O trabalho explora a dinâmica dos jogos plásticos nas artes e das operações de suas obras enquanto máquinas de visão, dispositivos através dos quais determinados aprendizados se desenvolvem enquanto promovem certos processos de invisibilização. Entre negociações dos modos de ver se instaura a instituição do estatuto coletivo do visível. Fatores sociais, tecnológicos, econômicos e políticos se imbricam nessas negociações, implicando na expansão dos processos de produção e reprodução de imagens que culminam na constituição dos campos cegos na cultura visual, áreas abarrotadas de visibilidades ofuscantes. A arte, ciente de ser elemento ativo na constituição dos limites da visão, responde a esse panorama com ações de transbordamento e alargamento desses limites. Adota os campos cegos e suas dinâmicas internas como base para práticas reflexivas. Direciona-se para a identificação de um estatuto do invisível como parte da constituição do próprio estatuto do visível na proposição de experiências sensíveis a partir de diálogos com a invisibilidade. Algumas dessas experiências são analisadas nesta dissertação que reconhece nelas elementos para um mapear dos campos cegos e para uma discussão ampliada da visão / The work explores the dynamics of plastic games in arts and how they work as "seeing machines", or devices which allow them to develop certain types of learning while promoting certain processes of invisibility. Among the negotiations of certain "ways of seeing" the institution of the collective status of the visible is established. Social, technological, economic and political factors overlap in those negotiations, resulting in the expansion of the processes of production and reproduction of images that culminate in the formation of "blind spots" in visual culture, areas marked by dim visibility. Aware that it itself is partially responsible for establishing visual limits, art responds to this situation by overflowing and flooding these limits. It adopts "blind fields" and their internal dynamics as a basis for reflective practices. Ii works towards identifying an invisible status as part of the constitution of the visible statute itself in the proposition of sensory experiences from dialogues with invisibility. Some of these experiments are analyzed in this thesis, which recognizes elements in them and allows for a mapping of "blind spots" and for an expanded discussion of vision

Esta dissertação tem por objetivo pesquisar como o design da experiência pode influenciar e contribuir no desenvolvimento de interfaces de produtos, tendo o seu objetivo de aplicação, o desenvolvimento de uma interface de produto para cegos. Para tanto, inicialmente abordam-se aspectos relacionados a interação de cegos com os produtos e com o ambiente externo, contextualização, suas características e necessidades. Também se apresentam os fatores relacionados ao design da experiência, design de interfaces e métodos para o desenvolvimento de produtos com foco no usuário, contexto de uso e usabilidade. Buscam-se os fatores e diretrizes relacionadas a interação e percepção de usuários referente a produtos, assim como, de que forma o projeto da experiência ocorre no desenvolvimento do projeto de design de produto. Após a fundamentação teórica realiza-se a aplicação de um roteiro de desenvolvimento de interface de produto elaborado com base na metodologia de design thinking e diretrizes relacionadas a partir da pesquisa teórica. O roteiro desenvolvido é aplicado no desenvolvimento de uma interface de produto destinada a usuários cegos, sendo realizado por profissionais de design. Ao final desta pesquisa são apresentados os resultados do produto desenvolvido, bem como, o relatório de observação, a partir do acompanhamento da aplicação do roteiro, servindo de referência para projetos futuros. / This thesis aims to investigate how the experience design can influence and contribute to the development of product interfaces, and their goal of application, developing a user interface for blind product. For this purpose, initially addressing himself interacting aspects of the blind with the products and with the external environment, context, their characteristics and needs. It also presents the factors related to experience design, interface design, and methods for developing products with focus on the user, context of use and usability. Seek the factors and guidelines related to interaction and perception of users regarding products, as well as how the experience design occurs in the project development of product design. After the theoretical foundation is realized applying a development roadmap for the product interface developed based on the methodology of design thinking and related guidelines from the theoretical research. The script developed is applied to develop an interface of produce to blind users, being performed by design professionals. At the end of this research are presented the results of the developed product, as well as the observation report from the monitoring of the implementation of the roadmap, providing a reference for future projects.

