On October 3rd, 2015, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau changed the presentation of information within mortgage disclosures such that monthly payments and upfront costs are more salient. Using proprietary bank account data, I document that after closing on the mortgage, treated consumers receiving the re-designed disclosures log in more into their liquid checking accounts, spend less on debit cards and cash, but spend more on credit cards. I argue that the more salient disclosures caused consumers to prioritize having funds to make monthly obligations. Accordingly, I find that liquidity constrained consumers reallocate more of their debit card and cash spending to credit card spending. Other channels related to underestimation of mortgage costs, financial advice, and regulatory enforcement cannot fully explain the results. The reform benefits consumers as they do not accumulate credit card charges despite making more timely mortgage payments. The results collectively demonstrate that modifying information presentation is a low-cost way to change consumers’ behaviors.

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published_or_final_version / Business Administration / Master / Master of Business Administration

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:10:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodney de Souza Nascimento.pdf: 6690602 bytes, checksum: 651695c45f0d8233351213244627114a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-25 / THE ADVERTISING CAMPAIGNS of global companies backfi re due to cultural barriers when they try to come across with the same message in different countries. The concern and respect with the name of the brands and the language used in some countries are mainly a result of the regional characteristics of such countries. Thus, to standardize the language worldwide is the great challenge for the large corporations and, mostly, for the advertising agencies. In many cases, the solution was to think globally and to act locally. In such a way, the companies, through its advertising agencies, had started to develop campaigns capable of interacting with this new order. The segment of credit cards has been especially capable of doing so. These companies had changed the concept of communication within their advertising campaigns, being not only a symbol of status, but also substituting the paper-currency and becoming the world-wide accepted plastic money. Thus, this research is a result of the need to understand how the advertising campaigns have conquered markets in similar ways by means of a global alignment of communication and standardized language in different markets. As this research main object is the globalized advertising discourse; the aim of this research is to understand the strategies used in the MasterCard credit card s Priceless campaign, which has been able to get a global alignment in order to pass its message though in a standardized way in many different cultures, even though it makes use of cultural specifi c values. In this research, using some background on culture and consumption theories, we analyze 8 advertisement pieces from the priceless credit card campaign, all published in the Brazilian printed media from 1998 through 2006 / AS CAMPANHAS PUBLICITÁRIAS de empresas globais esbarram em barreiras culturais ao tentar transmitir a mesma mensagem para diferentes países. O cuidado e o respeito com o nome das marcas e a linguagem utilizada em determinados países devem-se principalmente às características regionais de cada um. Assim, uniformizar a linguagem mundialmente é o grande desafi o das grandes corporações e, principalmente, das agências de publicidade. Em muitos casos, a saída encontrada foi pensar globalmente e agir localmente. Para tanto, as empresas, através de suas agências de publicidade, passaram a desenvolver campanhas capazes de interagir com essa nova ordem, destacando-se o segmento de cartões de crédito. Estas empresas mudaram o conceito de comunicação de suas campanhas publicitárias, passando de símbolo de status a substituto do papel-moeda e tornando o dinheiro de plástico mundialmente aceito e difundido. Logo, esta pesquisa justifi case a partir da necessidade de conhecer como as campanhas publicitárias vêm conquistando diversos mercados, de maneira uniforme, por meio do alinhamento global de comunicação e de uma linguagem padronizada. Tendo como principal objeto o discurso publicitário globalizado, o objetivo desta pesquisa está voltado para o entendimento das estratégias da campanha Não tem preço do cartão de crédito MasterCard que consegue alinhar-se globalmente e passar a mensagem de maneira uniforme para culturas diferenciadas, mesmo recorrendo a valores particulares de cada uma. Seguindo alguns teóricos de consumo e cultura, e tendências semióticas contemporâneas em publicidade, analisamos 8 peças da campanha Não tem preço , desse cartão de crédito, veiculadas no Brasil, na mídia impressa, durante o período de 1998 a 2006

Abstract Title: Customer Perceived Value of Credit Card Rewards - A study on Canadian Consumers Level: Final assignment for Bachelor’s Degree in Business Administration Author: Lisa Smedley Supervisor: Jonas Kågström Date: 2013 - January Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate what influences Customer Perceived Value; where Canadian consumers’ preferences lie in terms of rewards in the Canadian credit card industry. Method: After researching previous studies and determining what constructs have been utilized prior on similar research topics, I implement a quantitative, and to some extend iterative, research approach. Through survey research, I investigate Canadian consumer preferences through a survey sample of 124 Canadian consumers in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Result & Conclusions: One finding in the study indicates that utilitarian benefits, which provide financial gain for the card holder, are perceived by respondents as the most valuable reward. Another finding is that inexperienced credit card holders see significantly greater value in symbolic benefits than experienced card holders do. The present study does not support the theory that customer involvement influences the customer’s perception of rewards. 2 Suggestions for future research: More extensive research is needed on the subject of whether Canadian consumers’ perceived value of rewards is influenced by their level of involvement in their credit card. Also, studies involving additional factors that could possibly determine a consumer’s perception of rewards, such as income and ethnicity should be investigated for a more well-rounded understanding of customer preferences. Contribution of the thesis: The present study contributes with new findings that can be of substantial significance for Canadian financial institutions as it provides insight into what credit card rewards Canadian consumers perceive as being valuable to them. Key words: Rewards programs, credit cards, customer loyalty, perceived customer value, timing of reward, type of reward, dimension of benefit, utilitarian, hedonic, symbolic

