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Ce travail vise la modélisation au niveau système, en langage SystemC-AMS, et la simulation d'un émetteur-récepteur au standard Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). L'objectif est d'analyser la relation entre les performances, en termes de BER et la consommation d'énergie du transceiver. Le temps de simulation d’un tel système, à partir de cas d’étude (use case) réaliste, est un facteur clé pour le développement d’une telle plateforme. De plus, afin d’obtenir des résultats de simulation le plus précis possible, les modèles « haut niveau » doivent être raffinés à partir de modèles plus bas niveau où de mesure. L'approche dite Meet-in-the-Middle, associée à la méthode de modélisation équivalente en Bande Base (BBE, BaseBand Equivalent), a été choisie pour atteindre les deux conditions requises, à savoir temps de simulation « faible » et précision des résultats. Une simulation globale d'un système de BLE est obtenue en intégrant le modèle de l'émetteur-récepteur dans une plateforme existante développée en SystemC-TLM. La simulation est basée sur un système de communication de deux dispositifs BLE, en utilisant différents scénarios (différents cas d'utilisation de BLE). Dans un premier temps nous avons modélisé et validé chaque bloc d’un transceiver BT. Devant le temps de simulation prohibitif, les blocs RF sont réécrits en utilisant la méthodologie BB, puis raffinés afin de prendre en compte les non-linéarités qui vont impacter le couple consommation, BER. Chaque circuit (chaque modèle) est vérifié séparément, puis une première simulation système (point à point entre un émetteur et un récepteur) est effectuée / This work aims at system-level modelling a defined transceiver for Bluetooth Low energy (BLE) system using SystemC-AMS. The goal is to analyze the relationship between the transceiver performance and the accurate energy consumption. This requires the transceiver model contains system-level simulation speed and the low-level design block power consumption and other RF specifications. The Meet-in-the-Middle approach and the Baseband Equivalent method are chosen to achieve the two requirements above. A global simulation of a complete BLE system is achieved by integrating the transceiver model into a SystemC-TLM described BLE system model which contains the higher-than-PHY levels. The simulation is based on a two BLE devices communication system and is run with different BLE use cases. The transceiver Bit-Error-Rate and the energy estimation are obtained at the end of the simulation. First, we modelled and validated each block of a BT transceiver. In front of the prohibitive simulation time, the RF blocks are rewritten by using the BBE methodology, and then refined in order to take into account the non-linearities, which are going to impact the couple consumption, BER. Each circuit (each model) is separately verified, and then a first BLE system simulation (point-to-point between a transmitter and a receiver) has been executed. Finally, the BER is finally estimated. This platform fulfills our expectations, the simulation time is suitable and the results have been validated with the circuit measurement offered by Riviera Waves Company. Finally, two versions of the same transceiver architecture are modelled, simulated and compared

Les chlorites di/trioctaédriques (cookéite,LiAI4Si3AIOlO(OH)S et sudoïte,Mg2Al3Si 301OAI(OH)g) ont longtemps été exclusivement reportées dans des environnements de très basse pression et basse température. Pourtant, depuis une dizaine d'années, les occurrences de ces minéraux signalées dans des roches pélitiques et bauxitiques métamorphisées sous des conditions de hautes pressions et basses températures se sont multipliées. Dans ce volume sont présentés les résultats de deux études expérimentales indépendantes, entreprises dans les systèmes chimiques Li20 -AI203-Si02-H20 (LASH) et MgO-AI203-Si02-H20 (MASH), montrant que les chlorites di/trioctaédriques sont effectivement stables à haute pression. La bonne précision de l'encadrement de trois courbes d'équilibre impliquant la cookéite et deux impliquant la sudoïte permettent de calculer leurs paramètres thermodynamiques. La première grille pétrogénétique du système LASH, impliquant les phases hydratées bikitaïte et cookéite a été calculée, qui permet de fixer le champ de stabilité de la cookéite entre 250 et 500°C, pour des pressions entre 1 bar et 14 kbar. En combinant les résultats obtenus dans le système MASH avec ceux de mes prédécesseurs, et les coefficients de partage Fe-Mg entre sudoïte, carpholite, chlorite et chloritoïde, calculés à partir d'associations naturelles, il est également possible de calculer une grille pétrogénétiqu pour le système FMASH. Le champ de stabilité de l'association sudoïte + quartz (jusqu'à 7 kbar, 420°C dans le système MASH) diminue rapidement avec une incorporation de Fe dans la sudoïte. L'application des résultats de laboratoire à trois exemples naturels permet d'entrevoir le fort potentiel des associations à cookéite et sudoïte pour typer les conditions poT de roches pélitiques et bauxitiques métamorphisées dans les faciès schistes verts à schistes bleus. Elle permet également de vérifier la très bonne cohérence des deux .grilles pétrogénétiques. Enfin, les calculs des variations de compositions des fluides en équilibre avec les paragénèses du système FMLASH permet de rendre compte des relations de phase observées sur le terrain, et de l'importance des fluides en tant que vecteur d'éléments en solution dans les processus métamorphiques.

