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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Redação no vestibular: a língua cindida / Essay writing in College Entrance exams: the schismatized language

Márcia Martins Castaldo 24 March 2009 (has links)
Ao término da Educação Básica, espera-se que um indivíduo esteja habilitado a redigir adequadamente em qualquer situação, que saiba interagir com a palavra para a produção escrita nos diversos gêneros textuais em circulação. Embora tais expectativas se realizem em alguns casos, em geral, a realidade vivenciada é diversa: mesmo após completarem os ensinos Fundamental e Médio, muitos sujeitos elaboram textos repletos de desvios, marcas que expõem as muitas dificuldades com a produção escrita, as quais revelam uma língua cindida entre um saber-dizer e um dever-dizer. Questionamentos sobre o que leva a essa cisão motivaram esta pesquisa. Considerando-se a perspectiva sócio-histórica, os conceitos bakhtinianos de gênero, dialogismo e polifonia, bem como preceitos da Lingüísitca Textual, o trabalho consistiu na análise de elementos composicionais da redação dissertativa de vestibular, gênero que desafia estudantes interessados em ingressar no Ensino Superior. Mais especificamente, foram analisados: (a) a norma lingüística, (b) os índices de pessoalidade e (c) a macroarticulação em uma amostra de 374 redações (1% do total) produzidas por candidatos inscritos no Vestibular-2007 promovido pela FUVEST (Fundação Universitária para o Vestibular) São Paulo, Brasil. Foram analisadas, também, algumas relações entre o perfil sócio-histórico dos candidatos e os perfis de escrita verificados nos textos. Depreendeu-se, das observações realizadas, que a excessiva preocupação com o outro, com o molde e com a demonstração do saber-fazer interfere no movimento de exteriorização do discurso: em vez de tentar levar ao texto seu universo e sua idéia, o estudante se propõe à tarefa de levar, para o papel, mundo e idéias presumidos do interlocutor e da interlocução, vivencia um confronto - e não uma negociação - entre um saber-dizer que se esvaece diante de um dever-dizer e cinde a língua. As observações realizadas revelaram, ainda uma escolarização que, no âmbito de sua atuação, parece não promover satisfatoriamente condições para o desenvolvimento de estratégias para o diálogo entre os saberes, parece não promover satisfatoriamente a possibilidade de escrever com autonomia. / After concluding high school, students are expected to be able to write proficiently in any situation. They are supposed to interact with words in order to produce texts in the diverse genres currently circulating. Although some of these expectations are sometimes met, in general, the reality is different. Even after having fulfilled the academic requirements of high school, many students produce texts with several deviations, which signal difficulties with writing. This also reveals a schism between knowing-how-to-say-it and should-say. Questioning the reasons for this schism was the starting point for research. Based on sociohistorical patterns, bakhtinian concepts for genres of discourse, dialogism, and polyphony, as well as the Textual Linguistics precepts, this work consisted in analyzing the elements found in the Writing Essays from students participating in Standardized College Entrance Exams for the public universities in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. This is a genre of text which challenges students who want to enter into a college career. Specifically, the topics analyzed were: (a) proficiency in standard Portuguese , (b) personal input and (c) macroarticulation in a sample of 374 essays (1% of the total) from the entrance exam that was ministered through FUVEST (Foundation for College Entrance Exams), São Paulo, Brazil, from the year 2007. The analysis included also the relationship between the candidates socio-historic profile and the writing patterns found in their work. Through this analysis I could detect an exaggerated concern with the other one, with following a model, and with a concern in demonstrating the knowing-how-to-say-it. These concerns interfere with the movement of the discourse exteriorization: instead of putting in the text their own world view and their own ideas, students try to present a perspective that agrees with a presumed readers world view and ideas foreign to themselves: a confrontation and not an exchange between the knowhow- to-say-it and the should-say that schisms the language. My observations revealed also a schooling process that does not seem to promote satisfactory conditions to develop strategies that foster the dialogue among the diverse facets of knowledge, and does not promote the individuals self-reliance in their own writing.
32

Processos referenciais anafóricos em redações de vestibular: uma estratégia textual-discursiva

