L'historiographie qui porte sur le travail rémunéré des femmes au Québec remonte à une trentaine d'années. Les études se penchent presqu'exclusivement sur des cas montréalais. L'historiographie des régions québécoises se concentre surtout sur le développement économique et industriel des petites villes et des campagnes. Cette étude vise à mieux connaître l'histoire des travailleuses en région, et particulièrement à Shawinigan. Comment la dynamique de petite ville industrielle de Shawinigan a-t-elle façonné la vie de travail des femmes entre 1945 et 1963 ? Nous avons choisi de prendre comme exemple les employées de bureau de la Shawinigan Water and Power, l'entreprise fondatrice de Shawinigan et l'un des employeurs les plus influents de la petite municipalité. Pour répondre à cette question, nous avons eu recours aux journaux d'entreprise et à divers documents des archives d'Hydro-Québec, aux journaux locaux de l'époque ainsi qu'à des entrevues avec six anciennes employées de la Shawinigan Water and Power. Dans les années cinquante, la ville de Shawinigan jouit encore d'un certain prestige même si l'économie locale, basée sur l'industrie lourde et le textile, est sur le point de s'effondrer. La vie communautaire est très dynamique et les activités culturelles et sportives multiples. La population shawiniganaise est majoritairement canadienne-française et catholique. On compte toutefois une élite anglophone protestante très influente. Les possibilités d'emplois offertes aux femmes demeurent réduites mais les sources démontrent que plusieurs d'entre elles peuvent choisir ou non de se marier, devenir propriétaire et voyager. Des femmes mariées et des mères choisissent aussi de continuer à occuper un emploi rémunéré. La Shawinigan Water and Power a utilisé de nombreuses pratiques paternalistes et de corporate welfare capitalism dans la gestion de son entreprise. Ces pratiques se sont révélées fort efficaces puisque les employés, bien que syndiqués, étaient peu militants au sein de la compagnie-mère. Cette culture d'entreprise, ainsi que les relations entre les cadres anglophones et les employés francophones, ont grandement influencé la vie quotidienne des travailleuses. Même si leur accès à des promotions demeurait réduit, certaines employées ont su se réaliser au travail. Elles ont également développé une culture propre marquée par la camaraderie et l'entraide. Ces constatations nous amènent donc à conclure que malgré la petite taille de la ville de Shawinigan, ce qui implique souvent un milieu plus conservateur, et le nombre réduit de modèles proposés aux femmes, certaines Shawiniganaises des années cinquante ont pu mener une vie de travail bien remplie et enrichissante. Les employées de la Shawinigan Water and Power, qui travaillaient en anglais et côtoyaient des anglophones, ont également pu découvrir une autre culture et un autre mode de vie. Cette influence, différente de celle de leur milieu familial, les a amenées à développer de nouveaux modèles de vie. Tenaillées entre deux cultures, les Shawiniganaises ont développé un mode de vie moins conservateur. précurseur de la Révolution tranquille qui était sur le point d'éclore au Québec. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Histoire, Québec, XXe Siècle, Shawinigan, Shawinigan Water and Power, Femmes, Travail de bureau, Paternalisme, Corporate welfare capitalism.

民國91、92年間國內、外經濟景氣低迷，失業率不斷攀升，許多勞工面臨經濟上之窘境，故修正勞工保險條例第67條增列勞工保險基金運用於勞工貸款，使勞工保險之被保險人可以提前動支老年給付，最後再以保險給付抵銷之，以靈活調整財務狀況，照顧勞工生計，自民國92年開始增列勞工保險基金得運用於被保險人貸款，然勞工保險局紓困貸款開辦至今已12年，一項政策執行是實現政策目標和解決政策問題的實際行動，還需透過政策評估來提供政策運行的正確資訊，以檢驗政策結果作為政策調整與建議的依據。 勞工生活狀況及個人特質的不同可能會影響勞工辦理紓困貸款原因，而申辦制度及還款方式的設計亦會影響勞工還款的意願，針對目前日漸嚴重逾期償還的問題恐會影響勞工老年經濟生活，本研究旨在探討申請者對於申請勞工保險局紓困貸款的原因以及對於紓困貸款制度之滿意程度，並調查申請者對於目前實施的紓困貸款制度的看法與建議，另參考主要國家辦理勞工貸款制度以做為我國辦理紓困貸款的學習。採用便利抽樣方式，以勞工保險局之被保險人親自到臺北辦事處旁之土地銀行南門分行臨櫃辦理紓困貸款的申請者為研究對象，問卷的發放以紓困貸款開辦期間103年1月3日至1月17日止，在土地銀行南門分行的協助下，本研究回收問卷130份，剔除無效問卷(即填答一致及漏填整大題或基本資料)為14份，有效問卷係為116份，研究結果分為勞工貸款制度之比較分析及我國勞工貸款制度之實施成效，與以下研究建議： 1.變更勞工紓困貸款的名稱。 2.以個人帳戶之勞工退休金辦理貸款更為妥適。 3.貸款資格應明確規範申請用途。 4.加強政策的宣導。

