Protosciences, or new sciences trying to establish their legitimacy, are ubiquitous in literature. In the old stories we hear of alchemists who can only dream of the discoveries that modern chemists take for granted, and in the new stories we hear of travelers moving faster than light as our greatest physicists attempt to make that fantasy a reality. Limiting our viewpoint to the modern scientific reductionist view of the universe not only makes little sense if we consider Michael Polanyi's theories of emergence and 'personal knowledge', but it robs medieval scholars for the conceptual credit they are due for theories they could not satisfactorily explain by the future's standards, and stifles the sorts of fantastic possibilities that are opened by the great science-fiction authors. Medieval authors' expositions of protoscientific thought laid the ground work for our own modern disciplines, and by reexamining how this happened we can develop a new appreciation for the power of the imagination. / by Robert James Leivers. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2013. / Includes bibliography. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / System requirements: Adobe Reader.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-11-26T10:53:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Davi Junqueira Marin.pdf: 4237779 bytes, checksum: cfec1db3ec20ddca7dbf3060f65d2808 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T10:53:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Davi Junqueira Marin.pdf: 4237779 bytes, checksum: cfec1db3ec20ddca7dbf3060f65d2808 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-10-02 / Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo - PUCSP / The present dissertation aims to arrive at a concept of narrator that embraces all the complexity of electronic networks writing. In order to do so, Facebook was chosen as an object of study to illustrate the rationale presented together with the concepts debated not only by their amplitude in terms of diversity of use, but as a product that also symbolizes some unanimity in our research context within an even larger environment, which we call here the Galaxy of Zuckerberg in the wake of the works of Marshal McLuhan. Since Walter Benjamin establishes his criticism in The narrator, we seek an analysis of classic concepts from the typographic universe brought by authors such as Paul Ricoeur, mainly, and Gérard Genette and Roland Barthes in the background, along with Todorov. Although our chronology of work beeing ultra contemporary and very current, the debate of concepts goes back to classical antiquity, the Middle Ages and modern times marked by the emergence of the Gutenberg press, when begins the process Benjamin will call death of the experience or death of the narrator. In illustrating the analysis of what we are calling networked writing, of real time narrative through examples drawn from Facebook profiles, we mark the birth of this new media galaxy emerging at the apex of the twentieth century and that made the typography mature while shining at the same time new mechanical-electrical techniques of reproduction of arts and storytelling, or artificial reproduction of experience, as Benjamin puts it. Thus, by pairing great authors in their great works, such as McLuhan and Benjamin, we get an overview of what can be the new electronic age precisely from the study of the transposition of the mŷthos in Paul Ricoeur, through concepts such as point of view and time in the composition of narratives. The central idea is that new faces do not change old habits and that although new media bring in its core the need to review themes and conceptual updates, the core of questions and habits are timeless and always obey the same structure, regardless of their context or their technological support. Concluding poetically as the question is worked in the same way through the course, we will agree with Walter Benjamin on the death of the narrator, but we will also agree with Marshal McLuhan in saying that he may be reborn in his new global village / A presente dissertação tem por objetivo chegar a um conceito de narrador que abrace toda a complexidade das escritas nas redes eletrônicas. Para tanto, o Facebook foi eleito como objeto de estudo para ilustrar o raciocínio apresentado juntamente com os conceitos debatidos não apenas pela sua amplitude em termos de diversidade de uso, mas enquanto produto que também simboliza certa unanimidade em nosso contexto de pesquisa dentro de um ambiente ainda maior, o que chamamos aqui de Galáxia de Zuckerberg na esteira das obras de Marshal McLuhan. A partir da crítica que Walter Benjamin estabelece em O narrador, buscamos uma análise de conceitos clássicos provenientes do universo tipográfico trazidos por autores como Paul Ricoeur, principalmente, e Gérard Genette e Roland Barthes em segundo plano, juntamente com Todorov. Embora nossa cronologia de trabalho seja ultra contemporânea, atualíssima, o debate dos conceitos remonta a antiguidade clássica, a Idade Média e os tempos modernos marcados pelo surgimento da prensa de Gutenberg, quando se inicia o processo que Benjamin vai chamar de morte da experiência, ou morte do narrador. Ao ilustrarmos uma análise do que estamos chamando de escrita em rede, de narrativa real time através de exemplos extraídos de perfis do Facebook, demarcamos o nascimento dessa nova galáxia de mídia que surge no ápice do século XX e que fez amadurecer a tipografia ao mesmo tempo em que brilharam novas técnicas mecânico-elétricas de reprodução de artes e de contação de histórias, ou de reprodução artificial da experiência, como coloca Benjamin. Assim, ao emparelharmos grandes autores em suas grandes obras, como McLuhan e Benjamin, conseguimos uma visão de conjunto sobre o que pode ser a nova era eletrônica justamente a partir do estudo da transposição do mŷthos em Paul Ricoeur através de conceitos como ponto de vista e tempo na composição das narrativas. A ideia central é a de que novas faces não mudam os velhos hábitos, e que apesar de novas mídias trazerem em seu bojo a necessidade da revisão de temas e atualizações conceituais, o cerne das questões e os hábitos são atemporais e obedecem sempre a uma mesma estrutura, independente de seu contexto ou de seu suporte tecnológico. Concluindo de forma poética assim como é trabalhada a questão durante todo o percurso, vamos concordar com Walter Benjamin sobre a morte do narrador, mas vamos também concordar com Marshal McLuhan ao dizermos que ele pode estar renascido em sua nova aldeia global

