La selección y el desarrollo de un material funcional es todo un reto para el progreso de la sociedad actual. En los últimos 30 años se han venido investigando nuevos materiales funcionalizados con miras a adaptarlos en aplicaciones diagnósticas y terapéuticas (nanotecnológicas). Investigaciones recientes en el campo de la nanotecnología han sentado las bases en el desarrollo de sensores electroquímicos y biosensores. La función principal de estos dispositivos es transformar una información química en una señal analítica útil. Dentro de los sensores electroquímicos el tipo de señal, ya sea una intensidad de corriente o un potencial eléctrico, determinará el tipo de sensor. En el caso de los biosensores, un elemento biológico constituye la parte receptora, por lo que una proteína o enzima recibe la información permitiendo así el traspaso de electrones. A lo largo de los años se han desarrollado diferentes metodologías para estudiar la transferencia electrónica distinguiéndose 3 generaciones de biosensores: primera, segunda y tercera. Este trabajo se centra en estudiar dispositivos basados en la tercera generación, es decir, la transferencia de electrones entre el elemento biológico y la superficie del electrodo se produce de forma directa, sin necesidad de mediadores redox. La transferencia electrónica entre una proteína y un electrodo se produce gracias al contacto eléctrico. Para ello, se necesita inmovilizar el elemento biológico a la superficie del electrodo asegurando que la distancia de separación sea mínima y por tanto, la transferencia de carga, máxima. La inmovilización de una proteína es un proceso crítico y crucial para el desarrollo de un biosensor electroquímico. Dado que se confina la proteína en una región limitada en el espacio, se restringe en parte la libertad de movimiento del elemento biológico llevando a la desnaturalización de la proteína, pérdida de estabilidad del dispositivo y mal contacto eléctrico. La encapsulación de proteínas en matrices de sílice se lleva a cabo mediante el método sol-gel, proceso que tiene lugar en condiciones suaves (presión y temperatura ambiente). Éste es un procedimiento muy utilizado en inmovilización de diferentes biomoléculas para el desarrollo de dispositivos biosensores. La proteína redox elegida en esta tesis es el citocromo c (cyt c), hemoproteína sencilla cuyas propiedades físicas y químicas resultan interesantes en el estudio de electroquímica directa en diferentes electrodos. La transferencia electrónica entre proteína y electrodo puede mejorarse introduciendo materiales conductores en el sistema de estudio. El término polímero conductor se viene empleando en las últimas tres décadas para denominar a aquellos materiales sintéticos de naturaleza polimérica que presentan la capacidad de conducir la corriente eléctrica. El polímero conductor poli(3,4-etilendioxitiofeno) (PEDOT) se ha utilizado ampliamente en películas finas por su carácter electrónico, interesantes propiedades ópticas y su fácil síntesis. Comprender el mecanismo de transferencia electrónica entre el PEDOT y la proteína cyt c nos lleva al desarrollo de nuevos materiales modificados en el campo de los biosensores electroquímicos.

In this qualitative study the researcher investigates how school choir competitions in South Africa contribute to creating platforms for social cohesion. The study examines the experiences of conductors and adjudicators in two main South African school choir competitions, namely the ATKV-Applous and ABC Motsepe (previously known as SASCE). This study was inspired by the contribution of the rising choral music platform in post-apartheid South Africa to national regeneration from tensions created by past disparities and how choral music contributes to social cohesion in society. Phenomenology is used to investigate the experiences of conductors and adjudicators and whether participation in choral competitions contributed to advancing social cohesion in a transforming South Africa. Data were collected through semi-structured face-to-face interviews, the review of documents and the analysis of journal notes taken during the study. The Transformative Learning Theory (TLT) was applied as framework to contextualise deliberate reflection involving increased social knowledge and openness among respondents. In this study, choir conductors and adjudicators reflected on their experiences in choir competitions and how cohesion could be achieved through choir competitions. From the study the researcher concluded that competitive platforms such as choir competitions provide an opportunity for role players to test their strength as individuals and as part of a team. The study found that, regardless of many challenges hindering social cohesion, choral music competitions offer an environment for bringing people closer and establishing harmonious collaboration. Learning from others, sharing and reciprocating experiences lead to new partnerships that promote social cohesion. However, the conditions set out in the rules and policy requirements of the competitions could inhibit social cohesion by exclusion and conditions that may hinder interest. Although many studies focus on the value of choral activities and its contribution to social cohesion, this study fills the gap of exploring the role of choir competitions in fostering social cohesion. Recommendations include the need to foster an awareness of the role of school choir activities, which includes the selection of music, in encouraging nation-building. Furthermore, school choir competition policy should include clearer guidelines on social cohesion. It is recommended that training opportunities for conductors and adjudicators should be expanded and implemented to include musical development, but also focus on fostering a sensitivity to the complexity of cultural diversity and the power of choral activities to enhance nation-building and social cohesion in South Africa. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2020. / pt2021 / Humanities Education / PhD / Unrestricted

