The aim of this study was to investigate the associations and differences regarding behaviour- and emotional problems and physical activity (PA) in early school-age children born preterm in comparison to children born full term. The sample consisted of 131 children at age 6-9 (mean age 7.8, including 54 % girls). The participants were divided into four groups depending on weeks of gestational age (GA): extremely preterm (EPT; 22-27 weeks), very preterm (VPT; 28-33 weeks), moderate preterm (MPT; 34-37 weeks) and the control group born at full term (FT; 38-42 weeks). The data were received from parent’s ratings on the questionnaire Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL). The result showed that children born EPT were rated as having significantly more symptoms of depression, ADHD and conduct disorders, compared to the children born VPT, MPT and FT. The children born EPT also participated more in individual sports rather than team sports and in particular for those children with high ratings on ADHD Scale and Oppositional Defiant Scale. In conclusion, children born EPT seem to have more symptoms on behavioural and emotional problems and therefore more attention is needed to define appropriate interventions for this group to prevent and treat these problems. Even though PA didn’t manifestly decrease with lower GA in this sample it’s likely that bigger differences will show when the children grow older and more investigations are needed to examine the impact of PA among children born PT. / Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka relationer mellan beteende och emotionella problem samt fysisk aktivitet i tidig skolålder hos prematura barn i jämförelse med fullgångna barn. Urvalet bestod av 131 barn i åldern 6–9 (medelvärde 7.8, inklusive 54 % flickor). Deltagarna blev indelade i fyra grupper beroende på gestationsålder: extremt prematura (22–27 veckor), mycket prematura (28–33 veckor), måttligt prematura (34–37 veckor) och kontrollgruppen som bestod av fullgångna barn (38–42 veckor). Datamaterialet inhämtades från föräldrarnas skattningar på enkäten Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL). Resultaten visade att barn som fötts extremt prematurt skattades ha signifikant mer symtom av depression, ADHD och uppförandestörning jämfört med mycket och måttligt prematura samt fullgångna barn. Barnen som fötts extremt prematurt utövade även mer individuella idrotter och mindre lagidrotter, vilket var speciellt tydligt för barn med höga skattningar på skalorna ADHD och trotssyndrom. Sammanfattningsvis har barn födda extremt prematurt mer emotionella och beteendemässiga problem jämfört barn med längre gestationsålder, och utifrån det behövs mer fokus på att utforma lämpliga interventioner för att förebygga och behandla dessa problem. Även om fysisk aktivitet inte visade sig minska med lägre gestationsålder i vårt urval är det troligt att större skillnader kommer visa sig när barnen blir äldre och vidare undersökningar krävs för att avgöra hur fysisk aktivitet kan tänkas påverka utfallen för prematura barn.

Nors Rolando epilepsijai (RE) būdinga gerybinė eiga, dalis sergančiųjų turi miego bei elgesio problemų. Nuosekliai ištyrėme 75 RE sergančius bei 32 lyginamosios grupės nesergančius epilepsija pacientus. Grupės nesiskyrė pagal amžių ir lytį. Suskirstėme sergančiuosius RE į dvi grupes pagal priepuolių pasikartojimą per paskutinius 6 mėnesius. Elgesio sutrikimai buvo vertinami pasitelkiant CBCL (angl. Child Behavior Checklist) klausimyną, miego sutrikimai-pagal vaikų miego sutrikimų skalę (SDSC) (angl. Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children). Vertinome miego ir elgesio problemas bei jų sąsajas su klinikiniais, EEG duomenimis bei vizualinės-motorinės reakcijos laiko duomenimis. Bendradarbiaudami su Vilniaus universiteto Matematikos ir informatikos fakultetu rankiniu ir automatiniu būdu tyrėme pacientų EEG. Tik tiems RE pacientams, kuriems buvo priepuolių per paskutinius 6 mėn., nustatėme patikimai aukštesnius SDSC klausimyno įverčius (padidintą mieguistumą, kvėpavimo sutrikimus miego metu, miego- budrumo ritmo sutrikimus, ilgesnę miego latenciją) bei patikimai aukštesnius CBCL klausimyno rodiklius (socialinių sunkumų, mąstymo sunkumų, dėmesio sunkumų, agresyvaus elgesio bei bendrų sunkumų skalių įverčius). Elgesio problemos buvo susiję su ilgesne epilepsijos trukme, sunkesniais ir dažnesniais priepuoliais, miego problemomis bei miego EEG pakitimais (>35/min pikų kiekiu bei pikų lokalizacija ir kitose nei centrotemporalinės srityse). Budrumo EEG nustatytas >17/min pikų kiekis buvo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Although patients with benign Rolandic epilepsy (RE) exhibit a benign course of the disease, some of them display sleep and behavioural problems. Seventy five patients with RE, aged 6–11 years, were included in this study. The patients were divided into two subgroups according to the presence of seizures over the preceding 6 months. The comparison group comprised 32 patients without epilepsy and with similar characteristics in terms of age and sex. All patients underwent evaluation of sleep (Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children) and behaviour (Lithuanian version of Child Behaviour Checklist). We examined the sleep and behavioural problems in correlation with the clinical data, EEG data, and simple visual-motor reaction time data. We automatically and manually analysed EEG in the collaboration with Vilnius University Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics. Only patients who had had seizures over the preceding 6 months displayed significantly higher scores for sleep problems (disorders of excessive daytime sleepiness, disorders of sleep breathing, and disorders of sleep-wake transition, longer sleep onset latency), and behavioural problems (social problems, thought problems, attention problems, and aggressive behavior) than the patients of the comparison group. Behavioural problems were associated with the longer epilepsy duration, more frequent and more severe seizures, sleep problems and sleep EEG data (spike frequency >35/min and spike focus, spreading to the other than... [to full text]

