- Cassation and appeal in the criminal procedure code The subject of my thesis is a cassation and appeal principle used during a criminal proceedings. Both principles control criminal proceedings within the meaning of determination of the appeal body jurisdiction, especially how to treat a first instance judgement that is opposed to a factual or legal flaws. Current legal regulation tends to apply the appeal principle with a restricted appeal elements and in compliance with the factual intentions of a legal code. This trend will continue in the future as this approach is implemented in the forthcoming legal code provisions. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter present the historical excursus of the Czech judicature evolution. It presents difference between civil and criminal law. The second chapter discuss a legal remedy system and is mainly focusing to define terms such as appeal, cassation and revision. The aim is to clarify the legal remedy principles and also to explain the purpose of reviewing procedure during a criminal proceedings with accent to a three main roles of the reviewing procedure: general, immediate and extended which all represent main criminal proceedings principles. The subject of the next chapter is focused on a relationship of the cassation and appeal...

Nobel Biocare är ett av de världsledande företagen som tillverkar tandimplantat. Företaget finns på många ställen runt om i världen. Examensarbetet utfördes på N1 avdelningen i Karlskoga.  Företaget har som mål att skapa smarta verkstäder och för att göra det krävs det att svagheter i produktionen identifieras för att sedan hitta lösningar på att de inte uppkommer igen.   Syftet med arbetet är att identifiera rotorsakerna till kassation i CNC processerna och därefter föreslå tre lösningar för att minska/eliminera detta problem. Företaget vill med andra ord veta vilka möjligheter de har idag samt hur de behöver gå till väga i deras strävan att om 2–3 år skapa smarta CNC-verkstäder.   För att undersöka rotorsakerna till kassation gjordes inledningsvis en rad olika analyser med hjälp av Excel där dokumenterat företagsdata användes. Operatörerna intervjuades och egna observationer noterades under besöken på Nobel Biocare.   Det som studien resulterade i var att företaget bör implementera tidtagningsur för varje operatör, byta verktyg efter bestämd tid och ha en genomgång av hur vacuumtrycket regleras. Rotorsakerna är fokuserade på metod och människa och de är att det finns en avsaknad av kvalitétsäkrad rutin för inställning av skärvätska, verktyg byts för sent, ineffektiv metod vid vacuumreglering, känsliga verktyg saknar sensorer och för många enheter produceras innan kontroll. / Nobel Biocare is one of the world's leading companies in the manufacture of dental implants. The company is in many places around the world. The degree project was carried out at the N1 department in Karlskoga.  The company's goal is to create smart workshops and to do so, it is necessary that weaknesses in the production are identified. To find solutions, it is necessary to identity the weaknesses so that they do not arise again.  The purpose of this work is to identify the root causes of scrapping in the CNC processes and then propose three solutions to reduce/eliminate these problems. The company wants to know what opportunities they have and how they need to improve to create smart CNC workshops in 2-3 years.  To investigate the root causes of scrapping, several different analyzes were initially performed using Excel, where documented company data was used. Operators were interviewed and their own observations were noted during the visits to Nobel Biocare.   The study resulted in that the company should implement a timer for each operator, change tools after a certain time and have a review of how the vacuum pressure is regulated. The root cases are focused on method and man, and they are that there is a lack of quality assured routine for setting cutting fluid, tools are changed too late, inefficient method in vacuum control, sensitive tools lack sensors and too many devices are produced before control.

Neste trabalho apresentamos uma faceta da atuação do deputado constituinte Caio Prado Júnior na Assembleia Legislativa do Estado de São Paulo em 1947. Ele foi eleito como deputado pelo Partido Comunista do Brasil e em seu exercício parlamentar participou das principais comissões para a elaboração da Constituição do Estado de São Paulo. Por outro lado, abordaremos sua atuação parlamentar após a promulgação da Constituição Estadual de São Paulo de 1947. Desta destacamos sua defesa em prol da liberdade de expressão, garantida na Carta Magna Federal de 1946, bem como a elaboração de projetos de lei que colaboraram para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa em nosso país. / In this work we present a view of Caio Prado Juniors performance as a representative in the constituent assembly of the legislative body of São Paulo State in 1947. He was elected representative for Brazilian Comunist Party. In his parliamentary practice, he was a member of the main commissions that developed the Constitution of São Paulo State. On the other hand, will discuss his parliamentary performance after the promulgation of the Constitution of São Paulo State in 1947. This highlight his defense in favor of freedom of expression guaranteed in the Federal Charter of 1946, as well as the drafting of bills that collaborated to the development of research in our country.

