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Why has the United States frequently intervened in the affairs of Latin American governments? How have the motivations changed over time, and how have they stayed the same? Are American Presidents more motivated by economic or political threats to hegemony? What methods has the United States used to maintain its dominance over the Western Hemisphere, and how have they changed? This paper seeks to address all of these questions, using a full historical examination as well as the case study of Salvador Allende's Chile. Drawing upon numerous scholars' work as well as individual research and investigation, this paper seeks to prove the following hypotheses: Since the creation of the Monroe Doctrine, which marked America’s entry into regional foreign affairs as a major player, the United States has acted upon a self-created moral imperative and entitlement to dominate the Americas. The motivation behind the indispensable maintenance of hegemony is as much symbolic as concrete. Many factors such as the threat of communism or European influence have been used as justification for American meddling. In fact, the main motivations are economic control of the hemisphere and the perception of American ideological supremacy among Latin American people (most importantly political leaders), not the spread of democracy or the promotion of human rights. Earlier in the United States' history, military intervention was more commonly used to achieve the aforementioned goals. With the onset of the Cold War, covert operations, equally potent, became increasingly prevalent. The following chapters present a story of the United States constantly positioning itself to be in the sole position of dominance (economic, political, and ideological) in the region of the Americas.

As the world became at once more interconnected and more polarized during the twentieth century, the need for the major powers to effectively communicate their perspective to the rest of the world through propaganda grew stronger. However, although the United States was undeniably gaining prestige and influence by the late 1930s, the upstart global power struggled to implement a lasting and successful propaganda program. In the years immediately preceding the Second World War, when the United States was targeted by both Axis and Soviet propaganda, U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt proved reluctant to implement a peacetime state-sponsored propaganda program. Roosevelt’s successor Harry Truman, on the other hand, did not share this reluctance and throughout the first years of the Cold War sanctioned the establishment of several peacetime programs. However, because of Truman’s lack of understanding of and personal commitment to the use of propaganda, U.S. efforts in this field were uncoordinated, expensive, and largely ineffective. As a result, the highly centralized Soviet propaganda machine constantly tried to divide the United States and its allies and draw more countries into the communist camp. It was not until Dwight Eisenhower, arguably the first true psychological warrior to become president, took office in 1953 that U.S. Cold War propagandists began to match the efforts of their Soviet counterparts. Eisenhower used his organizational talents and military experiences with psychological warfare to restructure U.S. foreign information services into highly coordinated, cost-effective, and efficient Cold War weapons. With the establishment of the United States Information Agency in October 1953, the United States gained more control of its image abroad, casting both U.S. domestic and foreign policies in as favourable a light as possible while simultaneously condemning communists as disingenuous, autocratic imperialists. While U.S. officials struggled to implement effective psychological warfare programs, they were inevitably forced to confront difficult questions concerning the role of propaganda in a democratic society. Whereas a majority of Americans in the interwar period regarded propaganda as anathema, and a tool to which only fascists and communists resorted, by the time Eisenhower took office a growing number of officials had concluded that the stakes in the Cold War were simply too high to leave anything to chance. As a result, these officials argued, it was imperative that the U.S. government target not only international, but also domestic audiences with state-sponsored propaganda in order to ‘educate’ the public on U.S. Cold War objectives and the perils of communism. / Graduate

