Malgré l’abondance d’information concernant la dentisterie esthétique, les évidences scientifiques à son sujet sont rarissimes. Ainsi, cette recherche a pour premier but d’accroître ces évidences en faisant la lumière sur les paramètres esthétiques et leur influence auprès de l’appréciation générale du sourire, tel que perçu par des sujets non-experts. Une invitation à répondre à un questionnaire autoadministré anonyme a été envoyée à la communauté de l’Université de Montréal par courrier électronique. 467 personnes ont accepté de répondre au questionnaire, toutefois seulement 263 ont terminé l'opération. L’analyse des données démontre que le seul critère esthétique objectif ayant une influence statistiquement significative sur l’appréciation générale est « l’arrangement des dents » (p = .028). Les dents versées diminuent significativement l’attrait général par rapport à des dents droites (p = .012) ou chevauchées (p = .009). Par contre, en corrélant ces données avec les convictions des sujets, « l’angulation de la médiane dentaire supérieure » ainsi que « l’inclinaison du plan incisif » présentent aussi des différences statistiquement significatives. « L’état d’usure des dents » et leur « position » sont les éléments, parmi le vocabulaire suggéré, les plus importants pour l’attrait du sourire aux yeux des patients. Avec les limitations de cette étude, on peut conclure que (1) « l’arrangement des dents », « l’angulation de la médiane dentaire supérieure » et « l’inclinaison du plan incisif » influencent de manière statistiquement significative l’appréciation générale du sourire. (2) Parmi les critères objectifs étudiés, « l'arrangement des dents » a la plus forte influence sur l’appréciation générale d’un sourire. (3) Une corrélation statistiquement significative entre les deux séquences d’évaluation et la faible variance intrasujet indiquent que l’appréciation générale d’un sourire est une action réflexe basée, entre autres, sur des paramètres morphologiques. Application pratique : Les résultats de cette étude insinuent que les traitements visant à corriger l’alignement, l’usure des dents et ceux visant à blanchir les dents d’un individu sont susceptibles d’augmenter l’attrait de son sourire tel que perçu par des sujets non-experts. / Despite all the information in aesthetic dentistry, evidence-based literature has not yet fully embraced the field of cosmetic dentistry, its rules and effects. The main goal of this study is to raise this level of knowledge and therefore, determine the influence of aesthetic parameters on the overall smile attractiveness as perceived by laypeople. A request to answer an anonymous survey was sent to the University de Montreal’s community, trough its institutional email lists. 467 questionnaires were started, but only 263 were completed and kept in this study. According to this survey, « Teeth alignment » was the only objective criteria proven to have a significant statistical effect on the overall smile appreciation (p = .028). Straight (p = .012) and crowded teeth (p = .009) raised the appreciation over the rotated ones. When the data was correlated with laypeople’s belief, « superior dental median line angle » and « incisal plane incline » also had a statistical effect. From a patient’s point of view and within the suggested vocabulary, tooth wear and tooth position are the most important subjective elements that may vary with smile attractiveness. Within the limitations of this study, the conclusions are the following : (1) « teeth alignment, « incisal plane inclination » and « superior medial dental line angulation » all have proven a significant statistical effect on the smile appreciation. (2) « Teeth alignment » is the only objective criteria, by which overall appreciation can vary significantly on a statistical aspect. (3) The high degree of correlation within each smiles rating, leads us to believe that the appreciation of smile attractiveness is a reflex action. Practical application: treatments aiming whitening and correcting teeth alignment or tooth wear, all have the potential to rise smile attractiveness as perceived by laypeople.