Bachur, Silvia Augusta de Barros Albert 01 March 2016 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:34:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silvia Augusta de Barros Albert Bachur.pdf: 1334506 bytes, checksum: b6aa31f6545bda3c38cf3b76f8f03d41 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Situated in the research line of Reading, Writing and Portuguese Language Teaching of the Postgraduate Studies Program in Portuguese Language of The Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP), this thesis takes as subject matter the anaphoric referential processes in college entrance essays. The hypothesis is that, by building argumentatively-oriented discourse objects, anaphoric referential processes enable to comply with college entrance essay proposals. The general goal is to investigate the relation between anaphoric referential processes and the exposure of the producer‟s position regarding a proposed theme. In order to achieve it, the following specific aims were established: (1) identifying both the discourse objects and their recategorization in college entrance essays; (2) identifying, describing, analyzing, and interpreting the anaphoric processes in college entrances essays; and (3) pondering upon the relation between such processes and the exposure of the producer‟s position vis-à-vis a proposed theme. This work is grounded both on Text Linguistics in its socio-cognitive and interactional perspective (KOCH, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2011; MARCUSCHI, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008; CAVALCANTE et al., 2010; BENTES E REZENDE, 2008, 2014; CAVALCANTE, 2011; CAVALCANTE, CUSTÓDIO FILHO E BRITO, 2104; MORATO, 2011), and on studies on context (HANKS, 2008; VAN DJIK, 2012). The examined corpus consists of 70 college entrance essays collected from the 2014 entrance exam of PUC-SP. As to the analysis, two categories were first established: (1) direct and indirect anaphora (regarding the anchoring processes), and (2) encapsulating anaphora (regarding their discursive functions). The research celebrates both the submitted hypothesis and the stated objectives, indicating new perspectives for the teaching and learning of writing and reading in view of the development of writing proficiency, chiefly regarding textual-discursive strategies / Esta tese situa-se na linha de pesquisa Leitura, Escrita e Ensino de Língua Portuguesa, do Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Língua Portuguesa da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP), e tem como tema os processos referenciais anafóricos em redações de vestibular. Admitimos a hipótese de que, construindo objetos de discurso argumentativamente orientados, os processos referenciais anafóricos viabilizam o atendimento a uma proposta de redação de vestibular. Temos como objetivo geral investigar a relação entre os processos referenciais anafóricos e a exposição do posicionamento do produtor frente a um tema proposto. Para alcançar esse objetivo, estabelecemos os seguintes objetivos específicos: identificar os objetos de discurso e suas recategorizações em redações de vestibular; identificar, descrever, analisar e interpretar os processos anafóricos nas redações e refletir sobre a relação entre esses processos referenciais e a exposição do posicionamento do produtor frente ao tema proposto. De modo a desenvolver este estudo, selecionamos como aporte teórico tanto a Linguística Textual em sua perspectiva sociocognitiva e interacional (KOCH, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2011; MARCUSCHI, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008; CAVALCANTE ET AL., 2010; BENTES E REZENDE, 2008, 2014; CAVALCANTE, 2011; CAVALCANTE, CUSTÓDIO FILHO E BRITO, 2104; MORATO, 2011), como os estudos referentes à noção de contexto (HANKS, 2008; VAN DJIK, 2012). O corpus examinado é composto por 70 redações do vestibular de 2014 da PUC-SP e a análise considerou as seguintes categorias: anáforas diretas e indiretas relativas aos processos de ancoragem e anáforas encapsuladoras e suas funções. A pesquisa realizada, além de comprovar a hipótese e satisfazer os objetivos, também indica novas perspectivas para o ensino e a aprendizagem da escrita com vistas ao desenvolvimento da proficiência escritora, sobretudo no que diz respeito a estratégias textual-discursivas
33

A redação de vestibular sob uma perspectiva multidimensional: uma abordagem da linguística de corpus