Nors Rolando epilepsijai (RE) būdinga gerybinė eiga, dalis sergančiųjų turi miego bei elgesio problemų. Nuosekliai ištyrėme 75 RE sergančius bei 32 lyginamosios grupės nesergančius epilepsija pacientus. Grupės nesiskyrė pagal amžių ir lytį. Suskirstėme sergančiuosius RE į dvi grupes pagal priepuolių pasikartojimą per paskutinius 6 mėnesius. Elgesio sutrikimai buvo vertinami pasitelkiant CBCL (angl. Child Behavior Checklist) klausimyną, miego sutrikimai-pagal vaikų miego sutrikimų skalę (SDSC) (angl. Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children). Vertinome miego ir elgesio problemas bei jų sąsajas su klinikiniais, EEG duomenimis bei vizualinės-motorinės reakcijos laiko duomenimis. Bendradarbiaudami su Vilniaus universiteto Matematikos ir informatikos fakultetu rankiniu ir automatiniu būdu tyrėme pacientų EEG. Tik tiems RE pacientams, kuriems buvo priepuolių per paskutinius 6 mėn., nustatėme patikimai aukštesnius SDSC klausimyno įverčius (padidintą mieguistumą, kvėpavimo sutrikimus miego metu, miego- budrumo ritmo sutrikimus, ilgesnę miego latenciją) bei patikimai aukštesnius CBCL klausimyno rodiklius (socialinių sunkumų, mąstymo sunkumų, dėmesio sunkumų, agresyvaus elgesio bei bendrų sunkumų skalių įverčius). Elgesio problemos buvo susiję su ilgesne epilepsijos trukme, sunkesniais ir dažnesniais priepuoliais, miego problemomis bei miego EEG pakitimais (>35/min pikų kiekiu bei pikų lokalizacija ir kitose nei centrotemporalinės srityse). Budrumo EEG nustatytas >17/min pikų kiekis buvo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Although patients with benign Rolandic epilepsy (RE) exhibit a benign course of the disease, some of them display sleep and behavioural problems. Seventy five patients with RE, aged 6–11 years, were included in this study. The patients were divided into two subgroups according to the presence of seizures over the preceding 6 months. The comparison group comprised 32 patients without epilepsy and with similar characteristics in terms of age and sex. All patients underwent evaluation of sleep (Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children) and behaviour (Lithuanian version of Child Behaviour Checklist). We examined the sleep and behavioural problems in correlation with the clinical data, EEG data, and simple visual-motor reaction time data. We automatically and manually analysed EEG in the collaboration with Vilnius University Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics. Only patients who had had seizures over the preceding 6 months displayed significantly higher scores for sleep problems (disorders of excessive daytime sleepiness, disorders of sleep breathing, and disorders of sleep-wake transition, longer sleep onset latency), and behavioural problems (social problems, thought problems, attention problems, and aggressive behavior) than the patients of the comparison group. Behavioural problems were associated with the longer epilepsy duration, more frequent and more severe seizures, sleep problems and sleep EEG data (spike frequency >35/min and spike focus, spreading to the other than... [to full text]

