My thesis aims to show that Wittgensteins view of rule-following involves a misleading picture of the rule. Since he saw the rule as something fundamentally independent of the rule-follower and something with which the rule-follower must comply, he inevitably became entangled in the paradox of compliance: that is, the idea that there must be something other than the rule-follower for rule-following to exist, even though he knew that there was really nothing there to guide the rule-follower or to measure his action. This paradox, dimly expressed within key Wittgensteinian problems relating to how one is able to follow a rule and whether one can follow a rule privately, eventually gave rise to the question over the social nature of rules. In that debate, Wittgensteins commentators vigorously argued, and continue to argue, whether the concept of rule-following presupposes a community of practitioners or not. I argue that this debate itself is misguided, since both sides in this debate take as their starting point a picture of compliance which sees rule and rule-follower as essentially different. In contrast to a compliant picture, I offer a different picture of the rule, which I will call the pliant picture of the rule. I will show that rule and rule-follower are fundamentally the same, and are related to one another, not socially or grammatically, but genealogically. This relationship of identity is in fact exhibited in the relationship between teacher and pupil, when the pupil becomes what his teacher already is through following his teacher. Although compliance can be said to define this relationship initially, it ends with the pupil learning, or becoming, the rule. To conceive of the rule in this way is to avoid the paradox of compliance; that is, it is to go beyond Wittgensteins picture of a paradox.

L'objet général de ce travail est l'étude de la convergence des méthodes classiques<br />de calcul approché des racines d'un polynôme à coefficients complexes. Les méthodes<br />considérées sont celles de Bernoulli et de Graeffe-Dandelin. On montre que ces <br />questions de convergence sont liées à des problèmes diophantiens et que les<br />théorèmes d'aapproximation de Dirichlet et surtout la méthode de Baker fournissent<br />des résultats de convergence nouveaux qui s'appliquent aux polynômes à coefficients<br />entiers. De nombreux exemples calculés en MAPLE, y sont présentés et analysés.

Cette thèse se divise en deux parties. La première est consacrée aux points entiers sur les courbes modulaires, et l'autre se concentre sur les courbes elliptiques à couplages.Dans la première partie, nous donnons quelques majorations effectives de la hauteur des j-invariants des points entiers sur les courbes modulaires quelconques associées aux sous-groupes de congruence sur les corps de nombres quelconques en supposant que le nombre des pointes est au moins 3. De plus, dans le cas d'un groupe de Cartan non-déployé nous fournissons de meilleures bornes. Comme application, nous obtenons des résultats similaires pour certaines courbes modulaires avec moins de 3 pointes.Dans la deuxième partie, nous donnons une nouvelle majoration du nombre de classes d'isogénie de courbes elliptiques ordinaires à couplages. Nous analysons également la méthode de Cocks-Pinch pour confirmer certaines de ses propriétés communément conjecturées. Par ailleurs, nous présentons la première analyse heuristique connue qui suggère que toute construction efficace de courbes elliptiques à couplages peut engendrer efficacement de telles courbes sur tout corps à couplages. Enfin, quelques données numériques allant dans ce sens sont données.

With recent increases in mineral prices, the Canadian Arctic has experienced a dramatic upswing in mining development and exploration. The communities living in close proximity to proposed mining are poised to experience dramatic change in the face of industrial development and an injection of wage employment. With the development of the Meadowbank gold mine, the nearby Hamlet of Baker Lake, Nunavut is currently experiencing these changes firsthand. In response to an invitation from the Hamlet of Baker Lake, this research seeks to document Baker Lake residents’ experiences with the Meadowbank mine. During two months of fieldwork in 2010 and 2011, these experiences - manifest in stories, opinions and concerns - were recorded. It is evident that the community has changed with the opening of the mine. The employment rates and income have increased, and there have been resulting decreases in food insecurity, increases in hunting participation and increased hope for the future of Baker Lake. However, these outcomes are not felt homogeneously across the community; indeed, residents’ experiences with mining have been mixed. Beyond this core finding, the research suggests four further notable insights. First, employment has provided the opportunity for people to elevate themselves out of welfare/social assistance, provide for their families and pay down debts. Second, the pursuit of high school and post-secondary education has become more common, but some students are leaving high school to pursue mine work. Third, local businesses are benefiting from mining contracts, but this is generally limited to those companies that had the capital and equipment in place before the mine; economic diversification and the development of small business have been minimal. Finally, varied individual experiences are in part generated by an individual’s context; that is, the experience of the mine is conditioned by personal context (finances, education, family, personal history) and personal choices (e.g. alcohol vs. debt repayment, unskilled mine employment vs. education/training). The documentation of these experiences is useful not just for our understating of mining’s impacts on Aboriginal communities, but also for the efforts of the Hamlet of Baker Lake and higher government authorities to develop mitigation measures including niche programs.

