LEGAL REGULATION OF ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENT FUNDS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC ABSTRACT The purpose of my thesis is to analyze the impact of the recently adopted groundbreaking European regulation of alternative investment funds into the Czech legal environment of collective investments. The respective chapters provide an analysis of the most important aspects of regulation of alternative investment funds, which I consider as crucial for collective investment undertakings and its (even only potential) investors. In a large portion of the thesis I focus on the definition of alternative investment funds to clarify the possible modes of operation and distinguish them from their earlier regulated standard counterparts. In the first of eight chapters I introduce this topic in the historical context, which provides a brief excursion into the progress of regulation of collective investment at the European and Czech level, and further explain the reasons which led to creation of a unified regulation for collective investment business. The second chapter describes the current regulatory framework in accordance with the European regulation, based primarily on the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive (AIFMD) and its subsequent transposition into the Czech Act on Investment Companies and Investment Funds (ICIFA)....

Submitted by Romain Martignier (rmartignier@gmail.com) on 2015-09-27T19:41:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MPGI Master Thesis Romain Martignier .pdf: 1548641 bytes, checksum: 62bdf53acc0159976d2f937eb2a5e4b4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luana Rodrigues (luana.rodrigues@fgv.br) on 2015-09-28T09:59:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MPGI Master Thesis Romain Martignier .pdf: 1548641 bytes, checksum: 62bdf53acc0159976d2f937eb2a5e4b4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-28T12:54:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MPGI Master Thesis Romain Martignier .pdf: 1548641 bytes, checksum: 62bdf53acc0159976d2f937eb2a5e4b4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-22 / The recent global financial crisis brought significant regulatory changes in the worldwide financial industry. In Europe and in the alternative asset sector specifically, a new regulation by the name of Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive saw the daylight in 2010. This far-reaching and complex Directive with the main goal of regulating and overseeing alternative investment funds has triggered many discussions and represents an industry game-changer. Thus, this research will focus on the impact and consequences of the Directive on private equity fund managers and the role of regulators. In other words, what are the effects, what does that mean in a quantitative and qualitative sense, and how is it likely to influence the outlook of this asset class? In order to provide the reader with an extensive view on the topic, the paper will first discuss relevant theory and literature, using mix-methods and legal-dogmatic approaches. Further, descriptive case studies, analysis of existing surveys, and interviews with industry experts will supplement the paper in order to understand primary implications of the Directive with the goal of providing useful insights for further private equity regulation research. / A recente crise financeira global trouxe mudanças regulatórias significativas no setor financeiro em todo o mundo. Na Europa e no setor de ativos alternativos especificamente, um novo regulamento com o nome de Directiva Gestores de Fundos de Investimento Alternativos viu a luz do dia em 2010. Este abrangente e complexa directiva, com o principal objetivo de regulamentar e fiscalizar os fundos de investimento alternativos provocou muitas discussões. Assim, esta pesquisa vai se concentrar sobre o impacto e as consequências da directiva relativa aos gestores de fundos de private equity e o papel dos reguladores. Em outras palavras, quais são os efeitos, o que isso significa em um sentido quantitativo e qualitativo, e como ele é susceptível de influenciar as perspectivas de esta classe de activos? A fim de fornecer ao leitor uma ampla visão sobre o tema, o papel vai primeiro discutir teoria e literatura relevante, usando mixmétodos e abordagens jurídico-dogmático. Além disso, estudos descritivos de caso, análise de inquéritos existentes e entrevistas com especialistas da indústria irá complementar o papel de forma a compreender as implicações principais da directiva com o objetivo de fornecer informações úteis para pesquisas futuras private equity regulamento.

The purpose of this diploma thesis is to comprehensively describe the legal regulation of alternative investment funds in the Czech Republic. The diploma thesis is divided into seven parts. The first part deals with the definition of alternative investment funds. The aim of this section is to explain the EU legislation (acceptance and implementation of AIFMD). This part is continuously followed by the second part, which covers the current legislation of the Czech Republic. A part of this section is also a detailed description of the material scope of the Act on Investment Companies and Investment Funds. The third part is devoted to selected legal forms of alternative investment funds according to ZISIF. These are primarily a unit trust, a trust fund, a limited partnership for investment certificates (SICAR) and a joint-stock company with variable capital. The fourth part contains the definition of individual entities ensuring selected activities of the fund. In this section, a description of the person of a manager, administrator, depositary or a main sponsor is available, including a list of binding rules concerning their activities. An integral part of these chapters is also the definition of the position of individual subjects in relation to each other, i.e. the scope of their rights and...