Malgré l’abondance d’information concernant la dentisterie esthétique, les évidences scientifiques à son sujet sont rarissimes. Ainsi, cette recherche a pour premier but d’accroître ces évidences en faisant la lumière sur les paramètres esthétiques et leur influence auprès de l’appréciation générale du sourire, tel que perçu par des sujets non-experts. Une invitation à répondre à un questionnaire autoadministré anonyme a été envoyée à la communauté de l’Université de Montréal par courrier électronique. 467 personnes ont accepté de répondre au questionnaire, toutefois seulement 263 ont terminé l'opération. L’analyse des données démontre que le seul critère esthétique objectif ayant une influence statistiquement significative sur l’appréciation générale est « l’arrangement des dents » (p = .028). Les dents versées diminuent significativement l’attrait général par rapport à des dents droites (p = .012) ou chevauchées (p = .009). Par contre, en corrélant ces données avec les convictions des sujets, « l’angulation de la médiane dentaire supérieure » ainsi que « l’inclinaison du plan incisif » présentent aussi des différences statistiquement significatives. « L’état d’usure des dents » et leur « position » sont les éléments, parmi le vocabulaire suggéré, les plus importants pour l’attrait du sourire aux yeux des patients. Avec les limitations de cette étude, on peut conclure que (1) « l’arrangement des dents », « l’angulation de la médiane dentaire supérieure » et « l’inclinaison du plan incisif » influencent de manière statistiquement significative l’appréciation générale du sourire. (2) Parmi les critères objectifs étudiés, « l'arrangement des dents » a la plus forte influence sur l’appréciation générale d’un sourire. (3) Une corrélation statistiquement significative entre les deux séquences d’évaluation et la faible variance intrasujet indiquent que l’appréciation générale d’un sourire est une action réflexe basée, entre autres, sur des paramètres morphologiques. Application pratique : Les résultats de cette étude insinuent que les traitements visant à corriger l’alignement, l’usure des dents et ceux visant à blanchir les dents d’un individu sont susceptibles d’augmenter l’attrait de son sourire tel que perçu par des sujets non-experts. / Despite all the information in aesthetic dentistry, evidence-based literature has not yet fully embraced the field of cosmetic dentistry, its rules and effects. The main goal of this study is to raise this level of knowledge and therefore, determine the influence of aesthetic parameters on the overall smile attractiveness as perceived by laypeople. A request to answer an anonymous survey was sent to the University de Montreal’s community, trough its institutional email lists. 467 questionnaires were started, but only 263 were completed and kept in this study. According to this survey, « Teeth alignment » was the only objective criteria proven to have a significant statistical effect on the overall smile appreciation (p = .028). Straight (p = .012) and crowded teeth (p = .009) raised the appreciation over the rotated ones. When the data was correlated with laypeople’s belief, « superior dental median line angle » and « incisal plane incline » also had a statistical effect. From a patient’s point of view and within the suggested vocabulary, tooth wear and tooth position are the most important subjective elements that may vary with smile attractiveness. Within the limitations of this study, the conclusions are the following : (1) « teeth alignment, « incisal plane inclination » and « superior medial dental line angulation » all have proven a significant statistical effect on the smile appreciation. (2) « Teeth alignment » is the only objective criteria, by which overall appreciation can vary significantly on a statistical aspect. (3) The high degree of correlation within each smiles rating, leads us to believe that the appreciation of smile attractiveness is a reflex action. Practical application: treatments aiming whitening and correcting teeth alignment or tooth wear, all have the potential to rise smile attractiveness as perceived by laypeople.

