The majority of adolescents diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and admitted to a psychiatric hospital in Gauteng complained of being tired of 1'talk therapy" . This study used imagery as a technique in the treatment of two adolescents suffering from MDD. The initial identification was based on the results of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). After a number of sessions of implementing imagery techniques, the BDI was readministered. To determine the long-term effectiveness of imagery, the BDI was again administered a month-and-a-half after completion of the sessions. The results before and after indicate a reduction in the severity of depression. The results at the month-and-a-half follow-up session indicated a further reduction in the level of depression in both cases. This indicates the long-tenn effectiveness of imagery in treating depression. Further research is required, but there are significant indications that imagery may be an effective technique in the treatment of depressed adolescents under psychiatric supervision. / Educational studies / M.Ed (Guidance and Counseling)

Orientador: Renato José Pinto Ortiz / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T23:11:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Arnaut_Danilo_M.pdf: 1010165 bytes, checksum: 20da96856c75d0759d2b833cd3797776 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Esta dissertação materializa um conjunto de reflexões a respeito dos trabalhos de Octavio Ianni e Ulrich Beck sobre os processos de globalização. Trata-se de uma sociologia dessas sociologias que objetiva investigar a própria cognoscibilidade desses processos através dos elementos que orientam a criação sociológica desses autores / Abstract: This dissertation is based on a set of analyses of the works of Octavio Ianni, and Ulrich Beck on the processes of globalization. It constitutes a sociology of these sociologies which aims to investigate the very cognoscibility of these processes through the elements that have driven the author¿s sociological creation / Mestrado / Sociologia / Mestre em Sociologia

PAPER COPY ACCOMPANIED BY A DVD OF CHILDREN'S PARTICIPATION IN THE WORKSHOPS. This research project investigated the potential of African drumming to enhance the emotional and social well-being of children in residential care. Sixteen children from the Epworth Children’s Village in South Africa were purposively selected to participate in the study. The majority of participants had been exposed to some form of neglect and/or abuse and displayed high levels of anger, anxiety, depression and/or disruptive behaviour. Mixed in terms of gender and ethnicity, they fell within the middle childhood stage of development. The participants attended weekly sessions of African djembe drumming over a period of four months. Principles and practices of indigenous African music making formed the foundation of the drum circle facilitation approach used. Gestalt theory, as applied in Gestalt play therapy, provided the theoretical framework from which the therapeutic dimensions of African drumming were explored. A mixed methods approach, using both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and analysis, was employed. For the quantitative component, participants completed the Beck Youth Inventories, measuring self-concept, anxiety, depression, anger and disruptive behaviour, before and after the project. Concerning the qualitative aspects, focused observations were conducted wherein all video-recorded workshops were regularly and systematically analysed to assess the children’s emotional and social functioning. Furthermore, semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted with relevant staff members and children, respectively, in an attempt to explore the value and feasibility of presenting such a programme within the residential care setting. According to the Inventories’ pre- and post-test results, the intervention did not appear to significantly impact upon the participants’ self-concept or levels of depression, anger or disruptive behaviour. Anxiety, on the other hand, increased. Qualitative findings nevertheless suggest that the workshops substantially enhanced the children’s emotional and social functioning, albeit only for the duration of the sessions. The workshops markedly improved participants’ self-esteem and self-confidence, pro-social behaviour, enjoyment, concentration and manifestation of musical capacity (aspects which reflect Gestalt concepts of awareness, contact, self-regulation, self-expression and mastery). Reasons for the failure of these improvements to transfer to the children’s everyday functioning may involve the severity of their socio-emotional difficulties as well as limitations within the drumming intervention itself. / Thesis (DMus)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Music / unrestricted

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This cross-sectional, exploratory study aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of self-harming behaviours among a sample of South African university students (N = 603), as well as the relationship between deliberate self-harm (DSH) and symptoms of depression and anxiety. A battery of instruments, including the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI) was administered to participants. Data were analysed by means of descriptive statistics, Chi Square tests, t-tests, and logistic regression analyses. The findings suggest high rates of DSH among the sample (46% lifetime prevalence; 36% 12-month prevalence). No significant gender differences were found in the rates of DSH. Participants from the combined Asian and Coloured racial group reported significantly higher rates of DSH than both White and Black participants. Participants aged 20-21 were significantly more likely to report DSH than those in other age groups. Overall, depression scores in the sample fell within the normal range (M = 15.79), while anxiety scores were found to be exceptionally high (state anxiety: M = 46.56; trait anxiety: M = 48.72). The findings suggest that participants with elevated levels of depression are significantly more likely to report DSH. A significant, negative relationship was found between DSH and state anxiety, while a positive yet insignificant relationship was found between DSH and trait anxiety. The findings of this exploratory study partially support the findings of international research investigating the relationship between DSH and depression and anxiety, but warrant further exploration in order to better understand the complexities of these relationships, particularly in the South African context. / Mini-Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / tm2015 / Psychology / MA / Unrestricted

In this thesis theoretical meaning of the concept of individualization is examined. Compilation and comparison of the concepts of individualization as they are understood by Ulrich Beck, Zygmunt Bauman and Anthony Giddens are put forward. Critiques of the concept of individualization are analyzed with focus on controversial issues of the concept of individualization. The analysis shows four types of objections: 1. Concepts of theorists of individualization are not based on empirical research, therefore they do not match the reality correctly. 2. In the conceptions of theorists of individualization, the individuals seem to be independent on the culture and on other people. 3. Social classes and gender status to some extent still affect the life of the individuals. 4. Individualization does not have the same effect on everybody. The analysis also shows that the controversial issues are the result of different meaning which give to the individualization creators of the concept and its critics. Theorists of individualization understand the individualization as macro-social phenomenon, whereas critics of individualization understand the individualization as the change of life and behaviour of the individuals due to the effect of various ambivalent processes. The question, how to connect those meanings...

