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Submitted by Viviane Lima da Cunha (viviane@biblioteca.ufpb.br) on 2018-01-31T13:35:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 741468 bytes, checksum: e1f69b23461b1e0a2db53c311fc38889 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-31T13:35:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 741468 bytes, checksum: e1f69b23461b1e0a2db53c311fc38889 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study is about the problem of violence on Norbert Elias’ civilizing process theory. It focuses on understanding how figurational sociology attempt to deal with criticisms through the concept of ‘decivilizing processes’. At the same time, it is demonstrated how this attempt develops a sociological explanation of the conditions leading into the emergence of Holocaust during Nazi Germany. In this way, it is discussed the consistency of Eliasian attempt to answering the question on the irruption of violence in the middle of the civilized world, its criticisms and its impacts on contemporary figurational sociology design. / Este trabalho analisa o problema da violência na teoria dos processos civilizadores de Norbert Elias. Particularmente, busca-se demonstrar como a construção da noção de “processos descivilizadores” tenta lidar com as críticas recebidas pela sociologia figuracional e, ao mesmo tempo, explicar as condições que tornaram possíveis a emergência do Holocausto durante a II Guerra Mundial na Alemanha nazista. Assim: “como a violência extrema pode irromper no mundo civilizado?” se constitui como pergunta inquietante para o trabalho tardio de Norbert Elias e também a questão norteadora da pesquisa.

Depuis la Renaissance, l'Europe développe une perception globale du monde, en exerçant sur celui-ci un mouvement d'expansion et d'intégration. La venue de voyageurs et explorateurs français au Brésil dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle s'inscrit dans ce mouvement, autour duquel s'est façonné le concept de civilisation. Celui-ci apparaît lié à un rapport spécifique à l'espace et au temps, que les élites brésiliennes reprennent à leur compte, soucieuses de gagner la reconnaissance d'une appartenance au monde civilisé. A ce ‘chemin de la civilisation’ répond celui que prônent les voyageurs français pour la transformation des Indiens et des espaces sauvages brésiliens. Leurs expériences diverses se rejoignent dans la rencontre d'une altérité, perçue à travers le prisme d'un progrès de l'humanité. En décrivant les Indiens, les Français contribuent au recensement de la diversité humaine, tout en cherchant à la réduire. La nécessaire utilité des hommes et des terres pour l'ensemble de l'humanité teinte les écrits des voyageurs, qui les observent pour définir les modalités de leur transformation. L'universalité supposée du modèle de la civilisation fait écho à l'échelle universelle sur laquelle elle a construit sa vision du monde. Retracer le chemin de la civilisation, c'est dessiner en creux la possibilité d'autres conceptions du monde, fondées sur une appréhension différente de la réalité. C'est aussi s'interroger sur les prolongements actuels des valeurs de la civilisation occidentale du XIXe siècle. Si le regard porté aujourd'hui sur les Indiens se différencie de celui des voyageurs du passé, il est pourtant possible d'y déceler la marque d'une même structure héritée / Renaissance Europe saw the beginnings of a wider view of the world. This new, global perspective underlay the European projects of expansion and integration. The arrival of French explorers and travelers in Brazil in the second half of the 19th century was shaped by this movement , that shaped the very concept of civilization. This concept was rooted in a specific report to time and space, and the Brazilian elites, intent on being considered part of the civilized world, bought into it. To this ‘way of civilization’ responded the way advocated by French travelers for the transformation of the Indians and the Brazilian wilderness. Their encounters with the Other, while varied, were always interpreted in the prevailing terms of human progress. Describing the Indians, the French were adding to the understanding of the diversity of human societies, even while they sought at the same time to reduce it. The travelers made observations about the natives and their lands, and they considered how they might be refashioned and made more useful to humanity. The supposed universality of this model of civilization echoes the universal scale on which its vision of the world was based. Taking another look at the ‘way of civilization’ can let space for others conceptions of the world, based on different perceptions of reality. It makes wonder about those values of western civilization of the 19th century and their present outcomes. The look at Indians is not the same today than in the past, but, it's possible to detect in it the trace of a similar inherited structure

