Tourism service is the navigation industry of Taiwan economic development in 21st century. There¡¦re lots of special B&Bs recently, which not only serve for accommodations but serve in-depth tour as well, and make passengers can totally consider the local culture during the tour. B&Bs differ from hotels' emphasis on professional service, the operation of B&Bs stress breadth,speed, and customization service. Thus, this research will study the training needs and contents for B&Bs in Taiwan. The goal of this research will study B&Bs' value of training nowadays and deeply study the training ways and needs suited for B&Bs. The data of hotels and B&Bs in this study is from "Taiwan Host Event" held by Tourism Bureau, MOTC, R.O.C.. Meanwhile, this study chooses eight B&Bs to analyze through interview, documentary analysis, and then used literature analysis to conclude. The definition of B&Bs in this study is self-characteristic, delicate, special ,and creative tourist and lodging house. B&Bs' business model is differ from general hotels and the training needs should be 4 points as follows: 1.OJT/ Off-JT strengthening: With the development of information technology, people can get more information and much interaction through the internet. The training of B&Bs should be focus on interactive study ; on-the-job training and off-job-training would be the key point. 2.B&Bs Social time planning: Not only being familiar with SOP and customers accommodation, but the emergency management is the best time to show quality of service as well. Thus, emergency management is the most significant; B&Bs can share with each experience and interact through workshop, and can easily learn how to deal with emergency situation during the training class. 3.Service Style establishment: The most important thing to build up each B&B own style is creation and getting into the swing of B&Bs industry. Therefore, how to strengthen the ability of perception, innovation and creation, is much more important than SOP training. 4.Cross-Field class connecting and planning: Tourism service has its own specific characteristics, and B&Bs cannot meet the whole tour needs. How to make strategic alliance from different small and medium tourism service through vertical or horizontal integration and enhance the development of regional tourism service, will be the key point to strengthen the regional competitiveness.

The essence of the paper is the characteristic of Bed & Breakfast (B&B) in Kenting, analyzing the pioneer¡¦s story and its successful condition thoroughly. To start an enterprise is a process to revise the interaction between individual and the environment. The pioneers are not satisfied with the mode of life, so they expect to pursue the ideal life by starting an enterprise. Economy used to be one of the major reason but not anymore. Therefore, starting an enterprise is the way to pursue the dreamland. Everyone has his dream, and it will affect the operation of the B&B. The commercial operation, the emotional operation, or humanities concern etc, all create an unique life style and operation. Not only the poineer¡¦s life has being changed, but the new features of Kenting was formed because of the blossom on the B&B. In order to combine the industry with the local environment and features, B&B becomes an extended knowledge of local. In recent years, the Internet was limitless, people can use the Blog and guestbook to update the information about the hostel anytime, share their traveling experience, and set up a platform for communication. Its high instantaneity and geniality promote the marketing efficiency. Analyzing the characteristic of B&B in Kenting, we will detect the enterprise filled with the essence of creating survival esthetics. Facing the dilemma of the previous environment, the pioneer creates the ideal life style with the positive attitude, finding the way to solve the difficulty actively. Whether the personal thought, life style, or the adaption to the environment, were all showing their originality and enthusiasm and conduct ¡§strategic creation¡¨. Foucault¡¦s survival esthetics explains the spirit of the pioneer and the change B&B brings about, the mode of the enterprise also shows the poineer¡¦s unique life style.

This study was conducted to investigate the impact of restaurant facilities, belonging to a B&B and leased to a professional restaurateur, upon the revenue of the B&B. This study assessed the physical demands placed on the B&B operator by an on-premises restaurant. Lack of sufficient data precluded proving the premise that an on-premises restaurant leased to a restaurateur would increase the income of the B&B without placing undue physical demands on the B&B operator. However, many contributing factors support the importance of a B&B having an on-premises restaurant that is leased to a professional restaurateur.

