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As the world becomes more globalised, user equipment such as smartphones and Internet of Things devices require increasingly more data, which increases the demand for wireless data traffic. Hence, the acceleration of next-generational networks (5G and beyond) focuses mainly on increasing the bitrate and decreasing the latency. A crucial technology for 5G and beyond is the massive MIMO. In a massive MIMO system, a detector processes the received signals from multiple antennas to decode the transmitted data and extract useful information. This has been implemented in many ways, and one of the most used algorithms is the Zero Forcing (ZF) algorithm. This thesis presents a novel parallel design to accelerate the ZF algorithm using the Cholesky decomposition. This is implemented on a GPU, written in the CUDA programming language, and compared to the existing state-of-the-art implementations regarding latency and throughput. The implementation is also validated from a MATLAB implementation. This research demonstrates promising performance using GPUs for massive MIMO detection algorithms. Our approach achieves a significant speedup factor of 350 in comparison to a serial version of the implementation. The throughput achieved is 160 times greater than a comparable GPU-based approach. Despite this, our approach reaches a 2.4 times lower throughput than a solution that employed application-specific hardware. Given the promising results, we advocate for continued research in this area to further optimise detection algorithms and enhance their performance on GPUs, to potentially achieve even higher throughput and lower latency. / <p>Our examiner Mahdi wants to wait six months before the thesis is published. </p>

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第23698号 / 理博第4788号 / 新制||理||1685(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科物理学・宇宙物理学専攻 / (主査)准教授 福間 將文, 准教授 吉岡 興一, 教授 萩野 浩一 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

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Yes / This is the ninth workshop to be organised under the postgraduate programmes in electrical and electronic engineering (EEE). The workshop concludes the Research Seminar Series, which has provided a platform for disseminating the latest research activities in related technologies through its weekly seminars. The EEE courses cover a broad range of technologies and this is reflected in the variety of topics presented during the workshop. In total, forty-four papers have been selected for the proceedings, which have been divided into eight sections. The workshop aims to be as close to a `real¿ event as possible. Hence, authors have responded to a Call for Papers with an abstract, prior to the submission of the final paper. This has been a novel experience for many, if not all of the contributors. As usual, authors have taken up the challenge with enthusiasm, resulting in a collection of papers that reflects today¿s research challenges. / School of Engineering, Design and Technology

Yes / As the technical specifications of the 5th Generation (5G) wireless communication standard are being wrapped up, there are growing efforts amongst researchers, industrialists, and standardisation bodies on the enabling technologies of a 6G standard or the so-called Beyond 5G (B5G) one. Although the 5G standard has presented several benefits, there are still some limitations within it. Such limitations have motivated the setting up of study groups to determine suitable technologies that should operate in the year 2030 and beyond, i.e., after 5G. Consequently, this Special Issue of Future Internet concerning what possibilities lie ahead for a 6G wireless network includes four high-quality research papers (three of which are review papers with over 412 referred sources and one regular research). This editorial piece summarises the major contributions of the articles and the Special Issue, outlining future directions for new research.