No description available.

The purpose of this study was to analyze, using a medium term scenario of three years, the impact 9f the Baker Plan on the economies of fifteen debt laden countries. A central argument of this scenario was to assess whether growth and creditworthiness would be restored in these countries. A model using projections of debt service, imports, exports and capital requirements was developed to test these variables. Baker's package of $29 billion over three years (1985-1988) was contrasted with the model projections. The findings showed that, in the short-term, Baker's proposal will fall short of restoring growth and creditworthiness. However, the supply side policies suggested by Baker Initiative are the right way to go if the indebted countries are to resume growth and creditworthiness in the long run.

Christian Science is one of several religious groups with doctrines that suggest that medical use hinders spiritual development and/or is ineffective. Because of the beliefs, Christian Science has faced controversy in both Canada and the United States, and experiences difficulty maintaining a committed following. In some cases, Scientists who choose to rely on Christian Science risk increased pain or death for themselves or their children. This study seeks to identify the influences that Scientists face when deciding upon a healthcare option for themselves and their children. I applied interpretative phenomenological analysis to eleven interviews with current Canadian Scientists and one interview with a former Scientist. In addition, I analyzed biographies, church policies and doctrines, Canadian laws, and relevant court cases to contextualize my data. I concluded that Scientists use diverse forms of healthcare (some of which may be risky).

viii, 77 p. : ill. / The focus of this study was a free site-specific dance and music performance for the general public in Alton Baker Park (Eugene, Oregon), designed to enhance public engagement with the park and with dance. Collaborative processes with participating dancers, composers, and musicians fostered community building between the artists. Informing literature covers the impact of site-specific dance performances on communities, choreographic methodology, the history of site-specific artwork, the impact on, and consideration of, the audience in site-specific projects, and collaboration in the arts. Consideration of the surrounding community and the inherent political nature of site-specific work directly influenced every decision throughout the process. Themes emerged from the focus on building community, engaging the patrons with the site, and investigating process. Themes include the Culminating Performance, Common Values, Collaboration, Audience, Process, Journaling and Research, and a Final Summary. Reflection on the process reveals insights and suggestions for future endeavors. / Committee in charge: Dr. Jenifer P. Craig, Chairperson; Christian Cherry, Member; Walter Kennedy, Member

Att översätta är en konst. I den här uppsatsen undersöker jag William A. Lyells och Gladys och Xianyi Yangs översättningar av Lu Xuns novell Den sanna historien om Ah Q. Med hjälp av Mona Bakers översättningsstrategier om icke-ekvivalens på ordnivå och med hjälp av två egna översättningsstrategier har jag jämfört de båda översättningarna i syfte att se vilka av översättningsstrategierna som används och hur frekvent de används i de olika översättningarna. Jag har även undersökt om det finns skillnader vad gäller användning av de olika översättningsstrategierna och slutligen jämfört mina resultat med resultaten från en liknande undersökning som gjorts, nämligen Evelina Harrysons undersökning från 2012. Mina resultat visar att alla Mona Bakers översättningsstrategier om icke-ekvivalens på ordnivå används i de båda jämförda översättningarna, men att William A. Lyell har varit mer generös med sin användning av dem. De översättningsstrategier som handlar om att göra omskrivningar, lägga till ord, ta bort ord och att översätta till kulturella ersättare är de fyra mest använda strategierna i båda översättningarna. Kanske är dessa de som används mest frekvent på grund av att kinesiska och engelska är så olika språk, och de enklaste sätten att hantera detta är för översättaren att göra omskrivningar, lägga till ord, ta bort ord eller ersätta ord med en kulturell motsvarighet.

Nous étudions ici deux problèmes diophantiens distincts. Le premier concerne les points entiers sur les courbes modulaires associées au normalisateur de sous-groupe de Cartan non déployé. Le deuxième concerne la recherche de point de multiplication complexe sur les droites. Dans les deux cas la méthode de résolution est algorithmique. On utilise la méthode de Baker sur les formes linéaires en logarithmes ainsi que des méthodes de réduction effectives. En particulier cette méthode permet d’obtenir les points entiers sur la courbe associée au normalisateur de sous-groupe de Cartan non déployé pour les niveaux compris entre 7 et 71. / We study here two diophantine problem. The first one deals with integral point on modular curves associated to normalizer of non-split Cartan subgroup. The second one is about finding singular moduli on straight line. In both cases, we solve theproblem in an algorithmic way. We use Baker’s method on linear form in logarithm and some effective technical of reduction. In particular this method gives integral points on the curve associated to normalizer of non-split Cartan subgroup for level between 7 and 71.