Bibliography: leaves 320-376. / 376 leaves : col. ill., col. maps ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Documents an annual (21st of May) purification ritual honoring St. Constantine and St. Helen, performed in northern Greece by Thracians. The ritual includes animal sacrifice, Christian blessings, trance and fire dancing. As the ritual has become a popular tourist attraction, the thesis primarily examines the cultural commodification of the ritual and the ritual objects. Fieldwork was undertaken in Lagadhas, a town in the north of Greece. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Anthropology, 1999

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Se examina la conexión entre la escuela nueva y la antropología aplicada a través del pragmatismo clásico estadounidense, así como sus efectos en las reflexiones sobre el problema del indio, la difusión de métodos de la escuela nueva y las propuestas para la educación rural en el Perú. La nueva educación, o escuela nueva, es una tendencia que fue entendida como una propuesta para implementar la educación popular —e incluso la educación universitaria—, inculando la educación con la comunidad, su historia y geografía.La bibliografía revisada pone énfasis en el desarrollo de la ciudadanía a través de la educación, sobre todo en el ámbito rural. Considera un texto sobre las mutuas influencias entre Boas y Dewey, así como la reflexión sobre la educación del indio a través de doce autores peruanos. Asimismo, diecisiete boletines de la Unión Panamericana sobre aspectos de los métodos educativos entre 1927 y 1931. Finalmente, cuatro publicaciones del Ministerio de Educación Pública entre 1938 y 1939, que formulan las políticas orientadas a la educación rural. / The connection between the new school and applied anthropology through classical American pragmatism is examined here, as well as its effects on the reflections  on the Indian problem, the spread of the new school methods, and on proposals for rural education in Peru. New education or new school is a trend proposed to implement popular education and even university education, linking education to the community, its history and geography.The literature reviewed emphasizes the development of citizenship through education, especially in  rural areas. It considers a text on the mutual influences between Boas and Dewey, twelve Peruvian authors on Indian education, a resume of seventeen newsletters of the Pan American Union on aspects of educational methods, between 1927 and 1931, as well as four publications of the Ministry of Education between 1938 and 1939, which formulate policies to rural education.

Orientador: John Manuel Monteiro / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T22:03:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CasasMendoza_CarlosAlberto_D.pdf: 3717468 bytes, checksum: 6008cb691d4e6d4f5d7a9dd120bfcca2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: Esta pesquisa procura analisar os processos de construção do nacionalismo e a forma como nesses processos foram articuladas as populações indígenas de dois Estados nacionais da América Latina: Brasil e México. A tese concentra-se no período que vai de 1940 até 1970; porém, na análise adota-se uma perspetiva histórica de larga duração que me permite explicar com maior profundidade, os fenômenos institucionais e sociais estudados. Junto ao nacionalismo, analiso o impacto que teve o processo de modernização, o qual se traduziu na implementação de um conjunto de técnicas e medidas institucionais orientadas por iniciativas políticas que visaram o desenvolvimento. Estes «pacotes desenvolvimentistas» foram dirigidos à reorganização sociocultural e econômica das populações indígenas. A estrutura educativa e a relação entre saberes científicos e práticas administrativas são analisadas ao longo da tese visando entender o papel que esses processos tiveram na construção das agências indigenistas de cada país. Da mesma forma, são estudados os processos concomitantes de reforço do nacionalismo e da formação de quadros de profissionais e especialistas. Em função disto, são analisadas as práticas administrativas dos «sertanistas», dos «professores rurais», dos «promotores indígenas» e dos «antropólogos», tentando entender, tanto a construção dessas categorias quanto também sua incorporação dentro das lógicas institucionais indigenistas. Finalmente, a tese aborda o desenvolvimento dos «projetos cívico morais» que serviram de plataforma para a afirmação dos discursos nacionalistas nas comunidades indígenas. Na tese é analisada a difusão desses projetos «cívico morais» e a criação de formas de representação socioculturais através de distintas mídias, como a fotografia e os curta-metragens / Abstract: This research seeks to analyze the processes of construction of nationalism and the way in which the indigenous populations of two national States of Latin America, Brazil and Mexico, where articulated into these processes. The focus of the study is a period 1940-1970; however, in order to achieve a greater depth in the explanation of the institutional and social phenomena, many times I adopt a wider historical perspective. Beside nationalism, I analyze the impact that the modernization process had. This modernization process, that ended to be a set of institutional techniques and measures oriented by political initiatives aiming development ¿known as ¿developmental packages¿¿, were addressed to the socio-cultural and economic reorganization of the indigenous populations. The educational structure of that period and the relationship between scientific knowledges and administrative practices are discussed here, sighting a better understanding of the roll of these processes in the construction of the indigenist agencies in each country. In the same spirit, two concomitant processes, that of reinforcement of nationalism and that of formation of professional staff and specialists, are studied too. In relation to this, the administrative practices of ¿sertanistas¿, of ¿rural teachers¿, of ¿promotores indigenas¿ and of ¿anthropologists¿ are also analyzed. The aim is to understand how these categories have been constructed and how they have been incorporated into indigenous institutional logics. Finally, this study explores the development of the ¿moral-civic projects¿ that served as a base for the affirmation of the nationalist discourses at the indigenous communities. The diffusion of these ¿moral-civic projects¿ and the creation of socio-cultural forms of representation through different media, as photography and documentary films, are as well analyzed. / Doutorado / Doutor em Antropologia Social

