Thesis--Cologne. / Includes index. Bibliography: p. 307-326.

This thesis highlights depicted motherhood in film. Antichrist is used as the primary object in my analysis, which is a film that has been vividly debated in the literature, beacuse of it's graphic content. To a large extent, this film has been discussed in relation to Lars von Triers intentions and previous works, but in this thesis the film and it's depicted motherhood is viewed through it's symbolic elements. These elements, when analysed in relation to film language and motherhood theory, point out the representation of an ambivalent nature of motherhood. The symbolic content in five different scenes, which is attributed to Her as a mother, is also found in other cultural and religious sources. I claim that this depicted ambigous motherhood is central to the films narrative. As a consequence, this thesis also unfolds the peripheral depicted fatherhood, an aspect in need of futher investigation.

<p>The aim with this essay is to penetrate the opinions of how women should be represented on screen. I am using a selection of contributions from the gender debate that Lars von Trier´s movie <em>Antichrist</em> caused in Sweden in spring 2009. The focus of the debate was mainly about the way the female actress was displayed. The provocative thing considered by many was that the female part could be interpreted as evil and in connection with Antichrist. But is that a obvious negative way to present women? In a historical view the discussion have been constantly fluctuated when it comes to the ideas of the correct way to visualize women in the movies which have left us without a true answer to that question.</p><p>I am interested in investigating what is considered today as the best way to represent women by Swedish debaters.</p><p>By using Michel Foucault’s term discourse as theory in a text analyse I am trying to look trough their language and see their ideological position.</p>

The aim with this essay is to penetrate the opinions of how women should be represented on screen. I am using a selection of contributions from the gender debate that Lars von Trier´s movie Antichrist caused in Sweden in spring 2009. The focus of the debate was mainly about the way the female actress was displayed. The provocative thing considered by many was that the female part could be interpreted as evil and in connection with Antichrist. But is that a obvious negative way to present women? In a historical view the discussion have been constantly fluctuated when it comes to the ideas of the correct way to visualize women in the movies which have left us without a true answer to that question. I am interested in investigating what is considered today as the best way to represent women by Swedish debaters. By using Michel Foucault’s term discourse as theory in a text analyse I am trying to look trough their language and see their ideological position.

Diploma work Retuňk proti Antikristu a svodum jeho reminds a contemporary man of a need of Holy Writ and importance of freedom of opinion. Using another wording it means the importance of a centre in Christ a centre from and to which aal mortals' ways lead. The triad composed text will be a quide to historic period of Retuňk, a composed work just for itself and its message to contemporary living generations as well. All the roads offered here are Comenius's all-life attitudes with an attention intent on Comenius's world, light and hope. History instructs us on the same matter all the time. The good has been stolen, freedom being brought down, most honest individuals will be like outlaws, prisoners and clients of a execution squad. If our conscience tells us that all that is not right, we should not deny our world, light and hope that centre and all-round frankness. This work Retuňk proti Antikristu a svodum jeho will be that conscience. Keywords Antichrist, history, Comenius, theology.

My dissertation explores the parodic Biblical language employed by medieval and early modern staged heretics. The plays' coupling of parody and heresy forges ideological connections between the two, as when they disrupt authorized, orthodox models of the Word, as both the Scriptures and the Host. My Introduction addresses the theological controversies over the relationship between language and meaning that arise from Lollard, Catholic, and Protestant heresies. Chapter two analyzes how, in the Chester cycle, Antichrist's theological and verbal dissents are eerily similar to orthodox models. That framework forces the audience to depend on the context of the heretic's words and deeds, rather than the words and deeds themselves, to interpret meaning. Chapter three examines Mankind's construction of orthodox and parodic registers of language and its mapping of Mankind's fall and ascent through his transition from one register to the other. Chapter four addresses how the Croxton Play of the Sacrament defends the doctrine of the Real Presence by aligning the transformative power of the consecratory words with the transformative power of believers' confessions at conversion, wherein both enact a transubstantiation. Chapter five argues that John Bale's Three Laws relies on the dichotomy of the letter and the spirit to characterize his parodic Catholic vices as legalistic adherents to the Word and his Protestant heroes as spiritually-enlightened believers. Chapter six analyzes how Falstaff's Puritan parody, in the Henry IV plays, locates meaning in the audience rather than the speaker, particularly through dramatic irony, equivocation, and allusions. Lastly, chapter seven examines how, in Marlowe's Doctor Faustus, the spectrum of orthodox and parodic language use collapses into Faustus's idiom, and I contend that Faustus's heresy is ultimately his indecision. My conclusion ultimately finds that the univocity between language and meaning is a specious construction, and, collectively, these texts demonstrate that language may be a marker but not a maker of meaning.

