<p>This study focuses on exploring Swedish journalists’ experiences and thoughts about the working conditions during the Olympic Games in Beijing 2008. It is interesting because of the fact that the Olympic Games where hosted in a country with dictatorial government and this is the foundation of this study. Theories about social construction, propaganda and media events were applied to illuminate and give a broader comprehension of the influence on the journalistic work during an Olympic Game. To explore this problem and get answers to our questions we used qualitative interviews with eight Swedish journalists who were stationed in Beijing. The result of this study is based on these journalists’ experiences of their reality. We found that all the journalists experienced an almost perfect working condition in many ways. Censorship and the lack of freedom of speech were debated a lot before the games in many western media. These subjects did not affect negative on the Swedish journalists work in Beijing but the debate had anyway an unavoidable influence on them. The line between sport journalism and a social journalism was often rubbed out and it seemed hard to avoid what happened outside the Olympic area. The organization of the Beijing Games is described by many journalists as the best of all times. We found that the journalists gave a common experience which says that almost everything in Beijing was controlled and set by the organization. The majority says at the same time that they were totally aware of the ongoing propaganda. The journalists in our study describe a journalistic freedom inside the Olympic area, in the same way as in every Olympic Game. No matter if it is hosted by a democratic or a dictatorial government.</p>

This study focuses on exploring Swedish journalists’ experiences and thoughts about the working conditions during the Olympic Games in Beijing 2008. It is interesting because of the fact that the Olympic Games where hosted in a country with dictatorial government and this is the foundation of this study. Theories about social construction, propaganda and media events were applied to illuminate and give a broader comprehension of the influence on the journalistic work during an Olympic Game. To explore this problem and get answers to our questions we used qualitative interviews with eight Swedish journalists who were stationed in Beijing. The result of this study is based on these journalists’ experiences of their reality. We found that all the journalists experienced an almost perfect working condition in many ways. Censorship and the lack of freedom of speech were debated a lot before the games in many western media. These subjects did not affect negative on the Swedish journalists work in Beijing but the debate had anyway an unavoidable influence on them. The line between sport journalism and a social journalism was often rubbed out and it seemed hard to avoid what happened outside the Olympic area. The organization of the Beijing Games is described by many journalists as the best of all times. We found that the journalists gave a common experience which says that almost everything in Beijing was controlled and set by the organization. The majority says at the same time that they were totally aware of the ongoing propaganda. The journalists in our study describe a journalistic freedom inside the Olympic area, in the same way as in every Olympic Game. No matter if it is hosted by a democratic or a dictatorial government.

The business environment in which media companies exist today is rapidly changing. Many media companies are in the process of positioning themselves to this ongoing change and to finding their place in the new media landscape. A process of change creates an opportunity to optimize work processes on different levels. In order to meet these opportunities, as well as being proactive when it comes to environmental performance, we need to understand the current structures of media companies, for example when it comes to work processes. The aim of this study is to identify and analyze the process structures and the potential climate impact of the content production of three different media companies in Sweden: a local newspaper, a monthly magazine and a local television station. The overall research questions of this thesis are: • What are the major editorial processes at media companies and how can the workflows be visualized, in order for us to discover how the processes can be optimized and how this in turn may affect the environmental impact? • How are the results of the process analysis related to a general assessment of the carbon footprint of the content production, in order for us to identify the major reasons for this potential climate change impact and opportunities for change? The research methods used were semi-structured interviews and carbon footprint assessment. The research results suggest that in general terms, newspapers and magazines spend a considerable amount of working time producing content, and content production is the single most important reason for travelling at the three media companies studied. Travel is also done by management to a high degree in all three case studies, mostly to different kinds of business meetings. Planning is another work activity that takes up a considerable