Nesta dissertaÃÃo sÃo propostos mÃtodos baseados em processamento tensorial de sinais para a estimaÃÃo de parÃmetros em arranjos de antenas vetoriais elÃtricas (Tripolo), considerando diferentes estruturas de arranjos (ULA, L-shape e UPA). Inicialmente, à utilizado um arranjo em L-shape,resultando em um modelo tensorial de terceira ordem (3-D) que, junto ao algoritmo de estimaÃÃo T-ALS (do inglÃs, Trilinear Alternating Least Squares), possibilita a identificaÃÃo cega de pelo menos o dobro de fontes estimadas pelos modelos tradicionais. Em seguida, sob transmissÃo supervisionada, à proposto um mÃtodo alternativo, utilizando a decomposiÃÃo SVD, o qual à comparado ao mÃtodo tensorial com uso do algoritmo T-ALS. Uma segunda abordagem à proposta utilizando-se uma estrutura de arranjo planar de antenas (UPA), a qual faz uso de um modelo tensorial de quarta ordem (4-D) junto ao algoritmo de estimaÃÃo Q-ALS (do inglÃs, Quadrilinear Alternating Least Squares). Neste caso, um mÃtodo alternativo à proposto usando a fatoraÃÃo do produto de Khatri-Rao e uma anÃlise comparativa destes mÃtodos à realizada. Considerando-se o caso supervisionado, à feito ainda um estudo comparativo dos algoritmos Q-ALS, T-ALS e SVD, e um novo algoritmo, chamado Nested-SVD à proposto. Por fim, foi realizada a modelagem computacional do tripolo elÃtrico com uso de software de simulaÃÃo de alta frequÃncia (HFSS), possibilitando a extraÃÃo do parÃmetro de ganho espacial dos arranjos L-shape e UPA. Em seguida, à feita a avaliaÃÃo do desempenho dos mÃtodos tensoriais propostos usando este parÃmetro em uma situaÃÃo mais realista, e comparado ao desempenho usando modelos idealizados de arranjos de antenas com ganho unitÃrio e omnidirecional. O desempenho dos mÃtodos propostos à avaliado atravÃs de simulaÃÃes de Monte Carlo em diferentes cenÃrios e configuraÃÃes de arranjo / In this dissertation, we propose methods based on tensor signal processing for the parameter estimation in electric vector (Tripole) antenna arrays, considering different structures of arrays (ULA, L-shape and UPA). Initially, using a L-shape array, we develop a third order (3-D) tensor model for the received data. Based on this model, a trilinear alternating least squares (T-ALS) algorithm is used for the blind estimation of the sourceâs parameters. Then, under supervised transmission an alternative method is proposed by resorting to the SVD decomposition, which is compared to the T-ALS algorithm. A second approach is proposed, which is based on a uniform planar array antenna (UPA). In this case a fourth-order (4-D) tensor model is obtained, and the Q-ALS (Quadrilinear Alternating Least Squares) algorithm is used for parameter estimation. An alternative method is also proposed, which exploits the factorization of the Khatri-Rao product. Considering the supervised case, a new algorithm called Nested-SVD is proposed and a comparative study with Q-ALS, T-ALS and SVD algorithms is carried out. The performance of the proposed methods is evaluated through Monte Carlo simulations in different scenarios and array settings. Finally, computational modeling of electric tripole using the high frequency simulation software (HFSS) was performed, enabling the extraction of the L-shape and UPA spatial array gain. Then, the performance of the proposed tensor methods is evaluated in a more realistic scenario, and compared to idealized omnidirectional and unitary gain antenna array models

