Given the growing number of socially conscious and ethical consumers, brands have been taking a strategic approach to corporate social responsibility (CSR) by integrating socially responsible activities into the brand's core value proposition in order to remain relevant in the marketplace and drive brand equity. Extant research on CSR has investigated its effect on various consumer behavior outcomes. However, from a brand-building perspective, there is still a lack of understanding on how to effectively leverage CSR, and not enough directions on how to overcome its challenges in order to build brand equity. Therefore, through three essays, the objective of this dissertation is to provide a deep understanding of the effect that CSR has on brand equity while revealing brand-building strategies that can be implemented to effectively leverage CSR, specifically within the (1) global, (2) luxury, and (3) co-creation contexts.

With this project, I wish to question the processes of designing for normative, active bodies and create opportunities for more inclusive and democratic sports. It aims to render and re-engineer sports equipment as we know them.   The design thesis has been developed based on research and experiences of exclusion regarding accessible equipment for Parasports. From a norm-critical standpoint, my collaborator Ebba and I have therefore developed a new Paralympic seat and back support for the sport of rowing. As a norm-creative innovation, its design addresses the particularities of the individual body and its specific needs.  The project investigates the combination of co-creation, craft and norm-creative methods as a pragmatic and alternative approach to sports equipment. By 3D scanning Ebba’s body, digital and physical iterations were in combination with manual crafts, principles of the making. The result shows great potential as the equipment are fully functional, it consists of a sandwich construction with a (Nomex) core and layers of high modulus carbon fibre. The back support is adjustable in four axis points.  I state that if we want to engage in sustainable sports equipment, the notions of co-creation, norm-criticality and crafts have good potential in formulating inclusive and accessible outcomes that are both desirable, valuable and satisfying for people with disobedient bodies.

La service-dominant logic (S-D logic) est une approche qui montre l'importance de créer le marketing avec les consommateurs (orienté-processus) et non vers les consommateurs (orienté-output). En outre, la S-D logic souligne l'importance des ressources opérantes (immatérielles, par exemple les compétences) plutôt que les ressources opérandes (matérielles). La contribution la plus importante de la S-D logic est que le consommateur n’y est pas considéré comme un acteur passif mais comme un partenaire actif toujours cocréateur de valeur. La compréhension de ce qui mène à la co-création de valeur et son importance est rarement étudiée. De plus, bien que la S-D logic ait des implications majeures pour toutes les autres activités de marketing, il n’existe que peu de recherches abordant le processus de rétablissement de service après un incident. Plus spécifiquement, les études précédentes ont peu abordé des points tels que ce qui contribue à la co-création de la valeur, le rôle des ressources opérantes, le moment de co-création de la valeur et la motivation des consommateurs à contribuer au processus de rétablissement du service. Cette recherche se propose de répondre à ces questions en étudiant le mécanisme psychologique sous-jacent à la façon dont les ressources opérantes sont utilisées pour le processus de rétablissement de service et sur leurs conditions de co-affectation pour générer une valeur co-créée. Cette thèse soutient que la capacité des consommateurs à intégrer leurs ressources pour co-créer le rétablissement de service les motive à exprimer une volonté plus forte de co-création et les amène à profiter de valeurs hédoniques et utilitaires. Pour tester cette hypothèse, cette thèse étudie lΥimpact de la capacité des consommateurs pour la cocréation de rétablissement de service sur leur participation à ce rétablissement en tenant compte des motivations extrinsèque et intrinsèque en tant que médiateurs. De plus, elle explore le rôle de plusieurs variables modératrices (clarté du rôle, blâme interne, confiance dans la capacité de résolution du fournisseur de services et émotions négatives) pour acquérir une meilleure compréhension de la co-création de rétablissement de service. Les résultats révèlent que seulement la motivation extrinsèque médiatise partiellement la relation entre la capacité des consommateurs pour la co-création et la participation des consommateurs au rétablissement du service. En outre, les résultats démontrent que la participation des consommateurs au rétablissement de service augmente sa valeur utilitaire mais diminue sa valeur hédonique. / Service-dominant logic is a mindset in marketing literature which embraces a process orientation rather than an output orientation. Moreover, S-D logic emphasizes the role of operant resources (e.g skills) rather than operand (tangible) resources, which importance is high as there are the source of competitive advantage. The most important contribution of this emerging school of thought is that customers shift from being passive to active, who always co-create value with firms and other stakeholders. Understanding therefore what leads to value co-creation is a major issue and also neglected. Furthermore, although this shift has important implications for all service activities, very little research has focused on service recovery context. What is more it is not yet known what contributes to value co-creation and what is the role of operant resources in a service recovery context, while prior studies have no examined under which circumstances value is co-created and what motivates customers to contribute their resources in the service recovery process. With the goal of addressing these issues, this study focuses on the underlying mechanism of how operant resources are utilized during service recovery and, in turn, under which conditions co-allocation of these resources generates co-created value. It argues that the consumers’ ability to integrate their resources to co-recover from a service failure motivates them to express higher value co-recovery in-role behavior and hence enjoy higher hedonic and utilitarian values. To test this claim, this dissertation investigates the impact of consumers’ ability to co-recover on value co-recovery in-role behavior by taking into account extrinsic and intrinsic motivation as mediators. It also explores the role of several moderating variables (role clarity, internal blame, trust in service provider’s resolution ability, and negative emotions) to gain a deeper understanding of the co-recovery process. The results reveal that only extrinsic motivation partially mediates the relationship between ability to co-recover and value co-recovery in-role behavior. Furthermore, outcomes demonstrate that value co-recovery in-role behavior increases utilitarian value but decreases hedonic value.