Barreto, Juliana Pereira Souto 30 June 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Jailda Nascimento (jmnascimento@pucsp.br) on 2016-10-03T15:02:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Pereira Souto Barreto.pdf: 3340189 bytes, checksum: 30f53e6df08e1c7c68807c3dacf8ad70 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-03T15:02:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Pereira Souto Barreto.pdf: 3340189 bytes, checksum: 30f53e6df08e1c7c68807c3dacf8ad70 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The research reported here intends to analyze the production and the evaluation of the written text in the college entrance essays produced by undergraduate applicants. More specifically, this study verifies how the composition tests, written by the applicants during the admission process to the Rio Grande do Norte Federal University (UFRN), are related to the varying dimensions of Brazilian Portuguese, presented in Berber Sardinha, Kauffmann and Acunzo (2014). The research uses the theoretical framework of Corpus Linguistics and the methodological approach of Multidimensional Analysis. The study corpus is composed of one hundred essays written by applicants for admission to higher education undergraduate courses, tagged by Palavras parser and post-processed with a script, which calculates the score of each text into all of the six variation dimensions of Brazilian Portuguese. At first, it is checked how the applicants’ texts are related to the six Brazilian Portuguese varying dimensions. Then, it is observed the variation in relation to the grades award to these essays by examiners in order to determine whether and which correction criteria were met, based on the scores of the Brazilian Portuguese multidimensional analysis. Hence, the outcomes here are likely to provide important contributions to the field of textual production in Portuguese in Brazil, considering that it is vital to develop a more accurate understanding of the language in use applied to the teaching and learning of argumentative text production, written by applicants during their admission to undergraduate courses in Higher Education / A pesquisa aqui relatada tem por objetivo analisar a qualidade do texto escrito nas redações de vestibular produzidas por candidatos à graduação. Mais especificamente, esse estudo verifica o modo como as redações de candidatos ao Ensino Superior da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) elacionam-se às dimensões de variação do português brasileiro, apresentadas em Berber Sardinha, Kauffmann e Acunzo (2014a; 2014b; no prelo). Para isso, a pesquisa recorre ao arcabouço teórico da Linguística de Corpus e à abordagem metodológica da Análise Multidimensional (Biber, 1988). O corpus de estudo, composto por cem redações escritas por candidatos ao ingresso em cursos de graduação do Ensino Superior, foi analisado com o etiquetador Palavras e pós-processado com um script que calcula o escore de cada texto em cada uma das seis dimensões de variação do português brasileiro. Em um primeiro momento, é verificado o modo como as redações dos candidatos relacionam-se às seis dimensões de variação do português brasileiro. Em seguida, a variação é observada em relação às notas dadas às redações por examinadores, a fim de determinar se e quais os critérios de avalição, estipulados para a correção das redações de vestibular, foram atendidos, com base nos escores da análise multidimensional do português brasileiro. Por fim, acredita-se que os resultados aqui encontrados possam vir a proporcionar contribuições relevantes ao campo da produção textual em língua portuguesa no Brasil, uma vez que se faz necessário uma compreensão mais apurada da língua em uso aplicada ao ensino e ao aprendizado da produção de textos argumentativos por candidatos a ingresso em cursos de graduação do Ensino Superior
34

Literatura e vestibular: a leitura literária pelo método recepcional na 3ª Série do Ensino Médio. / Literature and vestibular: the literary reading by the receptional method in the 3 rd High School Series.