Thesis (M.A. (Clinical Psychology)) -- University of Limpopo, 2020 / The currents study investigated the relationship between attachment and behavioural problems in children in residential group homes (alternative care) in Polokwane, Limpopo. The sample consisted of children (n = 52) and their caregivers (n= 7) from the Samaritan Children’s Home. Both males (n = 30) and females (n = 22) were represented. All caregivers were female. A quantitative, cross-sectional design and simple random sampling were employed. Data was collected using the Relationship in Close Relationships Questionnaire (ECR-RC) and the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL). Methods of analysing were correlational (Pearson’s r) to establish relationships and t-test and ANOVA to establish between- and within-group differences. Results revealed that there was a statistically significant positive correlation between poor attachment and behavioural problems. Male children were found to exhibit more internalising behaviour than externalising behaviour when compared to females on the CBCL. Older children, both male and female (aged 12-14 years) were found to exhibit more behavioural problems than their younger counterparts aged 9-11.

The prevalence of emotional and behavioural problems in secondary school adolescents is regarded as widely spread globally. Their effects/pitfalls are also a concern that cannot be ignored. Thus, this study dealt with this issue among adolescents, as well as with pitfalls and practices of secondary schools in Ethiopia, with particular focus on East Showa Administrative Zone of Oromiya National Regional state. Consequently, the study intended to:  examine what social competence problems (activity problems, social activities problems and academic performance problems) are experienced by secondary school adolescents of Ethiopia.  determine the relationship between sex groups and social competence problems by secondary school adolescents of Ethiopia.  examine the trends of emotional/internalising and behavioural/externalising problems among secondary school adolescents of Ethiopia.  determine the relationship displayed between sex groups and emotional/internalising and behavioural/externalising problems by secondary school adolescents of Ethiopia.  examine the relationship display between age groups and emotional/internalising and behavioural/externalising problems by secondary school adolescents of Ethiopia. To address the objectives of the study, a descriptive survey and correlational study were employed. To achieve this target, the Amharic and the Afan-Oromo versions of Achenbach’s (2001) youth self-report (YSR) were used to collect data from 714 research participants of secondary school adolescents out of 27,643 in the East Showa Administrative Zone of Oromiya Regional State-Ethiopia, from 8 secondary schools. In analysing the data, basic descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentages, percentiles and T-scores as well as ANOVA were employed. In general, the results of the study demonstrated that the prevalence of emotional and behavioural problems of Ethiopian secondary school adolescents was relatively lower (about 9%) in comparison to many other countries. Moreover, girls showed more internalising problems (11.58%) than boys (9.63%) and vice versa in externalising problems. Consequently, girls accounted for 8.6% who fell into a clinical category whereas amongst boys, 14.83% were classified into such as category. In contrary to the other findings males were scored higher than females in withdrawal/depressed subscales (4.23% and 2.74% respectively). Furthermore, statistically significant relationships between academic competences with activities, social activities, somatic complaints, social problems and externalising problems were discovered. Fulfilling and rendering appropriate guidance and counselling services in the schools comprised the first dimension of the recommendations of this work. Furthermore, establishing school based mental health services to alleviate the problems is another key point of the recommendation to assist adolescents with emotional and behavioural problems in secondary schools of Ethiopia. / Psychology / Ph.D. (Psychology)

