Text in German / Diese Studie untersucht den so genannten “antiochenischen Zwischenfall” (Gal 2:11-14) im Blick auf die Geschichte des Urchristentums und das Verhältnis zwischen Paulus und Petrus. Eingeleitet von einem Forschungsüberblick, konzentriert sich die Studie auf die exegetische Untersuchung von Gal 2:11-14 mit dem Ziel, den Konflikt zwischen Paulus und Petrus in seiner Ursache, seinem konkreten Verlauf und den daraus resultierenden Konsequenzen für die Entwicklung des Frühchristentums neu zu bewerten. Neben dem Kontext und der rhetorischen Funktion von Gal 2:11-14, findet dabei der Vergleich zwischen der paulinischen Schilderung und Bewertung des antiochenischen Zwischenfalls und der Darstellung der Entwicklung des Urchristentums der Apostelgeschichte besondere Beachtung. Dadurch soll die auf F. C. Baur zurückgehende und bis in die Gegenwart einflussreiche Rekonstruktion des Urchristentums als zweigeteilte und theologisch gegensätzliche Bewegung kritisch hinterfragt und Alternativen aufgezeigt werden. / This thesis examines the so called “Antiochene Incident” (Gal 2:11-14) as it relates to the proclamation of Christ in early Christianity and the relationship between Paul and Peter. After a broad survey of research, the thesis focuses on the exegetical study of Galatians 2:11-14 with the goal of analyzing the encounter between Paul and Peter in its cause, its detailed course and the resulting consequences for the development of early Christianity. In addition to the context and the rhetorical function of Gal 2:11-14, we compare Paul's description and assessment of the Antioch incident and the portrayal of the history of early Christianity in the book of Acts. In doing so, we critically question the reconstruction of early Christianity by F. C. Baur as a divided theological movement which has influenced theology to this day and offer alternatives to that view. / New Testament / M. Th. (New Testament)

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-10-23T11:04:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 A narrativa de Deus - MARIA GORETTI DE OLIVEIRA - DEFINITIVO 2 (22 JULHO 18).pdf: 586810 bytes, checksum: 76bea7a8f5dda7ee1d6677e145c7a403 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-23T11:04:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 A narrativa de Deus - MARIA GORETTI DE OLIVEIRA - DEFINITIVO 2 (22 JULHO 18).pdf: 586810 bytes, checksum: 76bea7a8f5dda7ee1d6677e145c7a403 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-29 / This research aims to demonstrate the strength of narrative language in Theology and how Christianity salvation's message is transmitted through this literary genre. The study was conducted from the method of narrative analysis which considers the narrative strategies in order to reach the author's Theology. Therefore, the literary categories are identified with the purpose of presenting how the biblical narrative becomes Theology with the intention to express the communities' faith experience. For that purpose it is identifies how the narrator constructs the narrative and are analyzes the strategies used with the intention the provocating the construction of meaning while reading. The creation of the plot, the narrator, the characters, the time, the space and the narrative focus are literary components used to represent the theology of the author and his confession of faith. T his analysis Will demonstrate which theological contents comes up from the narrative at Acts 9:1-19a. The hypothesis defended that the practice of literary genre has a fundamental importance in Theology. The nature of this research is theoretical and bibliographical. Its itinerary was developed by readings, reflections and analysis. All of this was supported by a selected bibliography about the subject. It gathered publications about the narrative literary genre, and the narrative analysis. In addition, in this study, were chosen biblical commentaries about the text / Esta pesquisa pretende demonstrar a força da narrativa na teologia e como a mensagem de salvação do cristianismo é transmitida por meio desse gênero literário. O estudo é feito a partir do método de análise narrativa que leva em consideração as estratégias narrativas, a fim de se chegar à teologia do autor. Portanto, são identificadas as categorias literárias com a finalidade de apresentar como a narrativa bíblica se constitui como teologia com o propósito de expressar a experiência de fé das comunidades. Para isso, verifica-se como o narrador construiu a narração e analisam-se as estratégias usadas com o intuito de provocar a construção de sentido durante a leitura. A criação do enredo, o narrador, os personagens, o tempo, o espaço e o foco narrativo são componentes literários usados para representar a teologia do autor e a sua confissão de fé. A análise demonstra quais conteúdos teológicos emergem da narrativa de Atos 9,1-19a, defendendo a hipótese de que o uso desse gênero literário tem fundamental importância na teologia. A natureza desta pesquisa é de caráter teórico e bibliográfico. O itinerário será percorrido com o auxílio de leituras, reflexões e análises apoiadas na bibliografia levantada sobre o tema. Foram reunidas obras que tratam do genero literário narração e da análise narrativa, além de comentários bíblicos da perícope selecionada

