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The history of the Pietersburg [Polokwane] Jewish communityWiener, Charlotte 30 November 2006 (has links)
Jews were present in Pietersburg [Polokwane] from the time of its establishment in 1868. They came from Lithuania, England and Germany. They were attracted by the discovery of gold, land and work opportunities. The first Jewish cemetery was established on land granted by President Paul Kruger in 1895. The Zoutpansberg Hebrew Congregation, which included Pietersburg and Louis Trichardt was established around 1897. In 1912, Pietersburg founded its own congregation, the Pietersburg Hebrew Congregation. A Jewish burial society, a benevolent society and the Pietersburg-Zoutpansberg Zionist Society was formed. A communal hall was built in 1921 and a synagogue in 1953. Jews contributed to the development of Pietersburg and held high office. There was little anti-Semitism. From the 1960s, Jews began moving to the cities. The communal hall and minister's house were sold in 1994 and the synagogue in 2003. Only the Jewish cemetery remains in Pietersburg. / Religious Studies and Arabic / M.A. (Judaica)
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Twentieth century images of the Zulu : selected representations in historical and political discourseLeech, Stephen Michael 11 1900 (has links)
his dissertation examines representations of the Zulu in a variety of discourses. It also examines the role of black nationalisms in the construction of Zuluist discourse. The production of images of the Zulu began with the first Anglo-Zulu encounter in the nineteenth century. In 1879, the Anglo-Zulu War set a trend for image-making which was developed further in the twentieth century. The appearance of The Washing of the Spears and Zulu, initiated a chapter in the study of the Zulu which gave rise to publications that created startling mages of the Zulu. Despite
the publication of the James Stuart Archive, as well as serious studies of the Zulu, authors continued to use the same popular interpretations of the Zulu. During the early twentieth century, the 'native question' dominated South African politics, while in the 1990s, political protest, conceptualised as aggressive marches by 'warriors' and tourism have been the major representations. / History / M.A. (History)
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Translatio Studii et Imperii: The Transfer of Knowledge and Power in the Hundred Years WarWilson, Emma-Catherine 13 June 2022 (has links)
This thesis is an examination of English evocations of translatio studii et imperii during the Hundred Years War. According to the myth of translatio, intellectual and martial superiority were entwined and together moving ever-westwards, from Athens, to Rome, to Paris, and thence - the English claimed - to England. This study contributes to an understanding of how late-fourteenth- and fifteenth-century English aristocrats and clerics understood and legitimized their cultural struggle with France not only as a martial battle but also as an intellectual competition. It also explores how this struggle contributed to the cultural authority of libraries and book collections.
The first chapter of this thesis traces the development of the translatio studii et imperii tradition from its ancient origins to its zenith in the reign King Charles V "the Wise" of France. This chapter serves to establish the historiographical implications of the translatio myth as well as the French translatio tradition to which the English responded. The second chapter of this study is devoted to a literary analysis of texts which explicitly evoke the translatio topos and which were composed or copied in England during the Hundred Years War, such as Bishop Richard de Bury's Philobiblon and Ranulf Higden's Polychronicon, as well as Oxford and Cambridge university foundation myths. The third chapter explores the extent to which late-medieval England's book culture resonated with English evocations of translatio. Central to this exploration is the underhanded acquisition of Charles V's monumental French royal library by the English regent of France, John, Duke of Bedford. As is attested in the writings of French court scholars, the monumental French royal library was held to symbolise France's cultural superiority over England during the Hundred Years War. Bedford's manoeuvre can be seen as a bid to transfer Europe's seat of learning, and by extant of power, to England. This thesis concludes with a consideration of the translatio myth's ambivalent implications for contentious master narratives such as the rise of nationalism and of the English language in late-medieval England.
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Last Word in Art Shades: The Textual State of James Joyce's UlyssesTully-Needler, Kelly Lynn 06 March 2008 (has links)
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / James Joyce’s Ulysses is a work of art that engendered scandal in every stage of its production, dissemination, and reception. The work is now hailed as the prose monument of modernism, a twentieth-century masterpiece, and revolutionary in its stylistic technique, its foregrounding of language and psychological drama, and its ambiguity. Ulysses is, in truth, a simple tale, about a lifetime of one day, in a world of one place, in the lives of one people, played out on a stage of pages. The telling of the tale is far from simple—it is among the greatest literary artifacts of our cultural heritage. But the text of Ulysses continues to be entangled in the tension of its status as both a literary artifact, created by an artist, and a cultural artifact, influenced by the aspects of its currency. Among the many questions the novel begs is, who controls the meaning of a work of literary art? This thesis begins to answer that question.