Nesta tese, propomo-nos a analisar efeitos de sentido no discurso de alunos cegos e de professores cegos e videntes. Temos como propósito a educação inclusiva, sob a perspectiva da linguagem e subjetividade do cego no processo de educação formal escolarizada. Buscamos compreender como são produzidos sentidos na experiência pedagógica da inclusão de crianças portadoras de necessidades especiais, tendo em vista trazer elementos para novas significações educacionais. Fundamentamos a pesquisa, principalmente, em conceitos da teoria da Análise de Discurso (AD) de linha francesa, criada por M. Pêcheux e teoria enunciativa de Authier-Revuz, autores que consideram a interface dos campos teóricos da linguagem e da psicanálise de Freud e Lacan, bem como nos estudos que configuram a área da Educação Inclusiva de portadores de deficiência. Trabalhamos com conceitos tais como os de discurso, interdiscurso, intradiscurso; enunciação e heterogeneidade, não-coincidências do dizer, conceitos estes que abrem um leque de articulações com a psicanálise e o complexo campo das questões de identidade, singularidade, subjetividade, bem como da pulsão escópica, implicados na constituição das representações discursivas, tanto dos deficientes visuais como dos videntes. O corpus da pesquisa foi constituído a partir de transcrições de gravações de observações diretas em sala de aula em classes de pré-alfabetização e alfabetização e outros contextos escolares, durante dois anos, e ainda a partir de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, realizadas com alunos cegos em estágio avançado de escolarização, com professores licenciados cego e vidente, atuantes em classes inclusivas, na cidade de Porto Alegre-RS. A análise discursiva, efetivada a partir de recortes destacados, foi conduzida de modo a evidenciar efeitos de sentidos produzidos pelos sujeitos. As conclusões da análise evidenciam a singularidade de cada experiência relacionada à inclusão escolar do cego. Propõe-se a abertura para uma investigação constante e sistemática de avanços e recuos das possibilidades de trabalho em educação inclusiva, de modo que os novos fazeres e relações pedagógicas promovam um contínuo movimento revitalizador do processo educativo, o qual está sempre em construção, quer se trate de cegos, videntes ou portadores de qualquer tipo de diferença. A educação deve ser sempre inclusiva. / In this thesis we propose to analyze the effects of sense in the discourse of blind students and of blind teachers and not blind ones. Our purpose is the inclusive education from the perspective of the language and subjectivity of the blind in the process of formal education in schools. We intend to understand how senses are produced in the pedagogical experience of the inclusion of disabled children, having in mind new educational significations. We based our research, mainly on the concepts of the Discourse AnalysisTheory (AD) from the French line of thinking, created by M.Pêcheux and on the Enunciative Theory by Authier-Revuz who are authors that consider the interface of the theoretical fields of language and Freud and Lacan’s psychoanalysis, as well as on the studies which build the field of Inclusive Education of disabled children. We worked with concepts like the ones of discourse, interdiscourse, intradiscourse, enunciation and heterogeneity, as well as non-coincidence of speech, concepts which establish a wide range of discussions with psychoanalysis and the complex field of identity questions, singularity and subjectivity as well as scopic pulsion, implicated in the discourse representations of visually impaired children and not blind ones. The corpus of this research was based on recorded transcriptions of direct observations in classrooms of prealphabetized and alphabetized as well as on other school contexts during two years. It was carried out also based on semi-structured interviews that were conducted with blind students in a high scolarization level and with graduated blind and not blind teachers, who were working in inclusive classes in the city of Porto Alegre – RS. The discoursive analysis accomplished was based on paper clippings in order to make evident the effects of the senses produced by the subjects. The conclusions of the analysis show the singularity of each experience related to the inclusive process of the blind in school. We propose a constant and systematic investigation of the advances and setbacks of the possibilities of working with inclusive education, aiming at new constructions and pedagogical relationships in order to promote a continuous movement to revitalize the educational process that’s being built, not taking into account if it deals with the deaf, not blind or people with any kind of disability. Education has to be always inclusive.

Blind people cannot enter text on touch devices using common input methods. They use special input methods that have lower performance (i.e. lower entry rate and higher error rate). Most blind people have muscle memory from using classic physical keyboards, but the potential of using this memory is not utilized by existing input methods. The goal of the project is to take advantage of this muscle memory to improve the typing performance of blind people on wide touch panels. To this end, four input methods are designed, and a prototype for each one is developed. These input methods are compared with each other and with a standard input method. The results of the comparison show that using input methods designed in this report improves typing performance. The most promising and the least promising approaches are specified.