本研究探討小資女的微整型風潮，主要由兩大部分構成全文。第一部分是藉由台灣美容歷史的梳理，凸顯1990年代後由醫學主導的美容場域所塑造出的自然美神話。這神話使得選擇微整型實作的個人從自我認同到人際互動，多少都承載著自然美的價值去展演、觀看。透過訪談，本文進而揭示以微整型為日常保養的小資女，當她們在職場中從面試到工作與團體相處時，是如何發揮那隱而不見的「針」功夫，又如何以各種互動和對話技巧規避他人對自我外貌變化的猜疑。此外，本文也指出小資女身處在美容資訊隨處可見、選擇看似無窮的環境中，其個人決定如何在社會凝視下擺盪。應用Goffman的戲劇互動論，本文指出她們在職場上的儀式行為，尤其探問到在不同職場文化中的自我如何已經成為可以彈性形塑並要求改變的符號-物，甚至連同服裝及儀容也必須轉換為應當的儀式表達。 　　第二部分則是從自然美神話裡的矛盾元素去探究醫療細微化的科技視野下所呈現的當代生活。透過訪談，本文初步揭示女性在神話結構當中對於自然美的渴求，並且藉由微整型實作完成神話的矛盾要素。應用Baudrillard的消費社會觀，本文指出當女性在尋求差異以強調自我獨特性時，卻正相反地在迎合社會的共同性價值。此處除了小資女的自我敘述之外，本文也結合理論文獻及二手資料進階探究自然美形塑過程的三大面向，亦即物質技術、廣告消費和數位微整型。首先，我們基於物質、技術與醫師經驗等三個判準，將當前四大微整型技術劃出一條自然光譜。其次，我們從醫美診所的廣告文宣，梳理其中針對微整形技術的自然主張，了解業者的自然宣稱及消費者的自然認知。第三，我們還探討了電腦技術下的數位修圖以便凸顯出微整形的自然美意涵。從數位攝影的普及到網路平台的展演，我們在數位自拍與修圖等虛擬真實的媒介實作中探索自然美神話的疆界。 / This research comprised of two parts studies the emerging trend of cosmetic surgery practiced by young working females in Taiwan. In the first part, a short history of cosmetic practices is outlined to mark the formation of a myth of natural beauty since medical science and technology dominated the traditional field of cosmetic practices in the late 1990s. The myth makes the individual who has gone through cosmetic surgery carry the value of natural beauty while regarding one’s self-identity and performing in social interactions. Through in-depth interviews, the study shows that these young working females who have made cosmetic surgery an integral part of their daily beauty maintenance tend to exercise subtle strategies (art or kung-fu) of simulation, acting and interacting as if their beauty were all natural and real beyond suspicion at work-related situations. In addition, our study finds that personal decisions struggle constantly with the injunction of the social value (of natural beauty) as these young females are exposed to an excessive array of beauty information and surgery options. With resort to Goffman's theory of dramaturgical interaction, this study reveals some interaction rituals performed in different workplaces by these young working females. As a result, the individual self has itself become a sign-object malleable to change along with proper ways of clothing and grooming. The second part proceeds to explore contemporary living under the miniaturized purview of medical technology through the contradictory elements embodied in the myth of natural beauty. Once again drawing on in-depth interviews, the study reveals the female desire of natural beauty derived from the mythical structure, as well as their practices of cosmetic surgery which further realizes those contradictory elements in reproducing the myth. By applying Baudrillard’s theory of the consumer society, this study indicates that the more women intend to stress on their unique selves by marking out individual differences, the more they unintentionally cater to the common value of our society. In this regard, our study, apart from the self reports of interviewees, also combines theoretical discourses and secondary data to further explore the natural beauty process in its three main aspects, which might be termed as the cosmetic surgery of the material (technique), the representational (advertising) and the digital (social media). First, we delineate a spectrum of naturalism for the four major techniques of cosmetic surgery based on substance, technology and experience of the physician. Second, we examine the clinical claims and the consumer perceptions of nature shaped by advertising images and slogans circulated in the beauty industry. Third, we observe the trend of digital retouching with computer technology to sharpen the meaning of natural beauty in the practice of cosmetic surgery. From the relay of digital photography to the display of internet platform, we explore the mythical frontier of natural beauty by witnessing the digital retouching of selfies as a mediatory practice of virtual reality.

Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of Communication, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-71).