Chapter 1 surveys available materials and outlines four waves in the history of textual scholarship of Ulysses. This chapter reads like the prose version of a library catalogue. Sorry, it is a symptom of academese. Chapter 2 outlines the history of censorship and suppression of Ulysses. Chapter 3 gives a historical context to legalizing the work and discusses the implications of the ban upon the development and reliability of the text. Chapter 4 outlines the second scandal of Ulysses, at the close of the twentieth century, now commonly referred to as the Joyce Wars. Chapter 5 discusses the influences upon Gabler’s editorial method and the resultant text. Together, these chapters tell the story of the book's creation and life in print.
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Forging Their Legacy: Cooperation and Accommodation in the Lower Rio Grande Valley, 1848-1870Ballesteros, Nicholas A. 12 1900 (has links)
Forging Their Legacy: Cooperation and Accommodation in the Lower Rio Grande Valley is an examination of the relationships created during the mid-nineteenth century between Anglo and Tejano elites in the five counties that make up the Lower Rio Grande Valley. Conducted through a quantitative lens, the five-chapter study seeks to demonstrate that, although the period between 1848 and 1870 was fraught with conflict and violence, the Anglo and Tejano elite of the Lower Rio Grande Valley came together in cooperation in order not only to survive these troubling times but to prosper. The thesis begins by identifying and analyzing the economic and political elite in the Lower Rio Grande Valley during the 1850s. A new crop of Anglo immigrants arrived with the Mexican-American War, but only a small number willing to assimilate to local Tejano culture were able to leave their mark on the Lower Valley. Chapter 4 relates the effect of the Civil War on the elite of the Lower Valley. It explores the profitable cotton trade during the war and the struggle that both Anglo and Tejano elites faced during Reconstruction. The thesis concludes with a macro-analysis of the twenty-two-year period from 1848-1870. It summarizes overall trends found in both the Anglo and Tejano elite communities and challenges the often-repeated argument of rapid dispossession by Anglos.
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“The Best Possible Time for War?” The USS Panay and American Far Eastern Policy During the Roosevelt PresidencySchnurr, Jeremy 13 December 2011 (has links)
This thesis examines American Far Eastern policy from the beginning of the Franklin Roosevelt presidency through the early months of 1938. This study is chiefly concerned with the attack by Japanese aircraft on the USS Panay and its effect on the course of U.S. foreign policy. Particular attention is paid to the Anglo-American dialogue which occurred throughout the Far Eastern Crisis. Prior to the end of 1938, the U.S. administration’s position in Asia was dictated both by policies inherited from preceding administrations and by the extreme isolationism of the American people. This foundation effectively inhibited any cooperation with foreign powers. Relying on a reactive policy in the Far East, Washington remained aloof from entanglement as the President sought a plan which would permit U.S. involvement without inviting isolationist wrath. This paper traces an evolution in American Far Eastern policy, highlighting the Panay incident as a distinctly identifiable turning point whereby isolationism gave way to internationalism.
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Satire of Counsel, Counsel of Satire: Representing Advisory Relations in Later Medieval LiteratureNewman, Jonathan M. 20 January 2009 (has links)
Satire and counsel recur together in the secular literature of the High and Late
Middle Ages. I analyze their collocation in Latin, Old Occitan, and Middle English texts
from the twelfth to the fifteenth century in works by Walter Map, Alan of Lille, John of
Salisbury, Daniel of Beccles, John Gower, William of Poitiers, Thomas Hoccleve, and
John Skelton. As types of discourse, satire and counsel resemble each other in the way
they reproduce scenarios of social interaction. Authors combine satire and counsel to
reproduce these scenarios according to the protocols of real-life social interaction.
Informed by linguistic pragmatics, discourse analysis, sociolinguistics and cultural
anthropology, I examine the relational rhetoric of these texts to uncover a sometimes
complex and reflective ethical discourse on power which sometimes implicates itself in
the practices it condemns. The dissertation draws throughout on sociolinguistic methods
for examining verbal interaction between unequals, and assesses what this focus can
contribute to recent scholarly debates on the interrelation of social and literary practices
in the later Middle Ages.
In the first chapter I introduce the concepts and methodologies that inform this
dissertation through a detailed consideration of Distinction One of Walter Map’s De
nugis curialium . While looking at how Walter Map combines discourses of satire and
counsel to negotiate a new social role for the learned cleric at court, I advocate treating
satire as a mode of expression more general than ‘literary’ genre and introduce the
iii
theories and methods that inform my treatment of literary texts as social interaction,
considering also how these approaches can complement new historicist interpretation.
Chapter two looks at how twelfth-century authors of didactic poetry appropriate
relational discourses from school and household to claim the authoritative roles of teacher
and father. In the third chapter, I focus on texts that depict relations between princes and
courtiers, especially the Prologue of the Confessio Amantis which idealizes its author
John Gower as an honest counselor and depicts King Richard II (in its first recension) as
receptive to honest counsel. The fourth chapter turns to poets with the uncertain social
identities of literate functionaries at court. Articulating their alienation and satirizing the
ploys of courtiers—including even satire itself—Thomas Hoccleve in the Regement of
Princes and John Skelton in The Bowge of Court undermine the satirist-counselor’s claim
to authenticity. In concluding, I consider how this study revises understanding of the
genre of satire in the Middle Ages and what such an approach might contribute to the
study of Jean de Meun and Geoffrey Chaucer.