amount of time when looking at the total time spent at work. Computers are to a high degree used when planning, but more advanced computer programmes or tools could be recommended to expand the planning possibilities further, thereby saving time and money for the media company.The results of the life cycle assessments indicate that the major reasons for potential climate change impact are travel – both work-related business travel and trips to and from work – electronic equipment, and electricity use. The research results suggest that in order to reduce potential environmental impact from travel, media management should look into technical solutions for meetings at a distance, car-pooling or increasing the use of public transportation. Furthermore, new technical solutions have a potential to lower the costs of the content production processes and streamline work processes in general. With a conscious effort by management, new technology could also be beneficial for the overall environmental impact of the media company. The media companies could for example consider the environmental performance to a higher degree when buying new electronic devices, such as computers. Finally, the media companies could look over their electricity use and make an attempt to reduce their electricity use, as well as making active choices for environmentally friendly alternatives when choosing electricity supplier. / <p>QC 20121128</p>

Broadband telecommunications infrastructure is considered to be an economic development necessity by a significant number of policymakers and economic development professionals, particularly in rural areas. Across the United States, a considerable amount of money is being invested in the deployment of broadband networks based, at least in part, on the premise that economic development benefits will obtain. However, there is a general lack of academic theory explaining the mechanism(s) by which broadband telecommunications can produce economic development results. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impacts of broadband at the level of the firm. It adopts as its central working hypothesis the "Producer Network" concept originally developed at Virginia Tech, which suggests that economic development benefits may result from Internet users having access to multiple megabits-per-second of symmetrical, affordable bandwidth. It employs a qualitative grounded theory methodology to identify firm-level effects of broadband use. The study's findings revealed that a majority of businesses in the case study communities were using much slower Internet connections than had been hypothesized, were using third-party, off-site web hosting, and did not believe they needed "Big Broadband." Informants to the study believed that the economic development potential of broadband in the short term depended on the ubiquitous deployment of affordable connectivity, and were more concerned with reliability than bandwidth. The study concludes that the "Producer Network" is better understood as a long-term goal than as a model to explain the current firm-level applications of the commodity Internet. It suggests that policymakers should consider broadband not as a panacea for economic development, but as a tool whose potential for impact is influenced by a number of economic, political, social, and cultural forces originating at the community, national, and global levels. Based on the literature review and the field research, it proposes a general model for broadband telecommunications in rural economic development. / Master of Public and International Affairs

Submitted by Camila dos Anjos Ferraz (cacaferraz@gmail.com) on 2015-12-25T19:05:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Co-Creation in Hospitality Industry - a Case Study on the Drivers for Traveler-Generated Content.pdf: 2832811 bytes, checksum: de014292f47037eecdbc94c6ac2ec326 (MD5) / Rejected by Ana Luiza Holme (ana.holme@fgv.br), reason: Camila, O numero das paginas só pode aparecer a partir da introdução. Aguardo. Ana Luiza Holme 3799-3492 on 2016-01-04T11:14:13Z (GMT) / Submitted by Camila dos Anjos Ferraz (cacaferraz@gmail.com) on 2016-01-05T21:22:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Co-Creation in Hospitality Industry - a Case Study on the Drivers for Traveler-Generated Content.pdf: 2835215 bytes, checksum: 46c4a7a25788c28545d6f2e54f44fae6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Luiza Holme (ana.holme@fgv.br) on 2016-01-06T11:12:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Co-Creation in Hospitality Industry - a Case Study on the Drivers for Traveler-Generated Content.pdf: 2835215 bytes, checksum: 46c4a7a25788c28545d6f2e54f44fae6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-06T11:44:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Co-Creation in Hospitality Industry - a Case Study on the Drivers for Traveler-Generated Content.pdf: 2835215 bytes, checksum: 46c4a7a25788c28545d6f2e54f44fae6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-18 / User-generated content in travel industry is the phenomenon studied in this research, which aims to fill the literature gap on the drivers to write reviews on TripAdvisor. The object of study is relevant from a managerial standpoint since the motivators that drive users to co-create