Cette thèse étudie les conditions de travail des femmes en France afin de rendre compte de la difficulté à envisager puis établir des liens entre ces conditions et le développement de certains cancers. Ceci implique de s’intéresser à la façon dont les différences biologiques et culturelles servent d’argument pour expliquer les particularités féminines face au cancer. Ainsi, à partir d’une approche analytique de la division sexuelle du travail cette recherche vise à comprendre pourquoi l’hypothèse de l’existence des atteintes cancérogènes à la santé au travail ne serait plausible que pour expliquer l’origine des cancers dont souffrent des hommes. A partir de quels éléments invalide-t-on l’hypothèse d’une étiologie professionnelle dans l’explication des cancers dont souffrent des femmes ? S’appuie-t-on sur des différences concrètes, empiriques et contextualisées ou assiste-t-on plutôt à un processus de différenciation construit par un jeu de mise en visibilisation/invisibilisation du travail des hommes et des femmes ?Cette thèse soutient que les femmes sont concernées par un phénomène d’invisibilisation des atteintes cancérogènes à leur santé au travail. Les processus de différenciation des hommes et des femmes se (re)produisent aux niveaux macro, méso et microsocial ; ils se situent au niveau de la construction de la connaissance, de la production des conditions pour la reconnaissance de la maladie professionnelle, au niveau des mobilisations sociales, ainsi qu’au niveau du rapport subjectif des travailleur-se-s au travail et aux risques. / This thesis investigates women’s working conditions in France to give an account of the difficulties of establishing links between those conditions and the development of certain cancers. This investigation implies getting familiar with the ways biological and cultural differences are being held as arguments to explain feminine particularities of cancers. Using a sexual division of labour approach, this research aims to understand why the hypothesis of carcinogenic harms to health in the workplace would only be plausible to explain men’s cancers. Which elements are used to undermine the professional etiology in the explication of women’s cancers? Are we taking into account concrete, empirical and contextualized differences or is it a differentiation process, constructed in a visibilization/invisibilization interplay of men’s and women’s work?This thesis claims that women are affected by an invisibilization phenomenon of the carcinogenic harms to their health in the workplace. The processes of differentiation between men and women are (re)producing themselves at macro, meso and microsocial levels; they are present in the construction of knowledge, in the production of conditions for recognition of the occupational disease, in social mobilisations and in the subjective relation between the individuals and their work and risks

La place primordiale accordée à l’apparence physique dans la société actuelle, qui est une société de «l’image», a fait de la chirurgie esthétique la pratique chirurgicale la plus répandue et réclamée. Cette pratique, d’abord considérée illicite, puis exclusivement liée à des fins thérapeutiques, fut reconnue par la jurisprudence française à la suite d’une évolution prétorienne en 1936. Les raisons d’un tel retard de reconnaissance résident dans la spécificité qui distingue la chirurgie esthétique des autres branches de la médecine chirurgicale : en effet, la chirurgie esthétique se caractérise d’une part par sa nature qui est dépourvue de toute finalité curative et qui est réalisée sur une personne jouissant d’une bonne santé et, d’autre part, par sa finalité puisqu’elle vise à réaliser une amélioration de l’apparence physique et de la morphologie de la personne concernée. Cette double spécificité distingue également la chirurgie esthétique de la chirurgie reconstructrice et réparatrice. Ces caractéristiques mêmes de la chirurgie esthétique ont exigé, de la jurisprudence, mais également du législateur français, un traitement juridique spécial du chirurgien esthétique en vue d’éviter que ce dernier ne profite de la fragilité, aussi bien physique que psychique, de la personne ayant une obsession de beauté et de perfectionnement physique dans un domaine non curatif. C’est ainsi que nous avons abordé, dans la présente étude, les points spécifiques du traitement juridique du chirurgien esthétique, tant au regard de ses obligations que de sa responsabilité. Relativement aux obligations, la spécificité de la chirurgie esthétique exige tout d’abord un devoir d’information rigoureuse de la part du praticien afin d’aboutir à un consentement préalable éclairé du patient, ce qui suppose un devis écrit contenant tous les renseignements relatifs à l’intervention. Elle exige, d’autre part, un processus préalable en trois étapes […] Pour ce qui est de la responsabilité du chirurgien esthétique, elle est également spécifique, et ce