Recently, imagination and creativity is seen as keys for innovation and success factors .Imagination can create new idea and invent new things. It¡¦s a critical role to develop new markets for enterprises or dominate new industries. Meanwhile, the imagination is related to future. When imagination is use to predict the future, it is necessary to combine the knowledge base, creativity and the ideal value, and its focus is not on the accuracy of the prophecy, but rather the thoughts and actions triggered by this process. The new thinking is that the source of organizational innovation should come from the imagination of the leaders, business leaders must understand the vision and imagination influence than all other external information. Different from typical hotel industry, B&Bs give tourists more than just a place to stay, instead, they provide a place which full of local cultural and characteristics to enjoy. Since Taiwan government allowed resident of China visiting Taiwan from July 2008, B&Bs play a important role to attract these tourist. Therefore, more and more people started their business in B&Bs industry, but not everyone can be successful. So in this study, I focus on what relations are between the success in B&Bs and imagination? What is imagination process?

Revised; Originally Published: 2000 / 8 pp. / Whether you are beginning a new landscape or renovating an existing one, planning ahead can prevent many problems. The majority of maintenance requirements and plant problems result from either selecting the wrong kind of plant for a location or planting an inferior specimen of the selected plant type. In other words, there are two decisions to be made: ▪ What species, or kind, of tree are you going to buy — an oak, pine, mesquite, or acacia? ▪ Assuming you decide on an oak, which one in the row of oaks at the nursery are you going to buy? The first decision is called Plant Selection and the second is Selecting Plants. Our goal is to install the right plant in the right place. This publication will cover the factors involved in making good decisions to achieve this goal.

The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) has constantly promoted sustainable tourism development as well as played an important role since 1980; in addition, numerous standards were regulated accordingly. Under the impacts of both environment protection, energy saving and carbon reduction, the marketing strategy of numerous operators have been changes consequently. The ecological or environment lodging facilities gradually adopted by the people in this trade; nevertheless, there are still not appropriate criteria of green B&B for domestic lodge industry to carry out related strategies. One of the major aims of this study is to establish the criteria of green B&B and index of feasible implementation, and constitute index levels with fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), as the major basis of conducting survey of adoption willingness of lodge operator in implementing environment protection strategy. Next, this study intends to explore the current status of environment strategy implemented by B&B manager as well as the factors influence the adoption willingness. Third, find out any other factors and significance that could affect the adoption willingness of B&B manager to carry out strategy. Fourth, this study intends to locate the factors and significance of influencing consumer in accepting environment protection strategy (lodging willingness). There are three research targets employed by the design method of this study, namely, representative experts and scholars in the related domain, for presenting construct index and significance degree; research model establishment of B&B manager, the green B&B index are used for interview and questionnaire survey methods, so as to confirm the aim of this study; and finally the research model establishment of lodge consumer, through hierarchical regression analysis and relevant statistic analysis, to explain significant meaning and reason of variables. The research result proves that green B&B index can be simplifies into eight main dimensions and concrete strategies (management and marketing, social participation and communication, energy management, water resources management, green purchase, solid waste treatment, green restaurant and lodge activities, natural and cultural resources), for reference by verification unit. Secondly, in the research model of B&B manager, environment knowledge behavior would influence the self-efficacy, and further affect the adoption willingness. For operator, the higher the compatibility of environment strategy is, the higher of adoption willingness will be. Finally, in the research model of consumer, the higher the frequency that consumer engaged in the environment related activity, the higher the willingness of selecting green B&B will be; while environment knowledge behavior would affect the perceived caracteristics of innovation, lodge preference, and attitude of engaging in environment activity of consumer. This study defines the implication of promoting green B&B development strategy is ¡§to educate B&B managers attach more importance on environment ethics, and encourage consumer to change the attitude of recreation activity.¡¨ Furthermore, with the conception of simplified green lodge index, to direct towards tourism map planning of ecology village, apart from the unique features of ¡§green B&B¡¨ image, to minimize the impact of recreation environment. By employing innovation diffusion theory (IDT) model in the behavior prediction of environment behavior and tourism behavior strategy, the result of this study could be served as a useful reference for following researches.

