AgÃncia Nacional do PetrÃleo / A presente dissertaÃÃo refere-se ao Plano Municipal de SaÃde de Fortaleza, por meio de uma anÃlise sob o enfoque da participaÃÃo cidadÃ, no perÃodo de 2001 a 2004. A grande meta da saÃde foi assegurar a municipalizaÃÃo, com a configuraÃÃo de um Sistema Municipal de SaÃde, permitindo, em um primeiro momento, a implantaÃÃo de vÃrios serviÃos e programas de atenÃÃo bÃsica, e o fortalecimento das aÃÃes de vigilÃncia, e posteriormente a ampliaÃÃo da oferta de atenÃÃo especializada e a reorientaÃÃo da atenÃÃo hospitalar. Priorizou-se oferecer uma assistÃncia integral que pudesse dar cobertura à maioria absoluta das famÃlias do MunicÃpio. O Plano Municipal de SaÃde (2001 - 2004) teve como premissas a mudanÃa na estratÃgia de intervenÃÃo sobre os problemas de saÃde com a reorientaÃÃo do modelo assistencial e a descentralizaÃÃo das aÃÃes de saÃde. Foram aplicadas entrevistas semi-estruturada voltadas à populaÃÃo usuÃria dos serviÃos prestados no Hospital Distrital Gonzaga Mota â Barra do CearÃ, como tambÃm aos gestores e profissionais da saÃde, incluindo um tÃcnico responsÃvel pela elaboraÃÃo do referido plano e um ex-membro do Conselho Municipal de SaÃde do municÃpio de Fortaleza, referente à gestÃo de 2001 a 2004. Conclui-se que, este trabalho aponta alguns avanÃos importantes na medida em que as tentativas de superaÃÃo do modelo proposto, embora seja visÃvel a fragilidade exposta no Plano Municipal de SaÃde. / The present dissertation mentions the Municipal Plan to it of Health of Fortaleza, by means of an analysis under the approach of the participation citizen, in the period of 2001 and 2004. The great goal of the health was to assure the municipalizaÃÃo, with the configuration of a Municipal System of Health, allowing, at a first moment, the implantation of some services and programs of basic attention, and the fortalecimento of the actions of monitoring, and later the magnifying of offers of specialized attention and the reorientation of the hospital attention. It was prioritized to offer an integral assistance that could give covering to the absolute majority of the families of the City. The Municipal Plan of Health (2001 - 2004) had as premises the change in the intervention strategy on the problems of health with the reorientation of the assistencial model and the decentralization of the actions of health. Interviews half-structuralized come back to the using population of the services given in the District Hospital Gonzaga Mota - Bar of the CearÃ, as well as to the managers and professionals of the health had been applied, including for the former-member and one responsible technician elaboration related plain of the City council of Health of the city of Fortaleza, referring to the 2001 and 2004. One concludes that, this work points some important advances in the measure where the attempts of overcoming of the considered, either even so visible model the fragility displayed in the Municipal Plan of Health.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:26:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Nilton Poyer.pdf: 855896 bytes, checksum: 19ab61db753fddb02021635d51de6e42 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-08 / The question that guides this dissertation is to demonstrate how the Florentine author gets the idea of virtue and conforms It to his time: the virtù then disegnates as the ability to transform, through knowlegde and action, the political reality in accordin to certain political goals both through individual actions, under a principality as through citizens in a republic. Machiavelli proceeds with his arguments indicating that acting with virtù means the capacity, intelligence and sagacity, of those who govern to conform reality to their goals. Therefore, while situates virtú as exceptional and distinguished political action in two moments: virtù the conquest of glory, the group which the great men, the founders belong, whose orders and institutions remain, virtù and the conquest of power group, to which the great captains belong who, although bearing virtù, had their actions