NUNES, Marta Lúcia. 10 September 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-09-10T16:07:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MARTA LÚCIA NUNES - DISSERTAÇÃO POSLE 2007..pdf: 6658848 bytes, checksum: ba4aceaaacc007ac7e40aa1e1d647735 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-10T16:07:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARTA LÚCIA NUNES - DISSERTAÇÃO POSLE 2007..pdf: 6658848 bytes, checksum: ba4aceaaacc007ac7e40aa1e1d647735 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-01 / Este estudo sobre o ensino de literatura no nível médio de escolaridade possibilitou verificar que os alunos apresentam dificuldades na aprendizagem da literatura devido a um distanciamento entre as formas de abordagem do texto literário em sala de aula e o que se espera deles, enquanto candidatos a uma vaga na universidade através da avaliação que é feita pelos exames vestibulares. Assim, julgou-se viável e pertinente a utilização de um método de ensino de literatura que privilegiasse o estudo e a análise de textos literários considerando o papel do leitor e o contexto social de produção e uso da literatura, ou seja, o método recepcional, buscando atender às expectativas dos alunos da 3ª série do ensino médio que pretendem concorrer a uma vaga na universidade. Além de analisar algumas questões das provas de literatura dos exames vestibulares das três universidades públicas da Paraíba, este trabalho inclui também uma descrição das atividades referentes ao romance São Bernardo de Graciliano Ramos que constam em cinco manuais de literatura do ensino médio e uma proposta de leitura do referido romance numa perspectiva de leitura comparada com o romance inglês O Morro dos Ventos Uivantes de Emily Brontë. / This study on the literature teaching in the medium level of education made possible to verify that the students present difficulties in the learning of the literature due to an estrangement among the forms of approach of the literary text in classroom and what it is waited of them, while candidates to a vacancy in the university through the evaluation that is done by the selective examinations. Like this, it was considerated viable and pertinent the utilization of a method of literature teaching that privileged the study and the analysis of literary texts considering the reader's role and the social context of production and use of the literature, in other words, the method recepcional, looking for to assist to the students' of the 3rd series of the medium teaching expectations who intend to compete a vacancy in the university. Besides analyzing some questions of the proofs of literature of the selective examinations of the three public universities of Paraíba, this work also includes a description of the activities reffering to Graciliano Ramos’ novel São Bernardo that consist in five manuals of literature of the medium teaching and a proposal of reading of the referred novel in a perspective of compared reading with the English novel Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights.
35

Entrelaçando on-line e off-line = práticas de escrita e reescrita em comunidades da rede social Orkut / Interlacing on-line and off-line : a study of the writing, rewriting and their practices on the communities of network Orkut

Miranda, Flávia Danielle Sordi Silva, 1987- 19 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Raquel Salek Fiad / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T23:26:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Miranda_FlaviaDanielleSordiSilva_M.pdf: 5344515 bytes, checksum: 9dda85b18f8d163ec459455c553b46dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Neste trabalho, analiso enunciados publicados em fóruns on-line de quatro comunidades virtuais da rede social Orkut, a fim de investigar práticas letradas no meio digital e suas relações com/para contextos off-line, em especial, formados pelas instituições escolares. Para tanto, faço uso de metodologia qualitativa, de cunho etnográfico em que os registros foram gerados em navegações na Internet e abarcam o período de janeiro a dezembro de 2010, compondo um total de 499 enunciados selecionados. Com base nas concepções enunciativas sócio-históricas, de dialogismo e sobre os gêneros discursivos de Bakhtin, assumo que todo enunciado é elo de uma cadeia complexa formada por outros enunciados com os quais dialoga em uma atitude responsiva. Logo, não adoto posição taxativa que considere on-line e off-line como "mundos" separados e incomunicáveis. Pelo contrário, acredito em sua interconexão e continuidade, sendo essencial conjugar, portanto, alguns pressupostos ligados ao(s) letramento(s) e aos gêneros digitais, visto que o corpus foi formado por meio da web. Na busca por compreender os processos de produção escrita que se davam nos fóruns examinados, percebi que a publicação, correção e composição de textos no ambiente Orkut eram feitas como forma de treinamento para exames vestibulares, bem como concursos e tarefas escolares em sua maioria. Dessa forma, constatei que os gêneros produzidos em supremacia pelos internautas eram os mesmos praticados no Ensino Médio e que os principais critérios com que os textos eram analisados também eram similares aos empregados por professores, destacando-se a reescrita como estratégia fundamental. Por um lado, a retomada de práticas do letramento escolar no meio digital pôde evidenciar tanto o embricamento entre on-line e off-line, quanto lacunas no currículo escolar e a necessidade de repensar suas práticas mediante os multiletramentos colocados em foco, sobretudo, pelas novas tecnologias digitais. Por outro lado, pude identificar como as práticas de escrita na rede são favoráveis ao ensino-aprendizagem da escrita em função do maior número de pares que os orkuteiros têm, bem como devido ao fato de que, ao escreverem no computador, podem visualizar suas atividades, elaborando reflexões e percepções mais claras sobre o processo de escrever em uma meta-análise de suas produções escritas. Além disso, verifiquei como ideias sobre atividades de escrita carregadas pelos orkuteiros entrelaçavam-se a concepções de sujeitos que circulam ou já circularam na sociedade, revelando o dialogismo como (rica) propriedade da linguagem / Abstract: This research aims at examining published statements in on-line forums in four on-line Orkut's communities in which topics permeate the writing or rewriting of texts, in order to observe the peculiarities of literacy practices that circulate in the digital, as well as analyzing their connections with off-line and schools. It is a kind of qualitative research situated in the field of Applied Linguistics studies and ethnography. The registers were generated from a corpus formed by access of the Internet during the year of 2010. According to socio-historic Bakhtin's notion of dialogism and discursive genre, I believe that all statements are links in a complex discursive chain formed to other statements with which they dialog in a responsive way. This research doesn't take on-line and off-line like separated worlds, otherwise I believe that there is interconnection and continuity between them. This work is also based on studies on the literacy and digital literacy considering that the corpus was constructed in the web. In the study I realize that the textual production on Orkut was a kind of train for student's tests in examinations in general. The analysis of the orkuteiro's texts pointed out that the majority produced genres were the same that ones produced in High School as well as the way to make the corrections was similar to the teacher's action, in this way rewriting the text is the principal strategy. On this side, resume scholar practices on digital media shows the relation between on-line and off-line, as well as gaps in the scholar curriculum. It's time of thinking about scholar practices in relation with the multiliteracies on focus, especially, for the new digital technologies. On the other hand, I could identify how practices of writing on the network are good for the teachinglearning of writing in the light of the highest number of peer the people who use Orkut have. When they write in a computer they can display their activities drawing up reflections and perceptions about the writining process in a meta-analysis of their writing productions. Moreover this work examined the concepts of writing and language expressed by the members in the social network and in the society, indicating the dialogism like (rich) feature of language / Mestrado / Lingua Materna / Mestre em Linguística Aplicada
36

