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University of Macau / Faculty of Arts and Humanities / Department of Chinese

In the 1940s, Sweden adopted a policy known as Det fria kriget (approximately translated to The Free War) which was a conceptualization of a war in which its homeland had suffered a major invasion by a malignant and far stronger opponent. Det fria kriget remains, to this day, mostly a set of instructions outlining how the military were to reorganize itself, at that point, to uphold the nations military resilience. This paper compares, contrasts, and discusses established conceptualizations of guerrilla warfare along the traditions of Sun Tzu, Lenin, Mao, and Che Guevara and concludes that Det fria kriget is in fact a conceptualization of Swedish guerrilla warfare. This paper calls to action a deeper understanding of the tradition and how it might have changed up until today, if it is to serve the nation’s interests come tomorrow as well.

十九世紀「廿世紀之交的中國知識份子，感受到歷來最鉅大的變遷衝擊，當時的中國 知識精英，在面臨這一空前變局時，莫不亟思改弦更張，以因應此一大勢之趨，陳獨 秀正是廿世紀初葉以降，一個堅持全盤變革的知識精英典型，他的求變心切及流於偏 頗，無可避免地陶染了濃厚的時代悲劇色彩。 陳獨秀的反傳統主義，基本上是受到當代保守主義萎縮、軟弱的消極鼓舞，加之，西 方思潮及馬列主義先後提供他建構其反傳統意識型態的素材，使他在客觀上完成了理 論的建構，這也就是陳獨秀等人領導民初思想革命的背景輪廓。 本論文嚐試抽取陳獨秀的政治思想，就其各個時期的發展，作一全面的觀察，並進而 由此一「微觀」的研究標的中，進一步總結至他「巨觀」層面的整體意義。 本論文共有八章廿九節，分別是﹕ 第一章、陳獨秀早期思想塑型 第二章、西方思想衝擊（上） 第三章、西方思想衝擊（下） 第四章、中共成立初期的陳獨秀 第五章、清黨前陳獨秀思想 第六章、被開除黨籍及建立反對派勢力 第七章、晚年政治思想 第八章、綜論陳獨秀各時期的思想變遷

Prostate cancer is the second-most diagnosed and fatal carcinoma for males in the United States, and better diagnostic markers and potential therapies are needed. microRNAs are small, single-stranded RNA molecules that affect protein expression at the translational level, and dysregulation can dramatically affect cell metabolism. Comparison of 736 microRNA expression levels between the poorly metastatic SV40T immortalized prostate epithelial cell line P69 to its highly tumorigenic and metastatic subline M12 identified 231 miRs that were overexpressed and 150 miRs that showed loss of expression in the M12 cell line. Further evaluation of fourteen identified miRs was accomplished using other prostate cell lines as well as laser-capture microdissected prostate samples. Inhibition of miR-147b was found to affect proliferative, migratory and invasive capabilities of M12 cells, and reduced tumour growth in nude athymic mice. AATF, an activator of the cell-cycle inhibitor p21, was identified as a target. Overexpression of miR-9 was found to affect the epithelial to mesenchymal transition through suppression of e-cadherin, a protein characterized as lost in EMT, as well as suppression of SOCS5, an attenuator of JAK-STAT signaling. Inhibition of miR-9 resulted in reduction of migratory and invasive potential, and significant reduction of tumorigenesis and metastases in male nude athymic mice. miR-17-3p was previously identified as down-regulated in prostate cancer and loss of miR-17-3p shown to cause vimentin transcriptional activation. Reverse phase microarray analysis (RPMA) identified c-KIT as a potential second mRNA target for miR-17-3p. miR-17-3p was shown to modulate not only protein levels, but also messenger RNA levels of c-KIT. Four miR-17-3p binding sites in the c-KIT mRNA were identified. Thus, a number of microRNAs involved in prostate cancer were identified, and their targets found to be highly relevant to tumour progression and could potentially be used as targets for therapy or diagnostics. Stability of microRNAs in forensically relevant biological fluids was evaluated through heat treatment, ultraviolet radiation, and chemical treatment. The dried body fluids showed some susceptibility to harsh treatment, but in most cases microRNAs were still detectable in the samples. microRNAs could represent a highly stable species for body fluid identification methods in forensic science.