Esta pesquisa visa evidenciar as semelhanças existentes entre a proposta de Giambattista Vico sobre o começo das civilizações gentílicas e as argumentações rabínicas relativas ao episódio do Dilúvio Universal, narrado em Gênesis 6 e considerado um documento conservado pelas tradições orais e verbais judaicas. Buscamos os fundamentos da literatura grego-romana e judaica que levaram Vico a intuir um método para a verificação das ciências humanas. Tal método difere do método dedutivo, aclamado pelos intelectuais de sua época, pois o filósofo italiano acredita que a religião está presente na base do processo civilizatório e coloca a linguagem como o fenômeno que organiza o mundo. Levantamos - nos postulados viquianos e nas argumentações rabínicas relativas aos primeiros capítulos de Gênesis - as observações que apresentam as características intrínsecas que condicionam os homens a instituir os três princípios eternos (religião, casamentos e sepulturas), identificáveis na formação de todos os povos; situamos as três fases viquianas (divina, heróica e humana) nos textos judaicos e evidenciamos, na visão rabínica de mundo, os fundamentos usados como base para a formação do conceito viquiano sobre a graça; tal conceito é responsável pela divisão da humanidade entre hebreus e gentios e dá margem às conjecturas relativas à existência de gigantes no tempo do dilúvio / This research aims to evidence the existing similarities between the proposal of Giambattista Vico about the beginning of the heathen civilization and rabbinic arguments about the episode of the Flood, in Genesis 6, considered a document conserved for Jewish oral and verbal traditions. We searched for the beddings of literature Jewish and Greek-Roman that allowed Vico to intuit a method for the verification of human beings sciences. Such method differs from the deductive method, acclaimed for the intellectuals of its time: the Italian philosopher believes that the religion is present in the base of the civilization process and places the language as the phenomenon that organizes the world. We showed - in the vichian postulates and the rabbinic arguments about the first chapters of Genesis - the comments that focus the intrinsic characteristics which induce the men to institute the three perpetual principles (religion, marriages and sepultures), identifiable in the formation of the nations everywhere; we pointed the three vichian phases (divine, heroic and human being) in the Jewish texts and we evidence, in the rabbinic view of world, the beddings used as base for the elaboration of the vichian concept about the favour; such concept is responsible for the division of the humanity between heathen and Hebrews allowing conjectures about the existence of giants in the time of the Flood

Através da pesquisa dos elementos verticais, presentes na maioria dos edifícios da cidade de Mália do período palacial (2300-1480 a.C.), temos como objetivo nesta dissertação de mestrado analisar a organização tridimensional das construções, tanto as privadas como as públicas. A investigação inicialmente parte das noções do conhecimento de todas propriedades e características desses mega-artefatos, os edifícios. Em seguida, busca identificar padrões e regularidades, analisando os materiais, as técnicas e as disposições das escadarias inseridas nas construções, para assim poder compreender o papel do elemento vertical na percepção do espaço entre os minóicos, a tridimensionalidade de seus edifícios, suas restrições e possíveis reestruturações de funções, pois o que restou dessas construções são apenas as rotas horizontais. Tenta-se identificar as concepções que levaram seus usuários a optar por verticalizar suas cidades. Esta pesquisa revela que os elementos verticais são essencias na paisagem em relação aos aspectos espaciais construídos; definem edifícios que se destacam e modificam o território onde viviam os minóicos. / Through the research of vertical elements, which are prevalent throughout the majority of the buildings in the palatial city of Malia (2300-1480 a.C.), we aim to analyze the spatial organization of tri-dimensional constructions, in both private and public buildings. The investigation is initially based on the notions of the knowledge of all the properties and characteristics of those mega-artefacts, the buildings. Then, identify patterns and regularities, analyzing the material, the techniques, and the layout of staircases built into the constructions, as to achieve a deeper understanding of the role the vertical element played in the perception of space among the minoans, their tridimensionality techniques, the restrictions and the possibility of restructuring functions, since what is left of the constructions is only the floor plan. We attempt to identify the conceptions that led the users to choose to make their cities vertical. This research shows how essential the vertical elements are in the landscape when built spacial aspects are concerned; they define buildings which stand out and modify the territories where the minoans lived.