Factors Influencing College Readiness: Supports and Barriers Experienced by Academically Resilient First-Generation Hispanic Males

Peterman, Amy C. 01 January 2016 (has links)
This qualitative multiple-case study explored the supports and barriers experienced by nine first-generation Hispanic male high school students who met the college entrance requirements for the University of California and California State University systems. Research indicates that Hispanic males lag behind other underrepresented populations when it comes to college readiness, application, and enrollment rates. Given that parent education level is a strong predictor of degree attainment and that Hispanics have some of the lowest parent education levels, it is essential to examine how first-generation college-bound Hispanic males experience supports that help mitigate the barriers they face when pursuing college enrollment. Particularly in California, where the Hispanic population continues to rise exponentially, it is important for educational practitioners to develop a better understanding of how to support first-generation Hispanic students. This study aims to contribute to the research on improving college access for underrepresented populations using resiliency theory as the lens through which to examine this issue. Rather than look through a deficit-oriented lens, resiliency theory focuses on the protective factors or supports that help mitigate risk factors or barriers. Using data collected through interviews and document analysis, the findings here showed the significant role of supports such as academic capital and college knowledge, a systematic focus on college readiness, college readiness and bridge programs, and a strong counseling program for these students. In addition, it was evident that the students’ familial connections to college had a significant impact on the level of academic capital of each of them, reinforcing the need to look beyond the label of “first-generation”.
37

Avaliação comparativa do desempenho de alunos admitidos na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - FOUFU - via Vestibular e via PAIES, no período de 2000/1 a 2003/2

