Despite the considerable harm caused by corporate crimes, this area remains relatively overlooked within the field of criminology. Anchored in an interest of enhancing initiatives targeting corporate crimes, this study investigates the nonobligatory component of anonymous reporting options in internal whistleblower schemes. Utilizing a triangulation of quantitative and qualitative methods, the study builds its findings on survey data collected on 104 respondents and interviews with selected survey respondents. The findings reveal that the option of anonymity has a significant impact on reporting intentions, particularly in scenarios involving a more severe context. Anonymity is found to be important as it diminishes employees' perceived fear associated with reporting, positively impacting the weighted cost-benefits connected to the decision-making process. These results carry implications for organizational policy and practice, emphasizing the need for proactive measures to ensure the effectiveness of internal whistleblower schemes in addressing corporate crime

During the last decades, climate change studies have been focusing more intensely on its anthopocenic essence, as the consequence of production and consumption patterns that require the intensive exploitation of the environment. In line with this school of thought, and new generations of studies on environmental crime, this work aims to present the environmentally and climate-related issues arising from land degradation in the Peruvian Amazon; focusing on those casual mechanisms developed from the collusion between Peruvian-economic policies and new private actors such as transnational corporations (TNCs). Relying on the assumption that: the processes moving the issue of climate change overcome the global space, and can be observed from regional, national or local point of view; this work's purpose is to analyze how a single country as Peru, currently considered of low ecological footprint, could, by means of the definition of national laws (environmentally and economic-related) burden climate change. The analysis focuses on a single case-study identified with the territory within the Northern Ucayali and Southern Loreto regions in Peru, and builds on the theory of state-corporate crime developed in the 1990s by Ronald C. Kramer and Raymond J. Michalowski to define the role of state-corporate relationships in the production of social harms. To show how this relationship is today shaping the globally spread issue of climate change, the analysis of the palm oil industry in Ucayali is presented as main example of a broader phenomenon of transgression and partnership between private and public spheres in Peru. In this optic, the purpose is to give further contributions to the studies of climate change as state-corporate crime, focusing on the analysis of those territory, as the Amazon, whose preservation has been identified as mayor tool against global warming and which is instead harmed by the relation between private and governments interests.

This study addresses the need for a parsimonious theoretical model to explain state-corporate crime. The Integrated Theoretical Model of State-Corporate Crime will be compared to the Integrated Theory of International Criminal Law Violation to determine which model provides the most accurate theoretical depiction of state- corporate crime, while retaining parsimony. For this comparison, the models will be applied to Democratic Republic of Congo case study. Using a secondary analysis of qualitative data and preexisting literature, it was found that the Integrated Theoretical Model of State-Corporate Crime displays a representative depiction of all state-corporate crime actors and their catalysts for action in a more parsimonious manner than the Integrated Theory of International Criminal Law Violation.

This thesis critically examines dominant conceptualizations of safety crimes – offences by corporations that seriously injure and kill workers – within the Alberta oil and gas industry. Using critical discourse analysis, and relying on and Foucaultian and Marxist literatures, the thesis critically examines the extent to which government fatality reports, workplace safety education campaigns and court decisions characterize safety crimes primarily as ‘accidents’ caused by ‘careless’ workers. Two main discourses were found: first, workers were responsibilized, effectively blamed for their own injury and death in the workplace while employers were characterized as largely good and law-abiding; second, serious injury and death was (re)conventionalized as the regrettable but largely unintentional and unavoidable side effect of capitalist production. In the process, the underlying causes of safety crimes, including weak and under-enforced laws and a socio-economic context that prioritizes profits over worker safety, remain untouched.

1 Criminological aspects of crimes committed by legal entities Abstract The subject of this work is problematic of criminological aspects of crimes committed by legal entities, and the individual definition of a legal entity as a criminal offender. The institute of criminal liability of legal entities is relatively young, provided that the research in this field began in the second half of the 20th century. In the nowadays the research of criminal liability of legal entities is still actual topic, namely because it is massive, often concealed, sophisticated and dangerous phenomenon. The importance of research of this criminal activity grows in line with globalization of world economy and the growing importance held by the legal entities in society. The outputs of the researched issue can thus enable an adequate response to the crimes of legal entities and help create effective prevention programs. This work is divided into four parts. The introductory first part explains the terms "criminology" and "crime" in general, introduces the terminological and methodological apparatus of crime investigation, explains the concept of legal entity - the perpetrator of the crime. The second part deals with the history of criminal liability of legal entities in the world and the change in the understanding of crime. It...

This issue focuses on the sanctioning of corporate crime.