Ce travail doctoral concerne l’expérience de co-création d’innovation, il s’agit de concours d’innovation organisés par les marques à travers des plateformes internet. Cette pratique présente l’intérêt de produire des idées créatives à moindre coût et dans un délai plus court. Cependant cette démarche d’innovation n’est pas sans poser de nombreuses questions en termes d’ergonomie du site et de politique de stimulation favorisant l’engagement des consommateurs. A partir de quatre études empiriques, deux qualitatives et deux quantitatives, (1) nous identifions les motivations des consommateurs à participer à des concours d’innovation, (2) puis nous mettons en évidence 5 dimensions du concept d’expérience de co-création d’innovation, (3) nous caractérisons les récompenses qui favorisent le plus la créativité et enfin, (4) nous présentons les effets de l’expérience de co-création sur la créativité, la participation et la réputation de la firme innovante / This doctoral work deals with co-creation experience of innovation, it is innovation competition organized by brands through internet platforms. This practice has the advantage of producing creative ideas at lower cost and in a shorter time. However, this innovative approach raises many questions in terms of website usability and incentives promoting consumer engagement. From four empirical studies, two qualitative and two quantitative , (1) we identify consumers’motivation to participate in innovation competition, (2) and we highlight five dimensions of co-creation experience concept , (3) we characterize the rewards that stimulate creativity and finally, (4) we present the effects of experience co-creation on creativity, participation and reputation of the innovative firm

Technical SMEs develop products in isolation from customers in order to have shorter time to market. However, this approach may result in a mismatch between customer needs and the product value. This research paper investigates value co-creating activities which technical SMEs can undertake with their customers to improve the value of the product and their relationship with the customers. The research paper is a case study of a Swedish technical SME, Interspectral, and their software product for the education market. The study uses a qualitative approach through semi-structured interviews with teachers in Sweden and Australia. A four-step process is used to first understand what value the product brings customers (students and teachers), the current resource integration activities and co-production activities done by customers and finally what value co-creating activities are perceived as important for customers to grow the relationship with the company. The results show that the dialogue between the customer and the firm is most important for customers during value co-creation and facilitates information access and control. Furthermore, specific co-production activities and resource integrating activities are outlined. The implication of the study is that nonmarket actors’ value co-creation should be assessed by considering the constraints placed by the service ecosystem.