This thesis is a personal narrative of my experience as vocal coach on a production of Ken Ludwig's Shakespeare in Hollywood directed by BT McNicholl and performed in the Raymond Hodges Theatre of Virginia Commonwealth University in November 2005. Chapter one covers my identification of the play's vocal and aural challenges; what I did to prepare for those challenges; the research I gathered on 1930s Hollywood prototypes for the play; an examination of Shakespearean verse, especially that in "A Midsummer Night's Dream" and how Ludwig synthesized Shakespeare's verse with that of his own.Chapter two is divided into an account of the rehearsal process; a description of my sessions with the individual actors and an exploration of the dynamics of the vocal coach-director relationship. Chapter three focuses on the finished production and summarizes my response to the experience.

La mobilisation des REE et de l’Hf par un fluide aqueux durant les processus métamorphiques HP-BT peut entraîner des perturbations dans la signature des protolithes et/ou dans les datations obtenues par les systèmes isotopiques Sm-Nd et Lu-Hf. L’étude couplée de la transition éclogite - amphibolite de la localité de Vårdalsneset (WGR, Norvège) et des coefficients de partage des REE et de l’Hf entre un fluide aqueux à NaCl ou à CO2 et le grenat pyrope (P = 3 GPa, T = 800°C) déterminés expérimentalement conduit à deux résultats majeurs. Tout d’abord, une différence d’échelle de mobilité entre les REE (mobiles à l’échelle décimétrique) et l’Hf (mobile à l’échelle du grain) est démontrée. Les signatures des protolithes restent cependant identifiables et les âges modèles Sm-Nd et Lu-Hf des métabasites ne sont pas perturbés, arguant d’une mobilité restreinte des REE. Ensuite; cette étude montre l’influence du CO2 dissous dans le fluide aqueux sur le partage fluide-roche des HREE. L'étude expérimentale indique que les HREE sont incompatibles dans le pyrope en présence d'un fluide à CO2. Ces résultats permettent d’expliquer l’appauvrissement en HREE sous l'effet de fluides à H2O-CO2 ou à CO2 des métabasites de Vårdalsneset. / REE and Hf mobility in aqueous fluids during HP-BT metamorphism can disturb magmatic signatures of protoliths and Sm-Nd and Lu-Hf dating. This study performed on both natural samples from Vårdalsneset (WGR, Norway) and experimental estimates of REE and Hf partition coefficients between aqueous fluid with NaCl or CO2 and pyrope (P = 3 GPa, T = 800°C) highlights two main results. Firstly, REE can be mobilized at the sample scale (tens of centimetres) whereas Hf is only mobilized at the grain scale. Magmatic signatures of protoliths are nevertheless recognizable and Nd and Hf model ages are not disturbed, that suggests slight mobility of REE. Secondly, an aqueous fluid with CO2 induces an incompatible behaviour of HREE in pyrope, which can explain the depletion in HREE of the metabasites of Vårdalsneset in presence of a H2O-CO2 or CO2 fluid.

This thesis undertakes an interdisciplinary analysis of new Church of England liturgies (Common Worship) from an ecotheological point of view: making use of reader response theory, literary analysis, a social scientific survey, liberation theology, environmental and political ethics and liturgical theology. Chapter 1 considers the theological, political and sociological influences on liturgical reform, which include, inculturation, the expression of ethics in the prayer of the Church, liberation theologies, technology, and agrarianism. Chapter 2 considers methods of liturgical change and the scope for making creation visible in liturgy. Chapter 3 finds justification in reader response theory for determining ecotheological priorities for critiquing liturgy. Analysis of Common Worship texts occurs: in Chapter 4, using literary analysis; in Chapter 5 via social scientific survey of clergy using Common Worship; Chapter 6 looks in details at Collects and Post Communions and undertakes an ecotheological rewriting of 9 sample texts. Chapter 7 identifies lessons for liturgical revision in general and for eco-liturgical reform in particular, paying particular attention to the dissonant creation theologies unearthed in Common Worship, the necessity for future revisions, and the importance and implication of technological change for liturgical writers and commentators.

Representations of the Holy Trinity have increasingly come under scrutiny, exposing two competing paradigms at opposite ends of the theological spectrum: the legitimacy and the illegitimacy of imaging the Triune God with focus on the invisible Father who was imaged as an individual from Late Antiquity and beyond. An overview of these two conflicting views has unveiled a number of inconsistencies in how the Early Christian iconography of God the Father and the Trinity has been interpreted. This thesis provides a unique re-evaluation of the surviving Trinitarian visual material between c.300 to c.730. Primarily, this study collates pictorial evidence preserved in the mediums of sarcophagi, catacomb frescoes, mosaics, illuminated manuscripts and an icon that depicts Divinity. It proceeds to critique modern misconceptions of the identity, form, meaning, function and reception of the depictions. The thesis traces the visual shift amid overt and covert images of Divinity by decoding important artworks such as the Ashburnham Pentateuch and the Codex Amiatinus; Christians visualised explicitly the ' invisibility' of God but created an unprecedented invention, the depiction of the Father through Christ's image. The innovative depiction heralded future visual formulas of Divinity echoing the complexities of Trinitarian material culture of the Mediterranean world.

