Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / Este trabalho se propõe analisar a construção da obra de Alexandre Herculano como historiador, que teve início com a publicação de inúmeros artigos no jornal O Panorama e na Revista Universal Lisbonense. Nesses textos, procuramos perceber as reflexões iniciais que levaram a um projeto de maior fôlego intelectual, a História de Portugal, publicada em um momento de emergência das nacionalidades e da formação das consciências nacionais. Nesse sentido, procuramos perceber como Herculano concebeu a sua história analisando sua trajetória como historiador/político em meio às graduais transformações sociais que ocorriam em Portugal à sua época. Assim, propusemo-nos pensar o Alexandre Herculano político em constante diálogo com a conjuntura daquele período, tendo como referência a sua atuação social e a sua intervenção textual no processo então em curso. / This research proposes to analyze the construction of the work of Alexandre Herculano as a historian, which began with the publication of several articles in the journal O Panorama and in the Revista Universal Lisbonense. In these texts, we sought to detect the initial thoughts that led to a project with greater intellectual , the História de Portugal, published in a moment of emergence of the nationalities and formation of the national consciousness. In this sense, we aimed to understand how Herculano conceived his history by analyzing his trajectory as a historian/politician in the midst of the gradual social transformations taking place in Portugal at the time. This way, we proposed to think the politician Alexandre Herculano in constant dialog with the conjuncture of the period, having as references his social action and textual intervention in the process then under way.

Alexandre Herculano é considerado um dos introdutores e um dos maiores expoentes do Romantismo em Portugal. Sua obra, fragmentada por produções jornalísticas, literárias e historiográficas, e demonstrando uma grande unidade, soube aliar uma ampla tradição de investigação sobre os problemas políticos, sociais e culturais de seu país. Seu trabalho é ainda pontuado por uma nascente reflexão romântica e liberal sobre o conhecimento histórico. Um dos maiores exemplos de sua literatura e da unidade temática representada pela sua obra é o romance histórico Eurico, O Presbítero, analisado no presente trabalho / Alexandre Herculano is considered one of the introducers and one of the best illustrions representatives of Romanticism in Portugal. His work, fragmented by jornalistic, literary and historiographic productions, demonstrates a great unit, able to join a large investigation tradition about political, social and cultural problems from his country. Moreover, his work has one increasing romantic and liberal reflection about the historic knowledgement. One of major illustrions examples of his literature which represents the unit theme is the historic novel Eurico, O Presbítero (Eurico, the Priest), analysed on the present work.

Empreendendo uma análise sobre a história da inserção social das atividades do designer no universo cultural brasileiro de meados do século XX, procuro iluminar algumas das particularidades que vieram a marcar essa trajetória. Partindo de uma apreciação breve de seus rudimentos e precedentes históricos oriundos de contextos internacionais diversos àqueles do período privilegiado em âmbito local, procuro também traçar os contornos das condições que favoreceram a inclusão do design nas linguagens modernas que vicejavam neste segundo momento mais cosmopolita do modernismo, ainda que à sombra das conquistas da arquitetura. E, finalmente, ao enfocar a perspectiva analítica em dois de seus maiores expoentes, Alexandre Wollner e Aloísio Magalhães, e delinear seus percursos de êxito na profissão desde aquela época, pretendo ressaltar algumas das vicissitudes seminais que vieram a caracterizar a frágil consolidação do design no ambiente cultural e profissional brasileiro até os dias atuais. / Undertaking an analysis on the history of the social insertion of the activities related to the designer in the Brasilian cultural universe in the middle of the 20th Century, I aim at illuminating some of the particularitis that came to mark this trajectory. Starting from a brief appraisal of its rudiments and historical precedents originary from international contexts distinct from the one of the priviliged period in local scope, I also try to trace the contours of the conditions thata favoured the inclusion of eisgn among the modern languages that flourished in that second more cosmopolitan moment of Brasilian modernism, even if still under the shadow of Architectures achievements. And, finally, by focussing the analytical perspective on two of its exponents, Alexandre Wollner and Aloísio Magalhães, and delineating their successful professional trajectories since the timeframe considered, I aim at outlining some of the vicissitudes that came to characterise the frail consolidation of Design in the Brasilian cultural and professional environments throughout the rest of the century and until the present days.