marked by the abscence, so that as soon as they leave the framework of the story, their orders and institutions do the same the framework of the story. Machiavelli, following the path related to the actions of great men, presents the confrontation between virtù and wealth sentencing: for that our free cont be extinct, the wealth means to be the arbiter of half our actions, leaving us to rule the other half, or so. The intended result is to show that, given the imminent need to achieve virtù Machiavelli indicates the path to be followed is that of the educational process through civic education. It Demonstrates that to conform the citizen, it is necessary to highlight the difference between the good citizen and the good man, and his conformation will only occur through education, where pedagogic tools are the military structure and religious structure. When considering the educational means at his time, Machiavelli asserts that there is a weak education and promoter of idleness and licentiousness. To overcome idleness and licentiousness, Machiavelli draws on examples from the past that, by education and virtù, with the help of the military and religious atructures provided a citizen formation. It also demonstrates that, for conformation of the civic man, courage patriotism and willing for sacrifice for the common good are achieved by education. Inaddition the conformation of the virtù is acquired education of man, the recurrence of morality, the desire for freedom, becoming indispensable in combating degradation of political action, that is, the corruption. / A questão que norteia esta dissertação é demonstrar como o autor florentino recebe a ideia de virtude e a conforma para seu tempo: a virtù passa a designar a capacidade de transformar, pelo conhecimento e ação, a realidade política em vista de determinados objetivos políticos tanto por meio de ações individuais sob um principado quanto por meio dos cidadãos sob uma república. Maquiavel procede em seus argumentos indicando que agir com virtù designa a capacidade, inteligência e sagacidade daqueles que governam para conformar a realidade aos seus objetivos. Para tanto, situa a virtù enquanto ação política excepcional e a distingue em dois momentos: a virtù e conquista da glória, grupo ao qual pertencem os homens excelentes, os fundadores, cujas ordens e instituições permanecem; e a virtù e conquista do poder, grupo ao qual pertencem os excelentes capitães que, embora possuidores de virtù, têm suas ações marcadas pela não permanência, de sorte que tão logo deixam o quadro da história, suas ordens e instituições também deixam o quadro da história. Maquiavel, ao trilhar o caminho conexo às ações dos grandes homens, apresenta o enfrentamento entre virtù e fortuna sentenciando: para que nosso livre arbítrio não seja extinto, a fortuna precisa ser árbitra da metade das nossas ações, ainda nos deixando governar a outra metade, ou quase. O resultado pretendido é o de demonstrar que, diante da iminente necessidade de alcançar a virtù, Maquiavel indica que o caminho a ser percorrido é o do processo educativo através da educação cívica. Demonstra que, para conformar o cidadão, é necessário evidenciar a diferença existente entre o bom cidadão e o homem bom, sendo que sua conformação só se dará por meio da educação, em que as ferramentas pedagógicas são a estrutura militar e a estrutura religiosa. Ao considerar os meios educacionais em seus dias, Maquiavel afirma que há uma educação fraca e promotora do ócio e da licenciosidade. Para suplantar o ócio e a licenciosidade, Maquiavel recorre aos exemplos do passado que, pela educação e pela virtù, com auxílio da estrutura militar e religiosa, proporcionaram uma formação cidadã. Demonstra ainda que, para a conformação do homem cívico, a coragem, o patriotismo e a disponibilidade de se sacrificar pelo bem comum são concretizadas pela educação. Igualmente, que a conformação à virtù se dá por meio da educação do homem, da recorrência aos bons costumes, do desejo de liberdade, tornando-se imprescindíveis no combate à degradação do agir político, isto é, da corrupção.

