Thesis advisor: Kevin Newmark / India featured in a large number of performances on the nineteenth-century French stage. The term “contact zones” coined by Mary Louise Pratt in her article “Arts of the Contact Zone” designates spaces where two cultures “meet, clash, and grapple with each other” (34). The nineteenth-century French stage functioned as an ideal contact zone, providing a dynamic forum for the construction of French and Indian identities. My corpus is selected to demonstrate the breadth and diversity of India as a trope in nineteenth-century theatrical performances. In the dissertation, I analyze the plays both as text and performance. In addition, I situate the plays within the context of their time. Theater reviews are an important tool in achieving this contextualization: they allow a play to be studied in situ, giving a glimpse of the social, political, and cultural circumstances surrounding the production. The effects of a turbulent political and social environment are studied by investigating shifts in audience reactions to the same play or to a similar one over a period of time. The study considers an author’s avowed intentions, as recorded in an accompanying preface, along with both the text of the play and the audience response chronicled in press reviews, to see if intention, expression, and reception coincide. The effort is to understand the play as a dynamic event that occurs simultaneously in two directions. On the one hand, the play is shaped by its environment; on the other, it works to inform and influence the audiences who witness it. The nuanced interaction between the Self and the Other is rendered more visible through this approach. With the support of colonial and post-colonial theories such as Orientalism, subalterneity, and hybridity, the issues that are disclosed in this analysis of nineteenth-century French theater are rendered current and relevant. The dissertation is composed of three main chapters. Each chapter is unified in theme, viz. Historical drama, Bayadères, and Sanskrit drama. Different plays with similar themes or different adaptations of the same play are compared to each other. Shifts in time and perspective are recorded, both in the creation as well as the reception of these plays. The treatment of stereotypes is studied in all three chapters. In addition, for each chapter, a specific issue that is particular to that section of the corpus is highlighted: problems of veracity in ostensibly factual historical accounts for Historical drama, the challenges of reconciling reality with imagination (contrasting the actual visit of Indian dancers in France to the theatrical representations of bayadères) for the chapter on bayadères, and challenges of translation for Sanskrit drama. This reveals the complex underpinnings of plays that could appear banal at first glance. The dissertation unfolds the manner in which the French contend with India in the role of the Other during the nineteenth century, when interest in India was at its peak in France. Even when reduced to a finite number of stereotypes, India is perceived as a space of excess; its complex and multifaceted nature is exacerbated by its size and distance from France. India is found to be overwhelming and beyond the reach of French possession, physical or ideological. India cannot be easily co-opted into French narratives of identity-formation: any construction of national, racial or cultural identity, whether of the French Self or the Indian Other, is shown to be unstable. Over the course of the nineteenth century, India reverts to being the place of myth and fantasy it has been since medieval times. Nevertheless, traces of India’s presence on the nineteenth-century stage linger in twenty-first century France in subtle but unmistakable ways. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2018. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Romance Languages and Literatures.