複印手抄本. / Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學. / Fu yin shou chao ben. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 137-147). / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue. / Chapter 第一章 --- 研究的目標與意義 / Chapter 第二章 --- 理論基礎 / Chapter 一 --- 現代化的函義 / Chapter 二 --- 傳統、現代化、與過性 / Chapter 三 --- 價值與態度 / Chapter 四 --- 個人現代化與婚姻態度 / Chapter 第三章 --- 研究方法與設計 / Chapter 一 --- 研究的模型 / Chapter 二 --- 概念定義 / Chapter 三 --- 問卷的設計 / Chapter 四 --- 抽樣及資料收集 / Chapter 五 --- 統計分析方法 / Chapter 第四章 --- 樣本的社會背景 / Chapter 一 --- 樣本的個人背景 / Chapter 二 --- 樣本的家庭背景 / Chapter 第五章 --- 現代價值與個人現代化 / Chapter 一 --- 現代化的一般趋势̐ưج現代價值 / Chapter 二 --- 個人背景與個人現代化 / Chapter 三 --- 家庭背景與個人現代化 / Chapter 第六章 --- 婚姻態度的現代意識 / Chapter 一 --- 婚姻態度的一般趋势 / Chapter 二 --- 個人背景與婚姻態度 / Chapter 三 --- 家庭背景與婚姻態度 / Chapter 第七章 --- 結論 / 注釋 / Chapter 附錄一 --- 個人現代化量表 / Chapter 附錄二 --- 婚姻態度量表 / Chapter 附錄三 --- 個人及家庭背景問卷

鄒芷茵. / "2005年6月". / 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2005. / 參考文獻(leaves 102-126). / "2005 nian 6 yue". / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / Zou Zhiyin. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2005. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 102-126). / Chapter 第一章 --- 導論 / Chapter 第一節 --- 硏究動機及目的 --- p.1 / Chapter 第二節 --- 硏究範圍及前人硏究成果 --- p.5 / Chapter 第三節 --- 硏究方法 --- p.9 / Chapter 第二章 --- 「本土意識」的論述背景 / Chapter 第一節 --- 全球化、殖民及後殖民處境下的「本土」 --- p.11 / Chapter 第二節 --- 從「家」的槪念理解「本土意識」 --- p.16 / Chapter 第三節 --- 從閱讀活動討論「本土意識」 --- p.18 / Chapter 第三章 --- 尋找香港新詩的「本土」痕跡 / Chapter 第一節 --- 香港文學的「本土」起源說 --- p.23 / Chapter 第二節 --- 指涉「家」的所在 --- p.27 / Chapter 第三節 --- 從「家事」走進香港歷史 --- p.46 / Chapter 第四節 --- 小結 --- p.67 / Chapter 第四章 --- 建構「本土」身分的意識活動 / Chapter 第一節 --- 背負香港歷史的敘述者 --- p.70 / Chapter 第二節 --- 評論者的意識 --- p.78 / Chapter 第三節 --- 「集體」不集體 --- p.85 / Chapter 第四節 --- 小結 --- p.94 / Chapter 第五章 --- 結論 / Chapter 第一節 --- 本土意識：記憶的書寫與詮釋 --- p.96 / Chapter 第二節 --- 編年硏究的反省 --- p.99 / 參考書目 --- p.103 / Chapter 附錄： --- 選用作品簡表 --- p.127

