Student Number : 0315885J - PhD thesis - School of Journalism and Media Studies - Faculty of Humanties / This study responds to the generalization by traditional agenda setting or media effects studies, especially media agenda-setting hypothesis that people accept as important whatever the media considers to be so; and being so, have the capability to structure issues for its audience. Also, the thesis is uncomfortable with the media’s blanket use of the term ‘mass’ to refer to its audience particularly when considered against the background of Africa’s rurality. This study therefore is an attempt to stake out a new conceptual approach to the media’s agenda-setting capabilities with an emphasis on the ‘other neglected agents of power’, that is, this study’s proposition as ‘the established structures of community’ in Africa, especially rural Africa, in setting be it the media or ‘territorial’ agenda. Using the multifaceted and predominantly qualitative methodology of histories and the triangular orientation of personal interviews, survey questionnaires and content scanning of relevant media, the thesis amongst other issues of conceptual relevance re-awakens the theoretical issue of ‘whose agenda is the media agenda?” and whether the media and its agenda setting capabilities are not an urban phenomenon? The universality and applicability of the theory especially in Africa’s rural setting where language, illiteracy, poverty and the lack of access to modern media constitute obvious barriers is also a major concern of this study. With the above as a background, the three part (I – conceptual framing of the problem and relevant issues, ii – a proposition and iii – data presentation and research findings) study then agues, proposes and concludes that: [a] Media agenda is ‘source’ oriented as its sources quite often are identifiable and that, the media serves better (as against the overwhelming claim of agenda-setting) as a conduit or arena for contending issues, views, opinions, even sentiments; there is therefore no significant category of intellectual analysis called media agenda, at least, in Nigeria. [b] Media is urban based and centred, urban driven and even urban cultured …it is simply an urban phenomenon. [c] Indeed there are significant indicators that the ‘established structures of community’ functions and play major roles both in setting the media-agenda (where there is one) and in political power dynamics. [d] Media agenda is plausible but an ‘uncertain’ agenda; in Africa, especially rural Africa.

Denna uppsats undersöker hur svenska musikjournalisters roll gentemot sina läsare påverkats av internets utbredning och den ökande fildelningen i samband med den digitala och tekniska utvecklingen. Genom fem kvalitativa intervjuer med musikjournalister från de fyra största tidningarna i Sverige: Dagens nyheter, Svenska dagbladet, Aftonbladet och Expressen, under-söks hur musikjournalisterna själva uppfattar denna utveckling. Med utgångspunkt i teorin om agenda-setting har resultatet sedan analyserats och diskuterats. Slutsatsen är att musikjourna-listernas makt gentemot sina läsare har minskat det senaste decenniet. Läsarna ser inte längre musiksidorna i dagspressen som lika viktiga för deras musikkonsumtion. Musikjournalister-nas arbete har också underlättats då tillgängligheten på information blivit större på internet. Samtidigt är en konsekvens av den tekniska utvecklingen att det produceras och sprids mer musik i dag än någonsin tidigare, vilket gjort musikscenen svår att överblicka samt medfört en ökad arbetsbörda för musikjournalisterna när det gäller att hålla sig uppdaterade inom sitt om-råde.

Globally, research has shown that media coverage of illicit drug issues can play an important role in influencing public opinion and shaping drug policies. However, in Afghanistan, the world’s largest opium producer, very little is known about the media coverage of illicit drug issues. Afghan media, especially radio and television have developed dramatically during the past 11 years. Using the theories of agenda setting and framing, this study explored what drug-related topics were covered in the Afghan news media; how were these topics covered; how were the health and social consequences of drug abuse depicted in the media; and how much time was devoted to drug related topics in the media. Employing content analysis, the study examined primetime news coverage of the two leading media outlets: Azadi Radio and Tolo Television from 1st March 2011 until 31st July 2011. This thesis found the following types of imbalances in Afghan media reporting on illicit drug issues: 1) media reports on drug issues were heavily focused on supply reduction issues (81%) while paying considerably less attention to drug demand reduction issues (19%); 2) media predominantly framed illicit drugs as a law enforcement issue (83%) with only 15% of the paragraphs in the sample framing illicit drug as a public health problem; 3) media reporting on illicit drugs heavily relied on official sources (79%) lacking voices of the public health practitioners and drug addicts; 4) media coverage of illicit drug issues was heavily centered in Kabul (56%) with considerably less reporting from southern Afghanistan, which is the largest opium producing region. This study, which is presumably the first of its kind, provides media organizations, policy makers, and public health officials with a broad picture on the drug-related information available to the public on the leading Afghan news outlets. In addition, it serves as a basis for future research on media coverage of illicit drug issues in Afghanistan.