<p>Abstract</p><p>Evidence based research has shown that organized parent support programmes have a good</p><p>effect in strengthening the role of the parent and preventing problems during growth. This</p><p>in turn has a great significance for Public Health.</p><p>Komet is one of the evidence based programmes used in Sweden, based on American</p><p>programmes and adapted to Swedish conditions.</p><p>This qualitative study consists of interviews with six children between six and nine years</p><p>with behaviour problems, whose parents have taken part in the Komet programme.</p><p>With Grounded Theory as research approach the children’s experiences of the programme</p><p>and relations within the family have been looked into and analysed.</p><p>The result of this study suggests that a space for growth of their own is a common need of</p><p>the children, and that this can be achieved by giving them the opportunity to function in a</p><p>family environment where they are seen and understood.</p><p>The Komet programme contributed to this by giving the family tools to strengthen relations</p><p>within the family, create calm and make the children more visible.</p><p>The self image of the children in this study had improved which gave them more room to</p><p>grow in a strengthened family situation. This in turn improved conditions for good feelings,</p><p>and sense of well being, of importance for child development and health.</p> / <p>Sammanfattning</p><p>Evidensbaserad forskning har visat att organiserade föräldrastödsprogram ger god effekt när</p><p>det gäller att stärka föräldrarollen och därmed förebygga problem under uppväxten. Detta har</p><p>i sin tur stor betydelse för den framtida folkhälsan.</p><p>Komet är ett av de evidensbaserade föräldrastödsprogram som används i Sverige idag och</p><p>som utgår från amerikanska föräldrastödsprogram, anpassade till svenska förhållanden.</p><p>Den här kvalitativa studien bygger på intervjuer med sex barn mellan 6 och 9 år med</p><p>beteendeproblem, vars föräldrar deltagit i Komet-programmet. Med grundad teori som ansats</p><p>har barnens upplevelser av programmet och relationerna i familjen undersökts och</p><p>analyserats.</p><p>Resultatet av studien visar att det gemensamma för barnen var behovet av ett eget utrymme att</p><p>växa i, men att förutsättningen för detta var att de gavs möjlighet att fungera i ett</p><p>familjesammanhang där de blev sedda och förstådda.</p><p>Kometprogrammet bidrog till detta genom att ge familjen verktyg för att stärka</p><p>familjerelationerna, skapa större lugn och göra barnen mer synliga.</p><p>Självbilden hos barnen i studien förbättrades vilket gav större rum att växa i en stärkt</p><p>familjesituation. Detta skapade förutsättningar för de goda känslor av glädje och</p><p>välbefinnande, som har betydelse för barns utveckling och psykiska hälsa.</p>

Abstract Evidence based research has shown that organized parent support programmes have a good effect in strengthening the role of the parent and preventing problems during growth. This in turn has a great significance for Public Health. Komet is one of the evidence based programmes used in Sweden, based on American programmes and adapted to Swedish conditions. This qualitative study consists of interviews with six children between six and nine years with behaviour problems, whose parents have taken part in the Komet programme. With Grounded Theory as research approach the children’s experiences of the programme and relations within the family have been looked into and analysed. The result of this study suggests that a space for growth of their own is a common need of the children, and that this can be achieved by giving them the opportunity to function in a family environment where they are seen and understood. The Komet programme contributed to this by giving the family tools to strengthen relations within the family, create calm and make the children more visible. The self image of the children in this study had improved which gave them more room to grow in a strengthened family situation. This in turn improved conditions for good feelings, and sense of well being, of importance for child development and health. / Sammanfattning Evidensbaserad forskning har visat att organiserade föräldrastödsprogram ger god effekt när det gäller att stärka föräldrarollen och därmed förebygga problem under uppväxten. Detta har i sin tur stor betydelse för den framtida folkhälsan. Komet är ett av de evidensbaserade föräldrastödsprogram som används i Sverige idag och som utgår från amerikanska föräldrastödsprogram, anpassade till svenska förhållanden. Den här kvalitativa studien bygger på intervjuer med sex barn mellan 6 och 9 år med beteendeproblem, vars föräldrar deltagit i Komet-programmet. Med grundad teori som ansats har barnens upplevelser av programmet och relationerna i familjen undersökts och analyserats. Resultatet av studien visar att det gemensamma för barnen var behovet av ett eget utrymme att växa i, men att förutsättningen för detta var att de gavs möjlighet att fungera i ett familjesammanhang där de blev sedda och förstådda. Kometprogrammet bidrog till detta genom att ge familjen verktyg för att stärka familjerelationerna, skapa större lugn och göra barnen mer synliga. Självbilden hos barnen i studien förbättrades vilket gav större rum att växa i en stärkt familjesituation. Detta skapade förutsättningar för de goda känslor av glädje och välbefinnande, som har betydelse för barns utveckling och psykiska hälsa.