<p>Corruption is a serious problem which has many negative impacts on sustainable economic development globally. The clandestine nature of corruption makes it difficult to detect. Hence, efforts to combat corruption successfully demand comprehensive anti-corruption legislation, strong powers, as well as special investigative techniques and strategies. An effective anti-corruption regime requires a comprehensive anti-corruption legal framework which not only punishes all forms of corruption but also capacitates anti-corruption institutions. A strong anti-corruption agency is a&nbsp / crucial requirement and a necessary part of a country&rsquo / s anti-corruption strategy. The failure or the success of an anti-corruption agency depends on a variety of factors, such as powers and means to detect, investigate and prosecute corruption and related offences. The lack of trained staff, as well as the lack of adequate material resources, also affects the effectiveness of an anti-corruption agency. The anti-corruption agencies covered by this research are not empowered or resourced sufficiently, which may result in their ineffectiveness. This paper provides a set of recommendations in respect of the powers and strategies needed for a successful anti-corruption agency.</p>

In an era of acute concern about airline safety, bird strikes are still one of the major hazards to aviation worldwide. The severity of the problem is such that it is mandatory in all developed countries to include bird management as part of airport safety management programs. In Australia, there are approximately 500 bird aircraft strikes per year (Bailey 2000). Brisbane airport has a relatively high occurrence of strikes, with an average of 77 recorded every year (2002-2004). Given the severity of the problem, a variety of techniques have been employed by airports to reduce bird strikes. Scare devices, repellents, continuous patrols for bird hazing, use of raptors to clear airspace of birds and depredation are used by many airports. Even given the diversity of control methods available, it is accepted that habitat management is the most effective long term way to control birds in and around the airport space. Experimental studies have shown that habitat manipulation and active scaring measures (shooting, scaring etc), can reduce bird numbers to an acceptable level. The current study investigated bird populations in six major vegetation habitat types identified within the operational and surrounding areas of Brisbane airport. In order to determine areas where greater bird control and management should be focused, bird abundance, distribution, and activity were recorded and habitats that pose the greatest bird strike risk to aircraft were identified. Secondly, species with high hazard potential were identified and ranked according to their hazard potential to aircraft. This study also investigated the effectiveness of different vegetation management options to reduce bird species abundance within operational areas of Brisbane airport. Four different management options were compared. Each management option was assessed for grass structural complexity and potential food resources available to hazardous bird species. Analysis of recorded data showed that of the habitats compared within the Brisbane airport boundaries, grasslands surrounding runways, taxiways and aprons possess the greatest richness and abundance of bird species that pose the greatest potential hazard to aircraft. Ibis and the Australian kestrel were identified as the bird species that pose the greatest risk to aircraft at Brisbane airport, and both were found in greatest numbers within the managed grasslands surrounding operational areas at the airport. An improved reporting process that allows correct identification of all individual bird species involved in bird strikes will not only increase the accuracy of risk assessments, but will also allow implementation of more effective control strategies at Brisbane airport. Compared with current grassland management practice, a vegetation management option of maintaining grass height at 30-50cm reduced total bird utilisation by 89% while utilisation of grassland by potentially hazardous birds was also reduced by 85%. Maintaining grass height within the 30-50cm range also resulted in a 45% reduction in the number of manipulations required per year (11 to 6), when compared with current management practices, and a 64% reduction in annual maintenance cost per hectare. When extrapolated to the entire maintained grass area at Brisbane airport, this resulted in a saving of over $60 000 annually. Optimisation of potential hazard reduction will rely on future studies that investigate the effect of particular vegetation species that could replace the existing mix of grasses used at Brisbane airport and an understanding of the relative importance of vegetation structure and food supply in determining utilisation by potentially hazardous bird species.

Thesis--Catholic University of America. / Bibliography: p. 349-360.

Thesis--Catholic University of America. / Bibliography: p. 349-360.

Thesis (M.S.)--Florida State University, 2006. / Advisor: James R. Simpson, Florida State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Industrial Engineering. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Sept. 22, 2006). Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 95 pages. Includes bibliographical references.