This thesis examines the neglected architectural decoration from the late antique Mediterranean city (ca. 300-650 A.D.). It aims to address the omission in scholarly literature of any discussion about the decoration of non-monumental secular buildings, namely porticoes flanking streets, agorai, macella and ornamental plazas, small public baths, shops/workshops and ‘middle class’ houses. The decoration of non-monumental secular buildings has been overlooked at the expense of more lofty buildings and remains thus far one of the least known aspects of the late antique city. Considering that public porticoes and their associated structures (shops and workshops), along with small public baths and ‘middle class’ houses were crucial elements and accounted for the large part of any urban built environment starting from the Hellenistic period, the examination of their architectural decoration in this thesis represents the first attempt to redress this imbalance. Drawing upon an array of archaeological evidence, written sources, and depictions this thesis attempts to reconstruct how public porticoes, small public baths, shops/workshops, and ‘middle class’ houses might have looked on a daily basis. The geographical area entailed in this study presents more challenges than when focusing on a single site or province. Such a cross-regional approach of the topic allows to consider the decoration of public these structures as both as part of the history of individual cities and as part of Mediterranean-wide trends, guiding as such toward a more reliable visualisation of the late antique built environment. The picture conveyed in the Mediterranean cities is inevitably not the same. It is argued that as much as they shared similarities on the decoration of these structures, so did they also vary. The topic of this thesis is broad and definite answers cannot be given, nevertheless, it is hoped that a preliminary synthesis can be offered as a basis for future work.

?rea de Concentra??o: Ci?ncias Humanas. Linha de Pesquisa: Hist?ria, Cultura e Poder. / Submitted by M?rden L?les (marden.inacio@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-07-13T00:18:22Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) taciana_begalli_oliveira_ruellas.pdf: 1811546 bytes, checksum: d01cd8acc79c32d408bf37e14128716c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-07-18T14:54:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) taciana_begalli_oliveira_ruellas.pdf: 1811546 bytes, checksum: d01cd8acc79c32d408bf37e14128716c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-18T14:54:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) taciana_begalli_oliveira_ruellas.pdf: 1811546 bytes, checksum: d01cd8acc79c32d408bf37e14128716c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / RESUMO Este trabalho consiste em compreender as rela??es entre ?ndios e colonizadores em uma situa??o de avan?o para os sert?es de Minas Gerais. Durante o s?culo XIX, a conquista dos Sert?es do Leste de Minas foi pautada em um modelo civilizador por parte da administra??o ind?gena. A implementa??o desse modelo dialogou com o contexto da ?poca em que se visava pesquisar o estado de civiliza??o dos habitantes do sert?o, e que para a consolida??o da ideia de na??o homog?nea era necess?rio que esses povos fossem incorporados ? sociedade considerada civilizada. Nesse sentido, esta disserta??o pretende compreender a din?mica dos grupos ind?genas ao longo do processo de coloniza??o na zona do Mucuri, Jequitinhonha e adjac?ncias. Possui como foco principal uma regi?o que se configura enquanto espa?o de transi??o entre vales dos rios Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, regi?o denominada Alto dos Bois, hoje pertencente ao munic?pio de Angel?ndia, no Alto Jequitinhonha. Esta se caracterizou como aldeia e quartel militar ao longo do s?culo XIX, onde a fam?lia de Ant?nio Gomes Leal, diretor de ?ndios, aquartelou ind?genas falantes do Maxacali que, em fuga dos Botocudos, procuraram ref?gio na localidade. Almeja-se, assim, analisar de que maneira os ind?genas em Alto dos Bois puderam reconfigurar seus espa?os e pr?ticas socioculturais, reconstruir suas identidades e se inserir ao contexto posto. As fontes trabalhadas, sendo elas: correspond?ncias do primeiro diretor dos ?ndios da prov?ncia, Guido Marli?re, correspond?ncias da Diretoria Geral dos ?ndios, Relat?rios de Presidente de Prov?ncia e os relat?rios da Companhia do Mucuri, revelam a estrutura administrativa do indigenismo da Prov?ncia de Minas Gerais e a forma com que o modelo civilizador deveria ser realizado. Por outro lado, a situa??o ind?gena nos aldeamentos acompanhada, principalmente, atrav?s de relatos dos viajantes estrangeiros