can shape strategies and be turned into external leverages that generate value for brands through content production. From an academic perspective, the goal is to enhance literature on the field, and fill a gap on adherence of local culture to UGC given industry structure specificities. The business’ impact of UGC is supported by the fact that it increases e-commerce conversion rates since research undertaken by Ye, Law, Gu and Chen (2009) states each 10% in traveler review ratings boosts online booking in more than 5%. The literature review builds a theoretical framework on required concepts to support the TripAdvisor case study methodology. Quantitative and qualitative data compound the methodological approach through literature review, desk research, executive interview, and user survey which are analyzed under factor and cluster analysis to group users with similar drivers towards UGC. Additionally, cultural and country-specific aspects impact user behavior. Since hospitality industry in Brazil is concentrated on long tail – 92% of hotels in Brazil are independent ones (Jones Lang LaSalle, 2015, p. 7) – and lesser known hotels take better advantage of reviews – according to Luca (2011) each one Yelp-star increase in rating, increases in 9% independent restaurant revenue whereas in chain restaurants the reviews have no effect – , this dissertation sought to understand UGC in the context of travelers from São Paulo (Brazil) and adopted the case of TripAdvisor to describe what are the incentives that drives user’s co-creation among targeted travelers. It has an outcome of 4 different clusters with different drivers for UGC that enables to design marketing strategies, and it also concludes there’s a big potential to convert current content consumers into producers, the remaining importance of friends and family referrals and the role played by incentives. Among the conclusions, this study lead us to an exploration of positive feedback and network effect concepts, a reinforcement of the UGC relevance for long tail hotels, the interdependence across content production, consumption and participation; and the role played by technology allied with behavioral analysis to take effective decisions. The adherence of UGC to hospitality industry, also outlines the formulation of the concept present in the dissertation title of 'Traveler-Generated Content'. / Esta pesquisa estuda o fenômeno de conteúdo gerado por usuários aplicado à indústria de turismo com o objetivo de preencher a lacuna literária nas motivações que levam usuários à escrever avaliações no TripAdvisor. O objeto do estudo tem sua relevância gerencial uma vez que, identificadas as motivações dos viajantes para co-criar, estas possam tornar-se alavancas para geração de valor para marcas através da geração de conteúdo. Do ponto de vista acadêmico, o objetivo é expandir a literatura neste campo e endereçar a aderência de cultura local de co-criação aplicada às especifidades da indústria selecionada. O impacto de conteúdo gerado pelo usuário é endossado pelo fato das avaliações influenciarem as taxas de conversão. De acordo com a pesquisa conduzida por Ye, Law, Gu e Chen (2009), para cada 10% incremental na avaliação de um hotel, as reservas online crescem em 5%. A revisão literária constrói o modelo teórico para embasar a metodologia de estudo de caso do TripAdvisor. Aspectos quantitativos e qualitativos compõem a abordagem metodológica por meio de revisão literária, pesquisa por dados secundários, entrevista com executivo e pesquisa com usuários processadas com análises fatoriais e de agrupamentos (clusters). Além disso, o comportamento do usuário é impactado por aspectos culturais, o que diferencia suas motivações. A indústria de hospitalidade no Brasil é predominantemente dispersa sendo 92% dos quartos de hotéis independentes (Jones Lang LaSalle, 2015, p. 7) e hotéis menos conhecidos tendem a ser mais beneficiados em consideração do consumidor depois de receber avaliações segundo Luca (2011), que observou que o aumento de uma estrela na avaliação do Yelp, aumenta em 9% o faturamento de restaurantes independentes, enquanto nos de rede não há nenhum impacto. Portanto, essa dissertação almeja entender a geração de conteúdo por usuários no contexto de viajantes de São Paulo, Brasil, adotando o caso do TripAdvisor para descrever os incentivos para co-criação de usuários entre o público selecionado. A análise entrega quatro diferentes grupos que permitem embasar o desenvolvimento de estratégias de marketing. O estudo também sugere a existência de potencial na conversão de atuais consumidores de conteúdo em produtores de conteúdo, a remanescente importância das recomendações de familiares e amigos e o papel exercido por incentivos. Dentre as conclusões, a pesquisa leva à exploração dos conceitos de feedback positivo e efeito de rede, o reforço da relevância de conteúdo gerado por usuários para hotéis independentes, a interdependência entre participação, produção e consumo de conteúdo e o papel exercido pela tecnologia, aliada à análises comportamentais, na tomada de decisões. A aderência do conceito de UGC à indústria de hospitalidade nos leva ao conceito presente no título da dissertação de 'Conteúdo Gerado por Viajantes'.