L’objectif du travail de recherche est de présenter une analyse du système d’écriture hiéroglyphique anatolien entre la moitié du IIe millénaire av. J.-C. – quand des symboles graphiques déjà connus et employés en milieu anatolien commencent à s’organiser en système – et les premiers siècles du Ier millénaire av. J.-C. Le corpus pris en considération est constitué essentiellement par les inscriptions monumentales de la période hittite. Les caractéristiques principales de ces inscriptions ont été par la suite comparées avec un certain nombre de textes de la période post-hittite. Au cours du travail de recherche, à une analyse proprement philologique et linguistique des textes qui constituent le corpus examiné, on a préféré une approche différente, capable de prendre en considération tous les aspects et les propriétés des hiéroglyphes anatoliens. Les pratiques sociales liées aux phénomènes d’écriture, le choix des supports, les pratiques de mise en page des textes, le rôle des rédacteurs, la perception des textes de la part des lecteurs et le caractère « politique » du corpus ont constitué le véritable cœur de la recherche. Un intérêt particulier a été également porté au rapport entre « code scriptural » et « code visuel », et notamment au fait que, dans le cas de l’écriture hiéroglyphique anatolienne – comme dans le cas de toute écriture hiéroglyphique – l’opposition figuratif vs textuel doit forcement être mis de côté en raison des principes mêmes du fonctionnement du système d’écriture. / The main goal of the research work is to present a survey on the Anatolian hieroglyphic script between the middle of the 2nd millennium BC – when a series of symbols already known and used in Anatolia takes the form of a proper writing system – and the first centuries of the 1st millennium BC. The text corpus chosen as case study mainly consists of the monumental inscriptions dating to the Hittite Empire Period. These inscriptions and their main characteristics have been subsequently compared with some representative texts dating to the Neo-Hittite period. Concerning the methodological aspects of the research, instead of a philological and linguistic analysis of the corpus taken into consideration, it has been preferred an approach able to take into account the social practices connected with the use of the writing system. According to this methodological choice, special attention has been paid to the text carriers, the organization of the texts’ layout, the role played by the authors and the scribes, the ‘consumption’ of the texts by the target audience, and the political and ideological character of the inscriptions. In addition, in the light of the fundamental nature of the Anatolian hieroglyphic system, the signs of which are both images and signs of writing, particular attention has also been paid to the link existing between ‘writing’ and ‘visual’ codes, and especially to the ambiguous relationship existing between the iconographic and textual elements of the inscriptions.

The purpose of my thesis is to study the lament in ancient Greek culture, and to show how its ritual meaning is interpreted by literature. The terms goos, oimoge, threnos and linos not only indicate the presence of different ritual attitudes to death but also the existence of different interpretations for each of them. The goos and the oimoge mirror an archaic religiosity and consist of sinister utterances aimed at summoning ghosts, requesting for divine revenge, etc. Aeschylus introduces them as aischrologic acts as he implies the presence of a god or a daimon. Sophocles and Euripides use them as dysphemic elements and censure an approach to death which implies that gods are vindictive, deceitful and unjust. However, they also introduce an euphemic goos consisting in an expression of feelings. The threnos only appears in funerary contexts in Homer while is often introduced as dysphemic in drama. The linos-song is mentioned as a vintage-song in Homer, it appears as a lament and then as a song for some hero’s apotheosis or return to life in drama. The poetic use of these terms serves to understand how the social and political meaning of the ritual was understood and codified by literature.

This thesis demonstrates the significance of Food Vessel pottery and burial in Northern England during the Early Bronze Age (c.2200 to 1800 cal BC). It represents the first original and sustained study of this burial tradition for several decades. It is argued that the interwoven relationships between Food Vessels, other ceramic types, and trade and exchange networks are both a reason why the tradition has posed interpretative problems for prehistorians, and a central component of its significance during the Early Bronze Age. The chronological relationships between British Food Vessels and other ceramic and funerary traditions are reviewed using the first comprehensive and critically assessed dataset of radiocarbon determinations. Previous approaches to Food Vessel typology are critically reviewed and a new approach based on the ‘potter’s perspective’ and contextual studies is proposed. A contextual approach is applied to Food Vessels from three regions of Northern England: the Northern Counties; North-East Yorkshire, the central lowlands and North-West England; and South-East Yorkshire. Each study reveals significant inter- and intra-regional similarities and differences in how Food Vessels were used and understood. The significance of Food Vessel pottery and burial is then discussed at a national scale.

This work discusses change and continuities taking place in the transition from the Late Bronze to the Early Iron Ages in Greece. The geographical range will cover the eastern mainland (including Euboea), Naxos and Knossos, in a period starting from the final palatial culture of LH IIIB2/13th century and ending with the Proto-Geometric/10th century burial evidence. In order to collect and observe the archaeological evidence several tombs assemblages have been researched from both original reports and visits to relevant Greek museums. Finds have been tabulated, and continuities, innovations and losses have been identified. The major categories of material evidence analysed included pottery, metalwork and jewellery but also the form of the tombs and the manner of the burials were considered. The final analysis of these categories of evidence refutes theories of major and or abrupt change, whether caused by invasion or natural phenomena. It rather indicates social modifications following the loss of the palatial centres and their administration and culminating in their gradual replacement by new forms of social structure. Although not directly demonstrable from the existing evidence, a possible scenario is proposed to explain the frequent indications of influence from SE and Central Europe during this transition.