Latinas represent a large proportion of the United States early care and education workforce, and thus have the potential to wield significant influence over the growth and development of millions of American children. However, the voices of Latina early childhood professionals often are missing in both research and mass media. Instead, social, political, and academic frames cast Latinas as foreign regardless of nationality, uneducated notwithstanding expertise, and passive despite action and influence. This testimonio analysis draws on Chicana feminist epistemology to re-center the perspectives of Latina child care providers and reveal more authentic insights on how they understand and perform their roles within the broader social contexts that define and delimit Latina identity in the United States. The collective account that emerges from their testimonios is one of straddling multiple borders: between influence and invisibility, between the personal and the professional, and between community and isolation.

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The study was conducted with the aim of assessing the Saudi Arabian cultural knowledge among the non-Muslim nurses. These nurses work in the obstetric units at the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah and come from different cultural groups and are caring for the Saudi Arabian Muslim women. In order for care to be congruent, comprehensive and of a high quality, the patients' needs should be met at the best attainable level. Nurses in all health care settings are expected to demonstrate knowledge of the culture that they serve in order to eliminate barriers. Data analysis was facilitated with the use of the SPSS 11.5 computer program. The study findings may suggest the development of educational guidelines, which will direct the activities of an educational intervention. / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies))

This study aimed to provide evidence on knowledge of attitudes toward standard precautions (SPs) and its practice of Healthcare Workers (HCWs) in government and private hospitals in Botswana. It utilised descriptive cross-sectional methodology. A range of significant findings were revealed. Good practice of SPs was noted more amongst the HCWs in government than in private hospitals. Knowledge of SPs amongst HCWs in government hospital was significantly and positively correlated to good practice of SPs. Registered Nurses (RNs) had better knowledge of SPs than HealthcareAssistants (HCAs).There was no significant difference between RNs and HCAs practice of SPS and attitudes toward the same. No significant difference in the knowledge, attitudes and practice of SPs was noted between General Practitioners (GPs) and RNs. No significant difference in the knowledge, attitudes and practice of SPs was observed between GPs and HCAs. The study findings have implications for the application of SPs in practice / Health Studies / M.A. (Public Health)

This study used narrative inquiry to answer the question “What are the stories of older adults who choose not to share information with health care professionals?” The study explored the experiences of older adults who did not share information with health care professionals (HCPs), who they defined as doctors. A thematic analysis of five participants’ stories revealed three themes: Illusions of Care, describing the participants’ experiences with doctors before they chose not to share information; The Last Straw, revealing the final incident that caused participants to choose not to share information; and The Mask of the Non-sharing Older Adult, describing how participants interacted with their doctors after they decided not to share information. Relationship development between older adults and their doctors, sensitive topics, issues and perceptions of ageing, and structure of the health care system contribute to the complex issue of older adults not sharing information. The decision not to share information with health care professionals may adversely affect the health and health care of older adults.

This study used narrative inquiry to answer the question “What are the stories of older adults who choose not to share information with health care professionals?” The study explored the experiences of older adults who did not share information with health care professionals (HCPs), who they defined as doctors. A thematic analysis of five participants’ stories revealed three themes: Illusions of Care, describing the participants’ experiences with doctors before they chose not to share information; The Last Straw, revealing the final incident that caused participants to choose not to share information; and The Mask of the Non-sharing Older Adult, describing how participants interacted with their doctors after they decided not to share information. Relationship development between older adults and their doctors, sensitive topics, issues and perceptions of ageing, and structure of the health care system contribute to the complex issue of older adults not sharing information. The decision not to share information with health care professionals may adversely affect the health and health care of older adults.

The study was conducted with the aim of assessing the Saudi Arabian cultural knowledge among the non-Muslim nurses. These nurses work in the obstetric units at the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah and come from different cultural groups and are caring for the Saudi Arabian Muslim women. In order for care to be congruent, comprehensive and of a high quality, the patients' needs should be met at the best attainable level. Nurses in all health care settings are expected to demonstrate knowledge of the culture that they serve in order to eliminate barriers. Data analysis was facilitated with the use of the SPSS 11.5 computer program. The study findings may suggest the development of educational guidelines, which will direct the activities of an educational intervention. / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies))

