowledge was not consistently related to daily supplementation. An evaluation of qualitative data using the Health Belief Model offers explanations for the findings and recommendations for targeting these at-risk women.

Today physical activity and exercise are very popular and we are reminded daily how physical activity of various kinds is beneficial for different aspects. The development of society has today created opportunities to be more physically active with, among other things, access to an outdoor gym. At the same time, society has become comfortable with tools and assets that make it easier for humans to get from point to point without much physical activity, such as battery-powered scooters, called VOIs, at the same time research shows reduced physical activity. Motivation is needed to be and remain physically active. This study aims to identify young adult women's internal and external motivating factors for physical activity based on Self-determination Theory (SDT). Of using a qualitative method five young adult student women were selected for an individual interview. The results showed that both internal motivation and external motivation were important for physical activity, except for experience of training and personal factors. / Idag är fysik aktivitet och träning väldigt populärt och vi blir dagligen påminda hur fysisk aktivitet av olika slag är gynnsamt för olika aspekter. Samhällets utveckling har idag skapat möjligheter till att lättare vara fysiskt aktiv med bland annat tillgång av ute gym. Samtidigt så har samhället blivit bekväm med redskap och tillgångar som gör det lättare för människan att ta sig från punkt till punkt utan speciellt mycket fysisk aktivitet så som batteristyrda sparkcyklar, VOI, samtidigt visar forskning på minskad fysisk aktivitet. Motivation behövs för att vara och förbli fysisk aktiv. Denna studie syftar till att kartlägga och identifiera unga vuxna kvinnors inre samt yttre motivationsfaktorer till fysisk aktivitet. Utifrån de grundläggande psykologiska behoven från Self-determination Theory har empirin analyserats. Med en kvalitativ metod valdes fem unga vuxna studerande kvinnor till en djupgående individuell intervju. Resultatet visade att både inre motivation och yttre motivation var av betydelse för att vara fysiskt aktiv, med undantag av erfarenhet av träning samt personliga faktorer. Slutsatsen kan dras att välbefinnande av de olika psykologiska behoven, autonomi, kompetens och samhörighet, är betydelsefullt för att skapa och bibehålla motivation.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Little existing research has examined women’s solo masturbation and vibrator usage in a way that highlights the importance of both sexual agency and the sexual/romantic relationship context. This research evaluates if and how social factors, partnership status and the relationship context, and sexual self-concept impact a woman’s behaviors and attitudes toward masturbation and vibrator use. Using cross-sectional survey data from adult women (N=112), descriptive and bivariate analyses were used to explore a variety of factors. Single and partnered women did not differ significantly on a majority of measures, suggesting that partnership status may play an insignificant role in predicting women’s solo sex attitudes and behaviors. Regarding the relationship context, partner communication and positivity toward masturbation and vibrator use significantly varied together. Finally, greater sexual openness and sexual entitlement were associated with higher masturbation frequency. Results from this study suggest that masturbation and vibrator use are common among adult women, and women are capable of sexual agency in relation to masturbation and vibrator use, whether they are in established partnerships or not.

No description available.

Le présent projet doctoral vise à considérer les lacunes dans la documentation scientifique sur le Trouble Paraphilique Coercitif (TPC) en mettant l’accent sur la validité des critères diagnostiques proposés pour inclusion dans le DSM-5 et les marqueurs comportementaux. À ce fait, les données archivées d’individus ayant sexuellement agressé des femmes adultes ont été étudiées. La thèse est constituée de trois articles empiriques. Le premier article présente des résultats clés découlant des analyses, élaborés dans les articles subséquents. Le second (N = 47) évalue les fréquences observées du TPC, la validité et l’impact du recours au nombre minimal de victimes comme critère diagnostique, ainsi que les indices prédisant la récidive sexuelle. Le troisième article (N = 52) compare les groupes diagnostiques sur une série de comportements délictuels, tels que les gestes sexuels et les comportements violents, dans le but d’identifier les marqueurs comportementaux associés avec la propension au viol qui pourraient assister dans le processus diagnostique. Dans le même ordre d’idées, nous avons créé des typologies de violeurs à partir des gestes sexuels commis, d’un côté, et des comportements violents, de l’autre côté. Conséquemment, les caractéristiques des typologies ainsi obtenues et leur association avec le TPC furent examinées. Dans l’ensemble, nos résultats ne soutiennent pas le recours au nombre de victimes. Nos données suggèrent que, globalement, les violeurs avec le TPC utilisent un niveau de gestes sexuels plus envahissant et un niveau de violence moindre que les violeurs n’ayant pas ce diagnostic, et que l’exhibitionnisme et l’attouchement pourraient servir de marqueurs comportementaux pour le TPC. En outre, les violeurs avec le TPC sont caractérisés davantage par demande indécente, exhibitionnisme, attouchement, masturbation, tentative de pénétration et pénétration digitale que par pénétration vaginale et sodomie. De plus, ces derniers font moins recours à l’utilisation d’armes, semblent ne pas frapper/donner des coups à la victime et sont caractérisés par la manipulation plutôt que par le recours aux menaces de mort, force excessive et utilisation d’armes. En somme, nos données soulignent la nécessité de s’appuyer sur une combinaison de méthodes d’évaluation afin d’améliorer la validité diagnostique et discriminante du TPC. / The present dissertation aims to address the shortcomings in the current literature on Paraphilic Coercive Disorder (PCD) by focusing on two main objectives: assessing the validity of the diagnostic criteria proposed for inclusion in the DSM-5 and investigating behavioral markers. To this end, archival files of rapists who offended against adult women were studied. The thesis consists of three empirical articles. The first article presents a succinct account of some of the key results emanating from the analyses. The second article (N = 47) examines the observed frequencies of PCD and assesses the validity and impact of relying on minimum number of victims as a diagnostic criterion. Furthermore, a number of variables of interest are examined to determine predictors of sexual recidivism. The third article (N = 52) compares diagnostic groups on a number of offense conduct characteristics – specifically sexual acts and violent behaviors – in an attempt to identify behavioral markers associated with rape-proneness that could aid with the diagnosis of PCD. Similarly, rapist typologies were created by classifying the sample into groups of sex offenders based on their sexual acts, on one hand, and violent behaviors, on the other hand. Consequently, their characteristics and association with PCD were examined. Our results do not support the reliance on number of victims. Our findings suggest that rapists with PCD are more sexually intrusive and resort to less violence overall than sex offenders without such a diagnosis and that exhibitionism and fondling could serve as behavioral markers for PCD. Moreover, rapists with PCD are characterised more by indecent request, exhibitionism, fondling, masturbation, attempted intercourse and digital penetration rather than by intercourse and sodomy. In terms of violent behaviors, rapists with PCD resort less to the use of weapons, seem not to hit their victims, and are likely characterised more by manipulation rather than by the use of death threats, excessive force and weapons. In sum, the present study highlights the necessity of relying on a combination of assessment methods in order to improve diagnostic and discriminant validity of PCD.