Neste trabalho apresentamos uma faceta da atuação do deputado constituinte Caio Prado Júnior na Assembleia Legislativa do Estado de São Paulo em 1947. Ele foi eleito como deputado pelo Partido Comunista do Brasil e em seu exercício parlamentar participou das principais comissões para a elaboração da Constituição do Estado de São Paulo. Por outro lado, abordaremos sua atuação parlamentar após a promulgação da Constituição Estadual de São Paulo de 1947. Desta destacamos sua defesa em prol da liberdade de expressão, garantida na Carta Magna Federal de 1946, bem como a elaboração de projetos de lei que colaboraram para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa em nosso país. / In this work we present a view of Caio Prado Juniors performance as a representative in the constituent assembly of the legislative body of São Paulo State in 1947. He was elected representative for Brazilian Comunist Party. In his parliamentary practice, he was a member of the main commissions that developed the Constitution of São Paulo State. On the other hand, will discuss his parliamentary performance after the promulgation of the Constitution of São Paulo State in 1947. This highlight his defense in favor of freedom of expression guaranteed in the Federal Charter of 1946, as well as the drafting of bills that collaborated to the development of research in our country.

L'évolution de la conception classique du rôle du juge de cassation a entraîné une remise en question des sources du droit. Alors qu'au XIXème siècle le juge était considéré comme un simple lecteur de la loi, aujourd'hui il trouve sa place au sein des sources du droit. Il en résulte que lorsqu'un revirement de jurisprudence intervient, il va venir modifier l'ordonnancement juridique en y intégrant une nouvelle règle de droit, une nouvelle règle jurisprudentielle. Si la plupart du temps le revirement de jurisprudence n'emporte pas de conséquences néfastes, il arrive que dans certains cas, la sécurité juridique soit mise à mal. Il en découle que le justiciable va se voir appliquer la nouvelle règle jurisprudentielle quelle que soit la date de réalisation de l'acte ou des faits en raison de la rétroactivité inhérente à ce type de décision, sans pouvoir s'en prémunir. Le juge de cassation, conscient de ce problème, a recours à certaines méthodes afin d'annoncer un futur revirement de jurisprudence mais également d'en limiter ses effets. Cependant, ces méthodes ne s'avèrent pas pleinement efficaces et il semble nécessaire de permettre au juge de cassation de moduler dans le temps certaines de ces décisions lorsque leurs conséquences néfastes surpassent les avantages attendus du revirement de jurisprudence.

In this article the author show us the situation of the precarious along the eviction process where they are involved. Likewise, he tell us regarding the cumbersome situation and the null legal certainty that existed about this theme before the emission of the Fourth Civil Cassation Plenaries.After the Plenaries, the author points, were given rules to identify this matterand reach uniforms conclusions by judges, which represents an advance in the predictability of the judicial decisions about the eviction by precarious occupation. / En el presente artículo el autor no presenta la situación de los precarios y los procesos de desalojos donde se ven involucrados. Asimismo, nos cuenta acerca de la situación engorrosa y la nula seguridad jurídica que existía acerca del tema antes de la emisión del Cuarto Pleno Casatorio Civil. A partir del Pleno, señala el autor, se dieron reglas para identificar este problema y llegar a conclusiones uniformes por parte de los jueces, lo que representa un avance en la predictibilidad de las resoluciones judiciales sobre el desalojo por ocupación precaria.