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-16T15:23:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1005663 bytes, checksum: b2641119aa97d5e9307e198562bf42a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The last few years have been marked by the large amount of information produced, disseminated and consumed daily. The advent of the web and its technological evolution, in particular, resulted in the emergence of mechanisms aimed at social interaction through online networks, virtual communities and open spaces of interaction. These environments are dedicated to the production, exchange, and dissemination of information and intangible assets fully focused on the processes of collaborative production sharing. In this context, Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, presents itself as one of the most accessed Internet addresses. Throughout its 12years of existence, the collaborative encyclopedia online operates in over 280 countries, being present in five 5 continents, namely Africa, America, Asia, Europe and Oceania. Its major advantage is the fact that it functions through interactions and collaborations done by its own users. However, due to its free nature, Wikipedia faces the daily challenge of the reliability of information. Thus, in the present research, we aimed to analyze the factors affecting the reliability of information produced and shared on Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. To this end, we seek to specifically describe the structure of this encyclopedia, mapping its general and specific characteristics, to identify the elements found as constituting a policy of production and dissemination of information, to characterize the factors affecting the reliability of information produced, and to explain the guidelines that guide the collaborative production of content. Thus, we performed a qualitative research on a documentary base in a case study. The collection and analysis of data were performed on the basis of Content Analysis of Laurence Bardin (2010), through the combination of the techniques of Relations Analysis and Thematic analysis proposed by Minayo (1996). The results show that Wikipedia is composed of a set of features designed to ensure their most unique characteristics, such as the Five Pillars and Wikipedia is not. Moreover, it has policies and recommendations that support the content production. Wikipedia is concerned with content produced by its publishers, especially regarding to quality, with emphasis on the validity and reliability of information that constitute them. In this context, three aspects stand out. The first corresponds to the categories of Content Production, which constitute the most important notes to be known and adopted by its producers. The second aims to achieve reliability, it corresponds to the "positions of trust , enhancing both the quality of articles and entries produced by Wikipedians as the experience of members dedicated to improving articles and entries. The third refers to the "netiquette", which acts indirectly on reliability regards, informing the most appropriate behaviors so that internal personal conflicts do not reach the quality of the pages. The open and collaborative model of encyclopedia therefore brings to Wikipedia a constant concern with the production of reliable and credible content. Its specifics enable itself to add the elements of reliability of information from different informational sources. The biggest challenge is the constant search for new criteria to evaluate the quality of such content. / Os últimos anos vêm sendo marcados pela grande quantidade de informações produzidas, disseminadas e consumidas diariamente. O advento da web e sua evolução tecnológica, em particular, proporcionaram a emergência de mecanismos voltados à interação social, por meio de redes online, comunidades virtuais e espaços abertos de interação. Esses ambientes são dedicados à produção, à troca, à disseminação e ao compartilhamento de informações e bens imateriais inteiramente focados nos processos de produção colaborativa. Nesse cenário, a Wikipédia, a Enciclopédia Livre, apresenta-se como um dos endereços mais acessados da Internet. No decorrer de seus 12 anos de existência, a enciclopédia online colaborativa opera em mais 280 países, estando presente nos cinco continentes mundiais, a saber, África, América, Ásia, Europa e Oceania. O seu maior diferencial consiste no fato desta funcionar por intermédio de interações e colaborações realizadas pelos próprios usuários. Em contrapartida, em função de seu caráter livre, a Wikipédia enfrenta cotidianamente o desafio da confiabilidade das informações. Assim, na presente pesquisa, objetivamos analisar os elementos que indicam a confiabilidade das informações produzidas e compartilhadas na Wikipédia, a Enciclopédia Livre. Para tanto, buscamos, especificamente, descrever a estrutura dessa enciclopédia, mapeando suas características gerais e específicas, identificar os elementos encontrados como constitutivos de uma política de produção e disseminação da informação, caracterizar os elementos que condicionam a confiabilidade das informações produzidas, e explicitar as diretrizes que norteiam a produção colaborativa de conteúdos. Nesse sentido, realizamos uma pesquisa qualitativa de base documental na forma de estudo de caso. A coleta e a análise de dados foram realizadas