Orientador: Rosana Onocko Campos / Tese (Doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T20:10:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Goncalves_LauraLamasMartins_D.pdf: 2375907 bytes, checksum: 3048b5843c3d5fa2b26b62d5c1ac1734 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Esta pesquisa insere-se no contexto de uma pesquisa multicêntrica realizada em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) de três cidades brasileiras, nos anos de 2009 e 2010, com o objetivo de traduzir, adaptar e testar um instrumento produzido no Canadá, o Guia pessoal da gestão autônoma da medicação (Guia GAM). Tal instrumento foi criado a partir do reconhecimento de uma utilização pouco crítica dos medicamentos nos tratamentos em saúde mental e também do reconhecimento do valor simbólico da medicação na vida dos usuários. O Guia parte do reconhecimento do direito ao consentimento livre e esclarecido para a utilização da medicação e da necessidade de compartilhar as decisões entre profissionais e usuários e tem como um de seus objetivos tornarem disponíveis informações sobre as medicações (efeitos colaterais, doses terapêuticas, etc.). Propusemos o uso do Guia através de um Grupo de Intervenção com sete usuários de serviços de saúde mental do município de Campinas, com transtorno mental grave e com história de participação política no campo da saúde com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da experimentação do Guia na relação desses usuários com seus tratamentos e nas suas ações de militância. Nossa pesquisa incluiu a realização de encontros quinzenais, grupos focais e entrevistas em profundidade. Transformamos as transcrições em narrativas por extração de seus núcleos argumentais e identificamos uma mudança no julgamento crítico dos usuários, sobretudo, acerca do uso da medicação, dos seus direitos. Os usuários demonstraram maior conhecimento sobre o que tomam e para quê e passaram a reconhecer uma autoridade em si própria, e não apenas nos médicos, embora mantivessem a percepção de que os profissionais seriam superiores e possuiriam o poder de decisão sobre o tratamento. Problematizaram mais o modo como são atendidos e houve usuários que, mobilizados pelas discussões nos grupos, buscaram conversar com seus médicos, visando ajustes no uso de algum medicamento. Também fortaleceram suas participações enquanto militantes da saúde mental, ampliando espaços de atuação e/ou ampliando as próprias ações enquanto usuários sujeito- político de direito, que debate o tratamento e a instituição de que participa / Abstract: This research falls within the context of a multicenter study conducted in Centers for Psychosocial Care (CAPS) in three Brazilian cities, in the years 2009 and 2010, aiming to translate and adapt to the Brazilian culture the personal Guide for the Autonomous Medication Management (GAM), beyond testing this instrument developed in Canada. This instrument was drawn on the recognition of an uncritical use of medicines in mental health treatments, as well as the acceptance of the symbolic value of such medicines in the lives of the users of mental health services. The Guide recognizes the right to informed consent prior to the use of the medication and asserts the need of shared decisions between professionals and service users; therefore one of its goals is to provide information about medications (side effects, therapeutic doses, etc.). To evaluate its effects over the service users in relation with their treatment and their militant actions, the research proposed the utilization of this Guide through an Intervention Group composed of seven users of mental health services in Campinas, all of them with diagnostic of severe mental disorder and a personal history of political participation in the field of health. Our research included conducting fortnightly meetings, focus groups and in-depth interviews, whose transcripts were transformed in narratives by extracting their argumentation nuclei. As a result, a change was identified in the critical judgment of these users, especially regarding the use of medication and the recognition of their rights as such. These users demonstrated improved knowledge about the medicines they take and why they do so, assimilating an authority in themselves, not just in their doctors, although keeping their perception that professionals would have superiority and the power to make decisions about treatment. The users questioned over how they are treated at the health services and some of them, driven by the group discussions, sought to talk to their doctors aiming adjustments in the use of particular medications. They also strengthened their holdings while militants in the mental health field, increasing the scope of intervention and / or expanding their own actions as 'users - political subjects' which discuss the treatment and the institution in which they participate / Doutorado / Política, Gestão e Planejamento / Doutora em Saúde Coletiva

