Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-10-08Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:17:15Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_lh_me_rcla.pdf: 2022527 bytes, checksum: 43db9492f7f5d60ef8062e4b51523fbe (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Dentre as diversas formas de erosão, a erosão laminar é um dos principais processos de degradação do solo, acarretando sérios danos ao setor produtivo. Este processo pode ser intensificado devido ao uso inadequado que o homem faz da terra, em especial, nas áreas agrícolas. Para minimizar a degradação ambiental, bem como promover o desenvolvimento sócio-econômico, é necessário a elaboração de um planejamento territorial que vise a manutenção da qualidade do ambiente físico, biológico e social. Tendo a bacia hidrográfica como unidade natural para o planejamento, deve-se considerar que nela estão contidas propriedades rurais, que representam grande barreira ao desenvolvimento das práticas exigidas para a sua gestão, além de colaborar com o processo de erosão dos solos. Neste contexto, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo estimar o aporte de sedimentos, resultante da erosão hídrica laminar do solo, considerando a fragmentação da área da bacia hidrográfica do ribeirão Monjolo Grande (SP), em termos das propriedades rurais nela contidas, com apoio do modelo preditivo Modificação da Equação Universal de Perda de Solo (MEUPS) e das técnicas de Sensoriamento Remoto e Sistemas de Informações Geográficas. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que a perda relativa de solo por propriedade é dinâmica no tempo e no espaço, de modo que aquela que apresenta, em relação a outras propriedades, porcentagens elevadas de perda no período chuvoso, não necessariamente manterá a taxa relativa na época de estiagem. Observou-se também que a bacia apresenta elevado grau de sensibilidade ao manejo agrícola das terras, sendo que 13 propriedades rurais (que correspondem a 72% da área da bacia) apresentaram alto potencial a processos erosivos, com perdas de solo acima de limites toleráveis, condicionado pela influência antrópica na área / Among various forms of erosion, the laminate erosion is a major soil degradation processes, causing serious damage to the productive sector. This process can be intensified due to inappropriate use man makes of the land, especially in agricultural areas. For to minimize environmental degradation and promote socio-economic development, it is necessary to elaborate a regional planning aimed at maintaining the quality of the physical, biological and social. Considering the watershed as a natural unit for planning, one should consider that it is contained rural properities, which represent cumber to the development of the practices required to manage, and collaborate with the process of soil erosion. In this context, the goal this research has estimate yields of sediment resulting from soil erosion laminar, considering the fragmentation of the area’s Monjolo Grande (SP) watershed in terms of rural properties contained therein, with support from predictive model of Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE) and the remote sensing and geographic information systems. The results indicated that the relative loss of soil from properties is dynamic in time and space, so that it presents, in relation to other properties, high percentages of loss in the rainy season, not necessarily maintain the relative rate at the time of drought. It was also noted that the watershed has a high sensibility to agricultural management of land, with 13 farms (which represent 72% of the basin area) showed high potential erosion, soil losses above tolerable limits, conditioned by human influence in the area

Submitted by Fabielle Cheuczuk (fabielle.cheuczuk@unioeste.br) on 2017-09-01T18:30:45Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Juvenir_de_Mello_2017.pdf: 2082475 bytes, checksum: b56f7f8b21e76d8e538702d68b1c7b7c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-01T18:30:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Juvenir_de_Mello_2017.pdf: 2082475 bytes, checksum: b56f7f8b21e76d8e538702d68b1c7b7c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The dissertation analyzes determinants of price dynamics of agricultural land in Francisco Beltrão-PR from 2000 to 2015. The price data of these lands were acquired from information of the Department of Rural Economy of the State of Paraná (DERAL) and interview. Starting with the historical process of formation of the Southwest region of Paraná, since lands titration until its respective valorization. The price of agricultural land are determined by a juncture of factors that are related in local, national and international scales. Because of specific attributes that the Brazilian land market possesses, it is considered that each site holds specific elements to get to the final pricing. The advent of the modernization process is also studied, since the state programs to promote the agricultural development, the financial credits and the impacts of economic policies on the land market through the past four decades. In conclusion, the idea is to analyze land prices of different rural communities of Francisco Beltrão, synthesizing the acquired dada between the properties, rated prices, developed activities and the characteristics of the ground. / A dissertação analisa os determinantes da dinâmica dos preços da terra agrícola no município de Francisco Beltrão-PR, no período entre 2000-2015. Os dados dos preços destas terras foram obtidos a partir de informações do Departamento de Economia Rural do Estado do Paraná (DERAL) e de entrevistas. Partimos do processo histórico de formação da região Sudoeste do Paraná, desde a titulação das terras até sua respectiva valorização. Os preços das terras agrícolas são determinados por uma conjuntura de fatores que se relacionam em escalas locais, nacionais e internacionais. Em virtude das especificidades que o mercado de terra brasileiro possui, consideramos que cada local detém elementos específicos para chegar a precificação final. Também adentramos ao advento do processo de modernização da agricultura, desde os programas do Estado para fomentar o desenvolvimento agrícola, créditos financeiros e os impactos das políticas econômicas no mercado de terra ao longo dos últimos quinze anos. Por fim buscamos analisar os preços de terras entre as diferentes comunidades rurais do município de Francisco Beltrão, sintetizando os dados obtidos entre as propriedades, preços avaliados, atividades desenvolvidas e as características de solos.