A suinocultura tem se fortalecido no mercado internacional devido ao aumento de consumo, importação e exportação de seus produtos e subprodutos; e principalmente pela necessidade mundial por alimentos, pelos avanços tecnológicos voltados à produção e comercialização, e pela valorização à qualidade dos produtos. Neste contexto, destaca-se a utilização da rastreabilidade aplicada na cadeia suína, como condição primordial para a comercialização nas exportações da carne suína brasileira. Dentre os processos de rastreabilidade, o acompanhamento “do campo à mesa” é um dos mais discutidos nos últimos anos, devido à amplitude de seu sistema, envolvendo a cadeia de suprimentos, a cadeia produtiva, o rastreamento de ativos e inspeções. O Brasil dispõe do terceiro maior rebanho suíno para abate do mundo, e faz uso de diversas tecnologias de rastreabilidade. Este trabalho descreve um estudo do frigorífico Doux localizado em Ana Rech, Caxias do Sul–RS, considerando a rastreabilidade sob um novo enfoque que engloba o caminho do suíno desde “o Laboratório à Mesa”, através da observação de diferenciais competitivos e ganhos produtivos que possam ser fornecidos através de informações rastreadas de carga genética, produtores e níveis de referência produtiva. A metodologia utilizada envolveu a pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter exploratório, através do desenvolvimento de um estudo de caso, utilizando-se ainda material documental e entrevistas individuais semi-estruturadas, considerando-se como embasamento teórico as abordagens relacionadas à rastreabilidade da carne suína, cadeia de suprimentos e cadeia produtiva suína. Como resultados esperados, prevê-se que a utilização da rastreabilidade “do Laboratório à Mesa” possibilitará à empresa, fazendo uso da união da genética e a sua gestão, bem como das especificidades dos diferentes mercados, melhorar o produto, atender determinadas características solicitadas por esses mercados, garantindo uma maior competitividade. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-13T13:18:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Andrea Rivieri dos Santos.pdf: 3521893 bytes, checksum: 25dde28dbfb42f01f1e249487449f315 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-13T13:18:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Andrea Rivieri dos Santos.pdf: 3521893 bytes, checksum: 25dde28dbfb42f01f1e249487449f315 (MD5) / The pig industry has become stronger in the international market due to increased consumption, import and export of their products and by-products especially the need for food of the world, through technological advances aimed at production and marketing, and the enhancement of product quality. In this context, we highlight the use of the traceability chain applied in swine, as a prime condition for commercialization in Brazil's pork exports. Among the processes of tracking, monitoring "from farm to fork" is one of the most discussed in recent years due to the breadth of your system, involving the supply chain, production chain, asset tracking and inspections. Brazil has the third largest herd of pigs for slaughter in the world, and makes use of several technologies for traceability. This paper describes a study of the company Doux located in Ana Rech, Caxias do Sul-RS, considering traceability in a new approach that encompasses the path of the pig from "Lab to the mouth", through the observation of competitive advantages and productivity gains that can be provided through the genetic information tracked, producers and production benchmarks. The methodology involved qualitative research, exploratory, by developing a case study, using documentary material and even individual semi-structured, considering as the theoretical framework approaches related to pork traceability, chain supplies and pork production chain. It is expected, as result, that the use of traceability "Lab to the mouth” will allow the company, by using the union of genetics and its management as well as the specificities of different markets, improvement of the product, meet certain characteristics required by these markets, ensuring greater competitiveness.

La Première Guerre mondiale prive la France d’une partie des mines du Nord et du Pas-de-Calais, d’un grand nombre de mineurs et des importations de combustible allemandes et belges. En dépit des principes libéraux de la Troisième République, l’État, pour résoudre la pénurie, est conduit à intervenir de plus en plus dans la production, le transport et la commercialisation du charbon. À partir de l’été 1917, le ministre de l’Armement Louis Loucheur organise une administration spécifique, le Bureau national des Charbons, qui exerce la mainmise sur ce marché en regroupant les producteurs et les consommateurs, en fixant les prix et en réglementant la répartition. Après l’armistice, l’augmentation des prix anglais et la faible exécution des livraisons de charbon allemand rendent nécessaires le maintien du contrôle de l’administration. L’objectif du Bureau national des Charbons est alors d’unifier le marché national en essayant d’instaurer des prix de vente uniques sur tout le territoire. Mais en avantageant certaines catégories de consommateurs, il devient également un instrument de politique économique. Ce régime de guerre est supprimé brutalement au début de 1921. La France fait alors face à une crise industrielle de surproduction qui met fin à la pénurie et remet en cause l’intervention de l’État dans le marché. / During the First World War, France loses some coalmines in Nord and Pas-de-Calais, a large number of miners and German and Belgian imports. Despite the liberal principles of the Third Republic, the French State intervenes more and more into the production, the transport and the commercialization of coal to fix the shortage. From summer 1917, the Minister of Armament Louis Loucheur settles a specific administration, the Bureau national des Charbons, which controls the whole market: it gathers producers and consumers, fixes prices and rules the repartition. After the Armistice, increased English prices and insufficient German deliveries impose on the administration to keep controlling the market. The Bureau national des Charbons aims to unify the national market with single sales price for the whole country. It also becomes an instrument of economic policy since it can give some advantages to specific categories of consumer. At the beginning of 1921, this war system is suddenly dismantled. France faces then an industrial overproduction crisis which gives an end to the shortage and questions the State’s market intervention.

This thesis focuses on liability for damage caused by vehicles with emphasis on the settlement of claims in nestadradních cases. Work maps ensure the process of liquidation in the event of damage caused by an uninsured vehicle, or vehicle insured by a foreign insurer. The aim is to assess practices and their effectiveness due to the victim.