Reis, Simone Maria de ávila Silva 07 February 2006 (has links)
The research approached the selective process used by the Brazilian Colleges in the admission of candidates to the higher education. The raising demand for vacancies in the public universities contributed to the exceeding competition in the college entrance exams, what rebounded in the way of high school conduction, that has acquired propaedeutic characteristics. The negative reflection about the objectives of this level of the teaching trigged off searches for the alternatives selective process, that could rescue and encourage the realization of the purposes originally offered to the high school. New proposals acquired impulse with the promulgation of the Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDB) nº 9394, in 12/20/1996, that extinguished the traditional college entrance exams exclusiveness as the selection s way. The Universidade Federal de Uberlândia implanted the Alternative Process to College Entrance PAIES, a process of evaluation in series, with exams aplicated in the end of the three series of high school. The candidates that reach the best general results in the three evaluations, since 1997, are selected to occupy 25% of the offered vacancies, yearly, by the higher courses of UFU; entering always in the first semester. While the traditional college entrance exams selects for the others 75% of the offered vacancies; that enter in both semesters. The aim of this work was to know the factor of predictive validate of these two selective processes, through the comparison of the academic performance of the student s groups of the Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (FOUFU) admitted by traditional college entrance exams and by Alternative Process to College Entrance (PAIES). The subjects of the research were the students of the 51º to 56º groups of the Odontology Course, examined in pre established periods of the course, by analysis of the official registers of notes and subjective evaluation of the students and the teachers, by the application of the questionnaire. The data, collected between 2002/2 and 2003/2, were treated statistically and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results allowed to conclude that the admitted students by Alternative Process to College Entrance (PAIES) presented best academic performance and best competence of learning during the graduation, and suggested that this selective process present level of factor of predictive validate higher then the traditional college entrance exams. / A pesquisa abordou os processos seletivos utilizados pelas Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) brasileiras na admissão de candidatos aos cursos de graduação. A crescente demanda por vagas nas Universidades Públicas contribuiu para a excessiva concorrência nos exames vestibulares, o que repercutiu na forma de condução do Ensino Médio, que assumiu funções meramente propedêuticas. Os reflexos negativos sobre os objetivos deste nível de ensino desencadearam buscas por processos seletivos alternativos, que pudessem resgatar e fomentar a concretização das metas originalmente propostas para o Ensino Secundário. Com a promulgação da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional nº 9394, em 20/12/1996, que extinguiu a exclusividade do vestibular como meio de seleção para o ingresso no Ensino Superior, novas propostas de processos seletivos têm sido implantadas e utilizadas pelas Instituições de Ensino. A Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) implantou o Programa Alternativo de Ingresso ao Ensino Superior (PAIES), processo de avaliação seriada com provas aplicadas ao final das três séries do Ensino Médio. Os candidatos que alcançam os melhores resultados gerais nas três avaliações, desde 1997, são selecionados para ocupar 25% das vagas oferecidas, anualmente, pelos cursos superiores da UFU, ingressando sempre no primeiro semestre. Por sua vez, o Processo Seletivo Semestral (VESTIBULAR) seleciona os candidatos para os demais 75% das vagas, que ingressam em ambos os semestres. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o Fator de Validade Preditiva1 desses dois processos seletivos, mediante a avaliação comparativa do desempenho acadêmico dos grupos de alunos da Faculdade de Odontologia da UFU admitidos via VESTIBULAR e via PAIES. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram os alunos das 51ª à 56ª turmas, investigados em períodos pré-estabelecidos do curso, mediante análise dos registros oficiais de notas e avaliações subjetivas docente e discente, via questionários. Os dados, coletados entre 2002/2 e 2003/2, foram analisados de forma qualitativa e quantitativa, e tratados estatisticamente. Os resultados permitiram concluir que os alunos ingressos via PAIES apresentaram melhor performance e maior competência de aprendizagem durante a graduação, e demonstraram que o Fator de Validade Preditiva do PAIES é superior ao do VESTIBULAR. / Mestre em Odontologia
38

臺灣升大學重考生的自我評價與情緒困擾 / The self-evaluation and emotional disturbance of college entrance examination retakers in Taiwan