Syfte: Med utgångspunkt från Self Determination Theory belysa hur den autonoma och kontrollerade motivationen påverkas hos medarbetare då företag arbetar budgetlöst med avseende på decentralisering, målstyrning och belöningssystem.  Metod: Studien har utgått från ett hermeneutiskt perspektiv där fenomenet som studerats ses vara av socialkonstruktivistisk art. Teori och empiri har arbetats fram iterativt med hjälp av abduktion där grunden för studien har varit i form av en fallstudie med ett kvalitativt angreppssätt genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Intervjuguiden används som utgångspunkt vid kategoriseringen i empirin vilket analysen baseras på.   Resultat &amp; slutsats: Studien tyder på att decentralisering och målstyrning inom budgetlös styrning främst påverkar den autonoma motivationen. Gällande belöningssystem gav inte studien något entydigt resultat men vissa indikationer på att det fanns en risk för att en kontrollerad motivation skulle kunna uppstå. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Till vidare forskning inom budgetlös styrning föreslår vi att undersöka belöningssystem ur ett ledningsperspektiv och påverkan på deras motivation samt att undersöka huruvida det finns ett samband mellan principerna bakom en fungerande decentralisering och motivation.   Studiens bidrag: Teoretiskt bidrar studien med att decentralisering och målstyrning påverkar den autonoma motivationen positivt medans belöningssystem kan bidra till att kontrollerad motivation uppstår. Praktiskt bidrag visar att decentralisering och målstyrning ökar möjligheten till eget ansvar och beslutsfattande, detta bör dock företag arbeta mer aktivt med. / Aim: Based on the self-determination theory shed light on how the autonomous and controlled motivation  affects the employees in companies using beyond budgeting regarding to decentralization , management by objectives and reward systems. Method: This study has a hermeneutic perspective with a base of social constructivism. The theory and the empirical material have been approached iteratively with the help of abduction method. The design of the study is a case study with a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews.The interview guide is used as the basis for categorization of empirical data which the analysis is based upon.   Result &amp; Conclusion: The study suggests that decentralization and management by objectives using beyond budgeting primarily affects the autonomic motivation. Current reward system did not show any unequivocal results but some indications that there was a risk that a controlled motivation could arise.  Suggestions for future research:  For further research in Beyond Budgeting, we propose to investigate the reward system from a management perspective and the impact on their motivation and to investigate whether there is a connection between the principles behind the functioning of decentralization and motivation. Contribution of the thesis: From a theoretical point of view, this study contributes to decentralization and management by objectives primarily affects the autonomous motivation while the reward system may contribute to controlled motivation. Practical contribution shows that decentralization and management by objectives within Beyond Budgeting increases the possibility of personal responsibility and decision-making, this should companies work more actively with.

This study is an investigation into the morale and motivation of Nigerian teachers. Due to the geographical and administrative vastness of Nigeria this study focuses on Abia State. Abia is one of the 36 States of Nigeria and it typifies the educational structure and practice of Nigeria The study involves teachers and students from two primary and two secondary schools from each of the educational zones in Abia (a total of 12 schools). A focus group of 37 headteachers across Abia State will also be studied and the views of a cross section of students (12 students from each secondary school) are sought. The background information on education in Nigeria and Abia State as well as the reasons for this study are discussed in the introduction. A review of the literature on morale and motivation in African countries and other international studies is presented. The study employs ethnographic multiple case study and focus group methods which included a semi-structured focus group interview, participant observation and a self-administered questionnaire. Research methods and findings are discussed and analysed and from these emerged a motivation model. The study concludes with a discussion and evaluation of the findings. Obviously, any research work of this magnitude would have its limitations. These will be discussed. Recommendations for future research and developments towards improving the morale and motivation of teachers in Nigeria would follow.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T18:40:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Levi Gimenez.pdf: 1476007 bytes, checksum: 91957cc12e7c08f5e86fa8595f4697d8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-11-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Organizations, and the decision process in particular, are affected by the new economy dynamics, making managers, academics and investors search for new management models. From the inconformity of the existing management models appeared the Economic Management and Beyond Budgeting, the first, aiming organizational efficacy throughout the economic result, using the modern budget and the latter, through a flexible management denominated radical decentralization (empowerment), without budgets, having decisions taken by front line managers and elaborating a Rolling Forecast for economic planning. The problematic of this article was to accomplish a comparison between both, having the target to establish their main differences, and to validate the research it was applied Content Analysis technique, categorizing important expressions like management process, aiming the understanding of the proposal of the models facing the challenges of reaching organizational result and efficacy. Managerial tools, to visualize the tools available to managers, enabling them accomplish their mission. Information systems and decentralization complement the categories. The association of the key-words to the categories made clear the preoccupation of the Economic Management in relation to the management process, once 55.4% of the key-words are included in this category, against 26.3% from Beyond Budgeting. The power of Beyond Budgeting resides in managerial tools from where emerges 63.5% against 38.4%. The information systems with 6.3% are more important to the Economic Management, whereas decentralization with 8.6% is superior in Beyond Budgeting. It was denoted that both make use of budget, although under different denominations and under the auspices of this technique Economic Management was presented as a deductive, normative and descriptive model, seeking to support managers in their decision process through a strong concept basis, and Beyond Budgeting, inductive, originated from an empiric basis, from a research in organizations, establish a set of leadership principles and adaptive management and consider them as universal / As empresas, e o processo decisório em particular, são afetados pela nova dinâmica da economia, levando gestores, acadêmicos e investidores a buscarem novos modelos de gestão. Da inconformidade com os modelos de gestão existentes surgiram a Gestão Econômica e o Beyond Budgeting, o primeiro objetivando atingir a eficácia organizacional através do resultado econômico, usando o orçamento moderno e o segundo, através de uma gestão flexível, denominada de descentralização radical (empowerment), sem orçamentos, com as decisões tomadas pelos gerentes de linha de frente e elaborando o Rolling Forecast para planejamento financeiro. A problemática deste trabalho foi realizar uma comparação entre ambos, com o objetivo de estabelecer suas principais diferenças, e para validar a pesquisa aplicou-se a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, categorizando expressões importantes como processo de gestão, para entender a proposta dos modelos frente aos desafios de atingir o resultado e eficácia empresarial. Instrumentos de gestão, para visualizar as ferramentas disponibilizadas aos gestores para que estes cumpram sua missão. Sistemas de informação e descentralização complementam as categorias. A associação das palavras-chaves às categorias evidenciou a preocupação da Gestão Econômica com o processo de gestão, uma vez que 55,4% das palavras-chaves incluem-se nesta categoria, contra 26,3% do Beyond Budgeting. A força do Beyond Budgeting reside nos instrumentos de gestão de onde emerge 63,5% contra 38,4%. Os sistemas de informação com 6,3% são mais importante para a Gestão Econômica, enquanto descentralização com 8,6% é superior para o Beyond Budgeting. Denotou também que ambos utilizam o orçamento, embora com denominações diferentes e sob o auspício da Análise de Contúedo a Gestão Econômica apresentou-se como um modelo dedutivo, normativo e descritivo, buscando apoiar os gestores em seu processo decisório através de forte embasamento conceitual e o Beyond Budgeting, indutivo partindo de uma base empírica a partir de uma pesquisa em empresas, estabelece um conjunto de princípios de liderança e gestão adaptativa e considera-os universais