Sempre s’havia pensat que el concepte religiós i el concepte esportiu pertanyien a dues esferes excloents de la vida de l’ésser humà, dos conceptes vitals contraposats: la vida de l’espiritualitat i la de l`ànima, en contraposició amb una concepció més corpòria de la vida. Per tant, l’atleta de l’esperit i l’atleta del cos no podien conviure plegats en el recorregut vital de les persones. L’aparició del cristianisme, com una escissió del judaisme, es va trobar fortament impregnada d’elements de la cultura clàssica helenística. Com a fil conductor de la tesi doctoral ens centrarem en el pensament de Pau de Tars, cap visible de la comunitat cristiana d’Antioquia. A les seves cartes pastorals va emprar un estil metafòric impregnat d’elements que provenien de la concepció esportivo-afonística que va caracteritzar la “paideia” grega, un mètode pedagògic que unia el desenvolupament de l’intel.lecte amb les pràctiques físico-esportives com a únic camí per a aconseguir la virtut. Creiem que l’herència clàssica al pensament de l’Apòstol quant a la seva concepció agonística de la vida pot incidir de manera positiva en el món del futbol formatiu. Aspectes com l’ascetisme, la negació dels ídols, la professió de fe paulina centrada en l’existència d’un únic Déu han estat alguns dels elements que hem pogut comparar amb el món del futbol contemporani. Les anomenades metàfores esportives paulines centraven un discurs on es feia una crida a la lluita, a l’esforç i a la cooperació que serien presents a la difícil vida dels primers cristians. Atenent a aquests supòsits, en el treball doctoral s’estableixen un seguit de principis axiològics derivats de l’essència del missatge epistolar de Pau i que poden ser utilitzats en la millora de la pedagogia esportiva del futbol fins al punt de poder establir un codi ètic, que pugui ser útil en el terreny de les escoles formatives i també com a eina vàlida per als educadors d’aquest esport. Els elements que van caracteritzar el “corpus paulinum” han estat comparats, en aquest treball, amb trets que es produeixen en el futbol actual. D’igual manera que l’Apòstol aconsellava les comunitats cristianes, podem extrapolar aquest missatge per tal d’aconseguir un esport més pur, on el “fair play” esdevingui un dels elements que el defineixin. En els darrers anys, el futbol ha assolit una dimensió extraordinària, fins al punt que podem afirmar que ha esdevingut un substitut de la religió. El naixement mateix del futbol ens traslladaria a l’àmbit d’allò religiós, perquè quan va aparèixer, durant l’època victoriana anglesa, pedagogs com ara Thomas Arnold van proposar un nou sistema educatiu recuperant aspectes de l’antic mètode clàssic d’educació. Així doncs, les pràctiques esportives (com a element complementari i necessari al curriculum escolar) van tornar a prendre volada després de romandre durant segles a l’oblit. En l’aparició del futbol, remarquem el paper de l’Església anglicana, que (de la mà del cardenal Newton) va potenciar el futbol com a element terapèutic per a la classe obrera industrial i també com a mecanisme d’evangelització. El discurs que abans era propi d’allò sagrat s’ha instal.lat actualment en el món profà, i més concretament en el món del futbol; d’aquesta manera, aspectes com ara la salvació, la resurrecció, els miracles i els precs han entrat a formar part del context esportiu. Considerant tots aquests supòsits, a la present tesi doctoral es realitza un acurat estudi comparatiu dels ritus i dels símbols característics del context religiós cristià i la seva relació amb el món del futbol contemporani. La religió com a fet cultural fa referència a un fet humà complex i específic, un conjunt de sistemes de creences, de pràctiques, de símbols i d’estructures socials, a través de les quals l’ésser humà viu la seva relació amb el món d’allò sagrat. En reemplaçar el fet religiós, el futbol contemporani ha assumit bona part d’aquestes pràctiques en un context profà. / El concepto religioso y el concepto deportivo siempre se había pensado que pertenecían a dos esferas excluyentes de la vida del ser humano, dos conceptos vitales contrapuestos. La vida de la espiritualidad y del alma en contraposición a la concepción más corpórea de la vida. Así pues, el atleta del espíritu y el atleta del cuerpo no podían convivir juntos en el recorrido vital de las personas. La aparición del cristianismo, como una escisión del judaísmo, estuvo fuertemente impregnada de elementos de la cultura clásica helena. Como hilo conductor de la tesis doctoral nos centraremos en el pensamiento de Pablo de Tarso. Cabeza visible de la comunidad cristiana de Antioquia. En sus cartas pastorales utilizó un estilo metafórico impregnado de elementos que provenían de la concepción deportivo-agonística que caracterizó la paideia griega. Un método pedagógico que unía el desarrollo del intelecto con las prácticas físico-deportivas como único camino para alcanzar la virtud. La herencia clásica en el pensamiento del Apóstol en cuanto a su concepción agonística de la vida creemos que puede incidir de manera positiva en el mundo del fútbol formativo. Aspectos como el ascetismo, la negación de los ídolos, la profesión de fe paulina centrada en la existencia de un sólo dios han sido algunos de los elementos que hemos podido comparar con el mundo del fútbol contemporáneo. Las llamadas metáforas deportivas paulinas centraban un discurso donde se apelaba a la lucha, al esfuerzo y a la cooperación que debían de estar presentes en la difícil vida de los primeros cristianos. Atendiendo a estos supuestos en el trabajo doctoral se establecen una serie de principios axiológicos derivados de la esencia del mensaje epistolar de Pablo y que pueden ser utilizados en la mejora de la pedagogía deportiva del fútbol hasta el punto de poder establecer un código ético, que pueda ser útil en el terreno de las escuelas formativas y también