Submitted by Gustavo Gomes (gustavolascasas@gmail.com) on 2013-09-25T14:20:29Z No. of bitstreams: 2 As organiza????es policiais e os processos de transi????o entre modelos.pdf: 1354080 bytes, checksum: 5d4b59d91c105929e3a7623c361d0be3 (MD5) license_rdf: 21658 bytes, checksum: 01bdef39dd2201d7d3514cfb6f65ed5d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Roger Guedes (roger.guedes@fjp.mg.gov.br) on 2013-09-27T00:13:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 As organiza????es policiais e os processos de transi????o entre modelos.pdf: 1354080 bytes, checksum: 5d4b59d91c105929e3a7623c361d0be3 (MD5) license_rdf: 21658 bytes, checksum: 01bdef39dd2201d7d3514cfb6f65ed5d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-27T00:13:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 As organiza????es policiais e os processos de transi????o entre modelos.pdf: 1354080 bytes, checksum: 5d4b59d91c105929e3a7623c361d0be3 (MD5) license_rdf: 21658 bytes, checksum: 01bdef39dd2201d7d3514cfb6f65ed5d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Funda????o Jo??o Pinheiro / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo discutir ??? te??rica e empiricamente ??? o alcance explicativo da sociologia das organiza????es e suas proposi????es alternativas ao modelo econ??mico de a????o social e mudan??a organizacional, mais especificamente em sua abordagem institucional. De um ponto de vista emp??rico tem como objetivo abordar tais discuss??es por meio das implica????es, de natureza organizacional, do processo de mudan??a do modelo convencional, profissional-burocr??tico de policiamento, para o modelo de policiamento comunit??rio, em organiza????es policiais militares. Em outras palavras, procura demonstrar que a transi????o de uma estrat??gia organizacional para outra implica mudan??as significativas na estrutura e ???car??ter??? da organiza????o, com altos custos para a sua estabilidade. Essa afirma????o adv??m de considera????es te??ricas realizadas na ocasi??o da disserta????o de mestrado. Naquele trabalho, foram discutidos, de um ponto de vista l??gico e conceitual, os principais elementos que constituem as organiza????es de um modo geral e as organiza????es policiais militares, de modo particular, com o intuito de apontar evid??ncias acerca das consequ??ncias implicadas nos processos de altera????o do design e procedimentos organizacionais. O presente trabalho, por sua vez, tem como perspectiva que processos de mudan??a em organiza????es policiais, aqui as organiza????es policiais militares, refletem mais estrat??gias de n??o mudan??a, ou seja, maneiras de absor????o de incertezas ambientais, em um contexto de deslocamento entre estrutura e ambiente organizacional, no qual demandas ambientais pouco influenciam o formato estrutural das organiza????es de pol??cia. Sup??e-se, desse modo, que a pol??cia, tida como organiza????o formal, est?? sujeita ?? an??lise atrav??s da sociologia das organiza????es, n??o devendo se submeter exclusivamente ??s teorias espec??ficas de pol??cia ou ?? policiologia, como tradicionalmente tem sido feito. Um dos focos do trabalho, assim, diz respeito a discuss??es de natureza te??rica sobre tens??es estruturais entre modelos distintos, buscando evid??ncias emp??ricas do argumento apresentado, por meio de informa????es de natureza qualitativa. A abordagem organizacional ?? apresentada ap??s uma breve considera????o de seu background te??rico, de um modelo racional fechado, ?? cr??tica feita pela sociologia organizacional, cr??tica que possibilitou a constru????o de um instrumental te??rico e metodol??gico compat??vel com a an??lise de organiza????es complexas, como ?? o caso das organiza????es policiais. / This paper aims to discuss - both theoretically and empirically - the explanatory power of the sociology of organizations and their alternative proposals to the economic model of social action and organizational change, specifically in its institutional approach. From an empirical point of view, it aims to address these through discussions about the implications of organizational nature on the change process of the conventional policing model, (professional-bureaucratic) to the community policing model. In other words, argues that the transition from an organizational strategy to another requires significant changes in the structure and ethos of the organization, with high costs for its stability. This statement comes from theoretical considerations made on the occasion of a dissertation for a master??s degree. At that work were discussed, in a logical and conceptual standpoint, the constitutional elements of organizations (in general), and of the military police organizations, in particular, with the intention to point evidences regarding the consequences involved in the processes of organizational design and procedure changes. This work, in turn, presents the perspective that processes of change in police organizations, military police organizations here, reflect more strategies to not change, as they are ways to absorb environmental uncertainty in a context of displacement between structure and organizational environment, in which environmental demands little influence the structural format of police organizations. It is assumed thereby that the police, taken as a formal organization, is subject to analysis by the sociology of organizations, and should not be subject only to police specific theories, as has been traditionally. Thus, one of the focuses in this work relates to theoretical discussions about structural tensions between different organizational models, seeking empirical evidence of the argument presented by means of qualitative information. The organizational approach is presented after a brief consideration of its theoretical background, a closed rational model criticized by the organizational sociology, criticism witch allowed the construction of a theoretical and methodology tool consistent with the analysis of complex organizations, such as police organizations. / Trabalho