sur les plans civil et pénal : Sur le plan civil, sa spécificité a poussé la jurisprudence française, qui a réalisé son approche du point de vue de la nature de l’obligation du chirurgien esthétique, à procéder à une démarche de « mutation » des règles applicables en droit commun dans une tentative de les adapter à la spécificité de l’intervention chirurgicale esthétique et de la responsabilité du praticien qui en découle. Cependant, la démarche jurisprudentielle était inadaptée à la spécificité de la chirurgie esthétique, et a entrainé une large confusion au sein de la jurisprudence et de la doctrine ; elle est donc critiquable. C’est ainsi que la présente étude propose un régime spécifique à la responsabilité civile du chirurgien esthétique à trois facettes : La détermination du cadre juridique de la responsabilité contractuelle du chirurgien esthétique liée à la spécificité du contrat de chirurgie esthétique ayant pour objet unique l’amélioration de morphologie et pour objectif la réalisation du résultat attendu qui a justifié l’intervention esthétique ; ainsi le chirurgien garantit le résultat esthétique de l’intervention. Le maintien de la responsabilité extracontractuelle en ce qui concerne les dommages qui surviennent à l’occasion de l’exécution de l’obligation contractuelle. L’institution d’un régime spécifique prenant en considération l’éventualité des dommages survenus en raison des aléas thérapeutiques et des risques exceptionnels, en envisageant un régime d’indemnisation automatique lié à des cas spécifiques qui se place en dehors du régime de la responsabilité civile. Quant à la responsabilité pénale du chirurgien esthétique, une incrimination spéciale et strictement adaptée à la nature de la chirurgie esthétique s’applique essentiellement dans trois circonstances : le remodelage sexuel, la publicité mensongère et l’expérimentation scientifique. / The prominent place given to physical appearance in the current society qualified as the society of the “image”, has made cosmetic surgery, the most common surgical practice and claimed. This practice which was deemed illegal at one time and was then linked to the only therapeutic purposes has been recognized by the French courts following a change praetorian in 1936. The reasons supporting such a delay of recognition result from the specificity that distinguishes cosmetic surgery of the other surgical branches, it’s characterized by its very nature which is devoid of any curative purposes and is performed on a healthy person and its purpose is to achieve an improvement in the physical appearance and the morphology of the person concerned. This dual specificity also distinguishes cosmetic surgery from reconstructive and restorative surgeries. The specifications of cosmetic surgery required a special legal treatment of the cosmetic surgeon so it does not take advantage of the physical and mental fragility that has an obsession with beauty and physical development. Thus, we approached in this study the specific features of the legal treatment of the cosmetic surgeon in terms of obligations and responsibility.Regarding obligations, the specificity of cosmetic surgery requires a rigorous information obligation of the cosmetic surgeon to lead to a prior informed consent of the patient contained also on a written quotation. It requires a three-step process prior […] As for the cosmetic surgeon’s responsibility, it is also specific regarding its civil and criminal responsibilities : Specificity of its liability has led the French courts which made its approach towards the nature of the cosmetic surgeon’s obligation to conduct a process of «changing» the rules of common law in an attempt to adapt to specificity of cosmetic surgery and the resulting liability. However, the judicial process was not adapted to the specificity of cosmetic surgery, it led to a significantly wider confusion in the jurisprudence and doctrine, it is therefore questionable. Thus, we propose in this paper a specific regime for civil liability cosmetic surgeon three-sided : The contractual liability of the cosmetic surgeon linked to the specific contract cosmetic surgery that aims to improve morphology and has the objective of achieving the expected result which has justified the intervention. Thus, the cosmetic surgeon provides the aesthetic result of the intervention. Maintaining liability regarding damages that occur during the execution of the contractual obligation. The establishment of a special regime taking into account the case of damage due to therapeutic hazards and exceptional risks considering a compensation scheme automatically linked to specific cases that are placed outside the regime of civil liability. As to the criminal responsibility of the cosmetic surgeon, a special incrimination is strictly adapted to the nature of the surgery mainly applies in three situations : sexual remodeling, false advertising and scientific experimentation.