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Satire of Counsel, Counsel of Satire: Representing Advisory Relations in Later Medieval LiteratureNewman, Jonathan M. 20 January 2009 (has links)
Satire and counsel recur together in the secular literature of the High and Late
Middle Ages. I analyze their collocation in Latin, Old Occitan, and Middle English texts
from the twelfth to the fifteenth century in works by Walter Map, Alan of Lille, John of
Salisbury, Daniel of Beccles, John Gower, William of Poitiers, Thomas Hoccleve, and
John Skelton. As types of discourse, satire and counsel resemble each other in the way
they reproduce scenarios of social interaction. Authors combine satire and counsel to
reproduce these scenarios according to the protocols of real-life social interaction.
Informed by linguistic pragmatics, discourse analysis, sociolinguistics and cultural
anthropology, I examine the relational rhetoric of these texts to uncover a sometimes
complex and reflective ethical discourse on power which sometimes implicates itself in
the practices it condemns. The dissertation draws throughout on sociolinguistic methods
for examining verbal interaction between unequals, and assesses what this focus can
contribute to recent scholarly debates on the interrelation of social and literary practices
in the later Middle Ages.
In the first chapter I introduce the concepts and methodologies that inform this
dissertation through a detailed consideration of Distinction One of Walter Map’s De
nugis curialium . While looking at how Walter Map combines discourses of satire and
counsel to negotiate a new social role for the learned cleric at court, I advocate treating
satire as a mode of expression more general than ‘literary’ genre and introduce the
iii
theories and methods that inform my treatment of literary texts as social interaction,
considering also how these approaches can complement new historicist interpretation.
Chapter two looks at how twelfth-century authors of didactic poetry appropriate
relational discourses from school and household to claim the authoritative roles of teacher
and father. In the third chapter, I focus on texts that depict relations between princes and
courtiers, especially the Prologue of the Confessio Amantis which idealizes its author
John Gower as an honest counselor and depicts King Richard II (in its first recension) as
receptive to honest counsel. The fourth chapter turns to poets with the uncertain social
identities of literate functionaries at court. Articulating their alienation and satirizing the
ploys of courtiers—including even satire itself—Thomas Hoccleve in the Regement of
Princes and John Skelton in The Bowge of Court undermine the satirist-counselor’s claim
to authenticity. In concluding, I consider how this study revises understanding of the
genre of satire in the Middle Ages and what such an approach might contribute to the
study of Jean de Meun and Geoffrey Chaucer.
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669 |
“The Best Possible Time for War?” The USS Panay and American Far Eastern Policy During the Roosevelt PresidencySchnurr, Jeremy 13 December 2011 (has links)
This thesis examines American Far Eastern policy from the beginning of the Franklin Roosevelt presidency through the early months of 1938. This study is chiefly concerned with the attack by Japanese aircraft on the USS Panay and its effect on the course of U.S. foreign policy. Particular attention is paid to the Anglo-American dialogue which occurred throughout the Far Eastern Crisis. Prior to the end of 1938, the U.S. administration’s position in Asia was dictated both by policies inherited from preceding administrations and by the extreme isolationism of the American people. This foundation effectively inhibited any cooperation with foreign powers. Relying on a reactive policy in the Far East, Washington remained aloof from entanglement as the President sought a plan which would permit U.S. involvement without inviting isolationist wrath. This paper traces an evolution in American Far Eastern policy, highlighting the Panay incident as a distinctly identifiable turning point whereby isolationism gave way to internationalism.
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670 |
“The Best Possible Time for War?” The USS Panay and American Far Eastern Policy During the Roosevelt PresidencySchnurr, Jeremy 13 December 2011 (has links)
This thesis examines American Far Eastern policy from the beginning of the Franklin Roosevelt presidency through the early months of 1938. This study is chiefly concerned with the attack by Japanese aircraft on the USS Panay and its effect on the course of U.S. foreign policy. Particular attention is paid to the Anglo-American dialogue which occurred throughout the Far Eastern Crisis. Prior to the end of 1938, the U.S. administration’s position in Asia was dictated both by policies inherited from preceding administrations and by the extreme isolationism of the American people. This foundation effectively inhibited any cooperation with foreign powers. Relying on a reactive policy in the Far East, Washington remained aloof from entanglement as the President sought a plan which would permit U.S. involvement without inviting isolationist wrath. This paper traces an evolution in American Far Eastern policy, highlighting the Panay incident as a distinctly identifiable turning point whereby isolationism gave way to internationalism.
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