Le texte des Problèmes Éthiques d'Alexandre d'Aphrodise n'est pas reconnu comme un texte capital de l'ensemble de son œuvre. Son attribution est contestée et son édition est fautive. Il apparaît cependant que ce texte a été négligé alors même qu'il constitue un apport important pour l'éthique aristotélicienne des premiers siècles de notre ère. Sa dimension polémique avec le stoïcisme et ses liens fondamentaux avec le De fato d'Alexandre d'Aphrodise ont souvent été occultés par les commentateurs modernes. En effet, la lecture attentive des Problèmes éthiques rend saillante une structure restée jusque là ignorée par les exégètes modernes, structure qui s'articule autour d'une démonstration de la présence d'un impératif éthique en concurrence avec le déterminisme dans l'explication de l'action humaine. Il naît de cette confrontation un concept de responsabilité hérité des thèses éthiques aristotéliciennes, mais renforcé par la mise à l'épreuve proposée par le stoïcisme. Les Problèmes Éthiques présentent ainsi une structure argumentative, qui rapproche ce texte du De fato par son interaction avec les Stoïciens sur la question du destin et de la responsabilité morale. À travers cette confrontation philosophique présente dans les Problèmes Éthiques, nous découvrirons l'élaboration d'une responsabilité morale aristotélicienne qui répond au déterminisme stoïcien. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Alexandre d'Aphrodise, aristotélisme, éthique, Éthique à Nicomaque, Problèmes Éthiques, responsabilité, Stoïciens, Stoïcisme.

Thèse (Ph. D.)--Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2003. / Bibliogr.: f. 334-358.

La thèse examine les idées du socialisme réformiste en France et leur formation de 1871 à la Première Guerre mondiale. Il s'agit d'abord établir le socle idéologique des socialistes français après la Commune. L'idée majeure est celle d'une opposition à la société bourgeoise économique avec le collectivisme, sociale avec la lutte des classes, et politique avec la conquête des pouvoirs publics. Les débats sur ces trois idées entraîne la fondation d'un parti ouvrier en 1879, puis des scissions. En 1882, le parti possibiliste reprend le débat, et fait de la réforme le principe à partir duquel la société doit être bouleversée, légitimant la participation électorale et l'action municipale. La Revue socialiste approfondit la réflexion sur le socialisme et les réformes, synthétisée par Benoît Malon dans le "socialisme intégral" La crise boulangiste en 1887-1889 modifie cette configuration, en amenant une partie des socialistes à soutenir la République.Entre 1893 et la fin du siècle, le réformisme, dans un contexte renouvelé, est porté par Alexandre Millerand qui fédère les socialistes et fonde l'unité sur les principes réformistes. Cette tentative n'aboutit pas, mais elle permet à Millerand de formuler les principes fondant son action au Ministère du Commerce entre 1899 et 1902. Cette participation ministérielle ouvre un débat violent dans le socialisme français. Finalement, c'est l'Internationale qui amène l'unité en 1905, aboutissement qui condamne politiquement le réformisme. Celui-ci survit, malgré tout, sous la forme d'une tradition portée dans la Revue socialiste. Elle est finalement reprise en 1910, par Albert Thomas. Le réformisme devient alors une tendance au sein de la SFIO. / This disseration aims at analysing the ideas of reformist socialism in France. At first, it was necessary to define the intellectual grounds on which French socialists could organise their action, after the Commune. Their main idea was the radical opposition towards the bourgeois society, and three main elements were conceptualised: an economic element, first, with collectivism, a social element, then, with class struggle, and a political element, with the fight for power. Debating these three items was a long process, and it finally explained the foundation of the first socialist party in France, in 1879, and its divisions. In 1882, the parti ouvrier developped the previous ideas, and the reform was defined as a principle by which socialism could overthrow the bourgeois society from within. At the same time, the Revue Socialiste deepened its reflection on reforms, and Benoît Malon gave a synthesis of his conception in "Socialisme intégral". The boulangist crisis in 1887-1889 modified this configuration, by forcing these socialits to support the Republic. Between 1893 and the end of the century, reformism was led by Alexandre Millerand, who gathered socialists under one progrem defined in 1896. This attempt was a failure, but it contributed to define the main features of Millerand's action as a Minister of Trade between 1899 and 1902. This participation to the government opened a violent debate among French socialism, At last, the International ordered the unification of French socialists in 1905, and it seemed to be the political condemnation of reformism. But this trend did subsist in the Revue socialiste, as an intellectual tradition, used after 1910 by Albert Thomas.

Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / Este trabalho se propõe analisar a construção da obra de Alexandre Herculano como historiador, que teve início com a publicação de inúmeros artigos no jornal O Panorama e na Revista Universal Lisbonense. Nesses textos, procuramos perceber as reflexões iniciais que levaram a um projeto de maior fôlego intelectual, a História de Portugal, publicada em um momento de emergência das nacionalidades e da formação das consciências nacionais. Nesse sentido, procuramos perceber como Herculano concebeu a sua história analisando sua trajetória como historiador/político em meio às graduais transformações sociais que ocorriam em Portugal à sua época. Assim, propusemo-nos pensar o Alexandre Herculano político em constante diálogo com a conjuntura daquele período, tendo como referência a sua atuação social e a sua intervenção textual no processo então em curso. / This research proposes to analyze the construction of the work of Alexandre Herculano as a historian, which began with the publication of several articles in the journal O Panorama and in the Revista Universal Lisbonense. In these texts, we sought to detect the initial thoughts that led to a project with greater intellectual , the História de Portugal, published in a moment of emergence of the nationalities and formation of the national consciousness. In this sense, we aimed to understand how Herculano conceived his history by analyzing his trajectory as a historian/politician in the midst of the gradual social transformations taking place in Portugal at the time. This way, we proposed to think the politician Alexandre Herculano in constant dialog with the conjuncture of the period, having as references his social action and textual intervention in the process then under way.

Submitted by Irene Nascimento (irene.kessia@ufpe.br) on 2016-07-18T17:02:33Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) dissALCS.pdf: 4351696 bytes, checksum: d3ab158b6c41f3904ec4d1ac454232f2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-18T17:02:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) dissALCS.pdf: 4351696 bytes, checksum: d3ab158b6c41f3904ec4d1ac454232f2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-25 / Intervenções realizadas no Sítio Arqueológico Pedra do Alexandre resultaram na exumação de vestígios ósseos pertencentes a pelo menos 36 indivíduos humanos. Datações radiocarbônicas de carvões vegetais associados forneceram dados para o estabelecimento de uma cronologia de ocupação do sítio entre 9400 e 2620 anos antes do presente, ainda que possivelmente não contínua. No entanto, tentativas de se datar diretamente os indivíduos mostraram-se infrutíferas devido às perdas de colágeno provocadas por processos diagenéticos. A partir desta constatação deu-se início à investigação para saber o que ocasionou tais processos ao mesmo tempo em que foi experimentada a datação direta de um dos indivíduos mediante emprego da espectroscopia de RPE. Com a realização de espectroscopias no infravermelho e difrações de raio-x em amostras ósseas dos indivíduos foi possível constatar que todas apresentavam extensa perda de colágeno. Medições do pH de sedimentos associados levaram a concluir que o principal causador destas perdas teria sido uma intensa atividade microbiana no sedimento e não a ocorrência de hidrólises ácidas, como era pensado inicialmente. O experimento de datação foi realizado com dificuldade devido à pequena dose de radiação na amostra, o que indicaria a pouca idade da mesma, provavelmente posicionada na metade mais recente do intervalo cronológico já estabelecido para a ocupação do Sítio. A partir destas análises amostrais é possível concluir que todo o conjunto de vestígios ósseos do referido sítio deve ter sido diageneticamente alterado. A espectroscopia de RPE por sua vez mostra-se capaz de datar plenamente dentes provenientes dos indivíduos exumados / Archaeological interventions conducted in the Pedra do Alexandre Archaeological Site resulted in the exhumation of skeletal remains of at least 36 human individuals. Radiocarbon dating of associated charcoals provided data for the establishment of a site occupation chronology between 9400 and 2620 years before present, although possibly not continuous. However, attempts to direct date the individuals proved fruitless due to the loss of collagen caused by diagenetic processes. From that finding, this research was initiated to know what caused these processes at the same time that was tried the direct dating of one individual using EPR spectroscopy. Infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction conducted on bone samples from the individual made it possible to calculate determined diagenetic indices that showed extensive loss of collagen in all the samples. pH measurements in associated sediments indicated the conclusion that the main cause of these losses would have been an intense microbial activity in these sediments, and not the acidic hydrolysis as initially thought. The dating experiment was carried out with difficulty due to the small dose of radiation in the sample, which would indicate the recent age of the tooth, probably posiotioned in the most recent half of the chronological range already established for the occupation of the site. From these sample analysis we conclude that the entire set of skeletal remains of the said site must have been diagenetically altered. The EPR spectroscopy in turn proves to be able to fully date teeth from the exhumed individuals.