como herramienta válida para los educadores de este deporte.Los elementos que caracterizaron el corpus paulinum han sido comparados en el trabajo con rasgos que se producen en el fútbol actual. De la misma manera como el Apóstol aconsejaba a las comunidades cristianas podemos extrapolar dicho mensaje en aras a conseguir un deporte más puro donde el fair play se convierta en uno de los elementos que lo definan. El fútbol, ha alcanzado en los últimos tiempos una dimensión extraordinaria, hasta tal punto, que podemos afirmar que se ha convertido en un sustituto de la religión. El mismo nacimiento de este deporte nos trasladará al ámbito de lo religioso, pues su aparición durante la época victoriana inglesa, donde pedagogos como Thomas Arnold propusieron un nuevo sistema educativo retomando aspectos del antiguo método clásico de educación. Así pues, las prácticas deportivas como un elemento complementario y necesario en el currículo escolar volvieron a alcanzar una gran dimensión después de siglos en el olvido. En este nacimiento del fútbol destacamos el papel relevante de la iglesia anglicana, que de la mano del cardenal Newton potenciaron el fútbol como elemento terapéutico para la deprimida clase obrera industrial y también como un mecanismo de evangelización de la misma. El discurso propio de lo sagrado actualmente se ha instalado en el mundo profano, concretamente en el mundo del futbol, de esta manera aspectos como la salvación, la resurrección, los milagros y los rezos han entrado a formar parte del contexto deportivo. Atendiendo a estos supuestos en la tesis doctoral se hace un minucioso estudio comparativo de los ritos y símbolos característicos del contexto religioso cristiano y su relación con el mundo del fútbol contemporáneo. La religión como hecho cultural se caracteriza por partir del supuesto que el término designa un hecho humano complejo y específico, un conjunto de sistemas de creencias, de prácticas de símbolos y de estructuras sociales a través de las cuales el ser humano vive su relación con el mundo de lo sagrado. El fútbol contemporáneo ha sustituido al hecho religioso. Las prácticas del ser humano actual van dirigidas hacia el mundo de lo profano, hacia el mundo del fútbol. / The religious concept and sporty concept had always thought they belonged to two areas exclusive of human life, two conflicting vital concepts. The life of spirituality and the soul as opposed to the bodily conception of life. Thus the spirit of the athlete and the athlete's body could not live together in the life journey of the people. The emergence of Christianity as a splinter group of Judaism, was strongly imbued with elements of classical Hellenic culture. As the central theme of the doctoral thesis will focus on the thought of Paul of Tarsus. Visible head of the Christian community of Antioch. In his pastoral letters used a metaphorical style imbued with elements coming from the sports-agonistic conception that characterized the Greek paideia. A teaching method that linked the development of the intellect with physical and sports practices as the only way to attain virtue. The classical heritage in the Apostle's thought in terms of agonistic conception of life we can have a positive impact on the world of football training. Aspects such as asceticism, denial of idols, Paul's profession of faith centered on the existence of a single god have been some of the elements we have been able to compare with the world of modern football. Pauline calls focused sports metaphors a speech which appealed to the struggle, effort and cooperation that should be present in the hard life of early Christians. Based on these assumptions in the dissertation establishes a series of axiological principles derived from the essence of the message of Paul and letters that can be used in improving the teaching soccer sports so much to establish an ethical code that can be useful in the field of training schools and also as a valid tool for educators of this sport. The elements that characterized the Pauline corpus have been compared in working with features occurring in football today. In the same way as the Apostle advised the Christian community we can extrapolate the message in order to get a pure sport where fair play to become one of the elements that define it. Football has recently reached an extraordinary dimension to such an extent, we can say that it has become a substitute religion. The very birth of this sport will take us to the realm of religion, since its emergence in Victorian England, where teachers like Thomas Arnold proposed a new education system aspects of the former returning to the classical method of education. So, sports practices as complementary and necessary in the school curriculum again reached a large size after centuries of oblivion. In this birth of football highlight the important role of the Anglican Church, which the hand of Newton boosted Cardinal football as a therapy for the depressed industrial working class and also as a means of evangelization itself. The discourse of the sacred itself has now been installed in the secular world, particularly in the world of football, so things like salvation, resurrection, miracles and prayers have become part of the sporting context. Based on these assumptions in the doctoral thesis is a thorough comparative study of the rites and symbols of Christian religious context and its relationship to the world of contemporary football. Religion as a cultural phenomenon is characterized by the assumption that the term designates a specific complex human fact, a set of belief systems, symbols, practices and social structures through which human beings live their relationship with the sacred world. The contemporary football has replaced the religious fact. The current human practices are directed towards the world of the profane, to the world of football.