Recent research is largely concordant in that the core roles of the military instrument has expanded after the end of the cold war to include peacetime support to the nation.This study examines the reach a security policy transformation has in ex-plaining this role for the Swedish armed forces. It is done through at deduc-tive approach by examining national security policy documents from 1987 to 2017 using a risk theoretical perspective deriving from sociologist Ulrich Becks conceptualisation of the World risk society.The result shows that even though the rhetoric indicates a widened picture of a complex future of risks and uncertainty, such a transformation has not taken place in full. The view on the causes of danger and how to handle these are more in line with traditional threat-based views and functional reasons seemingly have a better reach in explaining the use of the military in-strument.

Self-compassion denotes a compassionate and empathic attitude toward oneself (Neff, 2003b). In the past decade, the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) has been used to measure self-compassion in individuals and its effects on social, psychological, and physiological functioning. While many studies have found positive effects of high self- compassion showing promise for the use of the construct in clinical and empirical applications, there is a dearth of literature regarding the psychometric properties of the SCS. Furthermore, previous studies have not evaluated the individual subscales of the SCS as they relate to other inventories. This study evaluated the SCS and its subscales in relation the to the well-established Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II). The study included 142 undergraduate Cal Poly students who completed both the SCS and the BDI- II. As predicted, a statistically significant negative correlation was found between total SCS and BDI-II scores (r = -.57). Statistically significant negative correlations were also found between BDI-II total scores and the Self-Kindness (r = -.35), Common Humanity (r = -.37), and Mindfulness (r = -.35) subscales of the SCS. Statistically significant positive correlations were found with BDI-II total scores and the Self-Judgment (r = .49), Isolation (r = .59) and Over-Identified (r = .43) subscales of the SCS. This study evaluated the convergent and discriminant validity of the SCS and its subscales as compared to the BDI-II.

Background: It is known that medical doctors suffer from increased rates of depression with medical interns being most at risk. Despite this, little is known about the prevalence of depression in interns in South Africa. Aim: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms in interns. Setting: All 91 interns employed at Groote Schuur Hospital, a tertiary hospital in the Western Cape, from January 2017 until May 2018, were invited to participate in the study. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study. Consenting interns were required to complete a demographic and related questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory 2 (BDI-2). Results: Fifty-four (59.3%) of all invited interns participated in the study. Twenty-two interns (41%) reported a Beck Depression Inventory 2 score of 14 or greater. Features associated with a BDI-2 score of 14 or greater, included female gender, a previous diagnosis of depression, seeing a psychotherapist and previously being on antidepressant medication during internship. Other features also significantly associated with higher BDI-2 scores included, suicidal ideation, thoughts of emigration, wanting to leave Medicine and using substances to cope. The most significant associated feature of high BDI-2 scores was feeling “burnt out”. Conclusion: Interns had a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms when compared to the general population. The feeling of being ‘burnout' was the most significant factor associated with the severity of depressive symptoms. It is imperative that the mental health of both medical students and newly qualified doctors be prioritised, supported and monitored.

Un nombre restreint, mais croissant d’études suggèrent que les comportements paternels jouent un rôle dans le développement socioaffectif de l’enfant et que les problèmes de santé mentale peuvent se transmettre du père à l’enfant. Par contre, rares sont les études qui ont été réalisées durant la petite enfance et qui se sont intéressées au rôle des pratiques paternelles dans la transmission intergénérationnelle de la psychopathologie. Ce mémoire a pour objectif d’examiner le rôle de la sensibilité paternelle et des symptômes dépressifs du père dans le développement de problèmes intériorisés et extériorisés à la petite enfance. L’échantillon de l’étude réalisée comprend 91 familles (père, mère, enfant) qui ont été rencontrées à leur domicile lorsque les enfants étaient âgés de 12 mois. Les symptômes dépressifs des pères et des mères ont été mesurés à l’aide du Beck Depression Inventory. La sensibilité des deux parents a été mesurée de manière observationnelle à l’aide d’un système de codification basé sur l’analyse des interactions parent-enfant lors d’une rencontre à domicile d’une durée de 90 minutes. Les problèmes intériorisés et extériorisés de l’enfant ont été mesurés à l’aide du Brief Infant Toddler Social Emotional Assessment, un questionnaire complété par les deux parents séparément. Des analyses corrélationnelles et de régression ont été effectuées. Les résultats suggèrent que les symptômes dépressifs et la sensibilité du père contribuent de façon unique à la prédiction des problèmes intériorisés et extériorisés de l’enfant, et ce, au-delà des facteurs propres à la mère. Les résultats de ce mémoire soulignent le rôle que joue le père dans le développement socioaffectif de l’enfant et la transmission intergénérationnelle de la psychopathologie.