Betalningsstjänsten Swish lanserades 2012 i Sverige då efterfrågan att betala med mobilen uppkom och applikationen har numera 6 miljoner användare. Däremot är procenten av användarna i åldern över 66 år väldigt låg i jämförelse till hur användandet ser ut i de lägre åldrarna. Samtidigt minskar kontanthanteringen och användning av kontanter över lag. Sverige kan komma att bli kontantfritt redan år 2023. Vilket kan medföra att olika demografiska grupper kommer att hamna utanför digitaliseringen, däribland äldre. Äldre har byggt ett förtroende för användning av kontanter och vanor under en längre tid, därför kan det bli svårt adoptera nya elektroniska lösningar. På grund av den låga användningen av äldre fokuserar denna studie på vilka brister som gör att de inte använder Swish i och med klyftan mellan teknikanvändning och ålder. Till studiens har det valts respondenter som är över 65 år då det är där som procentantalet sjunker i användandet av Swish. För att uppnå studiens syfte har en kvalitativ metod valts där olika intervjuformer har utförts under hösten 2017 och vinter 2018. Sex stycken respondenter har intervjuats, därefter har en tematisk analys utförts. I diskussionen framgår det att ingen av respondenterna använder Swish frekvent, utan ser det mer som en nödlösning. Samtliga respondenterna finner användandet av Swish som enkelt och har uppfattning om att Swish känns säkert då Sveriges banker står bakom skapandet, samt att en legitimering av BankID krävs. Sambandet mellan hög utbildning och tillgång till teknik togs upp till diskussion. Slutligen diskuterades det hur respondenterna hade kommit i kontakt med Swish. Resultatet av studien finner inte några svårigheter med användbarheten hos äldre, utan istället är det och säkerheten värderas högt. Den upplevda säkerheten för Swish är stor tack varje Sveriges banker och legitimering med BankID. Dock upplever respondenterna inga fördelar gentemot andra betalningsalternativ och användandet är inte stort. För att göra applikationen mer attraktiv för äldre bör därför Swish fokusera på att skapa ett behov som inte övriga betalningsmetoder kan uppfylla. / The payment service Swish was launched in Sweden 2012 when the demand to pay with the mobile came up and now the application got six million users. On the other hand, the percentage of users over the age of 65 is low compared to the younger ages. At the same time, cash management and the use of cash across the board will decrease. Sweden may be free of cash already in 2023. Which can lead to different demographic groups come outsides of the digitalization, including the elderly? Older people have built trust in the use of cash and habits for a long time, so it can be difficult to adopt new electronic solutions. Due to its low usage of older people, this study focuses on the shortcomings that make them not use Swish with the gap between technology use and age. The study has chosen to include respondents over 65 years old because it is after that the percentage drops in the use of Swish. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, qualitative method has been chosen in which different interviews were conducted in autumn 2017 and winter 2018. Six respondents have been interviewed, after which a thematic analysis has been conducted. In the discussion it appears that none of the respondents use Swish frequently, instead it looks like an emergency solution. All respondents finds Swish simple to use and have the idea that Swish feels safe when the banks in Sweden are behind the creation, and that BankID credentials are required. The link between high education and access to technology was discussed. Finally, it was discussed how respondents has come into contact with Swish. The result of the study does not find any difficulties with the utility of the elderly, but instead that the security is valued highly. The perceived security for Swish is big thanks to each of the bank in Sweden and the legitimation with BankID. However, respondents do no experience any advantages over other payment options and the use is not large. In order to make the application more attractive to older people, Swish should therefore focus on creating a need that other payment methods cannot meet.