La thèse présente une étude du peuple catholique mosellan pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale qui englobe la hiérarchie épiscopale, le clergé, les congrégations, les laïcs pieux et les pratiquants. Il concerne aussi bien les événements survenus en Moselle que dans les départements d’accueil dans le sud de la France après les évacuations de 1939-1940 et les expulsions de 1940-1941. L’étude exhaustive des archives de l’évêché assez volumineuses car les prêtres ont beaucoup écrits confrontées à d’autres sources et en particulier aux sources allemandes a permis d’appréhender cette bicéphalie qui confère à la Moselle un intérêt particulier puisqu’elle a été à la fois confrontée à la politique nazie antichrétienne à cause de l’annexion et à la politique conciliante envers l’Eglise de l’Etat Français à cause du transfert du plus du tiers de sa population et de la moitié du clergé et des religieux. Cette bicéphalie unique en France, même par rapport à l’Alsace elle-même annexée au Reich, donne une originalité à l’Eglise mosellane. Cette étude a priori régionale, devient ainsi nationale s’inscrivant dans celles des années 80 sur l’Eglise de France, voire même européenne, car la Moselle fut terre d’expérimentation d’une politique antichrétienne nazie. Cette étude devient sociologique lorsqu’elle montre les conséquences sur la pratique religieuse de la dispersion dans un milieu plutôt hostile. Après avoir montré l’omniprésence dans la société mosellane de la religion catholique devenue un élément identitaire lié partiellement au statut concordataire et au maintien des écoles confessionnelles, nous avons respecté la chronologie pour montrer les incidences des faits de guerre sur le peuple catholique mosellan. Nous avons divisé notre travail en deux parties, novembre 1940 et les expulsions constituant le point de rupture. Grâce à l’outil informatique, nous avons pu établir des statistiques précises, cartographier la pratique religieuse et la dispersion. Parfois, cette exigence d’aller puiser à la source et l’analyse historique qui en a découlé a bousculé la mémoire patriotique. Cette étude se propose de combler un vide historiographique et d’être un élément supplémentaire dans la connaissance de l’annexion de la Moselle, de la politique de nazification et de la diaspora mosellane / The thesis presents a study of the catholic people of Moselle during the World War II which includes the episcopal hierarchy, the clergy, the congregations, the pious laity and the practitioners. It concerns as well the events occurring in Moselle than in the reception departments in the south of France after the evacuations from 1939-1940 and the expulsions from 1940-1941. The exhaustive study of the archives of the Bishopric, rather large because the priests have written a lot face to other sources and in particular German sources, helped to understand this two-headed that gives the Moselle particular interest since it was both face anti-Christian Nazi policy because of the annexation and the conciliatory policy towards the Church of the French State due to the transfer of more than a third of its population and half of the clergy and religious. This two-headed, sole in France, even in relation to Alsace itself annexed to the Reich, gives originality to the Church of Moselle. This study, priori regional, becomes national enrolling in those from 80’s upon the Church of France, or even European, because the Moselle was experimentation field of a Nazi anti-Christian policy. This study becomes sociological when it shows the consequences of the religious practice of the dispersion in a rather hostile environment. After demonstrating the omnipresence in the Moselle Catholicism community became an identity element partially related to Concordat status and keeping of religious schools, we respected the chronology to show the impact of acts of war on the Moselle Catholic people. We divided our work into two parts, November 1940 and expulsions constitute the breaking point. With computer skills, we were able to maintain accurate statistics, mapping religious practice and dispersion. Sometimes this requirement to fetch the source and the historical analysis that ensued jostled the patriotic memory. This study aims to fill a historiographical vacuum and be an additional element in the knowledge of the annexation of the Moselle, the politic of Nazification and the Moselle diaspora