Le monde des arts est en pleine effervescence au début du XXe siècle, après le scandale déclenché par l’exposition des œuvres des Fauves au Salon d’Automne de 1905. Loin de cette agitation, les décors de scène sont réalisés par des décorateurs professionnels qui restent attachés aux procédés traditionnels. En 1909, l’arrivée des Ballets russes au Châtelet marque une rupture dans la conception du rôle du peintre dans le ballet. En 1919, alors que la compagnie jouit d’une grande renommée, Serge Diaghilev commande à André Derain les décors et les costumes de La Boutique Fantasque. Au sortir de la guerre où il a servi, Derain saisit cette fabuleuse occasion de remonter sur la scène artistique. Grâce au succès du ballet, c’est une longue série de collaborations fructueuses avec le monde du spectacle qui débute pour le peintre. Entre 1919 et 1953, Derain conçoit les décors et les costumes de deux pièces de théâtre, deux opéras, treize ballets et élabore de nombreux projets qui n’ont jamais été créés. Il rédige également plusieurs arguments, participe à la mise en musique de certaines de ces œuvres, réalisations auxquelles s’ajoutent les idées qu’il apporte à la mise en scène et à la chorégraphie. Cette étude met en lumière l’importance de l’œuvre scénique d’André Derain et ses particularités. Son travail révèle une richesse jusqu’alors méconnue et inexploitée. Notre étude permet ainsi de donner un nouvel éclairage sur le peintre et son œuvre. Artiste accompli et aux multiples facettes, Derain ne s’est pas contenté du rôle de décorateur, sa passion pour la musique et le théâtre l’ont, bien plus encore, amené à se poser en véritable créateur de ballets. / In the early twentieth century the art world was bubbling with excitement following the scandal caused by the exhibition of work by members of the Fauves movement at the 1905 Salon d’Automne. Away from this fuss, stage sets were being created by set designers who remained attached to traditional methods. In 1909 the arrival of the Ballets Russes at Châtelet marked a breaking away from the understanding of the scenic artist’s role. In 1919, when the company was immensely famous, Serge Diaghilev commissioned Andre Derain to create sets and costumes for La Boutique Fantasque. Having served in the War, Derain grasped this fabulous opportunity to return to the world of art. The success of the ballet heralded a series of fruitful collaborations between him and the world of show business. Between 1919 and 1953, Derain created sets and costumes for two plays, two operas and thirteen ballets, as well as working on several uncompleted projects. He also wrote several librettos and was involved in the musical setting of some of these works, achievements that added to the ideas that he brought to the staging and choreography. This research highlights the importance of Derain’s stage work and its special features. This reveals the hitherto unrecognized and untapped wealth of his work. Our study thus sheds a new light on the painter and his creations. A skilled and multi-faceted artist and not content with his role as designer, Derain’s passion for music and theatre begs a true creator of ballets.

This project compares the career of the early 20th century ballet dancer, Vaslav Nijinsky, to Friedrich Nietzsche’s theory of the tragic arts. In The Birth of Tragedy (1872) and elsewhere, Nietzsche argues that artists play the central role in communal mythmaking and religious renewal; he prescribes the healing work of the “tragic artist” to save modernity from the decadence and nihilism he identifies in scientism, historicism, and Christianity. As a dancer, and especially as a choreographer for the Ballets Russes (1912-1913), Nijinsky staged a kinetic response to modern culture that not only displayed shared concerns with Nietzsche, but also, as I argue, allow him to be interpreted as Nietzsche’s archetypical tragic artist. By juxtaposing the philologist-philosopher and dancer-choreographer as artists, I situate the emergence of Modern Art as a nascent movement still bound to Romanticism even while rebelling against it, and as an attempt to reinterpret art in a mythic (and thoroughly modern) context.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Kent State University, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Jan. 21, 2010). Advisor: Ralph Lorenz. Keywords: jazz, music, theory, George Macdonald, ballet, harmony, tertian, harmonics analysis, dissonance, consonance, orchestra. Includes bibliographical references (p. 130-140).

La version intégrale de ce mémoire est disponible uniquement pour consultation individuelle à la Bibliothèque de musique de l’Université de Montréal (www.bib.umontreal.ca/MU). / Ce mémoire comprend à la fois l’analyse et les partitions de toutes les oeuvres que j’ai composées tout au long de ma maîtrise, ainsi que les documents nécessaires à leur écoute et visionnement. Les analyses détaillées porteront essentiellement sur les pièces « Sirus-l’étoile double » pour orchestre symphonique et « La légende d’Astre d’Or » pour orchestre à vent, qui sont deux oeuvres de concert d’environ vingt minutes chacune et qui ont fait l’objet d’une commande par des orchestres amateurs. Le reste du mémoire sera consacré à quelques petites pièces de concert ainsi qu’un chapitre essentiel qui portera sur les musiques de sept petits films d’animation 2D et 3D d’étudiants finissants. Il ne s’agira donc pas de porter essentiellement l’analyse de l’ensemble des oeuvres de ce mémoire sur le côté intellectuel de la construction de chaque thème ou de chaque motif, mais évidemment sur la relation qu’elles entretiennent avec une histoire ou et des images ainsi que les émotions qui en découlent. / This thesis includes analysis and scores for every work I have composed as part of my Master’s degree, as well as documents necessary for listening and viewing. The detailed analyses essentially concern the work “Sirus-l'étoile double” for symphony orchestra and the work “La légende d’Astre d’Or” for wind orchestra, both of which are about twenty minutes in length and were the result of a commission from amateur orchestras. The rest of the memoir is dedicated to some short concert works and an essential chapter about music for students of 2D and 3D animated short films. The purpose of these analyses concerns not so much the intellectual side of the construction of every subject or motif, but the relationship the music has with a particular story and or image as well as the feelings that ensue from it.

