The appearance of new high-tech houses in the construction market with the functions of a “smart home” is currently gaining great popularity in Russia, which leads to a great demand among the population. The attractiveness of this project is achieved both by new houses, made in a modern style, and by new “smart home” systems, and by the convenient location of the village itself. The purpose of the master's thesis is the calculation of the project with the economic justification. The object of research in this work is the analysis and evaluation of the project for the construction of a cottage settlement in Sysert district of Olkhovka. Such a project may be of the greatest interest to the investor both in terms of attractiveness and timing of implementation, and in terms of guaranteed reimbursement of invested funds. The last factor is very important for the investor, because in the unstable economic situation in the Russian Federation, an increase in the length of the payback period of a newly constructed object may lead to the fact that, due to reasons beyond the control of the developer or investor, the project will not be able to return the invested funds. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are: the work of foreign and Russian scientists on smart home systems in low-rise construction and on the development of these technologies in the Russian market. As a result of the study, the analysis of the location of the object in a particular area, its economic justification and all financial calculations and implementation dates were made. Also given are all the technical characteristics of the object, its concept and attractiveness. Next, the calculation is carried out according to three financing schemes - 100% of equity, 50% of 50% of equity and banking. Both options showed positive NPV. / Появление на строительном рынке новых современных домов в стиле «Хай-тек» с функциями «умного дома» в настоящее время набирают большую популярность в России, что ведет к большому спросу у населения. Привлекательность данного проекта достигается как новыми домами, сделанные в современном стиле, и новыми системами «умный дом», так и удобным месторасположение самого поселка Целью магистерской диссертации является расчет проекта с экономическим обоснованием. Проведение анализ и оценка проекта строительства коттеджного поселка в Сысертском районе д.Ольховка, который является объектом исследования в данной работе. Подобный проект в настоящее время может представлять наибольший интерес для инвестора как с точки зрения привлекательности и сроков реализации, так и с точки зрения гарантированного возмещения вложенных средств. Последний фактор является весьма важным для инвестора, так как в условиях нестабильной экономической ситуации в Российской Федерации увеличение длительности периода окупаемости вновь возведенного объекта может привести к тому, что в силу причин, не зависящих от девелопера либо инвестора, проект так и не сможет возвратить вложенные средства. Теоретической и методологической основой исследования служат: работы зарубежных и российских ученых, посвященные системам «умный дом» вмалоэтажном строительстве и, проблемам развития данных технологий в условиях российского рынка. В результате исследования произведен анализ локации объекта в определенном районе, его экономическое обоснование и все финансовые расчеты, а также сроки реализации. Также приведены все технические характеристики объекта, его концепция и привлекательность. Далее проводится расчет по трем схемам финансирования – 100% собственного капитала, 50% на 50% собственного капитала и банковского. Оба варианта показали положительные показатели ЧДД.

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The present work maps a specific set of the traditional subsistence techniques by way of example of the abandoned village named Nová Ves u Klikova (1792-1953). In the 18th century occure changes in methods of forest exploitation in Central Europe in general. The increased demand for fuelwood and building wood gave rise to the "rationalization" of the forest management. Another source of energy for the developing industry was peat at that time. Nová Ves u Klikova was an example of the so called peat colonization. Small farmsteads were founded on the infertile peaty soil that was not able to ensure sufficient means of subsistence. As a consequence it was developed an important centre of production of straw baskets and chip baskets in the second half of the 19th century. The existing ethnological literature pursued the local production of baskets, whereas the topic of the cutting of peat and its further treating in relation to folk culture is still untreated. In view of that fact this text lays stress on the "cultural history of peat".