Comme procureur général près la Cour de cassation, Dupin ne s’est pas contenté de proposer un avis sur les pourvois en cassation pour contravention à la loi, mais il a travaillé, en collaboration avec la Chancellerie à la surveillance des tribunaux de l’ordre judiciaire. Le procureur général se montre si préoccupé des pourvois pour excès de pouvoir et dans l’intérêt de la loi qu’il propose à la Cour de cassation une interprétation nouvelle de leur nature et de leurs conditions qui ont presque toujours été adoptées. Dans le cadre de ses conclusions partie jointe, son influence sur la jurisprudence de la cour suprême est déterminante, car son interprétation en droit a été suivie d’une très forte majorité d’arrêts conformes, tant en droit civil qu’en droit pénal. La doctrine de Dupin est intéressante d’abord par la formulation de son positivisme dans une oeuvre qui éclaire d’un jour nouveau la lente conceptualisation de la hiérarchie des normes à l’époque de la Restauration et de la Monarchie de Juillet. Le second intérêt de sa doctrine réside ensuite dans ses prises de positions en faveur d’une autorité judiciaire souvent contestée. L’évolution des idées de Dupin est cependant singulière, car après avoir mené un combat contre ce qu’il percevait comme une justice d’exception, il a fini par accepter un dualisme juridictionnel. Son apport concret à l’indépendance de l’ordre judiciaire a été tout de même très important, puisqu’il a fortement contribué à imposer l’inamovibilité des magistrats contre deux révolutions, à maintenir les juridictions militaires et coloniales sous le contrôle de la Cour de cassation et à leur imposer progressivement le respect des règles de droit commun. / As « procureur général près la Cour de cassation », Dupin has never been satisfied with a simple opinion ont the « pourvoi en cassation » for « contravention à la loi », but he also worked with the « Chancellerie » to oversee the judiciary courts. The « procureur général » shows such concern for the « pourvoi pour excès de pouvoir » and « dans l’intérêt de la loi », that he proposes to the « Cour de cassation » some new interpretations on their nature and conditions. For the « conclusions partie jointe », his influence on the « jurisprudence » of the supreme court is very important, for his interpretation of the law is followed by many decisions of the « Cour de cassation », as in civil law and criminal law. The opinion of Dupin is very interesting, first for the way he defined the « positivisme » on his work, wich sheds some new light on the conceptualization of the « hiérarchie des normes » at the time of the Restauration and the Monarchie de juillet. Then, the interest of his opinion lies in its positions in favor of a much contested judiciary power. The evolution of those ideas however, is much singular, for after leading a battle against what was, in his personal opinion, a « justice d’exception », he finally accepted the « dualisme juridictionnel ». His contribution to the independance of the judiciary power was also absolutly crucial, for he fought personnaly to maintain the « inamovibilité » of the judges wich was endangered by the time of the 1830 and 1848 revolutions, and also the military and colonial courts under the control of the « Cour de cassation ».

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:29:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Erick Macedo.pdf: 869201 bytes, checksum: 09abfbda7675cf92f61f6f70ab4f7c60 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-11-18 / The work explores the theme of the replacement tax, seeking to prove that there is a duty to substitute the payment of tribute that he no longer retain or advance pursuant to judicial or administrative decision issued in favor of replacement. To achieve this purpose, is made an exhibition of the constitutional system of taxation with an emphasis on setting limits for allocation of liability from passive materiality of existing taxes. Then, the test includes an approach to the legal nature of the institute, according to the conceptualization offered by the various currents doctrinal Brazil. Immediately thereafter, the theme is explored concerning the termination of the tax liability in the tax substitution, especially in regard to the duty snapshot substitute to promote retention or anticipation. Finally, the statement of the reasons for the conclusion offered. For their purpose, will be used for the type instrumental doctrine. In the procedure, it will make use of literature with a view to understand the concept given by the legal doctrine to the Office of the replacement tax and identify the legal relationships of its own, as well as the obligations on the taxpayer substitute. Finally, they have recourse to documentary research of the type statutory instrument for the analysis of laws governing the mechanism study in Brazil / O trabalho explora o tema da substituição tributária, buscando evidenciar que não subsiste o dever do substituto ao pagamento de tributo que este deixou de reter ou antecipar por força de decisão judicial ou administrativa concedida em favor do substituído. Para alcançar esse intento, é feita uma exposição do sistema constitucional tributário com ênfase na fixação dos limites para atribuição da sujeição passiva a partir das materialidades dos tributos existentes. Em seguida, o estudo contempla uma abordagem da natureza jurídica do instituto, de acordo com a conceituação oferecida pelas diversas correntes doutrinárias brasileiras. Ato contínuo, é explorado o tema concernente à extinção da obrigação tributária na substituição tributária, especialmente no que tange ao dever instantâneo do substituto de promover a retenção ou antecipação. Por fim, são expostas as razões para a conclusão oferecida. Para a investigação pretendida, será utilizada a pesquisa do tipo instrumental doutrinária. No procedimento, se fará uso da pesquisa bibliográfica na perspectiva de entender a conceituação jurídica dada pela doutrina para o instituto da substituição tributária e identificar as relações jurídicas que lhe são próprias, assim como os deveres a cargo do contribuinte substituto. Por fim, também se recorrerá à pesquisa documental do tipo instrumental legal para análise das leis que regem o mecanismo em estudo no Brasil