Submitted by Gustavo Gomes (gustavolascasas@gmail.com) on 2014-03-13T12:58:52Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Mudancas organizacionais na implementacao do policiamento comunit??rio.pdf: 604665 bytes, checksum: 13e0453f2c1827727bc37c1de535851c (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Roger Guedes (roger.guedes@fjp.mg.gov.br) on 2014-03-13T18:04:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Mudancas organizacionais na implementacao do policiamento comunit??rio.pdf: 604665 bytes, checksum: 13e0453f2c1827727bc37c1de535851c (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-03-13T18:04:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Mudancas organizacionais na implementacao do policiamento comunit??rio.pdf: 604665 bytes, checksum: 13e0453f2c1827727bc37c1de535851c (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002 / Funda????o Jo??o Pinheiro / Discute as implica????es, de natureza organizacional, do processo de mudan??a do modelo convencional, profissional-burocr??tico de policiamento, para o modelo, hoje t??o difundido, de policiamento comunit??rio. Demonstra que a transi????o de uma estrat??gia organizacional para outra implica mudan??as significativas na estrutura e car??ter da organiza????o, com altos custos para a estabilidade organizacional. Foi feita uma discuss??o de natureza te??rica sobre tens??es estruturais entre modelos organizacionais distintos, buscando, oportunamente, ilustrar esta discuss??o com exemplos que sirvam como evid??ncias emp??ricas do argumento apresentado. Delineou-se, com o aux??lio da teoria das organiza????es, quais foram as altera????es relacionadas ao processo de implementa????o de tais mudan??as, do ponto de vista organizacional. Chegou-se a conclus??o que n??o ?? poss??vel a implementa????o do policiamento comunit??rio, portanto, mantendo-se a atual estrutura organizacional da pol??cia. / Defesa e Seguran??a

?rea de concentra??o: Planejamento, Gest?o de Integra??o Universidade e Servi?os de Sa?de. / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-05-21T18:55:53Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) cynthia_antunes_barbosa.pdf: 1026437 bytes, checksum: 8fad370131a95c857abd1dbdb60bddd8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-06-05T14:48:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) cynthia_antunes_barbosa.pdf: 1026437 bytes, checksum: 8fad370131a95c857abd1dbdb60bddd8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-05T14:48:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) cynthia_antunes_barbosa.pdf: 1026437 bytes, checksum: 8fad370131a95c857abd1dbdb60bddd8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / A homologa??o das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do Curso de Gradua??o em Farm?cia por meio dos seus princ?pios, fundamentos, condi??es e procedimentos para a forma??o dos farmac?uticos prop?s mudan?as significativas na concep??o e no modelo de educa??o, com conte?do para a forma??o direcionada para a realidade s?cio econ?mica do pa?s. A concep??o do ensino passou ser pautada para a forma??o de indiv?duos com respostas ?s necessidades concretas da popula??o, direcionada para pesquisa com compet?ncias para a produ??o de novas ideias e conhecimentos, para o fortalecimento do Sistema ?nico de Sa?de, al?m da sua prepara??o voltada para o mercado de trabalho, ficando sob a responsabilidade das institui??es de ensino superior em desenvolver curr?culo e projeto pol?tico pedag?gico para o atendimento desta proposta. Desse modo, considerando a forma??o de recursos humanos farmac?uticos para atua??o no SUS e reflex?es sobre o cen?rio vivenciado, o estudo objetiva identificar o conhecimento de estudantes do curso de gradua??o em farm?cia sobre o SUS e sua rela??o com a matriz curricular da institui??o de ensino. Como objetivos espec?ficos, buscou-se identificar na matriz curricular os conte?dos de forma??o profissional para atua??o no SUS segundo as exig?ncias das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do Curso de Gradua??o em Farm?cia e relacionar o conhecimento dos estudantes com o conte?do de forma??o profissional da matriz curricular de uma institui??o da cidade de Montes Claros-MG. Trata-se de um estudo de caso descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados como instrumentos um question?rio aplicado aos estudantes do curso de farm?cia e um formul?rio check list com vista a identificar as vari?veis na estrutura curricular do curso de farm?cia e no plano de ensino da disciplina. A an?lise de dados ocorreu em dois momentos, no primeiro foi empregada a an?lise estat?stica descritiva e o Teste Exato de Fisher e o segundo foi marcado pelo emprego da An?lise de Conte?do. Foi poss?vel verificar que a maioria dos estudantes do curso de farm?cia n?o apresenta conhecimento consolidado sobre o SUS. Embora a institui??o de ensino possua uma pol?tica pedag?gica, com inten??o interdisciplinar, em atendimento as diretrizes curriculares, aos princ?pios e diretrizes do SUS, considera-se que exista a necessidade de mudan?as nos processos produtivos, necessariamente relacionados com a mobiliza??o e reorganiza??o interna da institui??o. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Ensino em Sa?de, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / The homologation of the National Curricular Guidelines of the Undergraduate Pharmacy Course through its principles, foundations, conditions and procedures for the training of pharmacists proposed significant changes in the conception and the education model, with content for the formation directed to the socioeconomic reality from the country. The conception of education was based on the formation of individuals with answers to the concrete needs of the population, directed to research with competences for the production of new ideas and knowledge, for the strengthening of the Unified Health System, in addition to its preparation for the labor market, and it is the responsibility of higher education institutions to develop a curriculum and pedagogical political project to meet this proposal. Thus, considering the formation of pharmaceutical human resources for action in the SUS and reflections on the scenario experienced, the study aims to identify the knowledge of undergraduate pharmacy students about the SUS and its relationship with the curricular matrix of the educational institution. As specific objectives, it was sought to identify in the curricular matrix the contents of professional training to work in the SUS according to the requirements of the National Curricular Guidelines of the Pharmacy Undergraduate Course and to relate the knowledge of the students with the content of professional formation of the curricular matrix of an institution of the city of Montes Claros-MG. This is a descriptive case study with a qualitative and quantitative approach. For data collection, a questionnaire applied to students of the pharmacy course and a checklist form was used as instruments to identify the variables in the curricular structure of the pharmacy course and in the teaching plan of the discipline. The data analysis took place in two moments, the first one was the descriptive statistical analysis and Fisher's Exact Test and the second was marked by the use of Content Analysis. It was possible to verify that the majority of the students of the course of pharmacy does not present consolidated knowledge about SUS. Although the educational institution has a pedagogical policy, with an interdisciplinary intention, in accordance with the curricular guidelines, SUS principles and guidelines, it is considered that there is a need for changes in the productive processes, necessarily related to the internal mobilization and reorganization of the institution.

Cette dissertation étudie les processus de création de la Cie. Teatro di Stravaganza pendant ses 21 ans d'activités, du point de vu du théâtre fait en groupe: une unité de travail cohérente, qui propose un téâthre qui a un caractère de recherche, qui cherche de nouvelles reférences et une organisation de colaboration, avec une responsabilité collective dans l'élaboration de la conception esthétique et idéologique. Nous reprenons ici la mémoire des processus de création des principaux spectacles qui ont fait partie du répertoire de la Compagnie, et nous consacrons une attention spéciale au spectacle DECAMERON, propulseur de possibilités vers un chemin d'innovation et d'inspiration poétique. Ce travail dialogue avec les idées de Vsevolod Meyerhold, Jacques Copeau, Jacques Lecoq et Philippe Gaulier, entre autres. Nous prétendons mettre en évidence le principal différentiel du travail de cette compagnie, cet à dire, les points forts de ces productions: le jeux entre les acteurs et la visualité de la scène. / Esta dissertação estuda os processos criativos da Cia. Teatro di Stravaganza em seus 21 anos de existência, a partir da ótica do teatro de grupo: uma unidade de trabalho consistente, que propõe um teatro que tenha um caráter de pesquisa, de busca de novos referentes e uma organização colaborativa, com responsabilidade coletiva na concepção do projeto estético e ideológico. Resgatamos a memória dos processos de criação das principais peças que compuseram o repertório da Companhia, dedicando atenção especial ao espetáculo DECAMERON, propulsor de possibilidades numa trilha de inovação e inspiração poética. Este trabalho dialoga com as idéias de Vsevolod Meyerhold, Jacques Copeau, Jacques Lecoq e Philippe Gaulier, entre outros. Buscamos destacar os principais diferenciais do trabalho desta companhia, destacando como pontos fortes de suas montagens o jogo dos atores e a visualidade da cena.