Cette thèse s'intéresse à l'interaction des transactions dans le montage opérationnel de grands projets immobiliers et industriels. Depuis deux décennies à Chennai (capitale du Tamil Nadu, Inde), les pouvoirs publics font la promotion des Corridors de développement économique, qui transforment des hectares de terre, voire des villages entiers. Si les politiques publiques, la gestion des organisations ou les conflits qu'entraîne l'émergence de ces projets impliquant des acteurs multiples et exogènes sont étudiés, peu de travaux s'attachent à décomposer les mécanismes anticipés, les multiples formes de négociations et les contextes historiques dans lesquels s'inscrivent ces projets. En étudiant la rencontre de la localité avec le projet et les reconfigurations de la société locale qu'elle implique, nous changeons de perspective : nous donnons à voir comment les forces locales s'approprient ces vecteurs de croissance pour asseoir ou défendre leur position sociale. A travers l'étude ethnographique de villages, nous décrivons et renseignons les représentations associées au sol et les pratiques d'acquisition foncière afin d'éclairer les micro-logiques : ces processus fragiles et incertains dans lesquels les acteurs s'impliquent de façon coordonnée ou non. Cette approche soulève les paradoxes dans la concrétisation des projets, qui malgré leur planification, découlent tant de rapports de forces que de compromis. Elle rend également compte de la production d'innovations foncières qui articulent les normes juridiques, les jeux politiques, les croyances et appartenances sociales qui s'imposent / This thesis examines the interactions of transactions entailed in the process of setting up residential and industrial Mega-Projects. In Chennai (capital of Tamil Nadu, India), the regional government has been promoting Economic Development Corridors, which, for over two decades, have been transforming hectares of private agricultural lands, public lands and even entire villages. Although research on public policies, foreign private investment or land conflicts is well documented, little attention has been paid to the upstream mechanisms, the multiplicity of negotiations and the historical context in which those projects develop. By studying the interaction between villages and projects and the social and spatial local transformation taking place, this work presents a new perspective : how do local actors appropriate those vectors of growth to strengthen and defend their social position? Using ethnographic methodology, we describe and examine the meaning of land and land acquisition practices in order to bring to light the "micro-logics": fragile and uncertain processes in which actors implement non-linear and flexible strategies. This approach allows highlighting the paradoxes inherent in the process of project concretisation and which result from power relationships and compromises. In addition, it allows to unpack "land innovations processes" which emerge from legal norms, the interplay of political forces, beliefs and social roles

The diploma thesis analyzes the development of agricultural land prices examines the development of agricultural land in the Hodonín district in 2015-2018. Three databases of comparative samples are created for the thesis - according to the source (realized sales, execution sales and offer sales), which are subsequently analyzed and examined. The result is our own findings and conclusions, including the price index, which are compared and confronted with public aggregated data.

The thesis is focused on the assessment and comparison of land prices which are connected to the construction of roads, before and during the redemption. Based on gained results was made the average evaluation of land. The price difference stems from the fact that before the redemption was a mostly agricultural land and during the redemption was already building land. This is due the construction which to be built on it and also the costs of readiness of the land

Thesis is concerned with relation of usable energy and space as it's widely spread source. For this purpose are introduced not only a few indicators suitable to energy management description, but also principles of environmental assessment thinking are expained, as these help to distinguish the really sustainable ways of deriving energy from space. As examples of energy-from-space extraction are introduced photovoltaics, liquid biofuels and fast growing energy plants. After a brief entry to heat supply problematics, focus is remains on a simple case study: quantifying relationship between local heat demand and local potential production of solid biomass from short rotation coppice. This so far rather hypothetic relation is examined at the municipal level, while Central and South Bohemia regions are the target area. Soil characteristics and population census data (2001) about residental habitats are used.