La qualification juridique de harcèlement moral est indissociable d’une atteinte à la dignité du salarié au Brésil. En France, l’atteinte à la dignité du salarié n’est qu’une conséquence éventuelle et non systématique des faits de harcèlement moral. C’est là une différence fondamentale entre le droit du travail brésilien et le droit du travail français. Dans la première partie, la thèse aborde les notions de dignité, santé et environnement de travail du salarié. En effet, le harcèlement moral se situe au croisement de ces trois notions et la dignité est la notion principale. La deuxième partie repose sur le harcèlement moral en tant que tel, dont le régime procède d’une variété de sources en France et au Brésil, appréhendé en tant que notion juridique dont les caractéristiques et les manifestations sont multiples. Il traduit un manquement de l’employeur à l’obligation de sécurité de résultat en France et à l’obligation de protection de la santé et de la sécurité du salarié au Brésil. Dans les deux pays, ce manquement peut être sanctionné sur le plan de la responsabilité civile et pénale, sans exclure la mise en œuvre du droit disciplinaire.Il s’agit d’étudier (par l’analyse de l’interprétation du Tribunal supérieur du travail brésilien et de la chambre sociale de la Cour de cassation française), la place du harcèlement moral, à la lumière de la dignité du travailleur tout en prenant en compte le contexte propre à chaque pays. Cette comparaison permettra d’identifier la place que le droit brésilien et le droit français réservent à la protection de la dignité dans la lutte qu’ils mènent contre le harcèlement moral. / The legal definition of moral harassment cannot be disassociated from an attack on the personal dignity of an employee in Brazil. In France, an attack on the personal dignity of an employee is only one of the possible outcomes resulting from moral harrassment. This is a fundamental difference between labor laws in Brazil and France and one therefore must measure the importance.The first part of the thesis focuses on the obligation to ensure the health and safety of a worker. Personal harassment is placed at the crossroads of three notions: health, safety, andpersonal dignity. Dignity is by far the most essential of these elements. The second part of the thesis focuses on moral harassment on its own, presented as a legalnotion. It highlights the lack of awareness by the employer of his obligation to ensure thesafety in France and the obligation to protect the health and safety of the employee in Brazil. In both countries, not taking the necessary precautions can be sanctioned either in the civil orpenal courts, and result in possible disciplinary actions.It is therefore necessary to study (by analysing the similarities and differences between theinterpretations by the judge of the Superior Labor Court of Brazil and a judge from the Chambre sociale de la Cour de cassation in France, the place of moral harassment, notably inview of the dignity of the worker, while taking into account the individual context of eachcountry. Finally, this comparison allows one to identify the place that Brazilian law and French law reserve for the protection of dignity and combat that they lead against moral harassment.

In August 2014, the Peruvian Supreme Courten acted  the  Fifth  Civil  Cassation Plenary, which establishes that any challenging madeto an associative agreement must be realized through the procedure referred to in the article92 of the Peruvian Civil Code. The comments and criticisms to this decision have not beenfew, considering the complexity of the theme discussed in the aforementioned decision.In this context, with the present article the author realizes a thorough critique of such Cassation Plenary. Based on the analysis of civil and procedural legal concepts, he reaches a conclusion: That the plenary decision, besides of having multiple legal errors, won't accomplish its purpose. / En agosto de 2014, la Corte Suprema promulgó el Quinto Pleno Casatorio Civil, en elque dispone que todo cuestionamiento a un acuerdo asociativo deba realizarse mediantela impugnación contemplada en el artículo 92del Código Civil. Los comentarios y las críticas a esta decisión no han sido pocas, tomandoen cuenta la complejidad del tema discutido.En ese contexto, mediante el presente artículo, el autor realiza una crítica completa sobre el Pleno Casatorio. Basándose en un análisis de conceptos jurídicos civiles y procesales, llega a una conclusión: La decisión plenaria, además de tener múltiples errores jurídicos, no logra finalmente lo que se buscaba con ella.