ilustrados, Saint-Hilaire, Johann Pohl e Spix e Martius, demonstra como esses povos adaptaram seu universo simb?lico e sociopol?tico ao novo contexto em que se inseriam. As tr?s narrativas, sendo elas a dos viajantes ilustrados, do indigenismo e da Companhia do Mucuri possuem um fio condutor: o da civiliza??o e do progresso. Demonstram, tamb?m, como as popula??es ind?genas deveriam ser vistas neste processo. A pesquisa se desenvolve com preocupa??o em demonstrar a contribui??o ind?gena no processo sociocultural da regi?o, j? que os vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri possuem grande concentra??o de etnias ind?genas. Assim, enfatiza-se o papel dos aldeamentos como espa?o de reconstru??o social, cultural e de identidades, se constituindo, ent?o, como espa?o de resist?ncia. Frente ?s adversidades do avan?o colonizador, Alto dos Bois foi visto como espa?o de sobreviv?ncia e de menores perdas. Resistir era tamb?m se abrir ao novo, assumindo s?mbolos e discursos dos n?o-?ndios quando conveniente. Identidade e cultura passaram a ser vistas, portanto, como constru??es relacionais, se atualizando na rela??o com o Outro, sem a conota??o de perda, mas sim de reelabora??es. Pelo vi?s de compreens?o de povos historicamente exclu?dos, por meio do di?logo entre a Antropologia e Hist?ria ressalta-se a import?ncia dos pap?is desempenhados pelos ?ndios nos processos hist?ricos, dando visibilidade a esses povos. / Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Humanas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2015. / ABSTRACT This work is to understand the relationship between Indians and settlers in a forward position for the backlands of Minas Gerais. During the nineteenth century, the conquest of the East in the Minas Gerais Province was based on a civilizing model by indigenous administration. The implementation of this model spoke with the context of the time in which it was intended to find the state of civilization of the inhabitants of the hinterland, and that for the consolidation of the homogeneous nation idea was necessary that these people were incorporated into the considered civilized society. In this sense, this work aims to understand the dynamics of indigenous groups over the colonization process in the area of Mucuri, Jequitinhonha and vicinity. Has focused primarily on a region that is configured as an area of transition between the river valleys Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, region called Alto dos Bois, today in the Angel?ndia city in Jequitinhonha river valley. This was characterized as village and military barracks throughout the nineteenth century, where Antonio Gomes Leal?s family harbored speakers of indigenous Maxacali that were fleeing Botocudo (other indigenous tribe), and they sought refuge in the town. So, this dissertation seek to analyze how the Indians in Alto dos Bois could reconfigure their spaces and cultural practices to reconstruct their identities and to enter the present context. The sources, which were: correspondence from the first director of the province's Indians, Guido Marli?re, the General Directorate of Indians correspondence, Province of President reports and the Mucuri Company reports reveal the administrative structure of the indigenous movement of the Province of Minas Gerais and the way the civilizing model should be performed. On the other hand, the indigenous situation in the villages observed through reports of the foreign travelers in the nineteen century: Saint-Hilaire, Johann Pohl and Spix and Martius, demonstrates how these people adapted their symbolic and socio-political universe to the new context in which it operated. The three narratives (the foreign travelers, the indigenous, and the Mucuri's Company) have a common thread: the civilization and the progress. It shows how as indigenous peoples should be seen in this process. The research develops with concern to demonstrate the indigenous contribution to the socio-cultural process in the region, since the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri have large concentration of indigenous groups. Thus, we emphasize the role of settlements as social reconstruction space, and cultural identities, constituting then as space of resistance. Faced with the imminent advance of the colonizer, Alto dos Bois was seen as a survival space and lower losses. Resist was also open to the new, assuming symbols and discourses of non-Indians when convenient. Identity and culture came to be seen as relational constructs, an updating in the relationship with the Other, with no loss of meaning, but of reworkings. From the perspective of understanding people historically excluded, through dialogue between Anthropology and History emphasize the importance of the roles played by the Indians in the historical processes, giving visibility to these people.