Syfte: Studiens syfte var att öka förståelsens för unga vuxnas förhållningsätt till kreditkort som genomfördes genom att undersöka dess attityder, köpintentioner och kunskaper. Studiens resultat kan vara betydande för banksektorn som har en potentiell lång affärsrelation med kundsegmentet.   För att syftet skulle kunde uppnås ställdes tre olika forskningsfrågor:   Hur kan unga vuxnas attityder till kreditkort beskrivas? Hur kan unga vuxnas köpintentioner till kreditkort beskrivas? Hur kan kunskapsnivån hos unga vuxna gällande kreditkort beskrivas?   Metod: Fallstudie med kvalitativ ansats genom enskilda intervjuer.   Resultat: Studiens resultat visade att det föreligger en korrelation mellan bristfällig kunskap och negativ attityd, som även påverkar köpintentionen. Dessutom visade fallstudiens resultat att rädsla var den betydande attityden mot kreditkort som produkt. Ett fynd var att WOMM (Word of Mouth Marketing) påverkade köpintentionen till att teckna kreditkort samtidigt som bankernas marknadsföring inte alls påverkade köpintentionen. / Purpose: This study aimed to find out young adults’ approach regarding credit cards which was done by studying their attitudes, purchase intentions and knowledge towards the product. The results from the study could be of importance for the bank sector which have a potentially long business relation with the youth segment.   The research questions that needed to be answered to reach the purpose was as follows:   How can young adults’ attitudes be described? How can young adults’ purchase intentions be described? How can the knowledge level from young adults’ regarding credit cards be described?   Method: Case study with qualitive approach though separate interviews.   Results: The results from the case study suggested that there was a connection between inadequate knowledge and negative attitude towards credit cards, which in turn effect the purchase intention. Also, fear was the most common attitude against credit card as a product. A finding was that WOMM (Word of Mouth Marketing) affected the purchase intention to sign up for a credit card, while the bank marketing did not affect the purchase intention at all.

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Submitted by Fabricia Fialho Reginato (fabriciar) on 2015-08-24T23:27:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcosTeixeira.pdf: 808388 bytes, checksum: 5c98ea5b8525cdd401a8e3c5c8ccccd1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-24T23:27:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcosTeixeira.pdf: 808388 bytes, checksum: 5c98ea5b8525cdd401a8e3c5c8ccccd1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Nenhuma / A presente dissertação de mestrado tem como objetivo central analisar as transações de cartões de crédito da baixa renda no mercado brasileiro. O enfoque da pesquisa está no setor de pagamentos eletrônicos, denominados cartões de crédito. Esse setor tem estado em crescimento acelerado nas últimas décadas; portanto, o desafio atual se coloca em como aumentar a participação deste método de pagamento junto às classes de menor poder aquisitivo. Já podem ser vistas grandes iniciativas que estão sendo tomadas nesse sentido por empresas de atuação internacional; no entanto, o conhecimento desse público de baixa renda está mais próximo de empresas menores. As empresas nacionais, de porte menor, são responsáveis pelo fornecimento dos chamados cartões regionais, que, por sua vez, conseguem atingir o público-alvo deste trabalho com maior facilidade do que seus concorrentes de atuação internacional. Buscando compreender melhor os hábitos de pagamentos da classe baixa, o presente trabalho obteve seus dados por meio de dados de pesquisas transacionais, entrevistas e bibliografia. Portanto, a presente dissertação buscou analisar as transações capturadas pela terceira maior empresa de aceitação de cartões de crédito do país, a GetNet. Também foram entrevistados profissionais atuantes no meio que colaboraram, através de entrevistas, com sugestões para a melhoria do setor. Assim, o eixo do trabalho questiona como as pesquisas transacionais e os profissionais do mercado de cartão de crédito podem contribuir no desenvolvimento de novas oportunidades em cartões de crédito para a baixa renda. Finalmente, espera-se que, a partir desta pesquisa, será possível obter uma relação de características a serem exploradas para que se possa expandir esse mercado junto à classe de menor poder aquisitivo. / The present master’s dissertation has as central goal to analyze the credit card transactions of the low income population in the Brazilian market. The focus of the research is the electronic payments sector, named credit cards. This sector has been growing increasingly in the last decades; however the present challenge finds itself in increasing the participation in this method within the lower classes. There can be seen many initiatives being taken towards this by international companies, nonetheless the knowledge on this low income public is closer to the reality of the smaller companies. National corporations, smaller companies, are responsible for the supplying of the so called regional cards that can reach in a larger and easier scale the public approached by this paper than their international competitors. Seeking to know more of the habits of the low income population, this research obtained its data through transactional research, interviews and diverse bibliography. Therefore, it seeks to analyze transactions captured by the third largest corporation in credit card acceptance in the country of Brazil, GetNet. Also, professionals on the area were interviewed and collaborated with suggestions to the betterment of the sector. In this way, the axis of this work questions how transactional research and professionals in the credit card market may contribute in the development of new opportunities in credit cards for low income population. Finally, it is expected that with this research it will be possible to obtain characteristics that may be explored and used in favor of expanding this market within the lower class.