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第19914号 / 理博第4214号 / 新制||理||1605(附属図書館) / 33000 / 京都大学大学院理学研究科化学専攻 / (主査)教授 北川 宏, 教授 島川 祐一, 教授 有賀 哲也 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DGAM

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第20709号 / 工博第4406号 / 新制||工||1685(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科物質エネルギー化学専攻 / (主査)教授 安部 武志, 教授 陰山 洋, 教授 作花 哲夫 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DGAM

This diploma thesis is based on the analysis of primary and secondary sources, including authentic memories of living witnesses. It focuses on important personalities of the musical life in the border region around the former Sudetenland, specifically on the life and work of selected composers, musicologists, teachers, choir masters , conductors, and active musicians working in the region below the Jestřebí Mountains - the area between Náchod and Trutnov, that is Červený Kostelec, Rtyně v Podkrkonoší, Malé Svatoňovice, Úpice, and Trutnov. These are personalities who contributed not only to the development of regional music, but also to the education of new talents, between the years of 1940 and 1980 of the 20th century (however, the work with its biographical character presents some overlaps to other eras, such as the pre-war era, the times of war, or the post-revolutionary era). In the presented text, individual biographies of selected musically-active individuals are reconstructed, during whose often difficult lives significant historical events (including social repressions) took place. There was often mutual cooperation between the personalities discussed in this work, and they often influenced each other. The profiles of the personalities are arranged alphabetically. KEYWORDS Educator,...

This bibliography is intended as a resource for choral conductors at the beginning of their journey of musical and personal development. While this project cannot possibly cover every aspect of or resource on choral music, it is a beginning. I admit I have spent more time researching my personal weaknesses and have not covered as thoroughly areas in which the choral conducting program at Brigham Young University is exceptionally strong. Even so, I hope this compilation will help address common challenges of beginning choral conductors. The bibliography is divided into sections by topic, with additional sections on Internet sites and a few miscellaneous resources. Under the bibliographic citation for each book or video, I have included additional information to help in finding these materials. First, I indicate if the resource is out of print. Many out of print materials are still available in libraries or from used bookstores online. Therefore, I have included the Library of Congress call number and/or ISBN, if I could find them. Some of the best websites for finding out of print materials are www.addall.com, www.amazon.com, www.bibliofind.com, and www.fetchbook.com. Below this information is the list price for materials in print, or a price or price range as of the date I searched online for an out of print resource. I have included the date of my search (price as of [date]) to assist later readers who may be interested in purchasing these materials. Internet searches six months from the date of my online search will probably result in similar prices, but ten years from now, inflation will likely have elevated that amount. In addition, I have included background information about the author(s) of that resource, if I could find it. These biographical sketches help explain why the material is trustworthy and educate the beginning choral conductor regarding important figures in our field. Finally, annotations discuss the strengths and limitations of each resource. To this, I have added a personal recommendation on the importance or best use of the source, and a list of important topics covered in that item. These topic listings form the basis of the index at the end of the bibliography.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第24176号 / 理博第4867号 / 新制||理||1696(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科化学専攻 / (主査)准教授 倉重 佑輝, 教授 谷村 吉隆, 教授 吉村 一良 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DGAM

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