Depuis sa fréquentation par les premiers curistes étrangers en 1820 jusqu’à l’édification du pont de Saint-Nazaire et de la Route Bleue en 1975, le paysage de la Côte de Jade a connu de profondes mutations. Terre inculte et délaissée à la fin du XVIIIe siècle, cette partie du littoral atlantique devient, dès les premières années du XIXe siècle, la destination privilégiée de baigneurs étrangers attirés par les bienfaits des eaux ferrugineuses et des bains de mer. Le charme pittoresque de ce paysage caractérisé par l’alternance de côtes escarpées et de longues étendues de sable fin sous un couvert de pins maritimes invite à l’évasion et au dépaysement. D’abord réservées à l’exigence d’une clientèle aristocratique et bourgeoise, les stations deviennent au milieu du XXe siècle le rendez-vous d’un tourisme de masse et la silhouette de la côte est profondément modifiée. Ces villes de bord de mer sont le reflet des grandes mutations de la société et répondent à des contraintes fonctionnelles, morphologiques et idéologiques liées à leur implantation géographique et à leur époque. L’habitat balnéaire, représentatif des goûts de son propriétaire et de l’enthousiasme croissant des maîtres d’œuvre pour cette nouvelle architecture saisonnière, consacrée au repos et aux loisirs, est conditionné par la présence de la mer puis du soleil. Malgré la diffusion de modèles de construction dans les catalogues d’architecture, la liberté d’interprétation de ces programmes crée une importante diversité stylistique, spécifique à l’architecture balnéaire. / Between the time that it was first frequented by foreign visitors taking the waters for their health in 1820 and the building of Saint Nazaire’s bridge and the Blue Road in 1975, the landscape of the Jade Coast has undergone significant changes. On virgin coastline that had been left undeveloped at the end of the 18th century, this part of the Atlantic coast became a favourite destination for foreign bathers in the early years of the 19th century, attracted by the benefits of chalybeate spring waters and the chance to bathe in the sea. The picturesque charm of this varied landscape, with its steep coast mixed with long sandy beaches and pine trees, was an invitation to enjoy an escape and a change of scenery. Having been initially devoted to the demands of an aristocratic and middle class clientele, seaside resorts became, in the middle of the twentieth century, the meeting place for large numbers of tourists and consequently the form of the coastline has been modified substantially. These seaside resorts reflect the profound changes to our society, and as well as being constrained by function, morphology and ideology, they are responses to their geographical location and to their date. Seaside housing reflects the taste of owners and a growing enthusiasm among developers for this new seasonal architecture dedicated to relaxation and leisure, architecture conditioned by the presence of the sea and the sun. Despite the spread of building models through architectural catalogues, the variety of interpretation of these models creates a broad stylistic diversity, which is specific to seaside resort architecture.

The aim of this thesis is to determine the amount of indemnity for total damage caused by a falling tree during the gale on a cottage in Roudné near Nové Hrady. The theoretical part deals with basic insurance terminology and basic terminology and methods used in property evaluation. The practical part describes the original condition of the property and its evaluation before the insured event using a cost method and complying with the evaluation regulation. Furthermore, this thesis deals with determination of the costs through the itemized budget for bringing the property to its original state. The conclusion deals with the impact of reconstruction on the extent of indemnity.

Denna undersökning har studerat fäbodstugan och fäbodmiljön i ett tidsperspektiv. Från att ha varit en del av jordbrukssystemet till att bli ett område för rekreation. En enkätundersökning genomfördes för att fånga brukarnas åsikter i Västtjärnslindans fäbod. En jämförelse mellan värden ur ett myndighetsperspektiv och ett brukarperspektiv genomfördes därefter. Förändringar i fäbodmiljön undersöktes också i Västtjärnslindans fäbod. Undersökningen visar att värderingen skiljer sig inte så mycket mellan parterna, snarare att det handlar om benämningar och tolkningar av de kulturvärden som lyfts i Bastbergets fäbod jämfört med i Västtjärnslindans fäbod. Studien visar att de förändringar som identifierats i Västtjärnslindan inte utgör något hot mot bevarande av kulturmiljön. Snarare att nya värden appliceras på de gamla värdena som kvarstår, som lager på lager. Oavsett om fäbodmiljön är utpekad av kulturarvsmyndigheter eller ej innehar den höga kulturvärden som i ett brukande bevaras för framtida generationer. Ett bevarande i brukandet vill uppnås för att få ett användbart hållbart kulturarv. / This study looks into shacks in a time perspective from being a part of the agricultural system to a new purpose for recreation. This was made by studying cultural values and changes from a authority-perspecitve and from the peoples-perspective living and using the cultural area in these shacks. From the authority-perspecive the study looked into processes in valuing cultural values and management regulations in Bastbergets fäbod as an example. A survey was created to investigating the peoples-perspective in Västtjärnslindan fäbod. The study shows that the most important cultural values are quite similar independent of whom valuing the cultural environment (either authorities or people using it). Changes to more modern appearance in the study shows that they are not affecting character traits of the cultural shacks environment. The cultural values appears to be a layer on layer values in the cultural environment. To conclude it is importent to reach conservation in using the shacks environment to obtain a useful sustainable cultural heritage.