Huit paires de jambes jaillissant de l’eau simultanément et scandant des mouvements identiques au rythme fulgurant d’une musique entraînante. Voilà ce que l’on retient généralement des ballets de natation synchronisée que proposent les retransmissions télévisées d’épreuves sportives internationales. Alors que les journalistes et les spectateurs témoignent de leur émerveillement face à ces réalisations, on pourrait légitimement s’interroger sur la teneur musicale, entre collages, arrangements et compositions inédites, de ces manifestations sportives. En s’intéressant d’un peu plus près à ce monde sportif on découvrirait qu’un compositeur, Jean-Michel Collet, collabore depuis 1996, avec l’équipe de France de natation synchronisée. Une série de questions se poserait alors : pourquoi un musicien collabore-t-il avec cette équipe ? Comment des entraîneures et un musicien arrivent-ils à travailler ensemble ? Sur la base de quels critères (musicaux et/ou sportifs) ces acteurs parviennent-ils à coordonner leurs actions pour créer une musique de ballet ? En somme, comment analyser les processus de création musicale en natation synchronisée ? Dans son enquête, l’auteure mobilise les outils de la musicologie et de la sociologie pour faire saillir les caractéristiques stylistiques de ces musiques de ballet. L’analyse des documents formant le corpus de cette thèse (transcriptions musi-chorégraphiques, entretiens, compte rendus d’observation, corpus journalistique, etc.) montre notamment que « faire la musique » en natation synchronisée relève de savoirs et de savoir-faire inscrits dans une tradition sportive, de l’utilisation et de l’appropriation de conventions, de négociations et autres compromis qui témoignent de la dimension éminemment collective des processus de création artistique. / Eight pairs of legs simultaneously arising from the water, and with identical movements marking the lightning rhythm of a lively music. This is the vision one usually holds from a broadcasted synchronized swimming international competition. Sportscasters and viewers giving rave reviews on skills and figures, it seems rightful to question the value of the music heard with these routines, be it a mix, an arrangement, or an original composition.Investigations conducted within the synchronized swimming world reveal that a composer, Jean-Michel Collet, is a long-time associate to the French national team. Questions arise: why does a musician commit to working in such an environment? How do different partners, i.e. coaches, one musician, manage to work hand-in-hand? What are the criteria, musical and/or athletic, that both parties need to meet, in order to make water ballet music happen? In short, how can the creative processes in music, concerning synchronized swimming, be addressed and analyzed?Analytical methods used in musicology and sociology are called upon by the inquiring author, in order to point out the stylistic characteristics of water ballet music. At the core of this research work, analysis of multiple documents, e.g. transcribed sheet music using ballet marks, records of interviews, on-site personal collections of data, news articles, shows that “music making” in synchronized swimming falls under the law of a tradition in sports, with its own rules and know-how. Actors in both fields need to grasp and take advantage of conventions. Negotiations and other kinds of settlements establish the fact that interaction and teamwork are major components found in the creative processes.