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:46:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulo_Sergio_Mansija_Pinto.pdf: 3110197 bytes, checksum: e1a824c92ebfef14b01bd2dcce9964b9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-17 / The Culture politics according to Almond and Verba (1963) is to the orientations specifically politics, the attitudes with respect to the system politician, its diverse parts and the paper of the citizen in the public life. To the measure that if explicit the standards of distribution of orientation for the action politics, the Culture Politics helps to bind individual trends to the characteristics of a system. In this scope it was objectified to investigate the culture politics of the riograndino citizen, breaking of the hypothesis of the culture politics of the riograndino citizen to show personalist and pragmatic, marked for phenomena as the discredit and the diffidence in relation to the politics and the politicians, beyond a strong feeling of inefficacy politics. Such phenomena would disclose to a culture fragmented and skeptical politics. It will be used as the quantitative research arrives in a set methodological, constituted of a sample of conglomerates (tax sector) of 400 voters of the urban area. Randomly it was defined, in a universe of (xnº) sectors of the city, (xnº) of sectors to search. Stipulating 10 questionnaires to the minimum sector, 15 to intermediary and 20 to the maximum. Survey composes in 24 questions for instrument form, searched to investigate 0 variable related to the partner-demographic characteristics, interest for politics, partisan preference, decision of the vote, and factors in the electoral choice, vote for mayor and councilmen, confidence in the institutions politics and participation politics of the citizens. The data harvested for the empirical research had corroborated the hypothesis; however, the research displayed peculiarities of the system local politician not foreseen. The biggest obstacle to the research is the complexity of if apprehending the reality, demanding research in times thus alternated to prove the regularity of the behavior politician, therefore the sounding of a moment. / A Cultura Política, segundo Almond e Verba (1963), são as orientações especificamente políticas, as atitudes com respeito ao sistema político, suas diversas partes e o papel do cidadão na vida pública. À medida que se explicita os padrões de distribuição de orientação para a ação política, a Cultura Política ajuda a ligar tendências individuais às características de um sistema. Nesse âmbito, objetivou-se sondar a cultura política do cidadão riograndino, partindo-se da hipótese da cultura política do cidadão riograndino revelar-se personalista e pragmática, marcada por fenômenos como o descrédito e a desconfiança em relação à política e aos políticos, além de um forte sentimento de ineficácia política. Tais fenômenos revelariam uma cultura política fragmentada e cética. Utilizou-se como aporte metodológico a pesquisa quantitativa, constituída de uma amostra por conglomerados (setor censitário) de 400 eleitores da área urbana. Aleatoriamente definiu-se, em um universo de (xnº) setores da cidade, (xnº) de setores a pesquisar. Estipulando-se 10 questionários ao setor mínimo, 15 ao intermediário e 20 ao máximo. O survey compõe-se de 24 questões por instrumento formulário, buscou sondar variáveis relacionadas às características sócio-demográficas, interesse por política, preferência partidária, decisão do voto, fatores na escolha eleitoral, voto para prefeito e para vereadores, confiança nas instituições políticas e participação política dos cidadãos. Os dados colhidos pela pesquisa empírica corroboraram a hipótese, no entanto, a pesquisa expôs peculiaridades do sistema político local não previstas. O maior óbice à pesquisa é a omplexidade de se apreender a realidade, assim demandando pesquisas em tempos alternados para comprovar a regularidade do comportamento político, por isso a sondagem de um momento.

South African municipalities have often been labelled as failing in the provision of services to local communities. These allegations include poor governance, mal administration, corruption and poor delivery of services to where they are needed most. Certain municipalities, however, are unable to deliver sufficient services to the communities of their geographic areas due to mal administration, political interference and corruption. This study is about the analysis of Community Participation and Consultation in Local Government, using the Umhlontlo Local Municipality as a case study. The focus of the study was on the participation of communities in the decision making processes of their local municipalities. The issue of community participation in decision making has been receiving attention in South Africa, from both government and civil society sectors. Only 50% of the areas are receiving running water, enjoying electricity and living in RDP houses. Government in many parts of the world has begun to take a fresh look at the need for public participation in the decision making process. The main problem that will be addressed in this study, is the extent to which communities can be involved in the decision making process in the Umhlontlo Local Municipality. To address this research problem and to achieve the aim of this study, an in-depth review of the literature on decision making was conducted. The empirical research was done by distributing self-administered questionnaires to the participants in Umhlontlo Local Municipality. The research findings will reveal that there is poor community consultation. This report presents the findings of a study conducted to identify the strategies and consultation structures used in the participation of communities in the decision making processes. Measures of effectiveness of these strategies are also indicated in the report. A key indicator of the need for this study was triggered by the non-attendance of the communities in the IDP (Define IDP – Integrated Development Plan) road shows and also by the complaints of a serious lack in service delivery. It was also noted that there was little understanding of the IDP concept & documentation. The results of this study also show that the communities do not fully participate in the development planning processes. The researcher hopes that this study will sensitize the communities to participate in the affairs of their development so as to accelerate progress in communities, which will further improve the quality of their lives.