A broca-da-cana Diatraeasaccharalis(Fabricius) é uma das pragas-alvo do milho geneticamente modificado que expressagene(s) que codifica(m) proteína(s) de BacillusthuringiensisBerliner(milho Bt) no Brasil. Para estabelecer estratégias proativas de manejo de resistência, os objetivos do presente trabalho foram (1)estabelecer linhas-básicas de suscetibilidade à proteína Cry1F de B. thuringiensisem populações de D. saccharalis coletadas nas principais regiões produtoras de milho no Brasil na safra de 2010/2011, (2) realizar monitoramentoda suscetibilidade de populações de D. saccharalis na safra 2011/2012 e (3) avaliar a atividade biológica do milho Bt (evento TC1507) em diferentes estádios fenológicos no controle de D. saccharalis em condições laboratoriais. Para a caracterização das linhas-básicas de suscetibilidade foram realizados bioensaios com a proteína purificada Cry1F aplicada superficialmente em dieta artificial.As CL50 de Cry1F estimadas variaram de 0,47 a 7,02 ng de Cry1F/ cm2 dieta artificial para as populações avaliadas (variação de ?15 vezes). Foi definida e validada a concentração diagnóstica de 112 ng de Cry1F/cm²,baseada na estimativa da CL99 das populações testadas para o monitoramento da suscetibilidade. A avaliação da atividade biológica de milho Bt (evento TC1507) foi realizada com dois híbridos (Pioneer 30F35 e Dow 2B688) nos estádios fenológicos V3, V6 e V9 e em duas épocas de plantio. Alta atividade de controle de D. saccharalis foi obtida para os dois híbridos de milho Bt nos diferentes estádios fenológicos e épocas de plantio. Portanto, verificou-se que a espécie D. saccharalis é altamente suscetível à proteína Cry1F. Contudo, a implementação de estratégias de manejo da resistência é de fundamental importância para preservar a vida útil da tecnologia de milho Bt como importante ferramenta em programas de MIP. / The sugarcane borer Diatraeasaccharalis (Fabricius) is one of the target pests of genetically modified maizeexpressinggenes that code for insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt maize) in Brazil. To implement proactive resistance management strategies, we leaded studies (1) to establish baseline susceptibility to Cry1F protein from B. thuringiensis in populations of D. saccharalis collected from major maize production regions in Brazil during 2010/2011 growing season, (2) to leadsusceptibility monitoring in populations of D. saccharalis collected in 2011/2012 growing season, and (3) to assess the biological activity of Bt maize (event TC1507) at different growth stages forD. saccharaliscontrol under laboratory conditions. The baseline susceptibility wascharacterizedwith purified protein Cry1F applied superficially on artificial diet. The estimatesof LC50 of Cry1F ranged from 0.47 to 7.02 ng Cry1F/cm2of artificial diet for the populations evaluated (? 15-fold variation).A diagnostic concentration of 112 ng Cry1F/cm ² was defined and validated for monitoring the susceptibility based on estimation of CL99 of all tested populations. The biological activity of Bt maize (event TC1507) was assessed by using two hybrids (Pioneer 30F35 and Dow 2B688) at growth stages V3, V6 and V9 and two planting seasons. High level of D. saccharaliscontrol was obtained for the twoBt maize hybrids at different growth stages and planting seasons. Therefore, we conclude that D. saccharalis is highly susceptible to Cry1F protein. However, implementation of insect resistance management strategies is essentialin order to preserve the lifetime of Bttechnology as an important tool in IPM programs.

Background: Performance measurement as a management control tool has received considerable academic attention. As the number of inter-organisational relationships, such as customer-supplier relationships, increases, there is a new scope for performance measurement as a management control tool. In order for a company to assess the effectiveness of its supplier relationships it has to define, measure and evaluate variables that are critical for the success of the relationship. The role of management control, and thereby of performance measurement, has increasingly been discussed in theory. However, empirical research in this area is still somewhat limited. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to analyse how performance measurement in inter-organisational relationships should be designed in order to be effective. Results: Theory which is applicable on performance measurement as a control tool in general also appears to be applicable on performance measurement as a control tool in inter-organisational relationships. Exactly which requirements performance measurement should meet, in order to be effective, is difficult to establish since they often imply a trade-off between different factors. In order to be effective, performance measurement partly needs to be adjusted to the situation, which adds yet a dimension to, and difficulty of, performance measurement in inter-organisational relationships.