A presente pesquisa apresenta um estudo em torno do cross-branding, parceria entre duas ou mais marcas a fim de lançarem um produto e/ou serviço, e da cocriação de coleções no varejo de moda brasileiro. O cross-branding vem sendo bastante utilizado no mercado e é uma das ferramentas de marketing em evidência. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é identificar - a partir de uma discussão em torno do fast-fashion e da moda como resultado da expressão contemporânea - como se dá a estratégia do cross-branding, bem como suas influências no desenvolvimento de coleções. O trabalho é realizado a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica em torno da história da indústria da moda, conceitos em desenvolvimento de produtos, reflexões sobre inovação, cocriação e o varejo atual. Foi possível discutir não só como se dá o cross-branding, como também os reflexos advindos da utilização da estratégia no varejo de moda. Foram realizados estudos de casos das coleções cápsulas das lojas de departamento C&A e Riachuelo, frutos de cross-brandings com marcas e estilistas brasileiros. / This research presents a study about the cross-branding, partnership between two or more brands willing to launch a product and / or service, and the co-creation of collections in brazilian fashion retail. The cross-branding has been often used in the fashion market and is one of the marketing strategies in evidence. The goal is to identify, from a discussion about fast-fashion and fashion as a result of contemporary expression, how is the strategy of cross-branding as well as their influences on the development of fashion collections. The work is done from a literature review about the history of the fashion industry, product development concepts, reflections on innovation, co-creation and nowadays retail. It was possible to discuss how the crossbranding works, as well as the reflections arising from the use of strategy in fashion retail. Case studies of capsule collections of department stores, as Riachuelo and C&A, the result of cross-brandings with Brazilian designers and brands, have been conducted.

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Purpose: This thesis paper aims to understand how companies in the industrial automation sector can create value for the emerging technology ecosystem.  Design/methodology/approach: A single case study approach was taken to write this thesis, the case study was based on HMS Industrial Networks AB. Primary data were collected through in-depth interviews, various personnel from HMS were interviewed which facilitated to create the case study. Secondary data were also collected mainly from industry reports and other publicly available reports. To perform the analysis relevant literature were discussed in the literature review section.   Results: The study revealed that to create value in industrial automation sector companies need to evaluate their existing role in the ecosystem and adjust the role based on their industry competence and partnership capability with other platform participants. Through collaboration with the right partners, companies can create value for different stakeholders in the ecosystem. For HMS, we have suggested the role of ecosystem orchestrator, the conclusion was made based on their existing ecosystem role, extensive industry competencies, and high partnership capability.    Originality/value: Previously academic research has not been done on this topic as per the knowledge of the authors. This thesis paper can be useful for academics to do further research on different industries facing issues related to value creation and professionals can apply the suggested practical implications in their industry.

Os consumidores da era da Internet estão cada vez mais informados, ativos, com mais opções de escolhas, e, por isso, mais exigentes e difíceis de satisfazer. Atualmente, as empresas procuram oferecer experiências junto com seus produtos e serviços buscando gerar valor para o cliente. A co-criação de valor acontece quando o consumidor cria produtos e experiências em trabalho conjunto com a empresa ou marca. Essa prática vem sendo tratada na literatura como estratégia da empresa, mas há poucos trabalhos publicados sobre co-criação do ponto de vista dos clientes. Esta dissertação tem o objetivo de entender como se dá o envolvimento com o processo de co-criação a partir da ótica dos consumidores, buscando contribuir para a lacuna de conhecimento sobre o tema. Um quadro teórico conceitual foi montado a partir da literatura sobre co-criação, sobre experiência de marca e sobre atitudes, identificando os conceitos fundamentais para se entender o fenômeno sob análise. Tal quadro foi base para realização de nove entrevistas em profundidade com consumidores que participaram de um caso de co-criação e analisadas por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apresentaram 31 categorias relacionadas à co-criação, destacando entre elas 20 sentimentos distintos gerados a partir das experiências vivenciadas pelos consumidores. Foram identificados elementos antecedentes do comportamento co-criador, destacando atitudes positivas para a realização de ações em ambientes presenciais, interação entre empresa-consumidor, consumidor-consumidor e inspirações da empresa para incentiva novas ideias. O grupo influenciador representado por professores e o tempo como fator limitante no controle percebido dos consumidores completam os antecendentes encontrados sobre o comportamento co-criador. A contribuição do trabalho se deve ao fato de capturar experiências e impressões do tema co-crição sob a perspectiva dos próprios consumidores co-criadores. / Consumers of the Internet age are increasingly informed, active, with more options to choose, and therefore, they are more demanding and difficult to be satisfied. Currently, companies seek to offer experiences with their products and services to the generate value for their customer. The co-creation of value occurs when the consumer creates products and experiences together with the company or brand. This action has been studied in the literature as a company\'s strategy, but there are few published studies on co-creation from the customer\'s point of view. This dissertation aims to understand how is the process of co-creation from the consumers perspective, seeking to contribute to the lack of studies on this subject. The theoretical concepts were studied from the literature of co-creation, of brand experience and of attitudes, aiming to identify the main concepts to understand the phenomenon studied. Such framework was the basis to conduct in-depth interviews with nine consumers who participated in a case of co-creation, the interviews were analyzed with the content analysis technique. The results presented 31 categories related to co-creation, highlighting, among them, 20 distinct feelings generated from the consumers\' experiences. Antecedents elements of the co-creator behavior were identified, emphasizing the positive attitudes to perform actions in face-to-face environments, the business-consumer and consumer-consumer interactions, and the company inspirations to encourage new ideas. The group of influencers, represented by teachers, and time as a limiting factor of the consumers perceived control complete the antecedents found on the co-creator behavior. The contribution of this work are the experiences and impressions captured from the co-creation subject from the perspective of consumers that have been co-creators.