林正山, Lin, Jeng-Shan Unknown Date (has links)
本研究的主要目的在試圖提出一個架構,說明臺灣升大學重考生的情緒困擾問題,並描述出在此問題上,社會教化內容可能扮演的角色。經由文獻探討自我信念與情緒困擾間的關連,以及社會文化對個人情緒困擾的可能影響方式,研究者提出了「情緒困擾之整合性概念架構」作為說明重考生情緒困擾問題的起點,此架構主張:覺察自我落差導致了人們的情緒痛苦,而社會價值觀念不但形塑了人們的外在評價壓力,社會教化的內容也會經由影響個人的自我信念(含導引自我標準、預期自我信念及實際自我信念),對人們的情緒與行為產生重要的影響。 本研究的主要研究對象為:台北市某著名升大學補習班的197位重考生,其中121位為高中升大學重考生,其餘76位為高職升大學重考生。研究的工具除了Rosenberg自尊量表(RSE)、貝氏憂鬱量表(BDI)以及症狀檢核表焦慮分量表(SCL-A)外,還包括自行編製的「自我期許問卷」(可得到受測者所填寫的導引自我標準,以及他在這些標準上自評的各項自我落差量及落差覺察頻率),以及課業自我落差評量。 實徵研究的方法和結果可分為幾個部分,分別說明臺灣升大學重考生情緒困擾問題的不同面向: (一) 在情緒困擾相關評量上,對重考生及其他同齡學生(高三學生和大一學生)的狀況進行調查與比較,以巨觀描繪出臺灣升大學重考生的情緒困擾問題。研究結果發現:重考生較其他同齡學生具有更高的憂鬱和焦慮,而在自我落差評量方面,他們具有較高的自我落差覺察頻率,以及較大的課業自我落差量。 (二) 以大學生及重考生樣本,實徵檢驗自我落差量及其覺察頻率是否能有效預測人們的情緒困擾狀況,以瞭解本研究所提出來的概念架構是否可以用來說明臺灣學生的情緒困擾問題。研究結果顯示:學生的自尊、憂鬱以及焦慮都可以由一些自我落差評量有效解釋,然而由於重考生所具有的一些特質,使得自我落差評量對於重考生組內差異的解釋力多數比它們在大一樣本中為。 (三) 對高中升大學重考生的導引自我標準進行內容分析,以檢視社會教化內容與個人導引自我標準間的關連。由內容分析的結果可以發現:重考生的導引自我標準受到社會教化內容很大的影響(特別是升學觀念的社會教化),因此重考生的導引自我標準並不是散亂地分佈,絕大多數的項目可群集為二十一個類目,至於其餘的項目則是少見且較不具重要性的。 (四) 依據前述內容分析的結果,分析升學在臺灣社會中可能具有的社會心理意涵,並探索性地描繪重考生的心理處境。由內容分析發現:重考生的導引 自我標準包含很多與升學有關的價值觀(至少佔 46 %),由於這些價值觀在重考生群體中的普遍性與重要性,本研究將它們統合成一個整體結構,推論出升學在臺灣社會中可能具有的六種社會心理意涵:(1)「受高等教育,以取得謀職、營生的優勢」;(2)「具有豐富的學識,前途看好」;(3)「享受自 由學風,拓展自我潛能」;(4)「表現出眾,讓人看得起」;(5)「善盡本分,能榮顯父母師長」;(6)「戰勝自己,達成對自己的期許」。 在上述的整體結構中,由於「順利升學,取得文憑」居於最為核心的地位,因此重考生對於自我的評價普遍會受到他們對自己升學表現的預期很大的影響。「升學在臺灣社會中可能具有的社會心理意涵」與「個別重考生的心理處境」兩者之間的關係,彷彿就是「完整的圖像」與「殘缺的圖像複製品」兩者之間的關係,儘管複製不可能完美,使得後者在顏色上可能會比原圖較像 濃或是較淡,在色調上可能會比原圖像較為明朗或是更為陰鬱,然而,它們之間的共同點是,後者都可以在前者上面找到它相對應的部分(但僅為圖像的局部),使得個別重考生的心理處境與集體的社會升學觀念間,即使存在著許多表象的差異,但它們之間至少仍保有一種「理解的可滲透性」。 最後,本研究除了根據研究所得的結果,說明研究結果的意義並提出一些後續研究建議外,也討論了臺灣的升學主義解構運動,主張欲有效解決升學主義下臺灣的教育問題,需經歷一種「進步的問題轉換」,方能有效突破臺灣在教育改革中所面臨到的瓶頸。
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高職應用外語科學生四技二專統一入學測驗英文專業考科與看圖寫作成績之相關性研究 / A study on correlations between English Professional Subject of the Technological and Vocational Education Joint College Entrance Exam and picture writing performance of students from department of applied foreign languages of vocational high schools