民宿在台灣已經行之有年，因應國人旅遊型態改變，從傳統的旅遊團到現在的自由行，改變了旅遊和住宿產業，而民宿產業也逐漸受到市場歡迎。本研究以宜蘭縣冬山鄉民宿為例，探討其經營管理及行銷方式，本研究方法採個案研究、深入訪談法，調查宜蘭冬山鄉三家民宿業者。 研究結果顯示：(1)每家民宿經營就是一個故事，應結合故事行銷，創造特殊價值；(2)民宿業者應以特定的群體或族群爲行銷重點對象；(3)民宿管理必須結合業者的興趣或專業；(4)民宿淡旺季明顯，為了穩定經營，建議與文化創意產業、節慶活動及地區活動結合；(5)民宿的未來發展，可與跟藝術產業作異業結盟，以符合小眾、重遊旅客的需求；(6)政府應參考先進國家民宿之相關法規，協助民宿永續發展。 / The bed and breakfast (B&B) is popular for years in Taiwan. The travel type has already changed from traditional tours to self-service travelling. This research is investigated by case study and deeply interview methods. The managing B&B of the Dongshan in Yi-Lan is our case study. Results have shown:(1)Each managing B&B might have a special story;(2)B&B manager should focus on specific target groups for marketing;(3)B&B managing must be combined with manager’s interests or professional knowledge;(4)The B&B should link up festivals and local activities;(5)In future,the B&B could be integrated into new art and culture activities for some travelers;(6)The Government should refer to the relevant regulations of advanced countries and help B & B sustainable development. / 摘要 i Abstract ii 誌謝辭 iii 目錄 iv 圖目 v 表目 vi 第壹章 緒論 1 第一節 研究背景與動機 1 第二節 研究問題與研究目的 4 第三節 研究範圍與對象 5 第四節 研究流程 6 第貳章 文獻探討 7 第一節 民宿之定義 7 第二節 民宿經營管理與相關研究 12 第三節 民宿行銷策略與相關研究 16 第參章 研究方法 21 第一節 研究架構 21 第二節 研究流程 21 第三節 研究對象 22 第四節 研究工具 22 第五節 訪談大綱 26 第肆章 研究分析 27 第一節 A民宿 27 第二節 B民宿 31 第三節 C民宿 38 第四節 管理意涵 42 第伍章 研究結果與建議 44 第一節 研究結果 44 第二節 研究建議 46 參考文獻 48 圖目 圖1-1 2003年～2015年5月宜蘭地區民宿家數統計圖 2 圖1-2 2006年～2013年宜蘭縣觀光休憩區遊客人次統計圖 2 圖1-3 2006年～2015年宜蘭地區民宿客房住用率統計圖 3 圖1-4 研究流程圖 6 圖3-1 研究流程圖 21 表目 表 1-1 旅遊住宿方式 1 表 2-1 民宿的定義 8 表 2-2 民宿的類型 11

L'objectif de cette thèse porte sur des recherches théoriques et algorithmiques d'optimisation locale et globale via les techniques de programmation DC & DCA, Séparation et Evaluation (SE) ainsi que les techniques de relaxation DC/SDP, pour résoudre plusieurs types de problèmes d'optimisation non convexe (notamment en Optimisation Combinatoire et Optimisation Polynomiale). La thèse comporte quatre parties :La première partie présente les outils fondamentaux et les techniques essentielles en programmation DC & l'Algorithme DC (DCA), ainsi que les techniques de relaxation SDP, et les méthodes de séparation et évaluation (SE).Dans la deuxième partie, nous nous intéressons à la résolution de problèmes de programmation quadratique et linéaire mixte en variables entières. Nous proposons de nouvelles approches locales et globales basées sur DCA, SE et SDP. L'implémentation de logiciel et des simulations numériques sont aussi étudiées.La troisième partie explore des approches de la programmation DC & DCA en les combinant aux techniques SE et SDP pour la résolution locale et globale de programmes polynomiaux. Le programme polynomial avec des fonctions polynomiales homogènes et son application à la gestion de portefeuille avec moments d'ordre supérieur en optimisation financière ont été discutés de manière approfondie dans cette partie.Enfin, nous étudions dans la dernière partie un programme d'optimisation sous contraintes de type matrices semi-définies via nos approches de la programmation DC. Nous nous consacrons à la résolution du problème de réalisabilité des contraintes BMI et QMI en contrôle optimal.L'ensemble de ces travaux a été implémenté avec MATLAB, C/C++ ... nous permettant de confirmer l'utilisation pratique et d'enrichir nos travaux de recherche.