The linguistic analysis of The Apostle of Skopje Štefan Pilát The Apostle of Skopje (Skop) is a Macedonian Church Slavonic manuscript, which contains a short Praxapostle. The scribal inscription on the last page places its compilation to the city of Skopje in the year 1313 thus allowing for its inclusion among the north-Macedonian texts. The goal of the present thesis was to evaluate its paleographic, orthographic and phonological characteristics and its morphological and syntactic peculiarities. The established facts were then compared with other north-Macedonian manuscripts and writing traditions of the Ochrid, Preslav, Tarnovo and Raška schools. Another aim was to evaluate how much could the reception of individual scribal norms be impacted by the north-Macedonian dialect and identify the dialect elements of Skop. On this account, I conclude that Skop, while belonging to the circle of north-Macedonian manuscripts and reflecting rather evident influence of the local dialect, remains conservative, especially from the perspective of paleography, orthography and phonology, a feature typical of the older tradition of the Ochrid School. In the Apostle pericopes, Skop however rather consequently receives the standardized use of the full scope of the iotified vowels, which is the norm most probably taken...

This dissertation argues that Paul’s apostolic mission to the Gentiles was the definitive expression of his divine vocation as an Israelite, and thus of his Jewish identity. For many of Paul’s Jewish contemporaries, Israel’s divine vocation was to keep and to teach the precepts of the Law of Moses as an exemplary witness to God’s power and wisdom. For Paul, however, Jewish identity was expressed primarily by preaching the gospel of Christ, as the fulfilment of the Law of Moses, to the Gentiles. This is seen most clearly in Paul’s letter to the Romans. In chapter 1, we summarize our methodology: we are seeking to examine Paul’s Jewish identity by reading Paul’s letters (especially Romans), in light of other second-temple Jewish texts, using certain insights from social identity theory. We show that the concept of vocation is an important dimension of Jewish identity, especially in Paul’s letters. We also discuss some prior approaches to the question of Paul’s Jewishness, demonstrating both their value and also their limitations for our purposes. In chapter 2, we survey three key aspects of Paul’s explicit language of Jewish identity in his letters: Jewish distinctiveness, divine revelation and divine vocation. In chapter 3, we demonstrate that Paul deliberately frames his letter to the Romans (Rom 1:1–15, 15:14–33) by presenting his apostolic ministry as the fulfilment of positive scripturally-based eschatological expectations concerning Israel’s divine vocation with respect to the nations. We also compare Paul’s self-presentation in the outer frame of Romans with other first-century expressions of Jewish vocation. In chapter 4, we concentrate on Rom 2:17–29. Contrary to most interpretations which read this passage as a discussion about the nature of (Jewish or Christian) salvation, we argue that Paul deliberately sets this passage in the context of the mainstream Jewish synagogue, in order to contest the nature of Jewish vocation. In chapter 5, we examine Rom 9–11 from the perspective of Jewish vocation. We demonstrate that in Rom 9–11, Paul presents his own apostolic vocation, in various ways, as a contrast to, a fulfilment of, and a means of hope for Israel’s place and role in God’s worldwide purposes.