com fundamento na Análise de Conteúdo de Laurence Bardin (2010), por intermédio da combinação das técnicas de Análise das Relações e Análise Temática propostas por Minayo (1996). Os resultados evidenciam que a Wikipédia é composta por um conjunto de elementos que visam a assegurar suas características mais particulares, tais como os Cinco Pilares e a O que a Wikipédia não é. Além disso, ela dispõe de políticas e recomendações que fundamentam a produção de conteúdos. A Wikipédia se preocupa com os conteúdos produzidos pelos seus editores, especialmente no que se refere à qualidade, com destaque para a validade e a confiabilidade das informações que os constituem. Nesse contexto, três aspectos se destacam. O primeiro corresponde às categorias de Produção de Conteúdos, que se constituem dos apontamentos mais importantes a serem conhecidos e adotados pelos colaboradores. O segundo, que visa a alcançar a confiabilidade, corresponde aos cargos de confiança, valorizando tanto a qualidade dos artigos e verbetes produzidos pelos wikipedistas quanto a experiência dos membros dedicados à melhoria dos artigos e verbetes. O terceiro refere-se à netiqueta , que age de forma indireta no tocante à confiabilidade, informando os comportamentos mais adequados para que os conflitos pessoais internos não atinjam a qualidade das páginas. O modelo aberto e colaborativo da enciclopédia, portanto, faz com que a Wikipédia tenha uma preocupação constante com a produção de conteúdos fiáveis e credíveis. As especificidades possibilitam que ela agregue os elementos de confiabilidade das informações de fontes informacionais distintas. O desafio maior se encontra na constante busca por novos critérios para avaliar a qualidade desses conteúdos.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-07T14:46:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1217561 bytes, checksum: 80486693555edadcee476e93fee10422 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The question of content production for the communication media inserted in the scanning process and, consequently, the actual process of technological convergence issues are largely unexplored in the academic world. Accordingly, we set for digital radio, our object of study, the following problem: the media culture of radio mutations raise a new practice in digital content production. Regarding the approach to the problem this research is qualitative in nature. As the study's goals is characterized as an exploratory study, but is also structured on certain aspects that guide the dialectical approach, since our object is in an area of frequent mutation, the digital environment. The survey takes into account the four laws of media by McLuhan established about the consequences caused by technological innovations in media culture. The study is divided into five chapters, whose discussion turns to considerations of reinventing media, technological and cultural Brazilian radio, internet radio and the relationship, the reflection on the main characteristics of digital radio, its challenges, impacts and experiences , trends and perspectives, the approach of the current environment of technological convergence and its contributions to the design of new languages for radio content, the discussion about the new practice in the production of digital content from the literature review of media genres and the suggestion new radio formats that are based on the adoption of interactive features and contextually convergent able to enhance the performance of new users listeners of digital radio. / A questão da produção de conteúdos comunicacionais para as mídias inseridas no processo de digitalização e, consequentemente, no atual processo de convergência tecnológica são temas ainda pouco explorados no universo acadêmico. Nesse sentido, definimos para o rádio digital, nosso objeto de estudo, o seguinte problema: as mutações da cultura midiática radiofônica suscitam uma nova práxis na produção de conteúdos digitais. Em relação à abordagem do problema a presente pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa. Quanto aos objetivos pretendidos se caracteriza como um estudo exploratório, mas está estruturado também em certos aspectos que norteiam a abordagem dialética, uma vez que nosso objeto encontra-se em um espaço de mutação frequente, o ambiente digital. A pesquisa leva em consideração as quatro leis da mídia estabelecidas por McLuhan a respeito das consequências provocadas pelas inovações tecnológicas na cultura midiática. O estudo está dividido em cinco capítulos, cujas discussões se voltam para as considerações sobre a reinvenção midiática, tecnológica e cultural do rádio brasileiro; a relação rádio e internet; a reflexão sobre as principais características do rádio digital, seus desafios, impactos, experiências, tendências e perspectivas; a abordagem do atual cenário de convergência tecnológica e suas contribuições para a concepção de novas linguagens para os conteúdos radiofônicos; a discussão sobre a nova práxis na produção dos conteúdos digitais a partir da revisão de literatura sobre os gêneros midiáticos e a sugestão de novos formatos radiofônicos que tenham como base a adoção de características contextualmente interativas e convergentes capazes de potencializar a atuação dos novos usuários-ouvintes do rádio digital.