Abstract This thesis explores the sociocultural processes shaping the design, adoption and use of new urban technology in the city of Oulu in northern Finland. The exploration is conducted at experiential level focusing on people’s personal perspectives which allows uncovering underlying cultural meanings, social structures and historically formed practices and discourses. The unique case for the thesis is provided by the recent technological development in Oulu that has been shaped by agendas such as ubiquitous computing and smart cities. The thesis first investigates in-depth the design process of the new urban technology, and also compares the visions of the designers and decision-makers with the practices and perspectives of the city inhabitants. Then, the adoption process of public urban technologies is studied in detail by constructing a conceptual appropriation model. Finally, the effects of the northern location of Oulu on the design and use of the urban technology are scrutinized. The research is based on empirical, qualitative research materials comparing the experiences of young adult and elderly city inhabitants; in addition, quantitative use data of urban technologies is utilized to provide an overview on the use trends. The key findings indicate that the design and decisions concerning novel technologies and the outcome are shaped by complex sociomaterial practices based on experiences from previous similar projects, and on certain preconceptions about the city inhabitants and technology’s role in the cityscape. Different people have differing power positions in relation to the development of the urban public places, and technology implementation can marginalize some segments of city inhabitants. Further, the adoption of novel urban technologies is found to depend heavily on the norms of public places and people’s long-term experiences of technology use. Finally, climate, ICT use and sociocultural context are shown to be profoundly interconnected, and thus, urban computing design must reconsider the situatedness of technology. These findings call for further sociocultural studies on future smart cities. / Tiivistelmä Väitöskirja tarkastelee sosiokulttuurisia tekijöitä, jotka ovat vaikuttaneet uuden kaupunkiteknologian suunnitteluun, omaksumiseen ja käyttöön Pohjois-Suomessa Oulussa. Tutkimus keskittyy ihmisten kokemukselliseen tasoon, jonka kautta on mahdollista hahmottaa kulttuurisia merkityksiä, sosiaalisia rakenteita sekä historiallisesti muotoutuneita käytäntöjä ja diskursseja. Tutkimuksen taustalla on Oulun viime vuosien teknologinen kehitys, joka osaltaan perustuu visioihin älykaupungista ja kaupunkitilaan sulautetusta jokapaikan tietotekniikasta. Tutkimus tarkastelee aluksi uuden kaupunkiteknologian suunnitteluprosessia, ja peilaa lisäksi suunnittelijoiden ja päättäjien visioita kaupunkilaisten käytäntöihin ja näkökulmiin. Seuraavaksi julkisten kaupunkiteknologioiden käyttöönottoa jäljitetään rakentamalla malli, joka kuvaa omaksumisprosesseja. Lopuksi selvitetään Oulun pohjoisen sijainnin vaikutusta teknologian suunnitteluun ja käyttöön. Tutkimus perustuu empiirisiin, laadullisiin tutkimusaineistoihin, joiden avulla tutkitaan ja vertaillaan nuorten aikuisten ja ikääntyneiden kaupunkilaisten kokemuksia. Lisäksi käytetään määrällistä aineistoa kuvaamaan kaupunkiteknologioiden käytön kehityssuuntia. Väitöskirjan mukaan kaupunkiteknologioita koskevat päätökset ja lopputulos ovat monimutkaisten sosiaalis-materiaalisten käytäntöjen muovaavia. Käytäntöjen taustalla ovat kokemukset samankaltaisista projekteista sekä ennakkokäsitykset kaupunkilaisista ja teknologian roolista kaupunkitilassa. Tutkimus valottaa ihmisten erilaisia valta-asemia kaupunkien kehityksessä ja tuo esiin, miten teknologia voi marginalisoida joitakin ihmisryhmiä. Tutkimus osoittaa, miten julkisten paikkojen normit ja pitkän ajan kuluessa muovautuneet teknologiakokemukset vaikuttavat uusien kaupunkiteknologioiden omaksumiseen. Lisäksi todetaan ilmaston, tieto- ja viestintätekniikan käytön ja sosiokulttuurisen kontekstin vahva yhteys, jonka vuoksi alan tutkimuksen tulisi arvioida uudelleen teknologian paikkasidonnaisuutta. Tulokset osoittavat, että sosiokulttuurista tutkimusta älykaupungeista tarvitaan lisää.