A esperança é uma emoção importante no dia-a-dia das pessoas, mas que ainda não foi devidamente compreendida pelos estudos do comportamento humano. Utilizada como argumento de vendas de produtos que prometem mudar a realidade atual através de resultados futuros melhores, a esperança parece influenciar o comportamento do consumidor. Com o propósito de avançar no entendimento do tema a presente pesquisa tem o objetivo de avaliar a influência da esperança no consumo de cosméticos anti-sinais. Foram entrevistadas 15 mulheres com idade entre 25 e 30 anos, através da utilização de técnica projetiva. Considerou-se para esta pesquisa a abordagem seguida por MacInnis e Mello (2001; 2005), segundo a qual a esperança é um conceito multidimensional, composto pela congruência dos objetivos com o ambiente, pela orientação para o futuro e pela vontade de ter um objeto específico. Através de seus relatos identificaram-se seis dimensões relacionadas à esperança, compostas por seus aspectos formadores; por emoções e sentimentos que se parecem e se confundem com ela; pela força motivacional para alcance de objetivos e manutenção do empenho; por episódios, fatos e mídias que a provocam; por fatores temporais que a afetam e por sua relação com a beleza. Os resultados indicam que o objetivo final da esperança parece ser a transformação do futuro em algo congruente com o self idealizado, concretizada através da posse e conquista de bens materiais. Neste processo de idealização a imaginação e o desejo desempenham papel importante, pois habilitam o indivíduo a imaginar-se gozando de uma situação futura diferente, apesar da deficiência atual percebida. / Hope is an important emotion in people every day’s life but which has not yet been properly understood by studies of human behavior. Used as sale argument of products that promise to change the current reality through better future results, hope seems to influence also the consumer behavior. With regard to increase the understanding of the subject, this research intended to evaluate the influence of hope in the consumption of anti-aging cosmetic. 15 women, aged between 25 and 30 years, were interviewed through the projective technique. This study followed MacInnis and Mello (2001, 2005) approach, that consider hope a multidimensional concept, composed by the goal congruence, future orientation and yearning. Through this reports six dimensions was identified as related to hope, composed by its former aspects; by emotions and sentiments that looks like and are confused with it; by motivational force to reach the goals and maintaining the commitment; by episodes, facts and media that arousal it; by temporal factors that affect it and their relationship to beauty. The results indicate that the final goal of hope seems to be turning the future into something consistent with the idealized self, realized through conquest and possession of material goods. In the process of idealization imagination and desire play an important role, because seems to enable the person to imagine themselves enjoying a future situation differently, despite the current perceived deficiency.

xiv, 246 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / This project is a critical and comparative investigation of Western and non-Western practices of body modification. Situated in the realm of feminist political theory, the project engages the literature and debates concerning embodiment, or the symbolic and concrete meanings of women's bodies. I specifically explore two examples of the physical construction of women's bodies: breast implantation in the United States and female genital cutting (FGC) in Senegal. I demonstrate that each of the practices molds bodies into preexisting naturalized forms. For this project, I conducted eighty in-depth, open-ended, and semi-structured interviews with women and men in twelve different locations in Senegal. Then, I carried out sixty-five in-depth, open-ended, and semi-structured interviews with American men and women from twenty-one different cities. I argue that the information that emerges from looking at body normalization comparatively allows me to make two important claims. The first is that the material that originates from interviews in this comparative study disrupts existing hegemonic discourse on sex-based body modifications. In particular, the comparative findings challenge the viewpoint that espouses a "Western women are free, African women are oppressed" binary. Second, examining FGC in Senegal alongside breast implantation in the US can uncover normalization that is invisible within social fields, or in the lives of women and men. Normalization is hard to see when in it, but easier to see if an individual steps outside of herself, her context, and her patriarchy. Thus, though many women do not recognize the normalizing structures within their own lives, they often are able to see these hegemonic structures in the lives of others. Women stepping outside of their own contexts can provide fresh, critical eyes that recognize embedded normalizations and oppression in other contexts. Further, this realization also can push them to return that critical gaze onto their own environment, which is the beginning of locating mechanisms of control within their own field. The construction of sex and the imprinting of gender norms upon bodies are manifestations of regulation and normalization that occur within socio-cultural contexts, and which individuals can potentially locate through a comparative conversation of this type. / Committee in charge: Dennis Galvan, Chairperson, Political Science; Julie Novkov, Member, Political Science; Leonard Feldman, Member, Political Science; Stephen Wooten, Outside Member, Anthropology