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Uma das práticas do dark side analisadas no campo dos Estudos Organizacionais diz respeito aos crimes corporativos, cujo gênero compreende a espécie fraudes corporativas. Não obstante os esforços empreendidos para evitar a ocorrência de fraudes corporativas, essas ainda continuam fazendo vítimas, a exemplo dos casos envolvendo a Boi Gordo, Banco Santos e Daslu. Em relação aos casos da Boi Gordo e Banco Santos, Costa (2011) identificou os elementos característicos do fenômeno da fraude e o modo pelo qual se criou um contexto favorável para ela. Estudos como o realizado por Costa (2011) ainda são incipientes na literatura, principalmente, aqueles que avaliam os antecedentes das fraudes corporativas. Esta pesquisa objetiva analisar a fraude corporativa ocorrida no Banco BVA, a qual contou com a participação da KPMG Auditores Independentes, como um processo, mormente a conduta da KPMG enquanto responsável pela auditoria do Banco BVA. Buscamos, portanto, reconhecer as dimensões individuais e organizacionais que antecederam a ocorrência da fraude na instituição financeira, compreender de que modo a KPMG atuou para favorecer a ocorrência da fraude no Banco BVA, bem como analisar os argumentos de defesa da KPMG quanto à sua responsabilização na ocorrência da fraude no Banco BVA. A pesquisa teve como norte os estudos anteriores sobre antecedentes de crimes corporativos, quais sejam, aqueles desenvolvidos por Bashir et al. (2011), Baucus (1994) e Zahra, Priem e Rasheed (2005), bem como a tese de Costa (2011), principalmente, em relação à identificação das categorias relativas aos antecedentes das fraudes corporativas. O estudo foi realizado por meio de análise documental, tendo como unidade de análise os processos judiciais ativos no Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo que possuem a KPMG como parte. De todas as dez categorias escolhidas para identificação dos antecedentes da fraude corporativa, apenas três não foram identificadas no caso analisado, quais sejam: a falta de prestação de contas; a cultura corporativa (BASHIR et al.; 2011) e a organização (ZAHRA; PRIEM; RASHEED, 2005), no que se refere aos organismos de governança da companhia do Banco BVA. A dissertação contribui para a compreensão do fenômeno fraude corporativa, visto que lança luz sobre o assunto e, principalmente, por se tratar de um evento tão recente. A pesquisa expandiu o entendimento da fraude como um processo, tendo contribuído para ampliar o conhecimento no campo dos estudos organizacionais, mais especificamente, chamando a atenção para eventos que ocorrem no lado sombrio das organizações, ou seja, eventos que são raramente estudados e que, no entanto, fazem parte das operações corporativas. A pesquisa chama a atenção para a necessidade de se observarem as relações entre as firmas de auditoria e os entes auditados, sendo esse um aspecto que deve ser levado em consideração, tanto em relação à escolha da companhia, bem como em relação aos membros da equipe interna que irão se relacionar com a firma de auditoria, além de cuidados específicos quanto à contratação de ex-empregados de firmas de auditoria por empresas que são ou se tornarão, em futuro próximo, clientes dessas firmas. / One of the practices of the dark side analyzed in the field of Organizational Studies refers to Corporate Crimes, specially the kind “Corporate Frauds”. Even though many efforts have been made to avoid these frauds they still happen frequently, for example in cases involving Boi Gordo, Banco Santos and Daslu. In the cases Boi Gordo and Banco Santos, Costa (2011) identified the characteristic elements of the fraud itself and how a favorable environment for it to happen was created. Studies such as the one performed by Costa (2011) are still relatively new in literature specially the ones that deal with antecedents of Corporate Frauds. This research has as its main goal to analyze the Corporate Fraud that happened in Banco BVA, and which had the participation of KPMG Auditores Independentes, as a process, mainly the conduct of KPMG while responsible for the auditing of Banco BVA. We are trying, therefore, to recognize the individual and organizational dimensions which preceded the occurrence of the fraud at that financial institution, understand how KPMG acted to help the fraud at Banco BVA to happen as well as analyze the defense arguments of KPMG concerning their responsibility in the Banco BVA fraud. The research had as its groundwork the previous studies about the antecedents of corporate crimes such as Bashir et al. (2011), Baucus (1994) e Zahra, Priem e Rasheed (2005) as well as the Costa (2011) thesis, specially according to the categories related to the antecedents of Corporate Frauds. The study was achieved by documental analyses using the active lawsuits at the Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo which has KPMG as procedural part. From all ten categories chosen to identify the antecedents of Corporate Fraud, only tree were not identified in the analyzed case: Lack of Reporting, Corporate Culture (BASHIR et al.; 2011) and Organization (ZAHRA; PRIEM; RASHEED, 2005) as far as the corporate governance of Banco BVA is concerned. The study contributes to the understanding of the Corporate Fraud since it highlights the subjects and, most of all, because it is such a recent event. The research extended the understanding of fraud as a process, having contributed to the knowledge in the area of the Organizational Studies, chiefly emphasizing events that occur in the dark side of Organizations i.e. events that are rarely studied and which, however, are part of Corporate operations. The research shows the necessity to observe the relationship between Auditing Firms and audited subjects. These aspects must be taken into consideration, as to the choice of the Auditing Firm, in relation to members of the internal team who will deal with the Auditing Firm, as well as being aware of risks concerning the hiring of former employees of the Auditing Firms who are, or might eventually become, clients of these firms. / Dissertação (Mestrado)

This study explores conceptualizations of transnational corporate accountability in the responses of Canadian organizations to a crisis in global capitalism. Empirically this study focuses on discussion and debate concerning the involvement of Canadian retail companies in the Rana Plaza disaster, which killed over 1,100 Bangladeshi garment workers on 24 April 2013. Information was drawn from Canadian Parliamentary Committee sessions, documents published by Canadian retail companies, governmental departments and civil society organizations, and nine semi-structured interviews with individuals possessing professional knowledge about corporate governance in global supply chains. A critical discourse analysis method, theoretically informed by the corporate crime literature, Gramsci’s concept of hegemony and Foucault’s notion of knowledge and power, examined the economic, political, and legal assumptions that characterized discussions about transnational corporate crime and accountability. Overall, dominant voices reinforced neoliberal beliefs about the effectiveness of allowing corporations to develop and implement their own means of transnational regulation. Claims describing the social benefits of free markets and flexible regulatory regimes overshadowed concerns about the dangerous and exploitive practices inherent in the production of private capital, which effectively reproduced the (de)regulation of multinational corporations.