Cette dissertation étudie les processus de création de la Cie. Teatro di Stravaganza pendant ses 21 ans d'activités, du point de vu du théâtre fait en groupe: une unité de travail cohérente, qui propose un téâthre qui a un caractère de recherche, qui cherche de nouvelles reférences et une organisation de colaboration, avec une responsabilité collective dans l'élaboration de la conception esthétique et idéologique. Nous reprenons ici la mémoire des processus de création des principaux spectacles qui ont fait partie du répertoire de la Compagnie, et nous consacrons une attention spéciale au spectacle DECAMERON, propulseur de possibilités vers un chemin d'innovation et d'inspiration poétique. Ce travail dialogue avec les idées de Vsevolod Meyerhold, Jacques Copeau, Jacques Lecoq et Philippe Gaulier, entre autres. Nous prétendons mettre en évidence le principal différentiel du travail de cette compagnie, cet à dire, les points forts de ces productions: le jeux entre les acteurs et la visualité de la scène. / Esta dissertação estuda os processos criativos da Cia. Teatro di Stravaganza em seus 21 anos de existência, a partir da ótica do teatro de grupo: uma unidade de trabalho consistente, que propõe um teatro que tenha um caráter de pesquisa, de busca de novos referentes e uma organização colaborativa, com responsabilidade coletiva na concepção do projeto estético e ideológico. Resgatamos a memória dos processos de criação das principais peças que compuseram o repertório da Companhia, dedicando atenção especial ao espetáculo DECAMERON, propulsor de possibilidades numa trilha de inovação e inspiração poética. Este trabalho dialoga com as idéias de Vsevolod Meyerhold, Jacques Copeau, Jacques Lecoq e Philippe Gaulier, entre outros. Buscamos destacar os principais diferenciais do trabalho desta companhia, destacando como pontos fortes de suas montagens o jogo dos atores e a visualidade da cena.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RejaneMBD.pdf: 747698 bytes, checksum: 1b6dd45195ffd44f6d359516f4fa41e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-08-16 / This study was aim to evaluate the effectiveness of strategies non pharmacological for the relief of the intensity of the parturient pain in the phase activates of the dilation period in the labor. Is a clinic rehearse of the type therapeutic intervention before and after" with a quantitative approach, accomplished in the Humanized Unit of Childbirth of the Maternity Janu?rio Cicco School of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, in Natal/RN, whit 130 parturient, being 30 in the pre-test of the strategies and 100 in the application of the strategies non pharmacological combined (breathing exercises, muscular relaxation and lombossacral massage) and isolated (shower bath in a normal temperature). We used the visual analogical scale to evaluate the intensity of the pain of the study parturient before and after" to the application of the strategies in the phases of acceleration, maximum inclination and desaceleration in the phase activates of dilation period in the labor. The principal results showed that the majority of the study parturient was between 20 to 30 years old (60%); with incomplete fundamental teaching (85%); family income until 2 minimum wages (74%); 78% had a companion and these, 44% were the own husband. The oxytocin was administered in the parturient during the phase activates of the labor in 81% of the cases and only 15% these women didn?t reciev anything medication. We verified significant relief (ρ=0.000) of intensity of the pain of the study parturient after application of the strategies non pharmacological combined and isolated. We concluded that the strategies non pharmacological combined and isolated were effective in the relief of the pain of the study parturient in the phase activates de labor / Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a efetividade de estrat?gias n?o farmacol?gicas para o al?vio da intensidade da dor de parturientes na fase ativa do per?odo de dilata??o durante o trabalho de parto. Trata-se de um ensaio cl?nico quantitativo do tipo interven??o terap?utica antes e ap?s , realizado na Unidade de Parto Humanizado da Maternidade Escola Janu?rio Cicco da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte em Natal/RN, com uma amostra de 130 parturientes, sendo 30 no pr?-teste e 100 na aplica??o de estrat?gias n?o farmacol?gicas combinadas (exerc?cios respirat?rios, relaxamento muscular e massagem lombossacral) e isolada (banho de chuveiro com temperatura ambiente). Para avaliar a intensidade da dor das parturientes do estudo antes e ap?s ? aplica??o das estrat?gias n?o farmacol?gicas nas fases de acelera??o, inclina??o m?xima e desacelera??o da fase ativa do trabalho de parto, utilizou-se para a coleta de dados a escala anal?gica visual. Os principais resultados apontam que a maioria das parturientes do estudo estavam na faixa et?ria entre 20 a 30 anos (60%), com o ensino fundamental incompleto (85%), renda familiar de at? 2 sal?rios m?nimos (74%), 78% tinham um acompanhantes e destes 44% era o pr?prio companheiro. A ocitocina foi administrada nas parturientes durante a fase ativa do trabalho de parto em 81% dos casos e apenas 15% dessas mulheres n?o receberam qualquer medica??o. Verificou-se al?vio significativo (ρ=0,000) da intensidade da dor das parturientes do estudo ap?s a aplica??o das estrat?gias n?o farmacol?gicas combinadas e isolada. Conclui-se que as estrat?gias n?o farmacol?gicas combinadas e isolada foram efetivas no al?vio da dor das parturientes do estudo na fase ativa do trabalho de parto