Please read the abstract in the section 00front of this document / Dissertation (MA (Anthropolgy))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Anthropology and Archaeology / unrestricted

In this study I will present an investigation conducted at two communities in the northernPeruvian highlands during the months of February and March of 2019. I applied an anthropological perspective to Communication for Development and investigated how health promotion concerning anemia was perceived by different groups (health care workers and Patients) at the communities. I applied an ethnomethodological approach and worked with an applied anthropology perspective as collected data through ethnography and semi-structured interviews throughout the communities. I found that perspectives that are hard to accommodate within dominating discourses – such as critical perspectives questioning inequality and poverty – may beless prioritized in favour of narratives that can be accommodated within a neoliberal context.Furthermore, I found that there exists a myriad of accounts of development and that development work cannot easily be accommodated within simplified dichotomies.

Disabled veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) exist in a category separate from many civilians and soldiers. Their experiences land them in a category distinctly marked as atypical. The standard protocol to manage this atypical subject position is prescription drugs- a mark of the ill. In a distorted, post-war American society, what happens when veterans with PTSD refuse to be labeled as ‘sick,' ‘different,' or even ‘disabled'? This thesis explores the actions and intricacies of a community of veterans who advocate for medical cannabis to manage associated symptoms of PTSD. This group of veterans campaigns for individuality, both in medical treatment and in personal experience. Collaboratively, their experiential evidence indicates that none can be treated in the same fashion. After a year of participant observation and field work, it becomes apparent that their work both individualizes and unifies the veterans. This thesis details their experiences and the results of their activist campaign to demarcate themselves.

This dissertation reports the activities, methods, and key findings of a doctoral research project in applied anthropology and an environmental anthropology fellowship. The research project was conducted through the Department of Anthropology at the University of Michigan, while the fellowship was sponsored jointly by the Society for Applied Anthropology and the United States Environmental Protection Agency and was conducted through the Great Lakes Fellowship Program of the Great Lakes Commission, in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Together, these projects demonstrated the utility of an ethnographic approach called Risk Perception Mapping (RPM) to the public consultation and social research interests of the Commission and its associated network of environmental management agencies and organizations. Through consultation with these organizations I identified an environmental management problem to which anthropological perspectives and methods would be particularly well-suited: Can the undesirable social phenomenon of environmental discrimination be minimized by assuring greater equality in access to public participation in environmental management? To address this problem, I conducted an RPM demonstration project in a five county area surrounding the Fermi II nuclear power plant in southeastern Michigan. My research focused on cultural, geographical, and social-contextual factors that influence the nature and distribution of perceived risk among populations that are potentially affected by environmental management projects. Key findings pertain to perceptually-specific communities of environmental risk and have implications for what I call "participatory equity" in environmental management. Potential applications to Great Lakes environmental management center on developing equitable population-specific exchanges of information through which more culturally sensitive indicators of Great Lakes ecosystem integrity may emerge. Anthropological contributions to public participation in environmental management are discussed with particular attention to anthropological perspectives on the multiple publics that comprise locally affected communities of environmental risk.