Cette thèse porte sur la production des blogs journalistiques hébergés sur les sites web des quotidiens nationaux français et québécois. L’objectif de la recherche est d’identifier et de caractériser la zone d’incertitude maîtrisée par les journalistes en vue de réaliser les blogs. Cette réalisation s’inscrit dans un contexte économique en grande transformation et s’effectue dans des organisations qui prônent la division du travail en multitâche. La méthodologie consiste en la réalisation de 52 entretiens semi-directifs avec des journalistes et des responsables de blogs actifs au 1er avril 2014 dans 12 titres français et québécois ; des analyses techniques et informatiques du logiciel WordPress ; d’une analyse de contenu des blogs et des quotidiens ; et des observations en ligne des blogs.Les principaux résultats montrent que la réalisation d’un blog s’effectue par l’instauration d’un concept éditorial porteur auquel les journalistes s’identifient à la fois de manière professionnelle et personnelle. Dans le cadre de la production, les animateurs établissent des routines individuelles (sélection des sujets et rédaction des textes) et négocient des routines collectives (révision, mise en ligne et gestion des commentaires) avec des employés divers (secrétaires de rédaction, community managers, etc.) travaillant pour le quotidien. Le recours à ces autres acteurs permet aux journalistes de les libérer de ces tâches spécialisées et éreintantes. / This thesis examines the production of journalistic blogs on French and Quebec national dailies’ websites. The objective of this research is to identify and characterise the zone of uncertainty controlled by journalists in order to realise blogs. This realisation is part of an economic context in great transformation and takes place in organisations that advocate multitasking.The methodology consists of the implementation of 52 semi-structured interviews with journalists and those responsible for active blogs on 1 April 2014, in 12 French and Quebec newspapers; technical and computer analysis of the software WordPress; a content analysis of blogs and newspapers; and online observations of blogs.The main results show that the creation of a blog is carried out by the establishment of a leading editorial concept to which journalists identify themselves both in a professional and personal way. As part of the production, journalists establish individual routines (selection of topics and drafting of texts) and negotiate collective routines (reviewing, uploading and comment management) with various employees (subeditors, community managers, etc.) working for the newspaper. The use of these other actors allows journalists to free themselves from these specialised and gruelling tasks.

[pt] Muitos artigos abordaram, nos últimos anos, o tópico de Sales and Operations Planning (SeOP) da perspectiva do gerenciamento da cadeia de suprimentos. No entanto, ainda é possível observar uma lacuna entre os modelos de SeOP presentes na literatura e a implementação nas empresas, principalmente devido aos diferentes contextos existentes na vida real. A caracterização do processo de S&OP precisa de mais desenvolvimento, especialmente para ajudar os praticantes em novas implementações. Além disso, faltam estudos sobre a aplicação específica desse processo em indústrias com modelo de produção Engineer-To-Order (ETO). Esta dissertação traz, por meio de um estudo de caso com abordagem exploratória, uma análise do processo de S&OP em uma indústria com um modelo de produção de ETO, demonstrando como o processo ocorre e quais são as peculiaridades desse modelo. O objetivo é oferecer um guia prático para implementação do SeOP com base na caracterização da aplicação do SeOP em uma indústria de produção de conteúdo audiovisual. O estudo caracteriza o processo observado na empresa, reduzindo a lacuna das práticas de pesquisa na literatura relativa à caracterização completa do processo de SeOP a partir de pesquisas empíricas e amplia o entendimento da área pesquisada no contexto de ETO. A dissertação oferece um guia prático que visa auxiliar praticantes da indústria a implementar o processo de SeOP nas empresas, outra carência existente na literatura. / [en] Many studies have addressed, over the past few years, the topic of Sales and Operations Planning (S and OP) from the perspective of Supply Chain Management. However, it is still possible to observe a gap between the S and OP models present in the literature and the implementation in companies, mainly due to the different contexts existing in real life. The characterization of the S and OP process needs further development, especially to help practitioners in new implementations. Besides, there is an absence of studies on the specific application of this process in industries with an Engineer-To-Order (ETO) production model. This dissertation brings, through a case study with an exploratory approach, an analysis of the S and OP process in an industry with an ETO production model, demonstrating how the process occurs and what are the peculiarities of this model. The objective is to offer a practical guide for the implementation of S and OP based on the characterization of the application of S and OP in an audiovisual content production industry. The study characterizes the process observed in the company, reducing the research practices gap in the literature concerning a complete characterization of the S and OP process based on empirical research and expand the understanding of the researched area with the ETO context. The dissertation offers a practical guide that aims to help practitioners to implement the S and OP process in companies, addressing another literature gap.