Society's attitude towards people with disabilities has changed over time. People with disabilities are a group that historically has been marginalized by society and treated differently. Many have been exposed to various assaults from society such as forced lock-ins, prohibition of marriage and sterilization. People with disabilities are a group of people who have historically been treated very badly in Swedish care, prior to the launch of the Swedish modern disability policy. Towards the end of the 1980s, an investigation was carried out into the treatment of disabled people in Sweden. This resulted in the Convention of the rights of people with disabilities reform of 1994, known as the LSS. The result was to create a fair and equal society for everyone. The LSS reform requires people with disabilities to have good living conditions, equality in living conditions, full participation in community life, an opportunity to live as other members of society, adaptation to individual needs, ease of access, opportunities for independence, good quality of life, respect for the individual's right to make their own decision and maintain their individual integrity and voluntariness.In LSS, the group housing associations meet users and staff and the idea is that the efforts made by the staff should compensate for the obstacles and difficulties that a disability may cause. Researchers describe the relationship between residents and staff as crucial for the success of the LSS goals. With correct implementation they help ensure good living conditions and high quality of life for the residents.In order to find out the reasoning and the principles about the approach to patients within the LSS-agency, the qualitative method was chosen as a course of action. The empirical material was based on semi-structured interviews with six employees within LSS-group homes. As the purpose was to examine the stories of employees regarding the work with the personal treatment of clients, the essay is built upon theories of empathy and communication.

The thesis employs modern analysing and simulating methods. The thesis specifically deals with the practical use of fuzzy logic for selecting clients. The aim is to create a suitable system for listing submitted applications in a chronological order within a contributory company.

Diplomová práca rieši návrh vhodnej komunikačnej stratégie pre novú pobočku už existujúcej realitnej kancelárie. Poznatky z odbornej literatúry, ktorými sa zaoberá teoretická časť práce predstavujú nevyhnutný základ pre výber vhodných metód analýz vypracovaných v analytickej časti. Na základe výsledkov z týchto analýz je posledná časť práce venovaná návrhom konkrétnych riešení, vedúcim k dosiahnutiu stanovených cieľov.

This study is a two part study of the experiences of women participating in conjoint treatment for domestic violence. The participants in the first part of the study included 11 clients, from whom information was gathered in 25 interviews. The second part of the study focused on three women. Their opinions were garnered in five interviews. Five of the women were in multi-couple group therapy and nine participated in from four to twelve sessions of conjoint couple therapy with their partners. This study focused on how female partners of male batterers experienced strength-based focused couples therapy as part of a research and development project for couples treatment of domestic violence. The concepts of safety, responsibility for the violence, power and control, validation and empowerment guided the researcher. The women related that having two therapists and pre- and post-session check-ins contributed to their sense of safety. Although the women reported that their mate taking responsibility for the violence was important, they thought the therapy's focus on their strengths kept their mates committed to attending therapy sessions. Women, who reported that their mates were taking more responsibility for their actions, attributed the change to their therapists being persistent in discussing the various forms of abusive behavior and in stressing accountability for individual behavior. Most of the women indicated that talking about what they had experienced and that gaining support from therapists and group members increased their power and ability to focus on their own needs. Women in the study stressed the importance of having some form of follow-up support to be able to practicing new skills with their partners. Based on the recommendations of the women in this study, the treatment of domestic violence should provide women safe outlets for expressing their feelings, acknowledgment of their experience and tools for resolving the conflicts in their relationship. / Master of Science

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / This study investigated choices made by fundraisers when crafting appeals to unknown potential donors. Specifically, it asked if and how fundraisers’ choices vary depending on whether they were raising money for a population that faced societal stigma. Research on fundraising often focuses on donor behavior, without considering the type of the beneficiary and the discretionary decisions made by fundraisers. This study drew on literature about stigma and literature about fundraising communication. It employed mixed methodologies to explore this research question. The first part of the study used an online experimental survey, in which 76 practicing fundraisers wrote an acquisition appeal letter for a nonprofit after random assignment to benefit either clients with mental illness (stigmatized population) or older adults (non-stigmatized population), then answered attitudinal questions about the beneficiary population. Participants believed individuals with mental illness were more stigmatized than older adults. Analysis of the letters using linguistic software showed that fundraisers used more humanizing language when writing about the non-stigmatized population, compared to the stigmatized population. Several aspects of the appeal letters, identified through existing theory, were examined but did not vary at statistically significant levels between the groups. Exploratory factor analysis showed several patterns of elements recurring within the letters. One of these patterns, addressing social expectations, varied significantly by client group. In the second part of the study, semi-structured interviews with fifteen participants showed that writing for the stigmatized client population raised special concerns in communicating with potential donors: many interviewees described identifying client stories and evidence to justify helping stigmatized clients in a way that wasn’t thought as necessary for non-stigmatized clients. They also attempted to mitigate threatening stereotypes to maintain readers’ comfort levels. Fundraisers regularly evaluated how readers were likely to think of different kinds of clients. Fundraisers’ own implicit assumptions also came into play.

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