This thesis explores the different types of primary school teachers' attitude towards inclusive education of pupils with behavioural problems. Three main goals were attempted through interviews with teachers of different qualification. The first goal was to understand the differences between teachers' attitudes and opinions. The second was to identify the major reasons for said attitudes. The third goal was to review bill no. 27/2016, which deals with the issues of education of pupils with special needs and of exceptionally talented pupils. The respondents, who participated in this research, are currently employed as primary school teachers, as well as the Waldorf elementary schools and practical elementary schools. The research has shown that all respondents viewed the inclusion of pupils with behavioural problems as disadvantageous. This attitude can however be influenced by the type of school, or additional education in this particular field. This research concludes with a comparison to a U.S. research of similar goals. KEYWORDS: Behavioural problems, behavioural disorder, inclusion, teachers' attitude, primary school, Waldorf school, practical elementary school

Plusieurs travaux de recherche ont porté sur la consommation des adolescents. À partir d’une analyse secondaire qualitative de 30 entrevues menées auprès d’adolescents présentant des difficultés de comportements, ce mémoire vise à explorer le discours d’adolescents qui présentent des difficultés de comportements par rapport à leur perception de leur consommation et aux facteurs qui ont pu l’influencer. Le premier chapitre de ce mémoire rend compte de la diversité des facteurs d’influence jouant un rôle dans la consommation de drogue ou d’alcool d’adolescents qui présentent des difficultés de comportements selon la littérature recensée. Dans un premier temps les différents contextes de vie des jeunes sont explorés. L’approche bioécologique a pour avantage de replacer l’adolescent dans son environnement global incluant les différents niveaux d’influence. En outre, les représentations sociales, permettent de mettre en avant la perception des principaux concernés. Le deuxième chapitre consacré à la méthodologie, se base sur une collecte de données qualitatives. Le troisième chapitre expose les résultats de cette recherche qui révèlent que les jeunes participants à cette étude sont en mesure d’identifier des influences dans les différents niveaux, même si le macrosystème n’est pas présent dans leur discours. Sur le plan de la fréquence de consommation, deux profils de consommation se distinguent, l’un concerne les jeunes qui ont commencé à consommer plus tôt et dont la consommation a diminué et ceux qui débuté leur consommation plus tard et dont la consommation a augmenté. Le quatrième chapitre de ce mémoire expose de manière schématique les écrits scientifiques avec le discours des adolescents et identifie également quelques notions clefs qui ressortent du discours des adolescents. / Adolescent drug and alcohol consumption is a major concern, and the focus of much research. This paper aims to explore adolescent perception of, and influences on, drug and alcohol consumption, through a qualitative, secondary analysis of 30 interviews of adolescents with behaviour problems. The first chapter of this report reviews the literature on the various factors influencing drug and alcohol consumption in teens with behavior difficulties, including the different environments in which they live. Two theoretical constructs are used to explore adolescent consumption: the bioecological approach, which positions the teenager in the context of his or her global environment; and the theory of social representations, which highlights the internal perceptions of those concerned. The second chapter of this paper describes the qualitative methodology used in the collection and analysis of data. The third chapter presents the results of this research, which reveal that the young participants were able to identify the different factors influencing their consumption in various levels of the different contexts, even if they did not overtly describe the macrosystem. The results indicate two different profiles of consumption: one for young people who start using earlier and then later decrease their consumption; and one for those who start later, and whose consumption has continued to increase. In terms of the frequency of use, many participants in this study follow the former profile, thus they have already started reducing their consumption. Participant speech is similar to what is indicated in the literature. The fourth chapter of this study schematically presents what is indicated in the scientific literature along with what the participants say, and also identifies some of the key concepts that emerge from the adolescents’ descriptions. The paper concludes with some reflections on practice and ideas for future research.

The aim of the thesis is to present the roles of the pedagogical consultant at primary school. The theoretical part is focused on specification of the consultant´s duties and powers according to the specialized literature. Furthermore, it concerns the specification of requirements, which the teacher should meet in order to be a pedagogical consultant. Next topic is the cooperation with the legal representatives of pupils and with organizations dealing with consulting. The practical part follows up six pedagogical consultants at primary schools in České Budějovice and Vysočina. The research consists of the dialogues with them and it studies their job duties, the most common topics and difficulties they are faced to.