This thesis considers time and narrative play in dream poems and framed narratives. It begins with a chapter on the history of time perceptions and time-telling, and explores how ideas about time influenced medieval writers. It also surveys some modern views on the history of time-measurement a nd its influences on culture and the collective consciousness. Chapter two, after analysing the treatment of time in the Roman de la Rose, surveys some of the ways in which modern criticism has evaluated and conceived the genre of secular dream literature that developed from the Roman de la Rose. Chapter three examines the innovative use of the convention of beginning a poem with a seasonal opening and theorises that this becomes a `language' open to adaptation and variation. Chapter four looks in detail at Froissart's L`Orloge amoureus and discusses the clock as a new object which, contrary to the views of cultural historians, was embraced by medieval writers, religious and secular, to symbolise a range of virtues, qualities and ideas. I argue that the clock inspired creativity rather than heralding a rationalisation of the mind that would stifle imaginative responses to this new technology. Chapter five explores metafictional and self-reflexive devices in Froissart's Joli Buisson de Jonece and Chaucer's House of Fame. I consider how these texts play with narrative time and sequence by writing the genesis of the text into the poem. Finally, chapter six examines ideas of closure in medieval dream poetry and looks specifically at the reciprocity and inconclusiveness of the Judgement poems of Guillaume de Machaut. Because the second poem reverses the decision of the first poem, it brings into question the authority of the text and the unity of the authorial voice.

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The roles played by the Southern Scots and Scotch-Irish in the War of American Independence have been generally neglected by American and European historians. If any reference at all is made to persons of Scottish heritage, normally only high-ranking officers or government figures are mentioned. This study identifies men of Scottish origin on every level of life and illuminates their roles in the War. In 1775 and 1776, the Scots and Scotch-Irish in the Southern colonies were not uniform in their political, social, and religious ideologies, nor were they totally of one mind in their posture toward the growing demands for independence in the American colonies. Several factors--community relationships, family ties, economic interests, and religious convictions--influenced each individual in making his decision to support the Royal government or to join the Rebels. When the British invaded the South in 1780, the Rebels and the Loyalists rekindled the internecine war which had begun in 1775. The British victory at Charles Town encouraged the Loyalists to repay the Rebels for real and imagined injuries and insults. As a result, civil strife became widespread throughout the Carolines and Georgia. Although the populace was upset over the internal struggle, it was the introduction of terror tactics by British and Loyalist officers that caused the greatest alarm among the Up-Countrymen, who were chiefly Scottish and Scotch-Irish Presbyterians. These acts of unrestrained warfare caused numerous uncommitted Up-Countrymen to join the ranks of the Rebels. Unfortunately for Cornwallis, this mistake in tactics by his subordinates forced him to fight several long and costly campaigns. In order to disperse the Rebels, the British and their allies marched into the strongholds of the South Carolina Scotch-Irish Presbyterians. This development greatly alarmed the North Carolinians. The resulting uprising of the North Carolina Scotch-Irish masses on the one hand and the subsequent military engagements in South Carolina on the other postponed Cornwallis's invasion of North Carolina. Meanwhile, as Cornwallis attempted to regroup his army and to formulate a new strategy to meet the situation, the predominantly Scottish and Scotch-Irish Rebel forces won major victories at Kings Mountain and Cowpens. Once it was apparent that militia units could defeat British regular units, many Southerners, some of whom had remained uncommitted and some of whom renewed their resistance, entered the daily growing ranks of the Rebels. At the same time, the Loyalists became reluctant to further ally themselves with the British army. These unexpected developments doomed to failure Cornwallis's plan to subjugate the Carolinas. Instead, the chain of events begun at Kings Mountain and Cowpens ended with Cornwallis's surrender at Yorktown. This study, based primarily on the Whigs' personal accounts of military involvement recorded in the Federal pension claims, in memoirs and recollections of the soldiers on both sides, and in the audited accounts of the Loyalists, demonstrates that from the very beginning of the Revolution to its end Scots and Scotch-Irishmen on all levels played major and decisive roles in the outcome of the Southern campaigns in the War of American Independence.