陳素梅, Chen, Su Mei Unknown Date (has links)
在評量學生的寫作能力時,通常採用直接測驗。然而,四技二專統一入學測驗英文專業考科卻採用間接測驗,來評量應用外語科學生的英文寫作能力。本研究旨在檢視專業考科之效力,並研究如何改進現行的考試方式。 為了達成該研究目的,119位應用外語科三年級學生參與本研究。本研究間接測驗試題採用四技二專統一入學測驗英文專業考科,直接測驗試題採用看圖寫作,以檢視專業考科與直接寫作成績之間的相關性。此外本研究使用問卷以調查學生對直接與間接寫作測驗的看法。 結果顯示,專業考科與看圖寫作之間呈現中度相關,表示該專業考科在某種程度上,能顯示出受試者的直接寫作能力。在四個大題中,段落組成及段落語意不連貫句子挑選與看圖寫作呈現中度相關,因此,這兩個大題較能顯示出受試者的直接寫作能力。 然而,問卷調查結果發現,受試者運用篇章結構的知識來完成間接測驗。但是,卻沒有運用相同的概念於直接測驗中。此種現象可能是因為傳統的寫作教學方式著重在文法分析及單字教學。因此,四技二專統一入學測驗的英文專業考科應同時施測直接與間接測驗,以期對英文寫作教學產生正面的回衝效應。 / Direct writing assessment is usually employed to evaluate students’ writing proficiency. However, the Technological and Vocational Education (TVE) Joint College Entrance Exam adopts indirect writing assessment to assess students from Department of Applied Foreign Languages (DAFL) in English Professional Subject (EPS). The purpose of the present paper is to examine the effectiveness of the EPS indirect writing test and how the current practice can be improved. For serving the purpose, a total of 119 third-year DAFL students participated in the study. The researcher uses indirect writing assessment, the EPS indirect writing test, and direct writing assessment, a picture writing task, as the testing instruments to examine the correlation between the two writing measures. Moreover, questionnaires are used to investigate the participants’ perceptions of the two writing tasks. Results indicated that the EPS multiple-choice writing test and the picture writing task exhibited a moderate correlation, suggesting the indirect test could, at least in part, serve as a good indication of the students’ writing competence in direct writing. Results also showed that sentence insertion (SI) and sentence deletion (SD), among the four subtests, moderately correlated with the direct writing task. The two subtests could thus be depended on as a better indication of the participants’ direct writing proficiency. Nevertheless, questionnaire findings displayed that the students applied discourse-level knowledge in the indirect test. Nonetheless, the same concept was not applied to the direct task probably because of the traditional teaching approach to English writing, focusing on grammar analysis and vocabulary teaching. Therefore, the two writing tasks should be combined in the entrance exam to produce positive washback effect on writing instruction.
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Association of College and Career Readiness Indicators on Hispanic College Enrollment and Postsecondary Resiliency

Parker, Patricia 05 1900 (has links)
This investigation was a post-hoc, quantitative analysis of secondary academic performance and participation choices of Hispanic students. Three years of longitudinal student-level data was collected to examine the likelihood of college enrollment based on college and career readiness (CCR) factors. At the time of the study, CCR was defined as qualifying exam scores, credit for at least two advanced/dual enrollment courses, or enrollment in a career and technology education (CTE) coherent sequence of courses. Research participants (N = 803) consisted solely of Hispanic high school graduates from the 2014 cohort. Frequency statistics indicate 45.5% (n = 365) attended an institute of higher education (IHE) within 2 years of high school graduation. Findings reveal Hispanic females were more likely than Hispanic males to meet CCR indicators as well as postsecondary resiliency outcomes. Analysis of chi-square tests of independence suggests a moderately strong association exists between CCR indicators and postsecondary participation among high school graduates. Differences were found in terms of gender and postsecondary enrollment, x^2(6) = 24.538, p < .001. Differences were also found in terms of type of IHE and postsecondary resiliency, x^2(3) = 34.373, p < .001. More Hispanic CCR graduates enrolled at 2-year and 4-year IHE than expected by chance. While non-CCR graduates enrolled in IHE, they were less likely to meet postsecondary resiliency outcomes. CCR graduates who initially enrolled at 2-year IHE were also less likely to persist. Furthermore, the greatest contribution to differences in resiliency existed for Hispanic CCR graduates who enroll at 4-year IHE.

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