Проведен обзор развития рынка строительства загородной недвижимости в целом и коттеджных поселков в частности в МО «город Екатеринбург». Выполнен анализ распределение коттеджных поселков в зависимости от направления движения по основным автодорогам и удаленности от г. Екатеринбурга. Рассмотрены варианты организации локальных канализационных систем в коттеджных поселках и частных домовладений, обозначены проблемы, связанные с утилизацией жидких бытовых отходов от населенных пунктов, где отсутствуют централизованные канализационные сети, и неканализованных частных домовладений. Отражена основная информация о деятельности МУП «Водоканал», в том числе общая характеристика, анализ финансового состояния предприятия. Проведен анализ и выявлены основные тенденции, связанные с образованием хозяйственно-бытовых стоков в пригородных поселках, где отсутствует централизованная система канализации. Рассмотрено понятие жидких бытовых отходов (ЖБО) и дана классификация отходов по классам опасности, дана экономическая оценка и проведено экономическое обоснование строительства сливных станций по приему ЖБО. Рассмотрены инструменты для реализации предложенного проекта. / A review of the development of the market for the construction of suburban real estate in general and cottage villages in particular in the city of Yekaterinburg was carried out. The analysis of the distribution of cottage villages was carried out depending on the direction of traffic on the main roads and the distance from the city of Yekaterinburg. Options for organization of local sewage systems in cottage villages and private households are considered, problems associated with the disposal of liquid domestic waste from settlements where there are no centralized sewage networks and non-analyzed private households are outlined. The main information on the activities of Municipal Unitary Enterprise Vodokanal is reflected, including the general characteristics, analysis of the financial condition of the enterprise. The main trends related to the formation of domestic wastewater in suburban villages, where there is no centralized sewage system, were analyzed and revealed. The concept of liquid household waste (LWR) was considered and the classification of waste by hazard classes was given, economic assessment was given and economic justification for the construction of drain stations for the reception of LWR was carried out. The tools for implementation of the proposed project are considered.

This thesis is aimed at the Military Museum in Kraliky. This construction made on the basis of the initial design of the designer. For this reason, it was necessary to deal with during the processing work some technical problems, transport of materials to the construction site or purely site layout itself. The whole area of the museum consists of several buildings. The largest and main building of the exposition hall with steel supporting structures, then there is the Administration building, which in turn is a brick workshop that has as Exp hall steel structure. There is also a replica of the First Republic Military cottage, which has a wooden frame and demonstration area, where there will be live demonstrations of military equipment.