McCombs and Shaw¡¦s studies of agenda-setting theory showed that mass medium can not only maintain or change acceptors¡¦ perceptions of political issues but also guide electors¡¦ favoritism by setting agenda. Thus, in this thesis, we want to find the relation between framed-issues and the political positions of China Times and The Liberty Times by analyzing and comparing the agenda-setting behaviors of these two newspapers(including headline news, editorials, and their contents¡K) during the period of 2006 Kaohsiung mayoral campaign. The conclusion shows that in the same period of time there exist different framed-objects and attitudes toward those political issues operated by these two medium. It means that mass medium aim at framing issues to conduct what people would focus on. Nevertheless, this thesis find that the agenda-setting behaviors of China Times during the period of 2006 Kaohsiung mayoral election was intended to use error issues so agendas could connect with the framed political issues, while the agenda-setting behaviors of The Liberty Times, especially political issue, was of uncertainty. Most of its headlines are not related to politics, but still the framing activity occurred in the political edition.

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Globally, research has shown that media coverage of illicit drug issues can play an important role in influencing public opinion and shaping drug policies. However, in Afghanistan, the world’s largest opium producer, very little is known about the media coverage of illicit drug issues. Afghan media, especially radio and television have developed dramatically during the past 11 years. Using the theories of agenda setting and framing, this study explored what drug-related topics were covered in the Afghan news media; how were these topics covered; how were the health and social consequences of drug abuse depicted in the media; and how much time was devoted to drug related topics in the media. Employing content analysis, the study examined primetime news coverage of the two leading media outlets: Azadi Radio and Tolo Television from 1st March 2011 until 31st July 2011. This thesis found the following types of imbalances in Afghan media reporting on illicit drug issues: 1) media reports on drug issues were heavily focused on supply reduction issues (81%) while paying considerably less attention to drug demand reduction issues (19%); 2) media predominantly framed illicit drugs as a law enforcement issue (83%) with only 15% of the paragraphs in the sample framing illicit drug as a public health problem; 3) media reporting on illicit drugs heavily relied on official sources (79%) lacking voices of the public health practitioners and drug addicts; 4) media coverage of illicit drug issues was heavily centered in Kabul (56%) with considerably less reporting from southern Afghanistan, which is the largest opium producing region. This study, which is presumably the first of its kind, provides media organizations, policy makers, and public health officials with a broad picture on the drug-related information available to the public on the leading Afghan news outlets. In addition, it serves as a basis for future research on media coverage of illicit drug issues in Afghanistan.

Syfte och frågeställning: Utifrån kvalitativa intervjuer med journalister på dags-, kvälls- och lokaltidningar ska vi undersöka hur Twitter, som informationsteknologi, påverkar journalisters agendasättande roll, deras identitet och journalistik som profession. Detta görs för att i slutet kunna uttala sig om hur Twitter påverkar svensk journalistik. Metod och material: Studien bygger på kvalitativa intervjuer med fem journalister som har jobbat eller är aktiva på GT, Sydsvenskan, Norra Halland, Aftonbladet, Expressen och Café. Det är expertintervjuer och vi har valt att använda oss av det som kallas bekvämlighetsteknik i vårt urval. Vår empiri analyseras sedan genom abduktion. Huvudresultat: Studien finner att Twitter delvis förändrar svensk journalistik. Publiken har idag en större roll i relation till tidningarna men pressen innehar fortfarande den agendasättande makten. Slutligen förändrar Twitter det som kan kallas den journalistiska identiteten. Ett resultat av detta blir att journalistik inte följer de regler som befäster profession – vilket leder till att journalistik idag kan klassas som en semi-profession.