La compagnie des Ballets russes, fondée par Diaghilev en 1911, constitue un tournant dans l’histoire de la scène occidentale. Reprenant le principe de l’œuvre d’art totale, la troupe propose des spectacles composés par des peintres, des chorégraphes et des musiciens. Leur succès est fulgurant et leur influence décisive. Cette thèse se propose d’étudier la réception des Ballets russes en Espagne. Alors que l’Europe est en guerre, la Péninsule constitue une terre d’accueil propice aux échanges. Les intellectuels du pays s’interrogent sur les possibilités de rénover la scène théâtrale et sont attentifs aux expériences qui viennent de l’étranger. Les ballets que propose la compagnie entrent en résonnance avec leurs propres préoccupations. Ils posent à la fois la question de la tradition au sein de la modernité, du national et du cosmopolitisme et s’exportent à l’étranger. Ce travail s’attache à confronter les différentes réceptions qui sont simultanément menées dans les deux capitales culturelles de l’Espagne au moment où les régionalismes s’affirment toujours plus. La présentation de l’état des lieux de la scène espagnole constitue le premier moment de cette thèse. La deuxième partie est entièrement consacrée à la première saison (1916) que la compagnie donne en Espagne ainsi qu’aux débats auxquels elle donne lieu. Les troisième et quatrième parties mettent en miroir les lectures qui sont faites à Madrid puis à Barcelone et présentent les singularités de chacune des deux capitales culturelles du pays. / The Ballets Russes company was founded by Diaghilev in 1911, and marked a turning point in the history of the Western European stage art. Taking up the Gesamtkunstwerk, the company offered shows composed by painters, choreographers and musicians. Their success was immediate and their influence was decisive. This work will examine how the Ballets Russes were received in Spain. The Spanish peninsula offered a fertile ground for exchange while Europe was at war, with the country's intellectuals wondering about how to renew the theatre scene and being receptive to foreign experiments on the matter. The ballets offered by the company reflected those concerns by addressing the question of the role of tradition within modernity as well as the concepts of nationalism and cosmopolitism while managing to find an audience abroad. This study aims at confronting the simultaneous reception of the Ballets Russes in the two cultural capitals of Spain at a time when regionalism was becoming increasingly strong. The first part will give a description of the Spanish theatre and arts scene. The second part will be entirely dedicated to the company’s first season in Spain (1916) and to the debates it raised. The third and fourth parts will deal with the way the ballets were received and understood in Madrid and Barcelona, through a presentation of the particularities of each of these two cultural capitals. / La compañía de los Ballets russes, fundada por Diaghilev en 1911, constituye un momento relevante de la historia de la escena occidental. Inspirándose del principio del Gesamtkunstwerk wagneriano, la compañía presenta espectáculos compuestos por pintores, coreógrafos y compositores. Su éxito es enorme y su influencia decisiva. Esta tesis estudia la recepción de los Ballets russes en España. Durante la Primera Guerra Mundial, la Península aparece como una tierra de acogida propicia a los intercambios. Los intelectuales españoles se interrogan sobre las posibilidades de renovar la escena teatral y están atentos a las experiencias realizadas en el extranjero. Las obras estrenadas por la compañía llaman su atención. Compaginan la tradición y la modernidad, lo nacional y el cosmopolitismo y se exportan al extranjero. Este estudio presenta una comparación entre las diferentes recepciones llevadas a cabo en las dos capitales culturales españolas en un momento en que los regionalismos se afirman cada vez más. Una presentación general de la escena español de aquel entonces constituye el primer momento de esta tesis. La segunda etapa se centra en la primera temporada rusa que la compañía presenta en España (1916) así como en los debates que surgen entonces. Las etapas 3 y 4 estudian las recepciones que tienen lugar en Madrid y en Barcelona comparando las características de cada una de las capitales culturales del país.