This thesis explores how to design for the visually impaired. During the course of work, a literature study and interviews with blind and visually impaired people were conducted. The objective was to investigate what contextual information is wanted in new and unfamiliar spaces outside their home. The interviews also explored how they experience digital tools they are using today and what they think of the possibilities of voice and other user interfaces. The main finding from the study is that there are indications that multimodal interfaces are preferred. The interface should combine voice, haptic and graphics since the participants wanted to interact in different ways depending on functionality and context. Three main problem areas were identified, navigation, public transportation and shopping. Another result was that when developing for the visually impaired it should always be tested on people with a wide variation of vision loss to find the correct contextual information.

Doctorat en sciences psychologiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

In aeronautical telemetry, the multipath interference usually causes significant performance degradation. As the bit rate of telemetry systems increases, the impairments of multipath interference are more serious. The constant modulus algorithm (CMA) blind equalizer is effective to mitigate the impairments of multipath interference. The CMA adapts the equalizer coefficients to minimize the deviation of the signal envelope from a constant level. This paper presents the performances of the CMA blind equalizer applied for PCM-FM, PCM-BPSK, SOQPSK-TG and ARTM CPM in aeronautical telemetry.

In recent years, concern about a new epidemic of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) has focused attention on the increasing incidence of the disease and the factors responsible for its most severe consequences. Two studies designed to address these issues were done using data from three sources: the B.C. Health Surveillance Registry (Registry), Physicians's Notices of Livebirth (PNOB), and the Vancouver General Hospital (VGH). In the first study, Registry and PNOB records were used to determine crude annual birth weight-specific incidence rates for ROP in infants liveborn in the Province of British Columbia (B.C.) in the period 1952-1983. These rates showed that, in B.C., the original epidemic of the disease ended in 1954. Linear regression lines fitted for each of four birth weight categories showed that, in the 29 year period after 1954, there was a significant increase in the incidence of ROP-induced blindness in infants weighing less than 1000 grams at birth. To refine this observation, the data were sub-divided: the 29 year period, to two smaller periods, 1955-1964 and 1965-1983; the less than 1000 gram birth weight category to two sub-categories, 500-749 and 750-999 grams. Since the inter-period incidence should have been similar if the birth weight-specific incidence had not changed since the end of the original epidemic, the crude weight-specific rates for ROP-induced blindness in the early period were used to calculate the expected number of cases in the later period. When weight-standardized incidence ratios (SIR's) and 95% confidence limits were calculated, the results showed that, in the 750-999 gram sub-category, the SIR was significantly increased. Infants born in the period 1965-1983 were 3.07 times more likely to be ROP: blind than their equal weight counterparts in the earlier period. In infants weighing 500-749 and 1000 grams or more, there was no evidence to suggest an increase in incidence after 1954. The second study was done to determine the cofactors that differentiate infants who are blinded by ROP from those who are not. Infants were included if (i) they were born in B.C. between 1955 and 1983, (ii) they were known to the Registry as being ROP: blind (cases) or not blind (controls), and (iii) they were born in or admitted to the VGH within 28 days of birth. When the data from all three data sources were dichotomized and analyzed using univariate techniques, two variables, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and neonatal weight loss, showed a significantly protective effect. The effect of RDS disappeared when the data were stratified by birth interval indicating that the observed association was confounded by time. When the variables were reanalyzed in continuous form, none were significantly associated with visual outcome. However, since the power of the cofactor study was extremely low, none of the variables that were included can be eliminated as potential cofactors for the induction of blindness in infants with ROP. / Medicine, Faculty of / Population and Public Health (SPPH), School of / Graduate

The multimedia revolution has made a strong impact on our society. The explosive growth of the Internet, the access to this digital information generates new opportunities and challenges. The ease of editing and duplication in digital domain created the concern of copyright protection for content providers. Various schemes to embed secondary data in the digital media are investigated to preserve copyright and to discourage unauthorized duplication: where digital watermarking is a viable solution. This thesis proposes a novel invisible watermarking scheme: a discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain based watermark embedding and blind extraction algorithm for copyright protection of the color images. Testing of the proposed watermarking scheme's robustness and security via different benchmarks proves its resilience to digital attacks. The detectors response, PSNR and RMSE results show that our algorithm has a better security performance than most of the existing algorithms.