在西班牙開設Luna Y Comida民宿的商業計畫書 / Luna Y Comida is a start-up bed and breakfast business that will open near the old town of Valencia Spain, in the Barrio Del Carmen. It will be a mid-range establishment with 6 rooms that will mainly target customers from the UK, France, Belgium and China, with some occasional Spanish vacationers. The owners will live on the premises and will be able to serve the clients with excellent customer service in their own language (French, English, Spanish and Chinese). This personalized customer service will be at the earth of our success. We aim at providing to our customers a “home” away from home and help reduce the stress usually accompanied with travelling abroad. Internet and social media will play a big role in the marketing strategy, as it is the most efficient and direct way to reach our possible guests. A variety of traditional and on-line promotions will be used to advertise competitively our B&B. These will help make Luna Y Comida profitable by the end of the first year of operation. However, the profits will be modest for this first year, but they are expected to grow during the second and third year of operation.

L’objectif de cette thèse porte sur des recherches théoriques et algorithmiques d’optimisation locale et globale via les techniques de programmation DC & DCA, Séparation et Evaluation (SE) ainsi que les techniques de relaxation DC/SDP, pour résoudre plusieurs types de problèmes d’optimisation non convexe (notamment en Optimisation Combinatoire et Optimisation Polynomiale). La thèse comporte quatre parties :La première partie présente les outils fondamentaux et les techniques essentielles en programmation DC & l’Algorithme DC (DCA), ainsi que les techniques de relaxation SDP, et les méthodes de séparation et évaluation (SE).Dans la deuxième partie, nous nous intéressons à la résolution de problèmes de programmation quadratique et linéaire mixte en variables entières. Nous proposons de nouvelles approches locales et globales basées sur DCA, SE et SDP. L’implémentation de logiciel et des simulations numériques sont aussi étudiées.La troisième partie explore des approches de la programmation DC & DCA en les combinant aux techniques SE et SDP pour la résolution locale et globale de programmes polynomiaux. Le programme polynomial avec des fonctions polynomiales homogènes et son application à la gestion de portefeuille avec moments d’ordre supérieur en optimisation financière ont été discutés de manière approfondie dans cette partie.Enfin, nous étudions dans la dernière partie un programme d’optimisation sous contraintes de type matrices semi-définies via nos approches de la programmation DC. Nous nous consacrons à la résolution du problème de réalisabilité des contraintes BMI et QMI en contrôle optimal.L’ensemble de ces travaux a été implémenté avec MATLAB, C/C++ ... nous permettant de confirmer l’utilisation pratique et d’enrichir nos travaux de recherche. / The main objective of this thesis focuses on theoretical and algorithmic researches of local and global optimization techniques to DC programming & DCA with Branch and Bound (B&B) and the DC/SDP relaxation techniques to solve several types of non-convex optimization problems (including Combinatorial Optimization and Polynomial Optimization). This thesis is divided into four parts :We present in the first part some fondamental theorems and essential techniques in DC programming & DC Algorithm (DCA), the SDP Relaxation techniques, as well as the Branch and Bound methods (B&B).In the second part, we are interested in solving mixed integer quadratic and linear programs. We propose new local and global approaches based on DCA, B&B and SDP. The implementation of software and numerical simulations have also been investigated.The third part explores the DC programming approaches & DCA combined with a B&B technique and SDP for locally and globally solving a class of polynomial programming. The polynomial program with homogeneous polynomial functionsand its application to portfolio selection problem involving higher order moments in financial optimization have been deeply studied in this part.Finally, in the last part, we present our research on optimization problems under constraints of semi-definite matrices via our DC programming approaches. This part is dedicated to the resolution of the BMI and QMI feasibility problems in the field of optimal control.All these proposed methods have been implemented with MATLAB, C++ etc., that allowing us to confirm the practical use and enrich our research works.