I dagens Sverige konsumeras årligen stora mängder kläder. Nyproduktion av textil har en betydande miljöpåverkan med bland annat stor åtgång av vatten samt mängder av kemikalier. Ett alternativ till allt nyproducerat skulle kunna vara andrahandsmarknaden för kläder.Syftet med studien är att undersöka om de kvinnliga kunderna hos butikerna Myrorna och Beyond Retro konsumerar färre nyproducerade plagg för att de konsumerar second hand- och vintagekläder.Vi har använt oss utav en kvantitativ undersökning där vi intervjuat totalt hundra stycken respondenter i anslutning till Myrorna och Beyond Retros butiker. Vidare har vi genomfört fem stycken kvalitativa intervjuer med vana konsumenter hos ovannämnda butiker, för att fånga deras resonemang bakom svaren.De kvantitativa intervjuerna visar på att en liten majoritet anser sig konsumera färre nyproducerade plagg för att de konsumerar second hand- och vintagekläder. Samt att det överhängande motivet bakom köpen var att second hand- och vintagekläder är unikt och trendigt. I de kvalitativa intervjuerna var resultatet på vår huvudfråga omvänd, och ett djupare resonemang fördes kring deras agerande. Dessa respondenter visade sig i vissa fall ha överskattat sitt konsumerande av second hand- och vintagekläder i förhållande till nyproducerade plagg.In Sweden today we are consuming large quantities of clothes. Production of textiles have significant environmental effects, including high consumption of water and chemicals. An alternative to all the new produced clothes could be the second hand- clothes market.The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the female clients of the stores Myrorna and Beyond Retro consume fewer newly garments because they consume second hand- and vintageclothes.We have used a quantitative study where we interviewed a total of one hundred respondents in connection with Myrorna and Beyond Retro stores. Furthermore, we have conducted five qualitative interviews with consumers of the above stores to capture respondents&apos; reasoning behind the answers.The quantitative interviews show that a small majority consider themselves to consume fewer newly constructed garments when they consume second hand- and vintageclothes. The largest motive behind the purchase was that the second hand- and vintageclothes is unique and trendy. In the qualitative interviews were the result to our main question in reverse, and a deeper reasoning on their actions were disused. These respondents appeared in some cases have overestimated their consuming of second hand- and vintageclothes in relation to the newly constructed garments. / Program: Textil produktutveckling med entreprenörs- och affärsinriktning