Le statut des militaires en France s'est toujours inscrit dans la spécificité. En effet, bien que la loi numéro 72-662 portant statut général des militaires du 13 juillet 1972, puis la loi numéro 2005-270 du 25 mars 2005, reconnaissent aux militaires la qualité de citoyen, elles aménagent, dans un second temps, un ensemble de sujétions qui restreignent, voire interdisent, aux militaires l'exercice de libertés inhérentes à la qualité de citoyen. Les militaires ne peuvent être considérés comme des citoyens 'ordinaires' puisque, d'une part, ils sont des agents de l'état et sont, de ce fait, astreints à des sujétions propres aux agents publics; d'autre part, de la spécificité des missions qu'ils assument découlent des sujétions qui leur sont propres. Cependant, le rapprochement des militaires à la société civile organisée par la loi du 25 mars 2005 ainsi que les évolutions de la société civiles et de l'armée française ont conduit à s'interroger sur les justifications de sujétions des militaires. La présente thèse a ainsi pour objet l'étude des sujétions militaires au regard des droit et libertés garantis à tout citoyen français. / The legal situation of the French military has alway been specific. The legislators of 1972 and 2005 have progressively put an end to the capitis deminutio which prevent the soldiers to exercise their rights and liberties. For this purpose, the legal framework of the military has been progressively approched to the legal framework of the official, while preserving specific principles forming the very basis of the military state. The military have recovered the substance part of their the rights and liberies aknowleged to the cititizens, and consequently, they are legaly between the citizen, the official and the soldier.

Research into the citizen political participation via social media is dominated by two grand narratives. In the first, new media are seen as empowering society, while the second portrays the Internet as the State’s ultimate tool for manipulating citizens. This research employed content analysis, critical discourse analysis and interview to compare and contrast the nature of political participation and deliberation on Weibo in [Hong Kong and mainland] and by [VIPs and causal users] on 2012 Hong Kong Chief Executive Election, and how the online censorship shaped their political participation and deliberation regarding this case. Mixed methods used with theoretical framework (e.g. democracy, digital democracy, deliberative democracy, e-participation and citizenship) in this research has demonstrated the role of Weibo both ‘tool’ ‘forum’ and ‘object’ to understand deliberative democracy while citizens used for political participation and deliberation. Dynamic forms of self-censorship demonstrated how the online censorship shaped the citizens’ political participation and deliberation through dynamic explicit or implicit ways on Weibo in this case.

Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a Master’s Degree in: Tourism and Hospitality Management, Durban University of Technology, 2017. / This thesis discusses the concept of community participation and tourism development in KwaZulu-Natal using a case study of the Didima Resort and Umhlwazini community in Bergville, Drakensberg. In order to examine the research topic, the thesis scrutinizes the following key concepts: community participation in tourism development; tourism development initiatives for the local community of Umhlwazini; and, the contribution of tourism development towards community enhancement. The research was guided by four research objectives: (1) To investigate the level of understanding and awareness that the Umhlwazini community have regarding tourism development and the importance of community participation; (2) To investigate whether there is active community participation and whether there are tourism development initiatives or practices the resort authority is offering to the local community; (3) To ascertain strategies employed by Didima Resort to encourage maximum participation of communities for development of tourism at Umhlwazini; and, (4) To identify problems that hinder the community's participation in tourism development at Umhlwazini. The outcomes from the interviews indicate that the majority of the Umhlwazini community members are willing and interested in participating in the development of the tourism initiatives happening at Didima Resort and within their community. Currently, the community's participation in tourism development in their area is predominantly at the level of temporary jobs which are occasionally offered to unskilled labour. Work opportunities for skilled workers are non-existent so that not even a single member from the community is part of the Didima Resort management team. Recommendations arising from the study include but are not limited to the following: There must be a vigorous, selfless and mutual cooperation between the following role players; Amangwane Traditional Council, Ezemvelo KwaZulu-Natal Wildlife (Didima), Ingonyama Trust, Okhahlamba local municipality and the community of Umhlwazini. This association will ensure that the interests of the community are taken into account and that the community is part and parcel of any tourism development projects taking place in the Umhlwazini area. There is an obligation for community enhancement programs such as tourism awareness campaigns and tourism seminars in the Umhlwazini community. Ezemvelo KwaZulu-Natal Wildlife (EKZNW) must put more effort into advertising and promoting community products such as bicycle hire and handcraft work. That effort can increase the visibility and sales of such community products. Community problems appear to be more noticeable than benefits. Some of the problems identified are: the lack of jobs from Didima Resort; no improvement in the infrastructure of the community; local artistic talent is not utilised during mega events happening at Didima. The lack of tourism awareness and education was identified as two main causal factors that impede community participation in tourism development, as well as the breakdown of communication between Ezemvelo KwaZulu-Natal Wildlife and Umhlwazini leadership (traditional council and contemporary political councillor). According to the outcomes derived from analysis of the data from interviews, this research study concludes that local community members desire to play an active role in the tourism development process of Didima and Umhlwazini. In general, community members want to see decisions about tourism development in their area made co-operatively by Ezemvelo KwaZulu-Natal Wildlife, Okhahlamba municipality and local leaders (Amangwane Traditional Council) in consultation with the local community of Umhlwazini. They also want to be recipients of tourism benefits and want transparency regarding the community levy fund which is meant to support community projects. This research study further concludes that there is great potential for community participation in tourism development initiatives at Umhlwazini community and Didima Resort. There are various tourism opportunities for the community which can be explored including a traditional restaurant and a cultural village which would benefit the community immensely. The community of Umhlwazini needs to be empowered with knowledge, business skills and financial assistance to start business ventures. It is only when the local community benefits financially that their participation in tourism development will become meaningful to them. / M

Name of Dissertation: Civil Participation in Social Planning: Limits and Possibilities Name: Petr Čech Field of Study: Sociology Leader of Dissertation: PhDr. Richard Růžička, CSc. Keywords: citizen, community, participation, social service, social/community planning The dissertation focused on participative element of democracy. The author aimed at the way of participation in the selected districts and attempted to analyze the way of communication of the events relating to the social planning process. The theoretical part of the dissertation began with the chapter "Citizen and Society". This chapter dealed the citizenship concept and the civil society concept. The general and the participation was dealed in connection with the citizenship and the civil society. The next chapter "Community and Change" defined in particular sections the term community and the incidental terms - community work and community care, community developement. The considerable part of this chapter was the treatise on community planning with regard to community planning of social services. The non-profit sector and social services were the themes of the final chapter. The section community planning of social servical was placed as concluding section as the terminological unravelment. The research within the framework of...

Masters in Public Administration - MPA / This study examined the role of regional councilors in consultation and communication regarding rural service delivery in Namibia, with specific reference to the Oshana region. The research includes a case study that assessed the degree and the extent to which consultation and communication takes place between regional councilors and community members at constituency level in the region. It also examined the inevitability of consultation and communication concerning basic services provision such as water and electricity in the Oshana region. / South Africa