Acidentes do trabalho podem comprometer a competitividade das empresas e até a sua sobrevivência, pois elevam os custos, reduzem a produtividade devido à baixa disponibilidade de pessoal e clima organizacional, além de poderem afetar a imagem da organização perante a sociedade. Geram grandes problemas para as pessoas (acidentados) e seus familiares, assim como para o país. No Brasil, as estatísticas oficiais de acidentes de trabalho apontam números elevados, mesmo considerando que ocorre subnotificação. O objetivo deste estudo foi elaborar, implantar e avaliar um processo de gestão de comportamento seguro, ferramenta voltada para prevenção de acidentes, em uma indústria de cosmético. Para tal elaboração, realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica (sobre legislação brasileira, acidente do trabalho, prevenção, gestão do comportamento seguro, cultura de segurança e sistema de gestão de segurança e saúde ocupacional), entrevistas com lideranças e trabalhadores, treinamentos e reuniões de acompanhamento (coaching), inspeções nos postos de trabalho, auditoria de observações comportamentais e consulta a registros da empresa para avaliação do envolvimento dos gestores e trabalhadores. Verificou-se uma redução de 40% do número de acidentes no primeiro ano e redução de 79% dos acidentes até o segundo ano, além da melhoria da postura prevencionista de gestores e trabalhadores. Espera-se que esta dissertação possa ajudar e incentivar organizações a implantarem a metodologia de gestão do comportamento seguro, assim como estudantes e pesquisadores a fazerem testes, ajustes e adaptações para melhorar a performance de segurança dessas organizações, reduzindo os acidentes de trabalho e as agruras e sofrimentos que eles impõem para a classe trabalhadora.

A esperança é uma emoção importante no dia-a-dia das pessoas, mas que ainda não foi devidamente compreendida pelos estudos do comportamento humano. Utilizada como argumento de vendas de produtos que prometem mudar a realidade atual através de resultados futuros melhores, a esperança parece influenciar o comportamento do consumidor. Com o propósito de avançar no entendimento do tema a presente pesquisa tem o objetivo de avaliar a influência da esperança no consumo de cosméticos anti-sinais. Foram entrevistadas 15 mulheres com idade entre 25 e 30 anos, através da utilização de técnica projetiva. Considerou-se para esta pesquisa a abordagem seguida por MacInnis e Mello (2001; 2005), segundo a qual a esperança é um conceito multidimensional, composto pela congruência dos objetivos com o ambiente, pela orientação para o futuro e pela vontade de ter um objeto específico. Através de seus relatos identificaram-se seis dimensões relacionadas à esperança, compostas por seus aspectos formadores; por emoções e sentimentos que se parecem e se confundem com ela; pela força motivacional para alcance de objetivos e manutenção do empenho; por episódios, fatos e mídias que a provocam; por fatores temporais que a afetam e por sua relação com a beleza. Os resultados indicam que o objetivo final da esperança parece ser a transformação do futuro em algo congruente com o self idealizado, concretizada através da posse e conquista de bens materiais. Neste processo de idealização a imaginação e o desejo desempenham papel importante, pois habilitam o indivíduo a imaginar-se gozando de uma situação futura diferente, apesar da deficiência atual percebida. / Hope is an important emotion in people every day’s life but which has not yet been properly understood by studies of human behavior. Used as sale argument of products that promise to change the current reality through better future results, hope seems to influence also the consumer behavior. With regard to increase the understanding of the subject, this research intended to evaluate the influence of hope in the consumption of anti-aging cosmetic. 15 women, aged between 25 and 30 years, were interviewed through the projective technique. This study followed MacInnis and Mello (2001, 2005) approach, that consider hope a multidimensional concept, composed by the goal congruence, future orientation and yearning. Through this reports six dimensions was identified as related to hope, composed by its former aspects; by emotions and sentiments that looks like and are confused with it; by motivational force to reach the goals and maintaining the commitment; by episodes, facts and media that arousal it; by temporal factors that affect it and their relationship to beauty. The results indicate that the final goal of hope seems to be turning the future into something consistent with the idealized self, realized through conquest and possession of material goods. In the process of idealization imagination and desire play an important role, because seems to enable the person to imagine themselves enjoying a future situation differently, despite the current perceived deficiency.