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-02-17T12:53:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 837444 bytes, checksum: 171674a9b75e06076c9d3ce22ee1c4d3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-17T12:53:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 837444 bytes, checksum: 171674a9b75e06076c9d3ce22ee1c4d3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-30 / This paper seeks to analyze the most common interpretations of Nietzsche's concept of the Antichrist, listing the establishment of the distinction of the Christian theological morality and evangelical practice of Jesus. The philosophy of Nietzsche's hammer is present in this light, as deconstructed herd centuries of domination imposed by the Christian church. So discharge reading of Antichrist as a key work of clarifying the true intention of the dogmatic priests. The affirmation of life in this world and not in another is what makes the autonomous individual. The intellectual capacity and the critical sense shape the free man, the free-spirited man. / Esta dissertação busca analisar as interpretações mais correntes do conceito nietzschiano do anticristo, elencando a distinção da constituição da moralidade teológica cristã e da prática evangélica de Jesus. A filosofia do martelo de Nietzsche se faz presente nesta perspectiva, visto que desconstrói séculos de dominação do rebanho impostos pela igreja cristã. Assim, desembocamos na leitura de O Anticristo enquanto obra fundamental de esclarecimento da verdadeira pretensão dos sacerdotes dogmáticos. A afirmação da vida neste mundo e não num outro é que torna o indivíduo autônomo. A capacidade intelectiva e o senso crítico moldam o homem livre, o homem de espírito livre.

abstract: On the Antichrist (CPG 3946) is an eschatological sermon historically attributed to Efrem the Syrian. Composed in Koine Greek, On the Antichrist is not an authentic Efremic sermon but is attributed to the construct Greek Efrem, often called in the literature ‘Ephraem Graecus’. Sometime around the 12th century, Slavic Christians translated the work into Old Church Slavonic. As its goal, this study employs On the Antichrist to investigate how religions (e.g. Christianity) employ religio-cultural constructs and either refine, or redefine, them for new audiences and circumstances. To accomplish this, the author transcribes and translates one of the most important manuscript witnesses of this sermon (labelled Ov1), translates it, compares it with other early witnesses, and analyzes the differences between the Greek and OCS versions of the text in order to ascertain the variations in the versions and to posit why such variations might have arisen in the transmission of this sermon. Finally, the critical edition is interrogated to propose a date of the autographic text-form of On the Antichrist to the 6th to 8th centuries. This dissertation finds that multiple recensions of the sermon evolved from the earliest recension, the A Recension. The Old Church Slavonic recension of On the Antichrist falls squarely within the A Recension and seems to share a common ancestral tradition with the other A Recension manuscripts and help to reconstruct the early history of On the Antichrist. Thus, this dissertation provides one necessary step in preparation for the difficult task of preparing a critical edition of this sermon. The sermon draws heavily upon 2 Thessalonians 2 and the Little Apocalypse. Two manuscripts overtly indicate multiple meters for the sermon, but two others only hint at such divisions, and the nature of the meters (Aramaic or Byzantine) is uncertain. The sermon itself references no datable historical events. The Greek of the sermon analyzing to a Late Koine/Early Byzantine cusp language datable to between the 6th to 8th centuries. For all the uncertainties and puzzles this sermon presents, the evidence clearly points to at least one conclusion: Efrem the Syrian (d.373) cannot have authored this work, and there is no way currently to ascertain the author. Finally, this dissertation adduces an argument that Byzantine and Slavic Christians preserved On the Antichrist because of its emphasis upon humility and penitence, which allowed for the sermon to be incorporated into Orthodox liturgy by the 10th century. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Religious Studies 2019

<p>With a hermeneutical method using narratology this thesis is interpreting the auteure Lars von Trier´s discussed movie <em>Antichrist</em>. On one hand within the limits of the hermeneutic Paul Riceours analysis of structure is used to reconstruct the narrative of the film out of the different part of discourses that I have construed in my first reading to find out a deeper comprehension of the relation between the characters and their relations to the different discourses. On the other hand the discourses which extracts out of His and Hers actions and statements are related to the clues that I´ve found out from interviews with von Trier regarding <em>Antichrist</em> where he, among other things, touches upon philosophical work of Friedrich Nietzsche and his own disregard about protestantism and religion. All in all this first phase of interpretation is termed the different horizons which I finally interprete and coalesce with my subjects comprehension on a metadiegetic and meta-metadiegetic level. By this a ”fusion of horizons” in the sense of Hans-Georg Gadamer can take place, which directly leads into the big scene of Relevations. But ”Chaos reigns” in von Triers <em>Antichrist </em>as well as Nietzsches philosophy.</p>