The climate is changing, and winters are expected to receive increasingly more precipitation in large parts of Sweden. Climate change brings significant risks and challenges, such as an increased risk of flooding, erosion, landslides, and avalanches. Through a case study of four Swedish municipalities: Uddevalla, Karlstad, Gällivare, and Kiruna, a document study examines how these municipalities' climate adaptation efforts related to changing winter climates are being conducted. The results of the case study are presented through quantitative tables and qualitative discussions. Specific points have been selected for the quantitative tables, which have been used to grade the municipalities' climate adaptation efforts for future winter climates. The study has shown that the four municipalities studied are conducting climate adaptation efforts related to a changing winter climate.  The extent to which the municipalities carry out climate adaptation work varies. Winter climate changes are more pronounced in southern Sweden than in the north. This is reflected in the municipalities' climate adaptation efforts. Uddevalla and Karlstad municipalities have made more progress in their climate adaptation efforts and have been working on it for several years. Gällivare and Kiruna municipalities experience fewer climate changes during the winter, and therefore their climate adaptation efforts are smaller and not as extensive and concrete as those in Uddevalla and Karlstad municipalities.

The focus of this thesis is to study readiness planning and information security within Sweden's municipal archives. How the extent of emergency planning and information security work within the municipal archives. Due to the many conflicts in the world at the moment, readiness planning and information security has become more important for the institutions handling information on a daily basis. With the aid from semi structured interviews the study aims to understand and see what the archivists working in municipal archives think about these subjects, what they think should be done to evolve readiness planning and information security within Sweden’s municipal archives. When a crisis hits it is important to know how to act and the next step to minimize the damage, in this case the loss of important information. The result of the study shows multiple factors at work that affects the on-going work with readiness planning and information security. Many of the archivists are worried about the long-term preservation of the information stored in the municipal archives, they recognize the responsibility they have over the information, one mistake on their or someone else’s part could lead to the loss of that information. Especially with digital information, that needs expertise handling. The archivists also shared that the workload affects their work with readiness planning and working with information security. They argued that they don’t have enough resources for developing a plan for the archive. I hope with this essay to enlighten the importance of having a plan when the unthinkable occurs.

The creation of reliable flood extent maps is becoming an increasingly important question as the  damage  caused by  natural  disasters  is  becoming  more  severe and the frequency of these events is increasing.  By limiting the uncertainty in flood modelling and simplifying the creation of flood extent maps, a more iterative process is made possible. This iterative process could potentially facilitate the development of more reliable emergency plans. The purpose of this report is to describe how water levels, simulated with a hydraulic model in an efficient way, can be processed in ArcGIS to produce flood extent maps. Focus has been placed on the inclusion of flooded areas occurring on the side of the river and the improvement of handling of tributaries. Inundated areas close to a flooded river can occur due to ground water interactions and increased surface runoff being trapped in low-lying points in the terrain. By analysing flood extent maps derived by various methods, a new model was developed in ArcGIS’s ModelBuilder. By viewing the entire river as a coherent unit the model produces flood extent maps with more reliable descriptions regarding connecting tributaries. This new model drastically decreases the need for manual adjustments and the creation of extra polygon shapefiles to constrain the interpolation area.  At the same time, it decreases the computation time due to the fact that it is a “cleaner” model. When applying the model on areas previously mapped using a tool developed at WSP (the KOG-tool) and MIKE 11’s built in tool for mapping of flood extent, it showed a high degree of accuracy. Concerning differences in water levels, the majority of raster values lay within a 0-1-millimetre range. These results imply a high credibility for the developed model. When evaluating the model against empirical flooding data, it showed satisfactory agreement, especially considering   the limited water level data available and the fact that the developed model does not take into consideration interaction with urban infrastructure or potential river blockages. / Efterfrågan av pålitliga översvämningskartor ökar med den ökade frekvensen av översvämningar med betydande negativ påverkan. Genom att minska osäkerheter i översvämningsmodellering och effektivisera genereringen av vattenutbredningskartor tillåts en mer iterativ process som medför mer pålitliga kartor. Syftet med denna rapport har varit att beskriva hur vattennivåer simulerade med hydrauliska modeller effektivt kan bearbetas i ArcGIS för att åstadkomma kartor över översvämningars vattenutbredning. Förbättrad hantering av översvämningsöar och anslutande biflöden har varit fokusområden. Genom att utvärdera och analysera vattenutbredningar genererade med olika verktyg har en modell, SÖK-modellen, utvecklats i ArcGIS:s ModelBuilder. Genom att hantera hela vattendraget som en sammanhängande enhet hanteras anslutande biflöden på ett sätt som leder till mer korrekt beskrivning av vattenutbredning i biflöden. Den framtagna modellen minskar drastiskt behovet av manuella justeringar och skapande av polygoner med syfte att begränsa interpolationsområden samtidigt som beräkningstiden minskas. Användning av modellen på områden karterade med ett av WSP utvecklat verktyg samt med MIKE 11s inbyggda modul för översvämningskartering visar på god överensstämmelse av interpolerade vattennivåer mellan de olika verktygen, de flesta skillnader är i storleksordningen 0-1 millimeter. Detta kombinerat med stora likheter i vattenutbredning mellan de utvärderade verktygen medför att den framtagna modellen anses lika pålitlig som övriga utvärderade verktyg. Vid utvärdering av modellen på en faktisk översvämning påvisades god överensstämmelse med observerad vattenutbredning, speciellt med hänsyn till den begränsade datamängd som funnits tillgänglig samt att den framtagna modellen inte tar hänsyn till interaktioner med urban infrastruktur eller eventuella blockader i vattendraget.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att beskriva hur det system för ekonomisk beredskap som utvecklades iSverige inbegrep den inhemska textilindustrin. Uppsatsen beskriver om och på vilket sätt dennaindustri subventionerades av statliga medel. Undersökningen visar att under perioden 1972-1984erhöll svensk textilindustri minst 280 st avskrivningslån från Överstyrelsen för ekonomiskt försvarsom hjälp till finansiering av investeringar. Huvudsakligen avsåg investeringarna uppdatering avföretagens maskinpark vilket bidrog till att säkerställa Sveriges beredskap och försörjning av textilier iett läge av krig eller avspärrning.