This study aimed to provide evidence on knowledge of attitudes toward standard precautions (SPs) and its practice of Healthcare Workers (HCWs) in government and private hospitals in Botswana. It utilised descriptive cross-sectional methodology. A range of significant findings were revealed. Good practice of SPs was noted more amongst the HCWs in government than in private hospitals. Knowledge of SPs amongst HCWs in government hospital was significantly and positively correlated to good practice of SPs. Registered Nurses (RNs) had better knowledge of SPs than HealthcareAssistants (HCAs).There was no significant difference between RNs and HCAs practice of SPS and attitudes toward the same. No significant difference in the knowledge, attitudes and practice of SPs was noted between General Practitioners (GPs) and RNs. No significant difference in the knowledge, attitudes and practice of SPs was observed between GPs and HCAs. The study findings have implications for the application of SPs in practice / Health Studies / M.A. (Public Health)

Sammanfattning    Introduktion: Sverige befinner sig under våren 2024 på nivå fyra av en femgradig skala avseende risken för terroristattentat i samhället, vilket är ett högt hot. Ambulans, polis och räddningstjänst är samhällsaktörer som inom ramen för sina ansvarsområden förväntas agera skyndsamt vid allvarliga händelser i samhället. Insatser som sker relaterat till terroristattacker eller pågående dödligt våld [PDV] händelser framkommer som särskilt komplexa och riskfyllda. Det övergripande syftet med litteraturöversikten är att undersöka vilka säkerhetsrelaterade utmaningar som prehospital personal identifierar gällande insatser under terrordåd och PDV-situationer. Vilka faktorer identifieras i forskningen av prehospital personal kunna påverka deras förmåga att agera i dessa situationer? Vilka framgångsfaktorer och utmaningar framkommer i vetenskaplig litteratur gällande prehospitala insatser vid terrordåd och PDV situationer?    Metod: En scoping review utfördes (översiktsstudie). Urvalet av artiklar vid en scoping review genomförs utifrån breda kriterier. Litteratursökningen till studien genomfördes genom att söka i databaserna Scopus, Web of science och Cinahl. Även snöbollsurval tillämpades i processen av att finna relevant material till studien. Både kvalitativa och kvantitativa studier inkluderades i analysen. För analys av data användes grundläggande kvalitativ innehållsanalys där tema och underkategorier identifierades.    Resultat: Totalt 28 artiklar inkluderades och analyserades. Resultatet organiserades i fyra övergripande teman. Temana som bildades var kommunikation, kompetens, ledarskap samt känslor och upplevelser. Inom varje tema bildades underkategorier. Faktorer som identifierats som viktiga för insatspersonal är god kommunikation inom och mellan organisationer. Brist på kommunikation försvårar koordinering och samverkan under insatser. Även god planering samt kompetenshöjande aktiviteter för personal är viktigt för säkerheten och för att effektiva insatser ska kunna genomföras. Ett välinformerat, erfaret och kunnigt ledarskap är betydande för insatsernas genomförande. Personalens känslor, upplevelser samt vilja till att delta under insatser orsakat av terrorism och/eller PDV-situationer varierar. Terrorhändelser som inkluderar vissa typer av hot kan skapa en ovilja hos insatspersonal att delta under dessa insatser. Exempelvis vid terrorhändelser som inkluderar hotet från CBRNE.   Slutsats: Förmågan att kunna bedöma risker, arbeta säkert och effektivt under situationer orsakat av PDV eller terrordåd förutsätter kunskap, träning och en väl fungerande organisationsstruktur på platsen för en händelse. Insatserna behöver bedrivas med en tydlig ledning samt en välfungerande koordinering inom och mellan närvarande organisationer. En fungerande koordinering bygger på att en god kommunikation existerar inom och mellan polisens, räddningstjänstens och ambulansens ledningsstruktur samt närvarande personal.

Community participation has been hailed as the panacea for most community programmes. Community participation at high levels empowers communities, increases self-reliance, selfawareness and confidence in self-examination of problems and seeking solutions for them Behavioural changes are promoted and utilisation and support of services is facilitated, which is of great importance in antenatal care and generally in this present day of HIV/AIDS. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which women were participating in the provision of antenatal care. Secondly, the study sought the pregnant women's perceptions and expectations regarding their participation in the provision of antenatal care and to find out at what level if any, the women wanted to be involved in the provision of antenatal care. The theoretical model guiding this study was Rifkin' s model for evaluating community participation. A guided interview was conducted with 30 conveniently selected pregnant mothers residing in the area of the Chinamhora clinic. The results indicated limited participation in the five process indicators of community participation. However, all the women regarded community participation as being important. The majority of the women wished to be involved at high levels of participation. The results of this study should be valuable to health care professionais in formulating strategies and modifying existing programmes to enhance community participation, with the decentralisation of health services in Zimbabwe. / Health Studies / M.A. (Advanced Nursing Sciences)