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

L’objet principal de cette étude théologique est le témoignage dans le ministère sacerdotal, analysé à partir du verset Ac 1, 8 . Le milieu antiochien a été privilégié. Il donne l’unité aux textes bibliques et patristiques qui constituent les sources de la thèse. Le témoignage autorisé confié aux apôtres par Jésus Ressuscité s’exprime davantage dans l’enseignement et la liturgie que dans le gouvernement car il ne cesse pas avec la dépossession. De Paul à Ignace et Jean Chrysostome, toujours en référence aux textes prophétiques et à la parole du Christ,on voit s’élaborer une théologie du sacerdoce comme témoignage. / The main purpose of this theological research is to show the testimony in the priestly ministry. Our approach based on the words from Acts 1:8. Biblical and Patristic texts constitutes the sources of the thesis, it is the Antiochian environment that is emphasized and that grants unity to the corpus. The authorized testimony entrusted to the Apostles by Jesus is expressed more in the teaching and the liturgy than in the government because it does not cease with the dispossession. From Paul to Ignatius and John Chrysostom, referring to the prophetic texts and the Word of Christ, we see the development of a theology of the priesthood as testimony.

In 1840, apostle missionaries for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints compiled, printed, and began distributing a hymnbook that eventually would become the basis for all subsequent LDS hymnbooks published in English in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This thesis, as a contribution to the literature of communication, book history, and hymnology, as well as the intellectual and cultural history of the early years of the LDS Church, focuses on analyzing the poetry of the 1840 Mormon Manchester hymnbook. Using qualitative root-metaphor analysis, the author identified and analyzed expressions, supporting an emergent journey root-metaphor. He then divided the expressions into eight categories, each describing important and distinct aspects of the Journey. These categories include the following: 1) the travelers, 2) the activities on the journey, 3) the way, 4) the destination, 5) the guide, 6) the invitation to come, 7) the motivations, and 8) the lost wanderers. This thesis is based on the assumption that cultures and religions can be understood through the stories they tell. The story of the journey as told through the poetry of the 1840 Manchester hymnbook illuminates one aspect of the religious experience of early members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Taken together, the eight aspects of the journey root-metaphor identified in this thesis tell a story about LDS members as travelers on a journey home, who walk on a straight and narrow path, away from a dark and fallen world, through snares, darkness, and other dangers, toward a glorious destination where rest, joy, and other rewards await them. Ultimately the travelers must rise above this world and follow Christ to a place where they may live with God to serve and praise him ever more.

Scholars have proposed that Jude and 2 Peter are literarily dependent. However, there is no definitive conclusion among scholars concerning which one is literarily dependent on the other. There are arguments for and against each of the literary dependency theories. It is difficult to define what is meant by literary dependency and how to measure it. By utilizing Lemke’s notion of intertextuality, this study examines the thematic formations, axiological stance, and rhetorical formations of Jude and 2 Peter. This study demonstrates that there are significant intertextual relations that can account for the similarities between these two texts. There is substantial evidence which suggests that their differences are significant. Jude and 2 Peter do not provide essential intertextual background information to understand each other. Through the analysis of other intertexts, this study reveals a significant number of intertexts, like the LXX, Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, and contemporary literature, that can account for the meaning formation of the two books. These texts can be considered as more significant intertexts for Jude and 2 Peter.

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