Cette thèse analyse le mythe fondateur des Mille et une nuits, ou « mythe de Shéhérazade », par une approche psychanalytique et comparatiste. Nous mettons en évidence que le récit-cadre des Nuits constitue un récit mythique, miroir de l’imaginaire collectif, qui révèle la place de la femme, du féminin et du maternel dans le processus de civilisation.En effet, les Nuits s’ouvrent sur un double adultère et un double meurtre: deux femmes, sultanes, trompent leur époux avec un esclave noir. Ce désir féminin transgressif est le déclencheur de tout le recueil. Il constitue le péché originel qui entraîne la déchéance et le chaos. Shahrayar, tel le patriarche de la horde primitive freudienne, se venge et instaure le meurtre de la femme comme loi. La parole infinie de Shéhérazade, à la fois amante et mère, crée une zone transitionnelle féconde et mène le sultan à renoncer à la jouissance éphémère pour entrer dans le champ de la sublimation et du symbolique. Par la fonction symbolique du langage, la conteuse conduit le tyran à advenir sujet, parlêtre, soumis aux lois fondamentales de la civilisation.Nous analysons l’évolution de la dialectique du féminin, du maternel et des lois symboliques dans les réécritures, imitations, pastiches, perversions, parodies, tragédies, suites et adaptations musicales du mythe de Shéhérazade du XVIIIe au XXIe siècle. / This thesis analyzes the founding myth of the Arabian Nights, or « myth of Scheherazade », with a psychoanalytical and comparative approach. This research points that the frame story of the Nights is a mythical story that constitutes the mirror of the collective imagination, which reveals the place of the woman, the feminine and the maternal in the process of civilization.The Nights open on a double adultery and a double murder scene: two sultanas commit adultery with a black slave. This transgressive feminine desire is the trigger of the Arabian Nights' collection. It constitutes the original sin that leads to the forfeiture and the chaos. Shahrayar, such as the patriarch of the Freudian primal horde, decides to take revenge on them and institutes as a law the murder of women. The infinite word of Scheherazade, who is at the same time lover and mother, creates a transitional fertile space and leads the sultan to give up the temporally enjoyment to enter the field of the sublimation and symbolism. With the symbolic function of the language, the storyteller leads the tyrant to become parlêtre, subject to the fundamental laws of civilization.We examine the rewritings, imitations, pastiches, perversions, parodies, tragedies, continuations and musical adaptations of the myth of Scheherazade from eighteenth to the twenty-first century, to analyze the dialectic’s evolution of the feminine, the maternal and the symbolic laws.

Title page, table of contents and abstract; v.2: table of contents; v.3: table of contents only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University of Adelaide Library. / This doctoral submission comprises three volumes and is entitled Twistonality: A Personal Exploration. Volume One consists of a portfolio of eleven original compositions, Volume Two is an exegesis and Volume Three contains live and/or computer-generated recordings of the music. The works are scored for a variety of instrumental and vocal combinations. The compositions explore the use of tonality as a basis for the creation of a uniquely personal style which incorporates musical gestures encountered in both traditional and contemporary performance practice. The term 'twistonality', devised for this submission, refers to a musical language in which a composer may express original ideas by twisting forms and tonal structures already resident in the conscious or subconscious memory in order to reflect his or her emotional reality as experienced through music. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1283916 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Elder Conservatorium of Music, 2007

Title page, table of contents and abstract; v.2: table of contents; v.3: table of contents only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University of Adelaide Library. / This doctoral submission comprises three volumes and is entitled Twistonality: A Personal Exploration. Volume One consists of a portfolio of eleven original compositions, Volume Two is an exegesis and Volume Three contains live and/or computer-generated recordings of the music. The works are scored for a variety of instrumental and vocal combinations. The compositions explore the use of tonality as a basis for the creation of a uniquely personal style which incorporates musical gestures encountered in both traditional and contemporary performance practice. The term 'twistonality', devised for this submission, refers to a musical language in which a composer may express original ideas by twisting forms and tonal structures already resident in the conscious or subconscious memory in order to reflect his or her emotional reality as experienced through music. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1283916 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Elder Conservatorium of Music, 2007