A tese faz uma leitura da obra Mes mémoires de Alexandre Dumas a partir da visão de Georges Gusdorf sobre as escrituras do eu. A pesquisa parte da hipótese de que mesmo sendo uma obra memorialística mescla interesses e técnicas utilizadas por Dumas em outras obras. No início, as idéias de Philippe Lejeune e de Georges Gusdorf são apresentadas, e o conceito de memória esboçado. Devido à profunda ligação entre memória e História, analisou-se as mudanças ocorridas no início do século XIX na historiografia e literatura francesas, influenciadas por Walter Scott e como Dumas as assimilou em sua obra. Depois, procura discernir quais foram os recursos narrativos empregados para a construção da obra, os temas recorrentes e as técnicas vindas de outros gêneros praticados pelo autor. Discute a imagem que o autor deseja fixar para si e para a sua geração. No final, apresenta-se uma biografia de Victor Hugo que, como outras, foi inserida nessa obra multifacetada de Dumas. Conclui-se que em Mes mémoires Alexandre Dumas narra a sua trajetória harmonizando interesses e características já presentes em outras obras, movido pelo desejo de eternizar em suas memórias a memória da França de seu tempo. / The thesis revises the book Mes mémoires, written by Alexander Dumas, adopting Georges Gusdorf\'s vision of the writes of the self. The research assumes the initial premise that, even being a memory book, it brings together interests and techniques used by Dumas in other works. At the beginning, the ideas of Philippe Lejeune and Georges Gusdorf are presented and the concept of memory is explained. Because of the deep linking between memory and History, the changes occurred in French historiography and literature during the beginning of century XIX, influenced by Walter Scott and assimilated by Dumas, are studied. Further, it seeks to understand the narrative resources used to build the memories, the recurrent issues and the techniques that the author rescued from previous writes. It also analyses the image that Dumas desires to fix for himself and for his generation. Finally, the thesis presents a biography of Victor Hugo that, as others, was included in this multifaceted work of Dumas. The conclusion is that Mes mémoires of Alexander Dumas tells its trajectory putting together interests and characteristics already presents in his complete works, moved by the desire to eternize in his memories the Memories of France and of his time.

Le mot prince au XIXème siècle correspond à un titre, une fonction, un état ou une façon de vivre. Alexandre Dumas, comme bien d’autres auteurs avant lui, va construire ses œuvres (La trilogie des Trois Mousquetaires, La Reine Margot, Le Comte de Monte-Cristo) autour de cette thématique. Mais son prince aura quelques originalités. La première partie de ce travail de recherches présente ce prince par nature, son aspect physique, sa grande voix de commandeur, et son regard pénétrant. Le prince a un physique impressionnant. Soit il est très beau, soit très fort, soit il a beaucoup de charme, soit il a cette aura qui fait de lui un homme exceptionnel, soit il a et il est cela à la fois. Son caractère est celui d’un grand homme : force morale et/ou spirituelle, volonté et audace, travailleur, rusé et stratège, mémoire et connaissance, réserve et mystère, dissimulation, fierté et hauteur, perspicacité ou clairvoyance, bonté, renaissance et métamorphose, baraka. La deuxième partie définit le gouvernement du prince, c’est-à-dire son pouvoir, le pouvoir de la princesse, et les rapports entre prince et princesse. La troisième partie définit le prince-héros. Il s’agit de préciser l’état du prince de Dumas dans l’histoire et l’Histoire, de signaler son besoin de l’Autre, de définir clairement le contexte littéraire : romantisme, réalisme, baroque et classicisme, et de dire précisément quel est l’apport personnel de Dumas dans la définition du prince et quels sont les éléments qui se retrouvent chez son prince. C’est un prince qui aura vécu dans les temps baroque, classique et romantique, qui aura toutes ces caractéristiques et qui ressemblera aussi au créateur du mythe de d’Artagnan. La figure du prince de Dumas, c’est celle du héros princier, c’est celle de celui qui fait l’Histoire, c’est celle de celui qui a l’essence divine ; c’est celle du Christ. / The word prince on the XIXth century means rank, a fonction, a state or a way of life. Alexandre Dumas, like many other writers before him, will build his novels (Les Trois Mousquetaires, Vingt ans après, Le Vicomte de Bragelonne, La Reine Margot, Le Comte de Monte-Cristo) around this subject. But his prince will have some specificities. The first part of this work of research presents this prince by nature, his look, his big voice, commander voice, and his deep stare. Prince has an amazing body. Either he is handsome, or very strong, or charming, or he’s got this aura which makes him exceptional, or he is all that. His nature is the nature of a bigman : moral strength and/or spiritual, will and daring, worker, crafty aud strategist, memory and knowledge, reservation and mystery, concealment, pride and haughtiness, shrewdness or clearsightedness, kindness, rebirth and metamorphosis, baraka. The second part defines prince’s gouverment, that means his power, princess power, and prince and princess relationships. The third part definies the prince-hero. We specify the state of Dumas’ prince in the history and the History, we signal his need of the Other, we define clearly the literary context : romanticism, realism, baroque, classicism, and we say precisely what is personnal Dumas contibution on prince definition and what elements be found again in his prince. This prince has lived during baroque, classic and romantic times. This prince will have all these characteristics and will look like d’Artagnan myth creator. Dumas’ prince figure is the one of prince-hero, the one of the man who makes History, the one of the man who has divin essence, the one of the Christ.