Purpose: Vacation house,a part of Sweden ́s history that decreases annually, mainly because existing vacation houses are being extended and permanented and few new ones are being built. One reason why many vacation houses are permanented is that the detailed development plan for the area is insufficient or missing to maintain the area as a vacation house area. In addition to the detailed development plan there is other legislation that is followed at building permits. For vacations houses there is no regulation in the legislation which causes difficulties for building permit management for individuals and authorities. The aim of the survey is to gather material with the aim to establish a definition of vacation houses into the legislation. Method: The survey is conducted as a qualitative study with semi-structured interviews with nearby municipalities building permit departments, equal in size as Jönköping's municipality and with smaller municipalities. The material from the semi-structured interviews was compared and strengthened with document analysis from previous research. The document analysis has reviewed previous researches, studies, judiciary, books and detailed development plans. Findings: The result shows that a definition of vacation houses should be legislated in Plan- och bygglagen and can be applied by Boverket’s building regulations with a clearer explanation of vacation houses. To give municipalities common ground to emanate from to preserve the nature of vacations house areas. How the vacations house areas should be designed and how their design can be preserved is most suitable in the detail development plan. It is in the detail development plan the area of a vacation home can be limited. If the area of the vacation homes is limited, the survey show that it will result in that fewer vacation homes are permanentized as the conveniences which permanent homes require will not fit. Implications: The results of the survey can be used to give municipalities an understanding of how building permits of vacation houses ́ are currently handled by other municipalities. The study contributes with improvement proposals for detailed development plan in the municipality of Jönköping. The conclusion of the result is that a more comprehensive study should be conducted to include municipalities throughout Sweden to ultimately lead to a joint definition for vacation houses.Limitations: The result is based on interviews with six municipalities and document analysis. A more comprehensive survey can interview more municipalities throughout Sweden to obtain a more generalized result, as well as to include authorities such as county administrative boards and Boverket. In a more comprehensive survey, more methods can be used as observations for better understanding of building permit handling of vacation homes and surveys to be able to reach out to all municipalities in Sweden. / Syfte: Fritidshusen, en del av Sveriges historia som minskar årligen, främst på grund av att befintliga fritidshus byggs till och permanentas samt att det byggs få nya. En anledning till att många fritidshus permanentas är att detaljplanen för ett område är otillräcklig eller saknas för att behålla området som ett fritidshusområde. Förutom detaljplan är det övrig lagstiftning som följs vid bygglov. För fritidshus saknas en definition i lagstiftningen vilket medför svårigheter för bygglovhantering för privatpersoner och myndigheter. Syftet med studien är att ta fram material som kan utnyttjas för att införa en definition av fritidshus i lagstiftning. Metod: Undersökningen genomförs som en kvalitativ studie med semi-strukturerade intervjuer med närliggande kommuners bygglovsavdelningar, både i jämnstorlek med Jönköpings kommun och med mindre kommuner. Materialet från de semi-strukturerade intervjuerna bearbetades sedan genom att jämföras och stärkas med litteraturstudie från tidigare forskning. Litteraturstudien har granskat tidigare undersökningar, studier, domar, böcker och detaljplaner. Resultat: Resultatet visar att en definition utav fritidshus bör lagstiftas i plan- och bygglagen och kan tillämpas av Boverket med en tydligare förklaring till fritidshus. Detta för att ge kommuner en grund att utgå ifrån för att bevara fritidshusområdens karaktär. Hur fritidshusområden ska utformas och hur dess karaktär kan behållas görs lämpligast i detaljplaner. Det är även i detaljplanen ytan kan begränsas för ett fritidshus. Begränsas ytan för ett fritidshus visar undersökningen att färre fritidshus kommer permanentas då de bekvämligheter en permanentbostad bör ha inte kommer att rymmas. Konsekvenser: Undersökningens resultat kan användas för att ge kommuner förståelse för hur bygglov av fritidshus hanteras i dagsläget av andra kommuner. Studien bidrar med förbättringsförslag för detaljplaner i Jönköpings kommun. Slutsatsen av resultatet är att en mer omfattande studie bör genomföras för att inkludera kommuner inom hela Sverige för att i slutändan utmynna till en gemensam definition för fritidshus. Begränsningar: Resultatet är baserat på intervjuer med sex kommuner och litteraturstudier. En mer omfattande undersökning kan intervjua fler kommuner över hela Sverige för att få ett mer generaliserbart resultat, samt att inkludera myndigheter som länsstyrelser och Boverket. I en mer omfattande undersökning kan fler metoder tillämpas som observationer för bättre förståelse av bygglovshantering av fritidshus och enkäter för att nå ut till alla kommuner i Sverige.