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:03:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 6447.pdf: 5392666 bytes, checksum: 6368d9dd4f5d4af844fe595173c0dbe2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-27 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / The television is the medium of information and entertainment most utilized by Brazilians. Despite its great reach, this vehicle, which should be an instrument to promote social inclusion, often causes the opposite effect. The manner some television programs are produced, in particular movies and series, combined with the lack of prior knowledge about certain subjects and contexts, trigger some viewers not to appreciate or enjoy enough of the programming, which may lead to a possible dissatisfaction in the audience. Cultural and educational matters may also accentuate the viewer's discontentment during a television session. New technologies such as the Interactive Digital TV (IDTV) allow the enrichment of television media with additional contents that may provide greater fruition of the narratives. This PhD project benefits from the flexibility and interactivity offered by the IDTV to propose a solution of accessibility based on the offer of additional specific contents, here denominated interactive Additional Multimedia Content (AMC-i). The AMC-i are extra information associated with the television media that may be offered to the main program considering different aspects, such as whether the offer: is synchronous or asynchronous, on demand or compulsory, with or without pausing the original program, by combining one or more media formats, among others. Through case studies, groups of spectators with distinct profiles, in different scenarios and interacting with varying kinds of media, were observed and had their interaction difficulties and experiences evaluated. This thesis proposes and presents the FrAMC-i, a framework consisting of a set of guidelines that support the production of AMC-i and emerged from the experience acquired during the observation of spectators in the studies. In addition to the guidelines, the FrAMC-i also provides tools for the enrichment of the media with AMC-i and a mobile application that enables the interaction with such contents by usage of a second screen. The framework was submitted to assessment by sixteen graduate students in Computer Science in the role of designers. These evaluators used the FrAMC-i artifacts to enrich media, given a provided fictional scenario. The results suggest a positive evaluation considering the utility, adherence to the proposed design solutions and usability of the artifacts supplied by the framework for the different stages of the production of the AMC-i. / A televisão é o meio de informação e entretenimento mais utilizado pelos brasileiros. Apesar do grande alcance, esse veículo, que deveria ser um meio para promover a inclusão social, por diversas vezes causa o efeito oposto. A forma como alguns programas televisivos são elaborados, em particular filmes e seriados, somada à falta de conhecimento prévio sobre determinados assuntos e contextos, fazem com que alguns espectadores não apreciem ou não desfrutem o bastante da programação, o que pode conduzi-los a uma possível insatisfação na audiência. Questões culturais e educacionais também podem acentuar a insatisfação do espectador durante uma sessão televisiva. Novas tecnologias, como a TV Digital Interativa (TVDi), permitem o enriquecimento de mídias televisivas com conteúdos adicionais que podem proporcionar uma melhor fruição das narrativas. Este projeto de doutorado aproveitou as vantagens da flexibilidade e interatividade oferecidas pela TVDi para propor uma solução de acessibilidade baseada na oferta de conteúdos adicionais específicos, aqui denominados de Conteúdo Multimídia Complementar interativo (CMCi). Os CMCis são informações extras associadas às mídias televisivas que podem ser oferecidas ao programa principal considerando diferentes aspectos, tais como, se a oferta será síncrona ou assíncrona, sob demanda ou compulsória, com ou sem pausa da mídia original, combinando um ou mais formatos de mídia complementar, entre outros. Por meio de estudos de caso, grupos de espectadores com diferentes perfis, em diferentes cenários e interagindo com diferentes gêneros de mídias, foram observados e tiveram as suas dificuldades e experiências de interação avaliadas. Esta tese propõe e apresenta o FrAMC-i, um framework composto por um conjunto de diretrizes que apoiam a produção de CMCi e que emergiu da experiência adquirida durante a observação dos espectadores nos estudos. Além das diretrizes, o FrAMC-i também disponibiliza ferramentas para o enriquecimento das mídias com CMCi e um aplicativo móvel que possibilita a interação com tais conteúdos utilizando uma segunda tela. Uma avaliação do framework foi realizada por 16 estudantes de pósgraduação em Ciência da Computação no papel de designers. Esses avaliadores utilizaram os artefatos do FrAMC-i para enriquecer mídias atendendo a um cenário fictício fornecido. Os resultados sugerem uma avaliação positiva considerando a utilidade, adesão às soluções de design propostas e usabilidade dos artefatos disponibilizados pelo framework para as diferentes etapas de produção do CMCi.