Food provision in times of environmental and social crises has become a hot topic over recent years. The covid-19 pandemic and the Russian war on Ukraine have led to a re-evaluation of Swedish food preparedness. One proposed way of addressing food preparedness is to increase the resilience of the food system, so that it is better able to withstand disturbances. Additionally, one way of increasing food preparedness can be by increasing domestic production and reduce the dependency on imported food and fertilisers. Swedish municipalities have the power to decide to build on or protect agricultural land. Additionally, Swedish municipalities are responsible for providing food to schools, hospitals and care facilities even during crises. Hence, the aim of this study is to investigate how Swedish municipalities are working with food preparedness and protection of agricultural land through policies, plans and in practice. Case studies were conducted on Haninge and Heby municipalities through text analysis of governing documents and semi-structured qualitative interviews with municipality officials. Neither municipalities have policies in place for food preparedness nor protection of agricultural land. However, some efforts are being made in terms of food preparedness in public meals and encouraging locally produced food through procurement. Furthermore, limited practices outside of procurement and meal service could be identified, but some interesting ideas and potential innovative practices were mentioned in the interviews. Building housing or providing jobs within the municipality was prioritised over protecting agricultural land in certain cases. The results from the case study were analysed from a resilience thinking perspective, using the seven principles of resilience defined by Biggs et al. (2012). Resilience was not explicitly mentioned in the reviewed documents nor in interviews. However, some resilience thinking and practices were displayed by some of the officials during the interviews in terms of collaborations and connectivity, the encouragement of a diversity of actors at different scales and the enablement of participation and learning. As the municipalities are in the early stages of addressing food preparedness, they have the opportunity to include resilience thinking in the shaping of their governance and management policies. Ideally the inclusion of resilience thinking could aid in creating municipal food systems that are resilient to disturbances and sustainable in the long term. / Livsmedelsförsörjning i tider av miljömässiga och sociala kriser har blivit ett hett ämne under de senaste åren. Covid-19-pandemin och det ryska kriget mot Ukraina har lett till en omvärdering av den svenska livsmedelsberedskapen. Ett föreslaget sätt att hantera livsmedelsberedskap är att öka livsmedelssystemets resiliens, så att det bättre kan motstå störningar. Vidare kan ett sätt att öka livsmedelsberedskapen vara att öka den inhemska produktionen och minska beroendet av importerade livsmedel och gödningsmedel. Svenska kommuner har befogenhet att besluta om att bygga på eller skydda jordbruksmark. Dessutom är svenska kommuner ansvariga för att tillhandahålla mat till skolor, sjukhus och vårdinrättningar även under kriser. Syftet med denna studie är därför att undersöka hur svenska kommuner arbetar med livsmedelsberedskap och skydd av jordbruksmark genom policyer, planer och i praktiken. Fallstudier genomfördes på Haninge och Heby kommuner genom textanalys av styrdokument och semistrukturerade kvalitativa intervjuer med kommuntjänstemän. Ingen av kommunerna har någon policy för livsmedelsberedskap eller skydd av jordbruksmark. Vissa ansträngningar görs dock när det gäller livsmedelsberedskap i offentliga måltider och uppmuntran av lokalt producerade livsmedel genom upphandling. Dessutom kunde begränsade metoder utanför upphandling och måltidsservice identifieras, men några intressanta idéer och potentiella innovativa metoder nämndes i intervjuerna. Att bygga bostäder eller skapa arbetstillfällen inom kommunen prioriterades i vissa fall framför att skydda jordbruksmark. Resultaten från fallstudien analyserades utifrån ett resiliensperspektiv, med hjälp av de sju principerna för resiliens som definierats av Biggs et al (2012). Resiliens nämndes inte explicit i de granskade dokumenten eller i intervjuerna. Några av tjänstemännen visade dock prov på resilienstänk och -metoder under intervjuerna när det gäller samarbete och anslutningsmöjligheter, uppmuntran av en mångfald av aktörer på olika nivåer och möjliggörande av deltagande och lärande. Eftersom kommunerna befinner sig i ett tidigt skede av att ta itu med livsmedelsberedskap har de möjlighet att inkludera resilienstänk i utformningen av sina styrnings- och förvaltningspolicyer. I bästa fall kan införandet av resilienstänk bidra till att skapa kommunala livsmedelssystem som är motståndskraftiga mot störningar och hållbara på lång sikt.