Målet med denna rapport är att undersöka vad bolånefonder är, och hur de skiljer sig mot säkerställda obligationer. Avgränsningar görs till att endast ta upp svenska aktörer, och framförallt bostadskreditinstitutet Stabelo. Arbetet baseras på en kvalitativ metod där skillnader i säkerhet för bolånen, finansieringsstruktur, risk, avkastning samt tillsyn, kapitalkrav och riskhantering analyseras genom att bland annat studera bankers och bostadskreditinstitutet Stabelos belåningsgrad och avkastningskurvor. Skillnaderna mellan de två finansieringsformerna är, sett till vad de åstadkommer, inte stora. En slutsats är däremot att det finns en väsentlig skillnad i hur finansieringssätten är strukturerade, och att denna skillnad kan attrahera olika investerare. / The goal with this bachelor thesis is to examine what an alternative investment fund is, and how it differs from covered bonds. The report is limited to only covering Swedish market participants, and therein especially the alternative investment fund by Stabelo. The report takes a qualitative approach, where differences in financing structure, risk, yield as well as governance, capital requirement and risk management are being analysed, through studying the yield and underlying loan-to-value of banks and Stabelo. The differences between the two forms of financing, in the perspective of what they accomplish, are not immense. However, a major conclusion is that the difference lies in the way they are structured, and that this difference might suits different investors.

Les hedge funds sont devenus des acteurs incontournables des marchés financiers et, pourtant, ils demeurent toujours inconnus ou «mal connus» à la fois par le grand public, les régulateurs et les juristes. À l’heure du bilan de la directive AIFM qui avait pour ambition de proposer une réglementation ambitieuse de l’industrie des hedge funds au sein de l’Union européenne, il convient de revenir sur ces entités dont l’histoire, les stratégies, le statut juridique, les caractéristiques et le régime juridique demeurent, encore, flous. La thèse vise à proposer une définition et un portrait-robot précis des hedge funds via leur identification par leurs caractéristiques, qu’elles soient propres ou empruntées à d’autres entités. Un hedge fund n’est pas un fonds de gestion collective ni une forme juridique à part entière. Un hedge fund peut revêtir tout type de forme sociale et sera communément considéré comme tel dès lors que l’entité s’emploiera à adopter certaines stratégies d’investissement et disposera d’une structure de rémunération et organisationnelle particulière. Ces dernières sont des indices permettant la caractérisation d’un hedge fund dont la nature juridique est quasi-exclusivement celle d’un fonds.Le hedge fund en tant que fonds est, selon le droit français, dépourvu, à tort, de la personnalité juridique alors même qu’il dispose de tous les attributs juridiques nécessaires à une telle reconnaissance. La présente étude démontre que le législateur français a ôté la personnalité juridique à la forme sociale originelle du hedge fund en droit français alors que les arguments en faveur de cette reconnaissance étaient plus convaincants. Un hedge fund en tant que fonds s’apparente davantage à une société hybride qu’à un numéro de compte. Cette théorie s’appuie principalement sur l’argument selon lequel il existe une personnalité morale embryonnaire où la personnalité juridique serait graduelle selon l’entité concernée. / Hedge funds have become key players in financial markets and are still unknown or « poorly known » by the general public, regulators and lawyers. At the time of the review of the AIFM directive which aimed to propose an ambitious regulation of the hedge fund industry within the European Union, it is necessary to return to these entities whose history, strategies, legal status, characteristics and legal regime remain, still, unclear. The thesis aims to propose a definition and an accurate robot portrait of hedge funds through their identification by their characteristics. These characteristics are both specific to hedge funds and borrowed from other entities. A hedge fund is not a collective fund or a legal form in its own right. A hedge fund can take any legal form and will be commonly considered as such when the entity strives to adopt certain investment strategies and will have a particular compensation and organizational structure. These characters are clues allowing the characterization of a hedge fund whose legal nature is almost exclusively that of a fund. However, the hedge fund as a fund is, under French law, wrongly deprived of legal personality even though it has all the legal attributes necessary for such recognition. The present study demonstrates that the French legislature removed the legal personality from the original social form of the hedge fund in French law while the arguments in favor of this recognition were more convincing. A hedge fund as a fund is more like a hybrid company than an account number. This theory is based mainly on the argument that there is a cohabiting legal personality where the legal personality is gradual depending on the entity concerned.