Syfte och frågeställning: Att undersöka hur två svenska nyhetstidningar valt att skildra en nyhet under vald period. Detta görs genom att besvara följande frågeställning: På vilket sätt skildrar Dagens Nyheter och Svenska Dagbladet ebolaviruset i sina tidningsartiklar från 1 maj 2014 till och med den 31 oktober 2014? Metod och material: Kvantitativ innehållsanalys på samtliga artiklar publicerade i DN och SvD under perioden 1 maj 2014 till och med 31 oktober 2014 samt diskursanalys på sex artiklar. Huvudresultat: I studien framkom det en tydlig förändring i artiklarna under hela undersökningsperioden. Det förändrades från att vara diskussioner om en kris till att sedan diskuteras om olika åtgärder för att minska oroligheten bland invånarna.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T18:45:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000397284-Texto+Completo-0.pdf: 5046294 bytes, checksum: 16356a5626029340e9bc40cb9dfd2ff6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / This work has as a main goal to verify the occurrence of Agenda Setting hypotesis in organizations’ communication during the flow of information and the generating of organizational knowledge. Thus, it intends to identify how Agenda Setting’s ideas permeate such processes by characterizing corporate portals as a tool able to optimize these practices. For this purpose, it has been used the Exploratory and Descriptive Researches (GIL, 1999) as a methodological way. Firstly, the work presents the theoretical body, which has been elaborated based on a bibliographical research. After discussing about some points that have come along from it, a fieldwork has been carried out on Sicredi – Credit Corporate System – with the aim of verifying in praxis the occurrence of some points observed in theoretical level. This study has both qualitative and quantitative approaches. For the first one, it has used two techniques: interviews for collecting data and the Content Analysis (PAGÈS, 1987) in presenting, analyzing and interpreting them. For the second one, it has been applied questionnaires, whose data have been presented, analyzed and interpreted from the Descriptive Statistics. It has realized that the main concepts of Agenda Setting that have been verified in the relation between media and receptors can be found where exchanges between organizations and their public take place from the communication processes. Like news, that are the element which provides content to the agendas that go around in communication media, information is the fuel that feeds the flow of the organizational communication. It has also verified that, by comparing to mass media, the institutional channels have a similar influence on people who surround organizations in regard to the agenda formation and to the influence on what and how to think and to speak. / A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo principal verificar a ocorrência da hipótese de Agenda Setting junto à comunicação nas organizações, durante o fluxo de informações e na geração de conhecimento organizacional. Assim, pretende identificar como os pressupostos do agendamento permeiam tais processos, caracterizando os portais corporativos como uma ferramenta capaz de otimizar estas práticas. Para tanto, utilizou-se, como caminho metodológico, as Pesquisas Descritiva e Exploratória, propostas por Gil (1999). Em um primeiro momento, é apresentado o referencial teórico elaborado, a partir da Pesquisa Bibliográfica. Feitas as discussões que surgiram deste levantamento, realizou-se uma pesquisa de campo, junto ao Sicredi – Sistema de Crédito Cooperativo –, para verificar, na práxis, a ocorrência dos apontamentos realizados em nível teórico. Este estudo teve duas abordagens distintas, uma de fórum qualitativo e outro quantitativo. Para o primeiro, as técnicas que balizaram as consultas foram a realização de entrevistas para a coleta dos dados e a Análise de Conteúdo (PAGÈS, 1987) na apresentação, análise e interpretação dos dados. Para a abordagem quantitativa, foram aplicados questionários, cujos dados foram apresentados, analisados e interpretados a partir da Estatística Descritiva (MALHOTRA, 2001).Percebeu-se que os principais pressupostos e conceitos que acompanham a hipótese de Agenda Setting, verificados na relação entre a mídia e os receptores, podem ser encontrados nos espaços onde ocorrem as trocas entre organizações e seus públicos, a partir de processos de comunicação. Assim como a notícia é o elemento que dá conteúdo às pautas que circulam nos meios de comunicação, a informação é o combustível que alimenta os fluxos de comunicação organizacional. Verificou-se, ainda, que os canais institucionais têm influência similar junto aos sujeitos que povoam as organizações, se comparados com os meios de comunicação de massa, na formação da agenda e na influência sobre o quê e como pensar e falar.

Globally, research has shown that media coverage of illicit drug issues can play an important role in influencing public opinion and shaping drug policies. However, in Afghanistan, the world’s largest opium producer, very little is known about the media coverage of illicit drug issues. Afghan media, especially radio and television have developed dramatically during the past 11 years. Using the theories of agenda setting and framing, this study explored what drug-related topics were covered in the Afghan news media; how were these topics covered; how were the health and social consequences of drug abuse depicted in the media; and how much time was devoted to drug related topics in the media. Employing content analysis, the study examined primetime news coverage of the two leading media outlets: Azadi Radio and Tolo Television from 1st March 2011 until 31st July 2011. This thesis found the following types of imbalances in Afghan media reporting on illicit drug issues: 1) media reports on drug issues were heavily focused on supply reduction issues (81%) while paying considerably less attention to drug demand reduction issues (19%); 2) media predominantly framed illicit drugs as a law enforcement issue (83%) with only 15% of the paragraphs in the sample framing illicit drug as a public health problem; 3) media reporting on illicit drugs heavily relied on official sources (79%) lacking voices of the public health practitioners and drug addicts; 4) media coverage of illicit drug issues was heavily centered in Kabul (56%) with considerably less reporting from southern Afghanistan, which is the largest opium producing region. This study, which is presumably the first of its kind, provides media organizations, policy makers, and public health officials with a broad picture on the drug-related information available to the public on the leading Afghan news outlets. In addition, it serves as a basis for future research on media coverage of illicit drug issues in Afghanistan.