Bevarandet av jordbruksmark i stadsnära lägen har under en längre tid, inom den fysiska planeringen, bortprioriteras. Omständigheter som pandemi, krig och klimatförändringar har gjort att frågor som berör jordbruksmark återigen har lyfts upp till ytan. Syftet med denna uppsats är därför att, utifrån en rådande samhällsutveckling, bidra med en ökad förståelse för vilka drivkrafter som ligger till grund för markanvändningsförändringar på jordbruksmark i Linköpings kommun. Detta eftersom jordbruksmark som tas i anspråk för bebyggelse och exploatering kan ses som problematisk ur både ett nationellt och internationellt livsmedelsförsörjningsperspektiv. Studiens empiri samlades in genom  kvalitativa intervjuer och analyserades sedan med hjälp av teori rörande drivkrafter och markanvändningsförändringar och tematisk analys. Resultatet av vår uppsats, med förankring i tidigare forskning, påvisar en problematik i hur jordbruksmark idag hanteras inom den fysiska planeringen. Detta eftersom ett flertal olika faktorer pekar på brister när det kommer till ansvar och förvaltande av jordbruksmark. / The preservation of agricultural land in locations close to the city has for a long time been de-prioritized in physical planning. Circumstances such as pandemic, war and climate change have meant that issues affecting agricultural land have once again been raised to the surface. The purpose of this study is therefore to, based on a contemporary context, contribute to an increased understanding of the driving forces underlying land use changes on agricultural land in Linköping municipality. This is because agricultural land that is used for development and exploitation can be seen as problematic from both a national and international food supply perspective. The study's empirical evidence was collected through qualitative interviews and then analyzed using theory regarding driving forces and land use changes and thematic analysis. The result of our essay, based on previous research, demonstrates a problem in how agricultural land is managed today within physical planning. This is because a number of different factors point to shortcomings when it comes to responsibility and management of agricultural land.

No Abstract Provided / Thesis / Bachelor of Arts (BA)

Både globalt och här i Sverige så sker en befolkningsökning och enurbanisering som resulterar i att städer behöver utvecklas och bli större. Föratt kunna bygga bostäder och infrastruktur behöver mark tas i anspråk som idagsläget används för något annat. I dagsläget så är det mycket jordbruksmarksom ligger i anslutning till tätorter som blir exploaterad. Men för att klara avden livsmedelsproduktion som krävs så finns det även ett behov av att behållajordbruksmarker för det ändamålet. Dessa allmänna intressen ställs motvarandra och det är i kommunernas fysiska planering avvägningar ska ske ochdet är lagstiftningen som ligger till grund för att dessa avvägningar sker på etthållbart sätt för dagens behov men även för en hållbar framtid. Syftet med arbetet var att undersöka om det finns en problematik ochsvårigheter att göra dessa avvägningar för en hållbar framtid samt om rådandelagstiftning är relevant för att säkerställa en ändamålsenlig markanvändning närefterfrågan på mark för såväl bebyggelse som jordbruksmark förväntas öka. För att besvara studiens frågeställning genomfördes både kvantitativa ochkvalitativa metoder i form en enkätstudie och en intervjustudie. Enkätstudienskickades ut till alla kommuner i Sverige för att få svar på om det ser enproblematik inom ämnet och hur de ställer sig till den isåfall. I resultatet kanman se att många kommuner ser att det finns en problematik i att göra dessaavvägningar. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med sexrespondenter från kommun, Länsstyrelse, Lantmäteriet och Jordbruksverketför att få en bredd och olika synvinkel på frågeställningen. I resultatet kan manse att det finns en problematik när det gäller att prioritera mellan att behållajordbruksmark och att exploatera den och att det skapar intressekonflikter.Det var även tydligt att någon form av ändring i lagstiftningen eller nyariktlinjer behövs för att säkerställa behovet av såväl jordbruksmark sombostadsbebyggelse. / Both globally and here in Sweden, there is a population increase andurbanization, resulting in the need for cities to develop and expand. In orderto build housing and infrastructure, land needs to be used, which is currentlybeing used for something else. Currently, a lot of agricultural land locatednear urban areas is being exploited. The need to preserve agricultural land forfood production is also important for meeting the demand for food. Thesepublic interests are weighed against each other, and it is the responsibility ofmunicipalities to make sustainable decisions in their physical planning, basedon legislation, for both present needs and a sustainable future.  The purpose of this study was to examine the difficulties in making thesedecisions for a sustainable future and whether current legislation is relevant inensuring appropriate land use when demand for both residential andagricultural land is expected to increase.  Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used, including a survey sentto all municipalities in Sweden to determine if there is a problem and howthey approach it. The results show that many municipalities face difficulties inmaking these decisions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with sixrespondents from municipalities, County Administrative Boards, the NationalLand Survey of Sweden, and the Swedish Board of Agriculture to gain abroader perspective on the issue. The results show that there is a challenge inprioritizing between preserving agricultural land and exploiting it, leading toconflicts of interest. It was also evident that changes to legislation or newguidelines are needed to ensure the preservation of agricultural land andhousing supply.