A Cocriação de Valor é uma terminologia que surgiu no início do século XXI e tem despertado o interesse de acadêmicos e profissionais de marketing. No processo de cocriação, surgem novas competências e práticas de negócios, fazendo da cocriação fonte de vantagem competitiva e de rentabilidade para empresa, tornando-a, segundo alguns estudiosos, um novo modelo de negócio. Na prática de cocriação, as empresas convidam os stakeholders para explorarem as oportunidades e resolverem problemas coletivamente. Para muitas empresas, o aprendizado a partir dessas interações com os clientes/stakeholders, com o envolvimento do usuário no processo, promove agregação de valor aos produtos/serviços. Nesse sentido, a partilha e as interações com o cliente fazem irromper experiências, que vão desde ideias sobre melhora ou personalização de produtos, até o compartilhamento de seus sentimentos no uso desses produtos. As interações da cocriação fortalecem a capacidade da empresa na prática de utilização de recursos globais de rede, criando um esforço contínuo para o desenvolvimento do relacionamento com os clientes. A literatura de marketing contempla poucos trabalhos relacionados ao tema, sendo sua maioria publicada nos Estados Unidos. Nesse contexto, este trabalho de pesquisa tem por objetivo estudar o processo de cocriação por empresas brasileiras nas suas atividades de negócio, enfatizando os benefícios gerados. A pesquisa que compreende esta dissertação de mestrado foi realizada em duas partes. A primeira parte consistiu de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o assunto e sobre temas correlatos. A segunda parte contemplou a realização de uma pesquisa de campo com abordagem qualitativa e com recurso do método de estudo de caso. Os resultados da pesquisa de campo destacam três pontos cruciais relacionados ao perfil das empresas entrevistadas: primeiro, as empresas adotam estratégias de relacionamento com seus clientes e são orientadas para o mercado; segundo, são empresas com abordagem holística e gestão voltada para os stakeholders; terceiro, são empresas que vizualisam na cocriação uma excelente estratégia empresarial. Os resultados da pesquisa revelam ainda o uso da cocriação para estabelecer relacionamento interativo com o cliente e como uma forma de aumentar o poder de inovação nas empresas. / The term \'Value Co-Creation\' was conceptualised in the beginning of the 21st century and has aroused the interest of scholars and marketing professionals. In the process of co-creation, there are new business competences and practices, which make co-creation a source of competitive advantage and profitability for companies, making them, according to some researchers, a new business model. When companies adopt co-creation practices, they invite stakeholders to explore opportunities and solve problems conjointly. For many companies, learning from these interactions with clients/stakeholders, by engaging the user in the process, promotes added value to products/services. In this respect, sharing the process and interacting with the client result in the creation of experiences, from insights on improving or customising products to having the client sharing their feelings regarding the use of these products. The co-creation interactions strengthen the company\'s capability of using global network resources, creating an ongoing effort towards the building of relationship with clients. Marketing literature reveals only few research related to this topic, which are mostly published in the United States. With this in mind, this research aimed at studying the co-creation process adopted by Brazilian companies in their business activities, highlighting the resulting benefits. The research part of this Master\'s programme had two phases. The first covered a literature review on the subject matter and related topics. The second phase comprised a qualitative field research and the use of case study as a methodology. The results of the field research highlight three key aspects related to the profile of the interviewed companies: firstly, the companies adopt strategies of relationship with their clients and are market-oriented; secondly, they are companies following a holistic approach and a stakeholder-oriented management; and finally, they are companies that see in co-creation an excellent business strategy. The results also reveal the adoption of co-creation to establish an interactive relationship with the client and as a way to increase the power of innovation in the companies