The aim of this thesis is to introduce and analyze not well known literary genre of mongyurok. Literary genre of mongyurok firs appeared in late 15. century on Korean peninsula. This diploma thesis is also focused on analysis of korean scholar Im Che's work called Wǒnsaeng mongyurok. For the purpose of this thesis, there is a typology of the genre mentioned above, created on the basis of seven different works of the genre, described in the first chapter. This typology was used for better analysis of the Wǒnsaeng mongyurok and for comparison of genres of mongyurok and mongjaryu sosǒl.

Submitted by Irvana Coutinho (irvana@ufpa.br) on 2013-09-20T13:40:10Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Dissertacao_HistoriaCidadeCompondo.pdf: 1938811 bytes, checksum: e34122536fd55026e6ea9dbae82ed403 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Rosa Silva(arosa@ufpa.br) on 2013-09-30T14:46:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Dissertacao_HistoriaCidadeCompondo.pdf: 1938811 bytes, checksum: e34122536fd55026e6ea9dbae82ed403 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T14:46:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Dissertacao_HistoriaCidadeCompondo.pdf: 1938811 bytes, checksum: e34122536fd55026e6ea9dbae82ed403 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Trata da gestação de uma ocupação urbana no município de Marituba-Pará, hoje bairro Che Guevara, levando em conta, principalmente, noções de tempo, estratégias e representações dos sujeitos que compuseram relações sociais em um novo lugar de moradia. Neste sentido, a ideia é trilhar um percurso entre o individual e o coletivo no que se refere aos significados do morar e como esses significados interferem na construção das relações sociais do lugar de convivência com outros sujeitos. Apesar da difícil definição das fronteiras entre a História e a Antropologia, a ideia de construção do lugar de moradias remete a um debate em torno do tempo histórico, aqui concebido como o que busca sistematizar um enredo com base em uma diversidade de informações de diferentes documentos escritos e orais e, também, o antropológico, ao considerar a diversidade de formas de apresentação do tempo descrito pelos sujeitos envolvidos na trama. A pluralidade de versões sobre a construção de um ambiente urbano na Amazônia considera as narrativas que as memórias dos sujeitos oferecem. / The pregnancy of an urban occupation in the city of Marituba-PA, today neighborhood Che Guevara, taking into account, mainly, notions of time, strategies and representations of the subjects that composition social relations into a new place of residence. In this sense, the idea is along a route between the individual and the collective regarding the meanings of living and how those meanings interfere in the construction of social relations of the place of coexistence with other subjects. Despite the difficult definition of the borders between the History and Anthropology, the idea of building the place of housing refers to a debate on the long history here that the search designed as a systematic plot based on a variety of information from many written documents and oral and also the anthropological, in considering the diversity of forms of submission of the time described by subjects involved in the plot. A plurality of versions on the construction of an urban environment in the Amazon takes into account the narratives that the memories of the subjects offered.

Insurgency is considered to be the principal form of conflict in the world today. Since the end of WWII, large-scale conventional war between states has been minimal. In Iraq, a band of insurgents are attempting to defy the strongest power in the world. This insurgency in Iraq may be the beginning of a new phenomenon of insurgency conflict. This thesis argues that the Iraqi insurgency has no center of gravity, with no clear apparent leader or leadership. As seen in other examples of insurgency throughout history, no leadership has emerged in response to any of the conditions present in Iraq. There is no attempt to seize and actually hold territory, and no single, defined, or unifying ideology. Most important, through the research of this project, there has been no identifiable insurgent organization. It is true that there are multiple organizations involved, such as Al Qa’ida and Al Ansar, but there is no clear indication of any cohesion in the insurgency. This insurgency involves small groups who communicate, coordinate, and conduct their campaigns without a precise central command. The command and control is a very loose environment where individuals gravitate toward one another to carry out armed attacks, exchange intelligence, trade weapons, and then disperse at times never to operate together again. The immediate goal of the insurgency in Iraq is to disrupt the political process and drive US forces out of Iraq. However, each element of the insurgency is also driven by its own unique motivations. No matter the differences, they fight together for a common cause. Their strategy is to seize power by draining the Coalition financially and winning popular support through coercion and fear. Their resources may be unlimited, and with support coming in from all corners of the earth, they may be unstoppable. The future will determine whether or not the insurgency in Iraq is a new type of insurgency. If the Iraqi example fails to spread to other countries, then it can be said that the insurgency in Iraq was a phenomenon unique only to Iraq and its conditions.

Thesis (M. Sc.(Urb. Plan.))--University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [165-168]).